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Definition of Terms

Specifications

Agilent

8159xB

Optical Switch Modules, Fourth Edition

17

Insertion loss (IL)

The change of power level after inserting the optical switch set to
transmission between two connectorized patchcords, expressed in dB.
The insertion loss from input port i to output port j is calculated from:

where:

P

a

= ower measured at the end of the two connected patch cords (see

drawing).

P

b

i,j

= power measured at the switch output port j.

Figure 10 Insertion Loss Test Setup

Conditions: Wavelength as specified. Using patchcords with high quality
connectors in perfect optical condition.

Maximum Input power

The input power level for which the specifications apply and that can be
applied to the optical switch without permanent change of its
characteristics.

Insertion loss includes the loss of one additional connection.

N O T E

Applying more than the specified maximum input power may
damage the device!

C A U T I O N

Artisan Technology Group - Quality Instrumentation ... Guaranteed | (888) 88-SOURCE | www.artisantg.com

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Содержание 81591B

Страница 1: ...l service in house repair center WE BUY USED EQUIPMENT Sell your excess underutilized and idle used equipment We also offer credit for buy backs and trade ins www artisantg com WeBuyEquipment REMOTE INSPECTION Remotely inspect equipment before purchasing with our interactive website at www instraview com LOOKING FOR MORE INFORMATION Visit us on the web at www artisantg com for more information on ...

Страница 2: ...Agilent Technologies Agilent 81591B 81594B 81595B Optical Switches User s Guide Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com ...

Страница 3: ...Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com ...

Страница 4: ...document are furnished under a license and may be used or copied only in accordance with the terms of such license Restricted Rights Legend If software is for use in the performance of a U S Government prime contract or subcontract Software is delivered and licensed as Commer cial computer software as defined in DFAR 252 227 7014 June 1995 or as a commer cial item as defined in FAR 2 101 a or as R...

Страница 5: ...ective conductor WARNING Under no circumstances look into the end of an optical output or an optical cable attached to the optical outputs of the device when a connected laser source is operational The laser radiation can seriously damage your eyesight WARNING Read and understand the Laser safety information of any Laser source which is connected to the optical switch WARNING Refer servicing only ...

Страница 6: ...the following centers and ask for a test and measurement sales representative United States 1 800 452 4844 1 800 829 4433 FAX Canada 1 877 894 4414 1 800 746 4866 FAX Europe 31 20 547 2111 43 20 547 2190 FAX Japan 0120 421 345 0120 421 678 FAX Latin America 55 11 4197 3600 55 11 4197 3800 FAX Australia 1 800 629 485 1 800 142 134 FAX Asia Pacific 852 3197 7889 852 2506 9233 FAX Artisan Technology ...

Страница 7: ...Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com ...

Страница 8: ...ss IL 17 Maximum Input power 17 Operating Temperature 18 Polarization dependent loss PDL 18 Reference Connector 18 Repeatability 18 Return loss 19 Switching Time 19 Wavelength range 20 Specifications 21 Performance Tests 23 Required Test Equipment 24 Test Record 25 Test Failure 25 Instrument Specification 25 Performance Test Procedures 26 Insertion Loss Test 27 Repeatability Test 30 Artisan Techno...

Страница 9: ...tors 42 Cleaning Instrument Housings 42 Which Cleaning Procedure should I use 43 How to clean connectors 44 How to clean connector interfaces 45 How to clean bare fiber adapters 46 How to clean instruments with a fixed connector interface 47 Additional Cleaning Information 48 Other Cleaning Hints 49 Environmental Information 50 Index 51 Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 8...

Страница 10: ... This chapter contains an introductory description of the modules and aims to make the modules familair to you Introduction 8 How to Toggle the Switch Path 9 Typical Applications 10 Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com ...

Страница 11: ... select one of several sources you can select one of several measurement instruments you can switch between devices being tested or quickly change from a calibration path to a measurement path Figure 1 Front View of Switch Module There are 3 different switch types 1x2 2x2 and 1x4 available and each of these are supplied in versions for either single mode with angled FC APC R narrow keying connecto...

Страница 12: ...es for a channel in turn 81591B 1 x 2 81594B 2 x 2 Crossover 81595B 1 x 4 The route selected between port A and another numbered port is indicated in the user interface and by two lit green LEDs on the front panel of the Optical Switch module The route selected between port B if present and another numbered port is indicated in the user interface and by two lit amber LEDs on the front panel of the...

Страница 13: ...rent wavelengths as the input to the DUT Figure 3 Laser source selection Select different measurement and analysis paths In the following diagram the switch is used to select between the measurement path and the calibration path Figure 4 Measurement path selection 1310 nm source 1550 nm source DUT automated control measurement and analysis equipment Power Meter DUT automated control measurement an...

Страница 14: ...ath in the case shown here it is a fiber spool Figure 5 Circuit selection with crossover switch for example in dispersion penalty test setup input signal output input signal output fiber spool fiber spool Bypass position Insert position Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com ...

Страница 15: ...can be used to automatically select one from up to four different analyzing instruments Once again there are advantages to be gained through the speed in changing the test setup and the repeatability of measurements Figure 7 Selection of one from several analyzing instruments DUT DUT DUT DUT Source Analyzing Instruments 1 x 4 switch 1 x 4 switch DUT Source WLM OSA Power meter BERT 1 x 4 switch Art...

Страница 16: ... 81594B and 81595B optical switch modules are available in option addressing single mode and multimode applications This chapter provides information on the available options Modules and Options 14 Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com ...

Страница 17: ...y angled connectors for single mode optical fiber interface Option 062 For the 8159xB modules the optical switch comes with fixed FC PC straight connectors for multimode optical fiber interfaces Agilent Angled FC connectors for single mode fibers OPTICAL SWITCH MODULES 81591B 009 1x2 Agilent 81594B 009 2x2 Agilent 81595B 009 1x4 Agilent Straight FC connectors for multimode fibers 81591B 062 1x2 Ag...

Страница 18: ...ementary performance characteristics describe the modules non warranted typical performance Because of the modular nature of the instrument these performance specifications apply to these modules rather than the mainframe unit Definition of Terms 16 Crosstalk 16 Insertion loss IL 17 Maximum Input power 17 Operating Temperature 18 Polarization dependent loss PDL 18 Reference Connector 18 Repeatabil...

Страница 19: ...ion Cycle A consecutive transition through all switch states Measurement principles are indicated Alternative measurement principles of equal value are also acceptable Crosstalk The maximum ratio between the power on a non selected output port and the incident power on any input port expressed in dB The cross talk xi for any output port i is calculated from where Pa power measured at the end of th...

Страница 20: ... power measured at the switch output port j Figure 10 Insertion Loss Test Setup Conditions Wavelength as specified Using patchcords with high quality connectors in perfect optical condition Maximum Input power The input power level for which the specifications apply and that can be applied to the optical switch without permanent change of its characteristics Insertion loss includes the loss of one...

Страница 21: ...ion straight or angled FC Repeatability The uncertainty in reproducing the Insertion loss IL after repeated Actuation Cycle The repeatability is half the span between the maximum and the minimum values expressed in dB Figure 11 Repeatability Conditions Number of repetitions as specified Uninterrupted line voltage constant temperature constant humidity constant wavelength constant input power level...

Страница 22: ...l optical connectors in perfect optical condition Switching Time Maximum time needed to stabilize the optical output power when switching This is applicable for all input output combinations and for risetime and falltime as described in the figure below Figure 12 Switching Time Risetime 0 V 5 V Optical Low Level Optical High Level 0 1 dB Optical High Level Optical Low Level 0 V 5 V Falltime 55 dB ...

Страница 23: ...ns apply if not differently stated Literature 1 Fiber optic test and measurement Hewlett Packard Professional Books edited by Prentice Hall ISBN 0 13 534330 5 2 GR 1073 CORE Generic Requirements for Single Mode Fiber Optic Switches Issue 1 January 2001 Telcordia Technologies Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com ...

Страница 24: ...125 µm SMF 62 5 125 µm MMF Connectivity FC APC R angled FC PC straight FC APC R angled FC PC straight FC APC R angled FC PC straight Wavelength range 1270 1670nm 700 1400nm 1270 1670nm 700 1400nm 1270 1670nm 700 1400nm Insertion loss incl connectors 1 0 dB 3 1 0 dB 1 1 5 dB 3 1 0 dB 1 2 0 dB 4 2 0 dB 1 Polarization dependent loss typ 0 05 dBpp NA typ 0 05 dBpp NA typ 0 07 dBpp NA Repeatability 2 0...

Страница 25: ...8159xB Optical Switch Modules Fourth Edition Ordering Information Modules for single mode fiber interface 009 Modules for multimode fiber interface 062 Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com ...

Страница 26: ...ich the instrument is tested are given in Specifications on page 15 All tests can be performed without access to the interior of the instrument The performance tests refer specifically to tests using an Agilent reference connector Required Test Equipment 24 Performance Test Procedures 26 Insertion Loss Test 27 Repeatability Test 30 Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88...

Страница 27: ... 2 2 1 ea 8164A B Laser Source Module FP Agilent 81654A 1 1 1 1310 nm 1550 nm 81657A Laser Source Module FP MM 850nm Agilent 81655A E01 1 1 1 850 nm MM Interface Module Agilent 81618A 1 1 1 1 1 1 81619A Optical Head Agilent 81624B 1 1 1 81626B Optical Head 850nm MM Agilent 81623B C01 1 1 1 Optical Head Standard Ge Single Mode Fiber Diamond 117 183 003L002 1 1 1 FC SPC to FC APC R Single Mode Fiber...

Страница 28: ... can also be used as a permanent record and may be reproduced without written permission from Agilent Technologies Test Failure If the Agilent 8159xB Modular Optical Switch fails any performance test return the instrument to the nearest Agilent Technologies Sales Service Office for repair Instrument Specification Specifications are the performance characteristics of the instrument that is certifie...

Страница 29: ...ables of the test setup are fixed to the table so that they cannot move during measurements Movement of the fibers during the test procedures and the quality of optical connectors affect the result of power measurements The environmental conditions temperature and relative humidity must remain constant during the test Make sure that all optical connections of the test setup given in the procedure ...

Страница 30: ...able connector interfaces 1 Turn the instruments on and allow the devices to warm up 30 min 2 Make sure that all your connectors are clean and undamaged 3 On the laser source select the first wavelength as listed in the Test Record From the 8163A B menu set the laser source to Coherence Ctrl ON 4 Connect the equipment as shown in Figure 13 Figure 13 Insertion Loss Reference Setup 5 Set the power m...

Страница 31: ... For 81594B connect the laser source to input A first Figure 14 Insertion Loss Test Setup 10 Select the switch port which is connected to the power meter 11 Note the power meter reading in dB as Insertion Loss in the Test Record 12 Repeat step 10 to step 11 for the other switch output ports 13 With 81594B connect the laser source to input B then measure both output ports as listed in step 9 to ste...

Страница 32: ...e select the second wavelength as listed in the Test Record 15 Repeat step 4 to step 11 This test should be completed within 15 minutes because of stability and drift reasons Else a new reference measurement has to be performed NOTE Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com ...

Страница 33: ...ce 5 Disable the laser source zero the power meter and select Autorange Display dB 6 Select the switch port which is connected to the power meter and enable the laser source 7 Set Display to Reference on the power meter 8 Cycle the switch away and back to the connected port 9 Note the power meter reading in the Test Record 10 Repeat step 8 and step 9 ten times 11 Repeat the Test with step 7 to ste...

Страница 34: ... Optical Switch Performance Test Page 1 of 4 Test Facility Report No Date Customer Tested By Model Agilent Modular Optical Switch Product Number Serial No Ambient temperature C Firmware Rev Relative humidity Line frequency Hz Special Notes Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com ...

Страница 35: ...est Page 2 of 4 Agilent Modular Optical Switch Report No Date Test Equipment Description Model No Trace No Cal due date 1 Mainframe N A 2 Power Meter 3 Laser Source 4 Mode Conditioner N A 5 Mode Stripping Fiber N A 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com ...

Страница 36: ... _____ dB Cycle 10 Deviation _____ dB _____ dB Upper Test Limit 0 02 dB 0 02 dB Lower Test Limit 0 02 dB 0 02 dB Product 81594B 009 81594B 062 Wavelength 1550 nm 850 nm Ports A 1 A 2 B 1 B 2 A 1 A 2 B 1 B 2 Cycle 1 Deviation _____ dB _____ dB _____ dB _____ dB _____ dB _____ dB _____ dB _____ dB Cycle 2 Deviation _____ dB _____ dB _____ dB _____ dB _____ dB _____ dB _____ dB _____ dB Cycle 3 Devia...

Страница 37: ... Deviation _____ dB _____ dB _____ dB _____ dB _____ dB _____ dB _____ dB _____ dB Cycle 5 Deviation _____ dB _____ dB _____ dB _____ dB _____ dB _____ dB _____ dB _____ dB Cycle 6 Deviation _____ dB _____ dB _____ dB _____ dB _____ dB _____ dB _____ dB _____ dB Cycle 7 Deviation _____ dB _____ dB _____ dB _____ dB _____ dB _____ dB _____ dB _____ dB Cycle 8 Deviation _____ dB _____ dB _____ dB __...

Страница 38: ...g 38 Preserving Connectors 42 Cleaning Instrument Housings 42 Which Cleaning Procedure should I use 43 How to clean connectors 44 How to clean connector interfaces 45 How to clean bare fiber adapters 46 How to clean instruments with a fixed connector interface 47 Other Cleaning Hints 49 Environmental Information 50 Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artis...

Страница 39: ...lease refer the module to the skilled personnel of Agilent s service team Safety Precautions Please follow the following safety rules Do not remove instrument covers when operating Ensure that the instrument is switched off throughout the cleaning procedures Use of controls or adjustments or performance of procedures other than those specified may result in hazardous radiation exposure Make sure t...

Страница 40: ...ay burn dust into the fiber and cause additional damage for example 0 dBm optical power in a single mode fiber causes a power density of approximately 16 million W m2 If this happens measurements become inaccurate and non repeatable Cleaning is therefore an essential yet difficult task Unfortunately when comparing most published cleaning recommendations you will discover that they contain several ...

Страница 41: ... careful when replacing dust caps after use Do not press the bottom of the cap onto the fiber too hard as any dust in the cap can scratch or pollute your fiber surface If you need further dust caps please contact your nearest Agilent Technologies sales office Isopropyl alcohol This solvent is usually available from any local pharmaceutical supplier or chemist s shop If you use isopropyl alcohol to...

Страница 42: ...optical device Soft tissues These are available from most stores and distributors of medical and hygiene products such as supermarkets or chemists shops We recommend that you do not use normal cotton tissues but multi layered soft tissues made from non recycled cellulose Cellulose tissues are very absorbent and softer Consequently they will not scratch the surface of your device over time Use care...

Страница 43: ... of compressed air could contain some condensation or propellant Such condensation leaves behind a filmy deposit Please be friendly to your environment and use a CFC free aerosol Additional Cleaning Equipment Some Cleaning Procedures need the following equipment which is not required to clean each instrument Microscope with a magnification range about 50X up to 300X Ultrasonic bath Warm water and ...

Страница 44: ...stress or to fat and liquids For this reason we recommend you do not touch them If you are not sure how sensitive your device is to cleaning please contact the manufacturer or your sales distributor Premoistened cleaning wipes Use pre moistened cleaning wipes as described in each individual cleaning procedure Cleaning wipes may be used in every instance where a moistened soft tissue or cotton swab...

Страница 45: ... dust cap back on or close the shutter cap if the equipment is not going to be used immediately Keep the caps on the equipment always when it is not in use All of Agilent Technologies lightwave instruments and accessories are shipped with either laser shutter caps or dust caps If you need additional or replacement dust caps contact your nearest Agilent Technologies Sales Service Office Immersion O...

Страница 46: ... cotton swab Use compressed air to blow away any remaining filament left by the swab Heavy dirt If the above procedure is not enough to clean your instrument follow one of the procedures below Please consult Cleaning Instructions for this Module on page 36 for the procedure relevant for this instrument If you are unsure of how sensitive your device is to cleaning please contact the manufacturer or...

Страница 47: ...all circular spot Preferred Procedure Use the following procedure on most occasions 1 Clean the connector by rubbing a new dry cotton swab over the surface using a small circular movement 2 Blow away any remaining lint with compressed air Procedure for Stubborn Dirt Use this procedure particularly when there is greasy dirt on the connector 1 Moisten a new cotton swab with isopropyl alcohol 2 Clean...

Страница 48: ... cleaner with isopropyl alcohol 2 Clean the interface by pushing and pulling the pipe cleaner into the opening Rotate the pipe cleaner slowly as you do this 3 Moisten a new cotton swab with isopropyl alcohol 4 Clean the interface by rubbing the cotton swab over the surface using a small circular movement 5 Using a new dry pipe cleaner and a new dry cotton swab remove the alcohol any dissolved sedi...

Страница 49: ...w dry pipe cleaner into the opening Rotate the pipe cleaner slowly as you do this 1 Clean the adapter by rubbing a new dry cotton swab over the surface using a small circular movement 2 Blow away any remaining lint with compressed air Never use any kind of solvent when cleaning a bare fiber adapter as solvents can damage the foam inside some adapters They can deposit dissolved dirt in the groove w...

Страница 50: ...optical block is to use compressed air If there are fluids or fat in the connector please refer the instrument to the skilled personnel of Agilent s service team Both the surface and the jacket of the attached connector should be completely dry and clean NOTE Only use clean dry compressed air Make sure that the air is free of dust water and oil If the air that you use is not clean and dry this can...

Страница 51: ...her with other optical components to create a parallel beam The end of a fiber can often be scratched You make a new cleave To do this 1 Strip off the cladding 2 Take a new soft tissue and moisten it with isopropyl alcohol 3 Carefully clean the bare fiber with this tissue 4 Make your cleave and immediately insert the fiber into your bare fiber adapter in order to protect the surface from dirt Arti...

Страница 52: ...h could scratch it and leave deposits Lens cleaning papers Note that some special lens cleaning papers are not suitable for cleaning optical devices like connectors interfaces lenses mirrors and so on To be absolutely certain that a cleaning paper is applicable please ask the salesperson or the manufacturer Immersion oil and other index matching compounds Do not use immersion oil or other index ma...

Страница 53: ...al electronic product in domestic household waste Product Category With reference to the equipment types in the WEEE Directive Annex I this product is classed as a Monitoring and Control instrumentation product Do not dispose in domestic household waste To return unwanted products contact your local Agilent office or see www agilent com environment product for more information Artisan Technology G...

Страница 54: ...ction 8 M Maximum Input power 17 Modules and Options 14 O Operating Temperature 18 Optical Switches Toggle 9 P Performance Test Procedures 26 Performance Tests 23 polarization dependent loss 18 R Reference Connector 18 Repeatability 18 Repeatability test 30 Required Test Equipment 24 Return loss 19 S Specifications 15 21 Switch types 8 Switching Time 19 T Test equipment requirements 24 W Wavelengt...

Страница 55: ...Index 52 Agilent 8159xB Optical Switch Modules Fourth Edition Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com ...

Страница 56: ...Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com ...

Страница 57: ...gies GmbH 2005 Printed in Germany September 2005 Fourth edition September 2005 81591 90B01 www agilent com Agilent Technologies Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com ...

Страница 58: ...l service in house repair center WE BUY USED EQUIPMENT Sell your excess underutilized and idle used equipment We also offer credit for buy backs and trade ins www artisantg com WeBuyEquipment REMOTE INSPECTION Remotely inspect equipment before purchasing with our interactive website at www instraview com LOOKING FOR MORE INFORMATION Visit us on the web at www artisantg com for more information on ...

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