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9 Glossary and Abbreviations
46 DHV0017 b2 EN © b2 electronic GmbH
9 Glossary and Abbreviations
The following explains abbreviations and selected terms used in this document.
Term Explanation
Arc Self-maintained gas conduction for which most of the charge carriers are
electrons supplied by primary
‑ electron emission (source: IEC)
BA Breakdown Analyzer
Breakdown or
Dielectric strength The maximum RMS voltage at which a dielectric can sustain an applied
electrical stress. Above this limit a small arc or breakdown leads to a collapse
of the applied voltage.
High dielectric breakdown values indicate good dielectric properties. Low
dielectric breakdown values often indicate the presence of contamination
and/or oil degradation.
Frequency [Hz] Number of cycles per unit of time
1 Hz = 1cycle pro second. Unit = Hz
Period
t
f
1
=
Peak value Maximum Voltage = V
max
RMS value Root Mean Square voltage. For sinusoi-
dal waveforms:
2
max
V
V
rm s
=
ASTM ASTM International, originally known as the American Society for Testing
and Materials.
http://www.astm.org/
AS Standards Australia.
http://www.standards.org.au/
IEC International Electrotechnical Commission.
http://www.iec.ch/
VDE Verband der Elektrotechnik Elektronik Informationstechnik. http://www.vde.com
EN 60156
IEC 60156 Insulating liquids - Determination of the breakdown voltage at power
frequency - Test method
(Replacement for DIN VDE 0370-5; VDE 0370-5:1992-08)
ASTM 877M-13A/B
Standard Test Method for Dielectric Breakdown Voltage of Insulating Liquids
Using Disk Electrodes
ASTM D923 Standard Practices for Sampling Electrical Insulating Liquids
ASTM 1816-12:1/2 Standard Test Method for Dielectric Breakdown Voltage of Insulating Oils
of Petroleum Origin Using VDE Electrodes
AS 1767 Insulating oil for transformers and switchgear
Vmax
Vrms
V
time
t
Period