www.znshinesolar.com
Document No.
：
QES/ZX-RD-III032A
- 22
Pay attention to the direction of the wire when installing the modules. It should be connected along the wire
direction to avoid bending the wire.
2
、
Electrical Connection
The Direct Current (DC) generated by the PV system can be converted to Alternating Current (AC) and
connected to the public power grid. Different regions may have different policies, laws and regulations to stipulate
the installation and grid-connection requirements of PV systems. Therefore, during the design, installation and
grid-connection of PV system, please comply with the local policies, laws and regulations.
PV modules can obtain different current and voltage outputs through series connection and parallel
connection. Read this installation manual carefully before electrical connection and installation. Please design and
connect according to the current and voltage required by customers. Before connection, please ensure that the
connection part is free from corrosion, and keep it clean and dry.
Different types of modules cannot be connected in series. Modules connected in series should ensure the
consistency of their current. The voltage of the module string should not exceed the allowable system voltage
value, which can be found on the nameplate or datasheet of the module.
ZNSHINE SOLAR modules are provided with stranded copper cables with a cross sectional area of 4mm²
which are UV resistant. All other cables used to connect the DC system should have a similar (or better)
specification.
The maximum number of modules in series depends on the system design, the type of converter used and
the environmental conditions. In general, the maximum number (N) of PV modules in series can be calculated by
dividing the maximum system voltage by the open circuit voltage of the relevant solar PV modules. When
designing the solar PV system, it is necessary to take into account the characteristic that the voltage of the solar
PV module changes with the temperature. Considering the voltage increase caused by temperature drop in
extreme environment in winter, the maximum series connection number of solar PV modules can be calculated by
the following formula.
Table 5-4 maximum series connection number calculation
Formula
Maximum system voltage V
≥
N
*
V
oc
*
[1+β
*
(T
min
-
25)]
V
Maximum system voltage
N
The number of maximum solar PV modules in series
V
oc
The open circuit voltage of each module (see product label or datasheet)
β
Temperature coefficient of open circuit voltage of the module (refer to datasheet)
T
min
The lowest ambient temperature at installation site
If the modules are allowed to be installed in parallel electrically, each module (or series string of modules so
connected) shall be provided with the maximum series fuse as specified. For applications requiring high currents,
several photovoltaic modules can be connected in parallel; the total current is equal to the sum of individual
currents, each module (or series string of modules so connected) shall be provided with the maximum series fuse
as specified. The recommended number of module in parallel is only one. The modules’ electrical performance in
a system is the same. When connected in series, all modules must have the same amperage. When connected in
parallel, the modules must all have the same voltage. Connect the quantity of modules that match the voltage
specifications of the devices used in the system. The modules must not be connected together to create a voltage
that is higher than the permitted system voltage.
Product can be irreparably damaged if an array string is connected in reverse polarity to another. Always
verify the voltage and polarity of each individual string before making a parallel connection. If you measure a
reversed polarity or a difference of more than 10V between strings then check the string configuration before
making the connection.
Before wiring the module, ensure that the contact points are corrosion resistant, clean and dry; If a string of
modules is reversed, irreparable damage can be caused.
Each ZNSHINE SOLAR PV module has two PV cables which can withstand 85
℃
temperature and they are
sunlight resistant(UV). The cross-sectional area of the cable is 4mm² or 12AWG, and the external diameter is
5mm
～
7mm. The minimum bending radius of the cables must be 43mm. Any cable damage caused by bending
too much or cable management system is not covered under ZNSHINE SOLAR’s warranty. Plug & Play
connectors are included at the end of each cable. All other cables used to connect the direct current system shall
