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Owner’s Guide 

25

second subject zero before commencing measurement. The galvanic skin response to a 
stimulus or series of stimuli can then be measured, relative to the baseline conductivity.

To GSR Amp

Increased arousal due to physical or emotional stimuli increases conductivity. Typically, 
there is a short time lag, followed by a sharp increase and an exponential decay to 
baseline level. The whole response may take up to 40 seconds, although the decay 
phase is highly dependent on the subject. 

The response is not fast, so a recording speed of 4 samples per second is adequate for 
most purposes. Good stimuli for evoking the response include a sudden loud noise (as 
shown in Figure 8–7), or a full inhalation, two second breath hold, then full exhalation.

 

Figure 3–6 

Connecting the 

electrodes to 

the subject: the 

GSR Amp uses 

AC excitation, so 

the polarity of the 

connections is 

unimportant

Figure 3–7 

A typical GSR 

response to a 

startle stimulus, 

recorded from the  

palmar surface of 

the fingers

Содержание FE231

Страница 1: ...Owner s Guide AMPLIFIER GALVANIC SKIN RESPONSE ...

Страница 2: ... 2000 2018 All rights reserved PowerLab MacLab LabChart LabTutor and LabAuthor are registered trademarks of ADInstruments Pty Ltd Chart and Scope application programs LabTutor Server and LabTutor Online are trademarks of ADInstruments Pty Ltd The names of specific recording units such as PowerLab 16 35 are trademarks of ADInstruments Pty Ltd Windows 8 Windows 7 Windows 10 Windows Vista and NET Fra...

Страница 3: ...601 1 it is under the principle that this is a more rigorous standard than other standards that could be chosen it provides a high safety level for subjects and operators The choice to meet IEC 60601 1 is in no way to be interpreted to mean that a product is a medical device may be interpreted as a medical device or is safe to be used as a medical device Safety and Quality Standards When used with...

Страница 4: ...vided there is no direct electrical connection to the heart Warning symbol The exclamation mark inside a triangle means that the supplied documentation must be consulted for operating cautionary or safety information before using the device CE Mark All front end amplifiers and PowerLab systems carry the CE mark and meet the appropriate EU directives Further information is available on request Refe...

Страница 5: ...em for human connection The user is responsible for ensuring any particular configuration of equipment complies with IEC60601 1 1 Guidance on compliance with this standard is provided in the following sections PowerLab systems and many other devices require the connection of a personal computer for operation This personal computer should be certified as complying with IEC 60950 and should be locat...

Страница 6: ... inherently less safe environment with respect to electrical hazards Individual connection of each piece of equipment to fixed mains socket outlets is the preferred means of connection If multiple portable socket outlets are used they are subject to the following constraints They shall not be placed on the floor Additional multiple portable socket outlets or extension cords shall not be connected ...

Страница 7: ...ower up and will report errors if a significant problem is found There is no need to open the instrument for inspection or maintenance and doing so within the warranty period will void the warranty Your PowerLab system can be periodically checked for basic safety by using an appropriate safety testing device Tests such as earth leakage earth bond insulation resistance subject leakage and auxiliary...

Страница 8: ...nt ends are ancillary devices that connect to the PowerLab recording unit to extend the system s capabilities They provide additional signal conditioning and other features and extend the types of experiments that you can conduct and the data you can record All ADInstruments front ends are designed to be operated under full software control No knobs dials or switches are needed although some may b...

Страница 9: ...d as a single set of software controls Note The Stimulator front ends differ from other front ends in two respects 1 Since they need to produce a reasonably high voltage and current the Stimulator front ends require a power supply in addition to the power provided by the I2 C bus 2 As they produce voltage output for stimulation they are connected to a positive analog output socket of the PowerLab ...

Страница 10: ...ut Front end I2 C input Check that the connectors for the I2 C bus are screwed in firmly Check the BNC cable for firm connections as well Loose connectors can cause erratic front end behavior or may cause the front end to fail to work at all The Signal Output Socket The BNC socket labelled Signal Output on the back panel of the front end provides the signal output to connect to an analog input soc...

Страница 11: ...us Isolator can be connected to the positive output of the PowerLab Special Cases Some front ends have their own specific connection requirements Please refer to the individual chapter for each front end in this guide Connecting Stimulator Front Ends The PowerLab analog outputs provide a variable computer controlled voltage output that can be used with LabChart LabTutor LabStation or Lt to connect...

Страница 12: ... ends Using ADInstruments Programs Front ends are designed for use with PowerLabs and ADInstruments programs such as LabChart LabTutor LabStation and Lt The functions of the front end are combined with those of the PowerLab and are presented as a single set of software controls in the ADInstruments program Depending on the front end s connected front end specific dialogs replace the Input Amplifie...

Страница 13: ...ont end has been found by the PowerLab and is working properly If the indicator doesn t light check your cable connections and repeat the start up procedure Software Behavior When a front end is connected to a PowerLab and the ADInstruments software is successfully installed the Input Amplifier menu command from the Channel Function pop up menu in LabChart should be replaced by the Front end menu ...

Страница 14: ...is to increase the sampling rate The highest available sampling rates are 100k s or 200k s depending on your PowerLab To view the frequencies present in your recorded signal open the Spectrum window in LabChart For more information about Spectrum see the LabChart Help Center If unwanted high frequency components are present in the sampled signal you will achieve better results by using a low pass ...

Страница 15: ...g linked electrical equipment to a common earth connection equipotential connection point such as the earthing grounding stud provided on the rear of all PowerLabs can prevent ground loops The electric fields generated by power lines can introduce interference at the line frequency into the recorded signal Electromagnetic fields from other sources can also cause interference fluorescent tubes appa...

Страница 16: ...me poor If this should happen relatively high voltages potentials can be induced in the open wire by electric fields generated by power lines or other sources close to the front end or the subject Such induced potentials will result in a constant amplitude disturbance in the recorded waveform at the power line frequency 50 or 60 Hz and loss of the desired signal If the problem is a recurring one o...

Страница 17: ...Owner s Guide 17 ...

Страница 18: ...ed amplifier for measurement of skin conductivity in particular the Féré effect which is the change in skin conductivity when a subject is stimulated This is also known as the galvanic skin response GSR and gives a general measure of autonomic nervous system activity Measurement is displayed in SI conductance units siemens and absolute conductivity of up to 100 µS microsiemens can be measured Low ...

Страница 19: ...pair of input connectors for bipolar electrodes and a small indicator light Status Indicator Input sockets The Status Indicator The status indicator light is at the bottom left of the front panel When an ADInstruments program opens the status indicator flashes briefly and then remains green indicating that the program has found the front end checked and selected it and it is ready for use If it do...

Страница 20: ... Signal Output Socket The BNC socket labelled Signal Output on the back panel provides the signal output to connect to an analog input socket on the front of the PowerLab A BNC to BNC cable is supplied for this connection Connecting to the PowerLab To connect a front end such as your GSR Amp to the PowerLab first ensure that the PowerLab is turned off Failure to do this may damage the PowerLab the...

Страница 21: ... cable as in Figure 8 3 The remainder are daisy chained via I2 C cables connecting the I2 C output of the last connected front end to the I2 C input of the front end to be added see Figure 2 2 on page 11 Using LabChart Once the GSR Amp is connected turn the PowerLab on and launch LabChart When a GSR Amp is properly connected to the PowerLab the Input Amplifier menu command is replaced by GSR Amp f...

Страница 22: ... can see the effects of changing the settings The GSR Amp is pre calibrated and measures skin conductivity directly in µS microsiemens Once the GSR Amp is zeroed and settings have been changed click OK to apply them Signal Display The input signal is displayed so you can see the effect of changing the settings no data are recorded while you adjust the settings The average signal value is shown abo...

Страница 23: ...it must be zeroed this is a two stage process A note next to the zeroing buttons indicates its status If you try to start sampling before the GSR Amp has been zeroed you will receive an alert and the GSR Amp dialog will appear at which stage the system must be zeroed To zero the GSR Amp first perform an open circuit zero by connecting up the cables and electrodes to the front end without connectin...

Страница 24: ...the toes have the highest concentrations of these sweat glands at least 2000 per cm2 about ten times higher than elsewhere and so provide the best places to measure GSR The latest recommendations for the preparation of skin are described in Boucsein et al 2012 Skin preparation should consist of washing the hands without soap it can cause swelling of the epidermis followed by rinsing and thorough d...

Страница 25: ...whole response may take up to 40 seconds although the decay phase is highly dependent on the subject The response is not fast so a recording speed of 4 samples per second is adequate for most purposes Good stimuli for evoking the response include a sudden loud noise as shown in Figure 8 7 or a full inhalation two second breath hold then full exhalation Figure 3 6 Connecting the electrodes to the s...

Страница 26: ...uitry to guarantee subject safety measurement of the Féré effect a general measure of autonomic nervous system activity directly in SI conductance units siemens low constant voltage AC excitation 22 mVrms 75 Hz allows enhanced safety and the use of dry electrodes with no special electrolytes needed measurement of absolute conductivity up to 100 µS microsiemens The internal functions of the GSR Amp...

Страница 27: ...es the signal with the output of the 12 bit digital to analog converter DAC The DAC provides an exact offset voltage for zeroing and offsetting of the synchronously demodulated and filtered signal This ensures maximum signal to noise ratio good zeroing resolution and maximum resolution in the displayed signal The DAC removes the constant baseline allowing just the fluctuations to be observed The c...

Страница 28: ...tact your ADInstruments representative to arrange for repairs On starting up the software an alert indicates that there is a problem with the front end or driver The correct BP GSR drivers are not installed on your computer Reinstall the software You are using an early version of LabChart Upgrade to the latest version of the software Contact your ADInstruments representative for information The BN...

Страница 29: ...2006 Standard Configuration Transformer isolation AC bridge operation Isolation rating 4000 V ACrms for 1 minute Input ranges 1 40 µS full scale in 6 steps combined PowerLab and GSR Amp 0 40 µS 0 20 µS 0 10 µS 0 4 µS 0 2 µS 0 1 µS Frequency response 3 dB at 1 Hz Accuracy 5 Input leakage current 3 µArms at 240 V 50 Hz 2 µArms at 120 V 60 Hz Zeroing and offset Automatic software controlled fast zero...

Страница 30: ...on Dimensions h w d 55 mm 120 mm 260 mm 2 2 4 7 10 2 Weight 1 2 kg 2 lb 10 oz Power requirements 2 5 W max Operating conditions 5 35 C 0 90 humidity non condensing ADInstruments reserves the right to alter these specifications at any time ...

Страница 31: ...wever as further noted below ADI will pass through to Purchaser all applicable third party warranties to the extent it has the right to do so ADI Product Hardware Warranty ADI warrants that PowerLab Data Acquisition Units PL prefix 1 and Front ends FEprefix 2 shall be free from defects in materials and workmanship for five 5 years from the date of purchase Other PowerLab Data Acquisition Units3 Fr...

Страница 32: ...manufactured products covered by one 1 year warranty 6 Specialized Data Recorders Metabolic Systems e g ML240 PowerLab 8M Metabolic System 7 Instruments Blood FlowMeter Gas Analyzers NIBP System excluding transducers STH Pump Controller Third Party Products Including Transducers Products not manufactured by ADI are covered by the manufacturer s warranty Accessories and Consumables Accessories and ...

Страница 33: ...ARE OR EQUIPMENT WILL MEET YOUR REQUIREMENTS UNDER NO CIRCUMSTANCES AND UNDER NO LEGAL THEORY WHETHER INTORT CONTRACT OROTHERWISE SHALLADIORITSSUPPLIERSBELIABLETOPURCHASEROR TO ANY OTHER PERSON FOR LOSS OF PROFITS LOSS OF GOODWILL OR ANY INDIRECT SPECIAL INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR DAMAGES FOR GROSS NEGLIGENCE OF ANY CHARACTER INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION DAMAGES FOR LOSS OF GOODWILL WO...

Страница 34: ...w ADInstruments com Copyright ADInstruments Pty Ltd 2000 2018 All rights reserved PowerLab MacLab LabChart LabTutor and LabAuthor are registered trademarks of ADInstruments Pty Ltd Chart and Scope application programs LabTutor Server and LabTutor Online are trademarks of ADInstruments Pty Ltd The names of specific recording units such as PowerLab 16 35 are trademarks of ADInstruments Pty Ltd Windo...

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