Cross FM knob, jack, and switch
The
Cross FM
feature controls how much the oscillators modulate the frequency (FM) of each other.
When the knob is fully down, there is no modulation. As the knob is turned up, complex sets of
harmonics arise. Since the oscillators are related to each other in frequency (due to being quantized to
the selected scale), the particular type of FM sounds created by this feature are often sonically
interesting.
The
Cross FM
switch controls the “FM algorithm”, i.e. which oscillator(s) modulate which.
There are three positions:
•
Up
: The lowest (root) oscillator modulates all the other oscillators (1
→
2, 1
→
3, 1
→
4, etc.)
•
All
: Each oscillator modulates the next higher oscillator (1
→
2, 2
→
3, 3
→
4, etc.)
•
Down:
The highest oscillator modulates all the other oscillators (16
→
1, 16
→
2, 16
→
3, etc.)
The
Cross FM
jack responds to voltages from -5V to +5V. Negative voltages reduce the amount of
effect and positive voltages increase the amount of effect, with respect to the knob position.
Twist knob, jack, and switch
The
Twist
feature distorts the time base of each oscillator’s period from a pure sine wave to a more
complex waveshape, a process known as
phase-shaping
. A simple way to hear (or see, if you have an
oscilloscope) the effect of
Twist
is to listen to just one oscillator by turning
Balance
all the way down as
you play with the
Twist
knob and switch.
With the knob all the way down, no distortion is applied and the base waveform is a sine wave
(assuming no other wave-folding or modulation is present). As you turn the knob up, the sine wave
morphs into another waveform, depending on the position of the
Twist
switch:
•
Ramp
: morphs the phase to an increasingly steep sawtooth, and beyond
•
Pulsar
: compresses the phase of the sine wave to create narrow “pulses”
•
Crush:
bit-crushes the oscillator phase
The
Twist
jack responds to voltages from -5V to +5V. Negative voltages reduce the amount of effect
and positive voltages increase the amount of effect, with respect to the knob position.
Warp knob, jack, and switch
The
Warp
feature applies different types of wave-folding to the twisted wave, all of which modify the
harmonic content in different ways. A simple way to hear the effect of
Warp
is to listen to just one
oscillator by turning
Balance
,
Cross FM
and
Twist
all the way down while you play with the
Warp
knob
and switch.
With the knob all the way down, no wave-folding is applied and the base waveform is a sine wave
(assuming no other distortion or modulation is present). As you turn the knob up, more wave-folding is
applied.
The
Warp
switch selects one of three types of wave-shaping:
•
Fold:
wave-folding inspired by analog wave-folders (maximum six folds)
•
Cheb:
Chebyshev polynomial-based wave-folding (maximum 16th order)
•
Segment
: linear (triangle-wave) based wave-shaper (8 different shapes)
The
Warp
jack responds to voltages from -5V to +5V. Negative voltages reduce the amount of effect
and positive voltages increase the amount of effect, with respect to the knob position.
Detune knob
The
Detune
knob adjusts how much the oscillators are detuned after they’ve been quantized. It’s easy
to create beat frequencies and/or dissonance with this feature. Using the stereo outputs with a small
amount of
detuning
can create a lush stereo field.
Page of
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Detune
Cross FM
Down
All
Up
Cross FM
Twist
Ramp
Pulsar
Crush
Twist
Warp
Fold
Cheb
Segment
Warp