eta HACK 20 Operation Download

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2017-01-30
EN
0000000294
V.003
2.38.0
3005, 3106
93526-001

Wood chip boiler

20 - 90 kW

Operation

Summary of Contents for HACK 20

Page 1: ...2017 01 30 EN 0000000294 V 003 2 38 0 3005 3106 93526 001 Wood chip boiler 20 90 kW Operation ...

Page 2: ...ETA Heiztechnik Gewerbepark 1 A 4716 Hofkirchen an der Trattnach Tel 43 0 7734 22 88 0 Fax 43 0 7734 22 88 22 info eta co at www eta co at ...

Page 3: ... 33 6 3 Buffer function block 36 6 3 1 Setting the buffer charging times 37 6 3 2 Buffer with solar heating system 37 6 3 3 Buffer as a combination tank 38 6 3 4 Text menu Adjustable parameters 40 6 4 Hot water tank function block 46 6 4 1 Setting the hot water charging times 47 6 4 2 Text menu Adjustable parameters 47 6 5 Fresh water module function block 50 6 5 1 Setting the hot water charging t...

Page 4: ... 2 Text menu Adjustable parameters 71 6 10 Heating pipeline function block 72 6 11 Function block special conveyor and external conveyor 74 6 11 1 Intermediate conveyor screw 74 6 11 2 Double agitator 74 6 12 Agitator function block 76 7 Filling the storage room 77 8 Rectifying problems 78 9 Information on fuel 80 9 1 Suitable fuels 80 9 2 Moist fuel 81 9 3 Drying and chopping wood chips 81 9 4 Wa...

Page 5: ...bles you to operate your ETA boiler remotely via your own network VNC Viewer or the internet www meinETA at using a PC smartphone or tablet as though you were standing right in front of the ETAtouch control system of your ETA boiler A LAN cable is required for the connection from the ETAtouch control system to the internet modem Details for the remote control can be found in the manual Communicati...

Page 6: ...tilised with potassium chloride is prohibited Ensure supply air is free from aggressive substances The air supplied to the boiler must be free from aggressive substances such as chlorine and fluorine from solvents cleaning agents adhesives and propel lants or ammonia from cleaning agents to prevent corrosion of the boiler and chimney Permissible water hardness Water is the intended heat transfer m...

Page 7: ...r installation according to the corresponding installation instructions and the relevant rules and safety regulations If you as customer have installed the heating system partly or entirely without relevant training and in particular without up to date practical experience without having the installation checked by a trained and responsible expert we exclude defects in our delivery and conse quent...

Page 8: ...ed to a heavy load and the spring arms are pressed against the agitator plate reducing the force needed to turn the agitator and thus the electricity consumption As the storage room empties the spring arms extend toward the wall and clear out the bunker Floor agitator must turn during filling To prevent the spring arms from being stuck in an extended position under the pile of wood chips the floor...

Page 9: ... by pauses in combustion To avoid a build up of smouldering tar in the boiler and chimney during these pauses the fire undergoes a controlled burnout Closing the primary and secondary air flaps ensures that no air can flow through the boiler in standby thus preventing unused heat from being drawn into the flue Optimum fuel efficiency with lambda control Gasification of the wood output can be contr...

Page 10: ...oom visible and easily accessible Fig 3 1 Fire extinguisher In Germany and Switzerland fire extinguishers are not required for heating systems in private residences In spite of this we recommend having one in the house Storage of ash The ash must be kept in non flammable containers with covers for cooling Never put hot ash into the waste bin 3 2 Safety devices Pump safety run automatic heat dissip...

Page 11: ...re of 105 C tolerance 100 to 106 C is reached the power supply to the draught fan and the fuel intake is interrupted If the boiler temperature decreases below 70 C again the safety temperature limiter can be manually released for a restart of the boiler Install safety valve against overpressure A safety valve with 3 bar opening pressure must be installed on the boiler Every heat producer in a heat...

Page 12: ...consistent downhill gradient and be routed to a sewer connection The vent pipe may contain a maximum of 2 bends and be 2 m long If a length of more than 2 m is required the next size of pipe must be selected More than 3 bends and 4 m of length are not permitted The mouth of the vent pipe must allow easy inspection and be routed such as to exclude any danger to persons If the vent pipe ends above a...

Page 13: ...l sensor and fix it in place with the screw Enable flue gas recirculation for pellets and miscanthus For very dry fuels such as pellets carpentry waste miscanthus or wood chips with water content under 15 the optional flue gas recirculation is needed in order to lower the combustion temperature Flue gas recirculation must be enabled for the fuels mentioned above This is done by removing the shut o...

Page 14: ...erature As a result the ash melting point of the fuel is no longer reached greatly reducing the formation of slag Causes of slag The causes of slag can be divided into the following categories Characteristics of the fuel Wood chips and miscanthus containing a high level of ash contaminants soil sand stones a high proportion of bark or leaves and needles Pellets and bark pellets that contain a high...

Page 15: ...Changing the fuel Settings 15 4 2 Settings ...

Page 16: ...6 kg 25 kg 6 kg 12 kg 6 kg 1 kg 1 kg De ash after max 60 kg 45 kg 50 kg 25 kg 50 kg 25 kg 50 kg 25 kg 50 kg 25 kg 10 kg 8 kg De ashing interval boiler without buffer storage tank Software parameters De ash after min 35 kg 25 kg 25 kg 12 kg 25 kg 12 kg 25 kg 20 kg 25 kg 12 kg 3 kg 3 kg De ash after max 60 kg 45 kg 50 kg 25 kg 50 kg 25 kg 50 kg 25 kg 50 kg 25 kg 10 kg 8 kg Boiler with flue gas recir...

Page 17: ...kg 35 kg 9 kg 17 kg 9 kg 2 kg 2 kg De ash after max 120 kg 90 kg 65 kg 33 kg 65 kg 33 kg 65 kg 33 kg 65 kg 33 kg 15 kg 12 kg De ashing interval boiler without buffer storage tank Software parameters De ash after min 80 kg 57 kg 35 kg 18 kg 35 kg 18 kg 35 kg 28 kg 35 kg 18 kg 5 kg 5 kg De ash after max 120 kg 90 kg 65 kg 33 kg 65 kg 33 kg 65 kg 33 kg 65 kg 33 kg 15 kg 12 kg Boiler with flue gas rec...

Page 18: ...t be steeper than 45 To remove this ash initiate boiler de ashing by pressing the De ash button Empty the ash box inspect the seals By knocking on the vertical wall of the ash box you can also check the ash level without opening the box A full ash box makes a short dull thump When empty it makes a hollower sound like a drum Open both lateral fasteners by pressing their safety catches in the direct...

Page 19: ...ity of the ash box seals on the boiler replace them if necessary Fig 5 4 Seal Attaching the ash box to the boiler Reattach the cover of the ash box and secure with the fasteners Push the ash box over the connection on the boiler and attach it to the boiler with the fasteners Switching on the boiler Switch the boiler back on with the On Off switch ...

Page 20: ...g circuit are shown in the control system as function blocks These are listed in the uppermost row on the screen The respective user interface is opened with a single tap of the finger Fig 6 1 ETAtouch control system function blocks 1 Currently selected function block 2 Other function blocks e g hot water tank heating circuit solar heating system 3 Scroll to other function blocks displayed if not ...

Page 21: ...can be found in chapter 6 1 5 Inputs and outputs Any hints errors or faults are displayed in the messages menu see chapter 6 1 4 Messages 6 1 1 User interface The user interface The user interface is always displayed by default If you are in a different view switch to the user view by tapping the symbol upper left and then selecting In the user interface you can set the most important and common s...

Page 22: ...tton Resetting to factory settings is done by pressing the Factory settings button To cancel and close the window tap the arrow on the left side of the screen Only modify parameters whose function you re familiar with Before making any changes read the relevant section of the user manual or configura tion manual or open the integrated help feature If you cannot find sufficient information about a ...

Page 23: ... the screen Fig 6 9 Symbols when an error occurs Types of errors and their meaning Notification A notification does not interrupt operation and therefore no acknowledgement is required Notifi cations inform the user for example that pump anti blocking protection has been activated Warning A warning is displayed on failure of a function which is not absolutely essential for continued operation It c...

Page 24: ...al components of the selected function block are displayed in the inputs and outputs menu e g pumps temperature sensors and mixers When authorization is given the terminal assignment can be changed Also manual mode for e g a pump or a mixer is possible Below is an example of the function block of the heating circuit To view the terminal assignment first select the heating circuit To access the inp...

Page 25: ...configuration menu To close the system settings simply tap the symbol again 6 1 6 2 Setting the language Change the language using the ETAtouch control system The language used can be changed using the ETAtouch control system For this open the system preferences and tap the Language symbol A settings window appears Fig 6 16 Setting the language Select the desired language Following this the ETAtou...

Page 26: ...nge the name tap on the Change name symbol An on screen keyboard appears in order to enter the new name Fig 6 20 On screen keyboard Press the Save button to save To cancel close the window using the arrow on the left side 6 1 6 5 Switch between function blocks The principle of producers and consumers In the user interface the producer of the function block and if present also the consumer s are di...

Page 27: ...cers and consumers vary between the function blocks 6 1 6 6 Setting a time window Setting the charging and operation times In some function blocks the time window for charging the tank for example the buffer and hot water tank or the operating times for example for the heating circuit are set This time window must be created in the settings of the respective function block Subsequently the setting...

Page 28: ...rge time In each field use the arrow keys to set the time and temperature Fig 6 26 Setting time slot and temperature In this example the hot water is charged between 08 00 a m and 8 00 p m to 55 C 2 If an additional time window is necessary add it using the button Adjust as described above A maximum of 3 time windows can be set To delete an unnecessary time window press the button in the selected ...

Page 29: ...ek to copy this is framed and then press the Copy selected day button Fig 6 29 Overview 3 Now select the days of the week for which the time window is to be copied In this example Saturday and Sunday Fig 6 30 Select days of the week Pressing the Mark all days button marks all days 4 Press the Save button to save The overview will be updated accordingly Close the window using the arrow on the left ...

Page 30: ...s the boiler s control system via your home network with a free VNC Viewer To see how remote operation of your boiler works please visit www meinETA at Enter access data for the boiler remote control After receiving your login information after registering on www meinETA at enter it on the control panel in the meinETA Access menu This enables access to remote control of the boiler To enter the log...

Page 31: ... displayed on the platform www meinETA at Establish a meinETA connection Permit or block remote control via the platform www meinETA at If this option is turned off the remote control is also switched off and therefore the boiler is not visible on www meinETA at The symbol of the remote control changes to Full access Thus access is cut off remotely but the control system still remains visible on w...

Page 32: ...e heating mode starts auto matically Once the heat is delivered to the consumer a yellow line appears beside the flow temperature and the symbol of the consumer in the overview If there is no heat demand the heating operation is completed upon burnout The operating condition changes to Ember burnout and then back to standby Boiler de ashing takes place automatically within an adjustable interval S...

Page 33: ... text menu for these parameters Adjustable parameters Detailed descriptions of the parameters are provided below 6 2 2 1 Fuel Explanation of Fuel This parameter sets the type of fuel used The control system contains appropriate values for each type of fuel to ensure optimum combustion and de ashing The parameter can be found under If the fuel is set to Pellets or Miscanthus the setting for flue ga...

Page 34: ...ime is set with the Begin idle time WT cleaning parameter The idle time should be kept as short as possible The parameters can be found under 6 2 2 5 Empty ash box after Explanation of Empty ash box after This parameter is used to set the amount of fuel to be consumed before a reminder to empty the ash box is displayed on the screen If the value is set to 0 kg this reminder will not appear The par...

Page 35: ...ETAtouch controller Boiler function block HACK 35 ...

Page 36: ...t has been exceeded in the upper part of the buffer and the adjustable shutdown temperature Buffer bottom off is reached in the lower part The operating mode then changes to Charged If within the loading times there is no heat demand from the consumer the buffer is charged only to the adjustable minimum temperature Buffer top min The consumers connected to the buffer for example heating circuit or...

Page 37: ...r 6 1 6 6 Setting a time window 6 3 2 Buffer with solar heating system Buffer with solar heating system The control principles of the solar heating system and the different variations are described in chapter 6 7 Solar function block In the overview of the buffer the solar heating system appears as another producer for the buffer Fig 6 37 Solar heating system on buffer 1 Currently the buffer is ch...

Page 38: ... 1 Setting the hot water charging times The configurable Switch on diff parameter addition ally allows you to determine how far the hot water temperature can drop before the hot water tank again demands heat from the buffer see 6 3 4 12 Switch on diff Load immediately button This button causes the hot water to be charged to the highest set temperature of all time slots and days of the week if the ...

Page 39: ...e week 3 Add another time window 4 Graphical representation of the time window setting 5 Overview of all time windows for the entire week 6 Delete time window 7 Adjustable hot water temperature within the time window 8 Period of the time window 9 Set back temperature of the hot water outside the time window Setting the time window and copying to other days of the week is described in chapter 6 1 6...

Page 40: ...er value is required if peaks in output have to be covered or very fast heat availability is needed The parameter can be found under 6 3 4 2 Buffer bottom off Explanation of Buffer bottom off This parameter ends charging of the buffer storage tank by the boiler As soon as the Buffer bottom temperature sensor in the buffer storage tank has exceeded the configured Buffer bottom off tempera ture char...

Page 41: ...set the function with the Activate parameter set to Yes this buffer takes up the solar excess This buffer is then charged up to the configured maximum temperature until buffer max The parameter can be found under 6 3 4 5 Priority of the upper and lower sections Explanation of Priority Optional only with solar heating system and buffer with 2 internal coils This parameter sets the priority of the t...

Page 42: ...ler may start beforehand in order to charge the heating circuit or hot water tank During the configured times for solar priority it may happen that the heating circuits or the hot water are not supplied with sufficient heat The parameters for setting the 2 time windows are in Set the start of solar priority before the first time window of the heating circuit and hot water tank Otherwise the boiler...

Page 43: ... 5 C to 8 C if the amount of hot water is insufficient The parameter can be found under 6 3 4 13 Circulation runtime Optional only for combination tank with circulation pump Explanation of Circulation runtime Optional Only with circulation pump This parameter sets the duration for operation of the circulation pump after it has been started This period is only valid inside the set time slot After t...

Page 44: ...44 www eta co at Buffer function block ETAtouch controller The parameter can be found under Hot water tank Circulation Enable circulation ...

Page 45: ...ETAtouch controller Buffer function block 45 ...

Page 46: ...emperature of all time slots and days of the week if the current temperature has dropped below Switch on diff ignoring the current time slot When active the button is highlighted in yellow Mode of operation In the settings menu button the time window for charging the hot water and the desired hot water temperature can be set See chapter 6 4 1 Setting the hot water charging times Within the chargin...

Page 47: ...nly used parameters can be found in the settings Commonly used parameters can be found in the function block settings button There the parameters are identified by the symbol and can be adjusted by tapping This saves you having to search through the text menu for these parameters Adjustable parameters Detailed descriptions of the parameters are provided below 6 4 2 1 Switch on diff Explanation of ...

Page 48: ...veral tanks This parameter sets the priority for solar charging of the hot water tank A high priority means that this tank will be charged by the solar heating system first A low priority means that it will be charged last The parameter can be found under 6 4 2 5 Circulation runtime Explanation of Circulation runtime Optional Only with circulation pump This parameter sets the duration for operatio...

Page 49: ...ETAtouch controller Hot water tank function block 49 ...

Page 50: ...ferent time windows and hot water temperatures can be set See chapter 6 5 1 Setting the hot water charging times Inside these time windows the upper part of the buffer is maintained at no lower than the configured hot water temperature Outside the set time windows the hot water is maintained at the lowest set temperature of the time windows provided that the accumulator tank is sufficiently hot If...

Page 51: ...descriptions of the parameters are provided below 6 5 2 1 Function Automatic venting Explanation of Automatic venting This function attempts to remove introduced air from the fresh water module automatically If the function is activated and the controller detects air intake both pumps are operated at full speed for a short period of time to remove the air from the fresh water module This can also ...

Page 52: ...time Optional Only with circulation pump This parameter sets the duration for operation of the circulation pump after it has been started This period is only valid inside the set time slot After the set period has expired the circulation pump is switched off for the configurable duration of the Circulation pause parameter The parameter can be found under 6 5 2 5 Circulation pause Explanation of Ci...

Page 53: ...ETAtouch controller Fresh water module function block 53 ...

Page 54: ...it is turned on heat is supplied on the basis of the time windows set The temperature is controlled with the heating curve see chapter 6 6 3 The heating curve the optional room sensor and the time window settings see chapter 6 6 2 Setting the heating time slots During a time window the heating circuit is in heating mode If a room sensor is installed this regulates the heating circuit so that the s...

Page 55: ... field is only displayed if a room sensor is installed for the heating circuit The arrows are used to set the required room tempera ture In heating mode an increase of 1 C causes the room temperatures of all time slots for all days of the week to increase by this value In reduced operation mode a reduction by 1 C causes the reduced temperature for all days of the week to decrease correspondingly 6...

Page 56: ...ue outside the time window If the room temperature is set too low there is a danger of freezing 6 6 3 The heating curve Description of the heating curve The heating curve regulates the flow temperature for the heating circuit Each heating circuit has its own heating curve as underfloor heating requires different settings from radiators The heating curve is adjusted in the settings of the heating c...

Page 57: ...determines the maximum flow temperature for the heating circuit to protect it from overheating The factory setting is 45 C for underfloor heating and 65 C for radiators When should the heating curve be adjusted If the rooms are not warming up you should check the following points first before changing the heating curve in the control system Cold rooms are often not only caused by an incorrectly se...

Page 58: ... heating times that are too short are the reason for insufficiently warm rooms Short heating times less than 5 hours continuous heating are particu larly ill advised for underfloor heating because such systems react very slowly Optimal operation is enabled with low feed tem peratures Flow at 10 C and Flow at 10 C for the heating curve and long continuous heating times 10 14 hours Thus the heat is ...

Page 59: ...reduce parameter Flow at 10 C if it is too warm or increase if it is too cold Fig 6 51 Adjust heating curve at outdoor temperatures above freezing At outdoor temperatures below freezing the rooms are always too hot or too cold 1 Only parameter Flow at 10 C is adjusted 2 Change the selector switch to the heating mode position Use the arrow keys to reduce parameter Flow at 10 C if it is too warm or ...

Page 60: ...cordingly the heating circuit will switch on only once the outside temperature falls below 16 C 18 C 2 C The heating limits are adjusted through the settings of the heating circuit button in the heating curve menu button Setting heating limits for heating mode 1 Change the selector switch to the heating mode position Use the arrow keys to reduce parameter Heating threshold so that the heating circ...

Page 61: ... access level is required to perform modifications The parameter can be found under 6 6 4 2 Switch on diff room and Switch off diff room Explanation of Switch on diff room and Switch off diff room Optional only for room sensor These parameters specify the allowed deviation of the set room temperature for switching the heating circuit on and off Example Room temperature setting 21 C Switch on diff ...

Page 62: ... tank Solar heating system with only one tank The solar heating system is controlled by switching the collector pump on and off This is switched on as soon as the collector has exceeded the minimum temperature Collector min and is warmer by the difference Switch on diff factory setting 7 C than the tank being charged Fig 6 56 Solar heating system connected to buffer The speed of the collector pump...

Page 63: ...for buffer with 2 internal coils Switching between two internal coils When switching between two internal coils charging is defined in two different areas of the buffer The purpose is to produce a sufficiently high temperature in the top part of the buffer so that the boiler does not have to start for hot water charging Fig 6 58 Solar heating system with switching between two coils at the buffer T...

Page 64: ...are not met 6 7 4 Solar heating system with external heat exchanger Solar heating system with external heat exchanger The control principle is the same as in a solar heating system with just one tank see chapter 6 7 1 Solar heating system with one tank The speed of the collector pump also controls the adjustable temperature difference Target collector diff between the collector and the tank Fig 6 ...

Page 65: ...that of a buffer with two internal coils The conditions for solar charging into the upper buffer coil are also the same They are described in chapter 6 7 3 Solar heating system for buffer with 2 internal coils The speed control of the secondary pump is identical to that of a solar heating system with an external heat exchanger see chapter Fig 6 60 Regulation principle The only difference is the sw...

Page 66: ...by the solar heating system the temperature of the solar panel Collector is compared with the buffer temperature Buffer bottom Solar If the hot water tank is being charged the Hot water tank bottom temperature is compared A high temperature difference results in a low speed of the solar pump This way a smaller quantity of water is conveyed through the solar panel The water remains in the solar pan...

Page 67: ...ETAtouch controller Solar function block 67 ...

Page 68: ...nd can supply the consumer e g buffer with heat at the same time as the main heat producer e g boiler In heating systems with a buffer the burner is only put into operation if the buffer requests a capacity that is higher than that of the ETA heating boiler For heating systems without a buffer the burner is only put into operation when the ETA heating boiler does not reach the required output The ...

Page 69: ... representation of the time window setting 5 Overview of all time windows for the entire week 6 Delete time window 7 Period of the time window Setting the time window and copying to other days of the week is described in chapter 6 1 6 6 Setting a time window 6 8 2 Text menu Adjustable parameters 6 8 2 1 Start lag Explanation of Start lag This parameter is used to set the duration of a delay in the...

Page 70: ...ntly no demand If it is closed heat is being demanded from the ETA heating system External heat demand function If the heat consumer is turned on heat is supplied on the basis of the set time windows In the settings menu button time windows and temperatures for the heat consumers are shown See chapter 6 9 1 Setting the charging times Within the time slots the external heat consumer can demand heat...

Page 71: ...rs 6 9 2 1 Enable temperature Explanation of Enable temperature This parameter is used to set the minimum temperature of the heating system for starting the charging pump of the external heat consumer The parameter can be found under 6 9 2 2 Frost protection Explanation of Frost protection This parameter is used to set the freeze protection limit for the consumer controlled with the external heat ...

Page 72: ...ontrol system If the outside temperature drops below the set frost protection limit factory set at 20 C the remote pump remains in operation until the outdoor temperature is at least 2 C higher than the set temperature Frost pro tection Transmission line as heat transfer station With the Transfer station option this function block can be used to control a heat transfer station in a local heating n...

Page 73: ...ETAtouch controller Heating pipeline function block 73 ...

Page 74: ...vailable as an option If the drop chute is filled with enough fuel the light barrier is interrupted and displayed in red If the light barrier is displayed in green there is no fuel or insuffi cient fuel in the drop chute 6 11 1 Intermediate conveyor screw Intermediate conveyor screw overview When several conveyor screws in series are used to transport fuel to the boiler they are referred to as int...

Page 75: ...oon as they begin to transport fuel They are displayed in grey when not in operation or when the screw is turning in reverse in order to remove a blockage A light barrier for the drop chute is supplied ex works for controlling the fuel conveying system For external conveying systems the light beam is available as an option If the drop chute is filled with enough fuel the light barrier is interrupt...

Page 76: ... by pressing the button 2 Producer for the agitator Displayed only when the agitator is filled by the conveying system 3 Light barrier only with optional Light barrier for fill level measure top or Light barrier for fill level measure bottom 4 Empty button for emptying the agitator The button is displayed only when the optional light barrier is installed 5 Agitator On Off switch enabled switched o...

Page 77: ...ow From this menu set the fill floor agitator function to Yes This results in the boiler starting up for 30 minutes and the rotation of the floor agitator After filling switch the boiler back to normal mode In doing so reset the fill floor agitator function to No If this is not done the boiler will automatically switch back to normal mode after some time Start filling in the centre Start filling t...

Page 78: ... eliminating blockage 1 Drop chute maintenance cover 2 Rotary valve maintenance cover 3 Safety switch for rotary valve maintenance cover 4 Drop chute safety switch After removing the blockage replace the covers and switch the boiler back on with the mains switch Ash screw jammed If the ash screw is stuck a corresponding warning will be displayed on the screen The most common cause of a blockage is...

Page 79: ...w is jammed or the foreign body cannot be removed the ash screw must be removed 1 End the boiler s heating mode with the On Off switch in the boiler overview window As soon as the Switched off operating condition is displayed switch off the boiler with the mains switch 2 Detach the ash box from the boiler and remove the M8 screw that secures the ash screw Fig 8 3 Removing the screw 3 The ash screw...

Page 80: ...od is on offer it may be rotten with no heating value only buy waste wood by weight and with limited water content 25 maximum Also ensure that the wood contains no contaminants The applicable laws only allow the use of untreated wood without foreign substances for heating purposes Wood processing facilities may burn chipboard if it contains no halogens or wood preservatives Binding agents containi...

Page 81: ...sionals who work daily with wood chips only trust the oven test for measurements of the exact water content there is still a very simple way to distinguish moist from dry Chips that feel dry in the hand have a water content below 25 and can be stored without problems If they feel wet the water content is sure to be above 35 If the wood chips are dark brown light and already crumbly then you are ho...

Page 82: ...without delimbing and chopped as entire trees in summer Leave green branches in the forest as nutrients Leave green branches and treetops in the forest as fuel they are only air and water As valuable nutrients they should remain in the forest 9 4 Water content Using an oven to determine water content A kilogram of wood chips is spread out on a baking sheet and dried in an oven for 6 to 12 hours at...

Page 83: ...e they cause increased wear in the fuel conve ying system Judging quality when buying in loose cubic metres Criterion Comments Effect on energy content per loose cubic metre Water content The lower the water content the higher the heating value In addition under a water content of 25 the wood shrinks So a cubic metre with 20 water content contains approx 3 more wood than a cubic metre wi th 30 wat...

Page 84: ...as no effect on the heating value per kilogram Kind of wood Heavy hardwood when dried has about 5 less heating value than softwood and about 6 less when moist Light hardwood when dried has 6 less heating value than softwood and 7 less when moist Softwood Hardwood 0 5 to 7 Bark content The bark content has little influence on the heating value per ki logram but a high bark content means a higher as...

Page 85: ...ion process to the point of total loss of heating value Wood shavings The heating value per cubic metre varies widely and is around 30 to 60 less than that of wood chips with 30 water content from the same wood Since wood shavings are usually air dried 15 to 20 water content they are best bought by weight Wood chips from some types of hardwood cause rapid wear on the combustion chamber s fire clay...

Page 86: ...4 27 3 39 1660 1520 1430 1310 239 275 1020 930 199 229 850 780 Hardwood 1 rm 0 59 fm c 1 rm 0 50 fm c 1 srm 0 40 fm c 1 rm 0 33 fm c Poplar 3 99 3 16 1020 930 870 790 174 200 690 630 145 167 580 530 Willow 3 76 2 97 1200 1100 1020 930 217 250 810 740 181 208 680 620 Alder 4 06 3 23 1270 1160 1080 990 212 245 860 790 177 204 720 660 Maple 4 04 3 21 1550 1420 1310 1200 260 300 1050 960 217 250 880 8...

Page 87: ...m Setting the duration of the emission measurement The duration of the emission measurement is factory set to 45 minutes If necessary this can be increased with the Service access level To do so switch to the text menu of the boiler You can adjust the duration as follows Prepare and perform emissions measurement 1 The boiler must be switched on with the On Off switch In the boiler overview press t...

Page 88: ...e carried out during this period Fig 10 3 Countdown 5 Switch the boiler back to normal mode after the emission measurement To do this press the Deactivate measurement button in the settings window If you do not press this button the boiler will automatically switch back to normal mode after some time ...

Page 89: ...tions In practice the ash content of the fuel has proven to be a good indicator of the percentage of aerosol formers In order to operate the system with the lowest possible dust emissions a properly maintained condition as well as high quality fuels with the lowest possible ash content barks impurities leaves needles are indis pensable The Clean Air Act 1993 and Smoke Control Areas Under the Clean...

Page 90: ...y non corroding pH value of around 8 pH value between 8 and 9 may require dosing with trisodium phosphate If the heating water s pH value has not itself changed to more than 8 after a week of operation increase it by adding 10 g m of trisodium phosphate Na3PO4 or 25 g m of trisodium phosphate dodecahydrate Na3 PO4 12H2O Wait another 2 4 weeks before making further corrections The pH value must not...

Page 91: ...he system is filled with large amounts of water exactly the same agent must be used again Mixing with other water additives or with antifreeze can result in corrosion 12 2 Refilling Fill up heating water If water refilling in the heating system is required for example to adjust the pressure the same water as used during initial filling should be used wherever possible If only a small amount of wat...

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