Yuasa SmartShot Automatic 12V 1.5 Amp 5 Stage, Technical Manual

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Short Circuit Current
The current
that flows when the two terminals of a
cell or battery are inadvertently con-
nected to each other.
Side Terminal
SLI battery design
with two through-the-container current
connections on one side instead of two
posts on top.
SLI Battery A battery for automotive
use in starting, lighting and ignition.
Sliver, Slyver
Extremely fine paral-
lel glass fibers used in retainers next to
positive plates to retard shedding.
Smelting
The primary process for
recovering lead and antimony from
scrapped batteries and scrap from bat-
tery manufacture.
Soaking A manufacturing process
following pasting that soaks certain
types of lead plates in sulfuric acid.
This provides a protective surface and
also sulfate helpful in container and
tank formation.
Soda Ash
Sodium Carbonate
(Na
2
CO
3
) used in neutralizing sulfuric
acid in spills or effluents.
Spalling
Shedding of active material,
usually from positives, during formation
due to incomplete or improper plate
curing.
Sponge Lead (Pb) A porous mass
of lead crystals and the chief material
of a full-charged negative plate.
Stacking A cell assembly operation,
alternately piling plates and separators
in a burning box prior to attachment of
straps and posts.
Standard Battery Any of
Conventional, YuMicron or YuMicron CX
batteries consisting of flooded elec-
trolyte and cell accessible construction.
Standing Loss
Loss of charge by an
idle cell or battery, resulting from local
action.
Starting Rate
A beginning charg-
ing rate that does not produce gassing
or temperatures in excess of 110°F.
State of Charge
The amount of
electrochemical energy left in a cell or
battery.
Strap Precast or cast-on piece of
lead or lead alloy used to connect
plates into groups and to connect
groups to the post.
Strap Center
Spacing between cen-
ters of adjacent plates in a group.
Stratification
Layering of high spe-
cific gravity electrolyte in lower por-
tions of a cell, where it does not circu-
late normally and is of no use.
Sulfated A plate or cell whose
active materials contain an apprecia-
ble amount of lead sulfate.
Sulfation
Formation of lead sulfate
on a plate or cell as a result of dis-
charge, self-discharge or pickling.
Sulfuric Acid
(H
2
SO
4
) The princi-
pal acid compound of sulfur, sulfuric
acid in dilute and highly pure form is
the electrolyte of lead acid storage
cells.
Tack Burn A shallow burn used to
tack together two lead parts.
Tank Formation
Electrolytic pro-
cessing of plates prior to assembly in
large tanks of acid.
Temperature Correction
In stor-
age cells, specific gravity and charg-
ing voltage vary inversely with temper-
ature, while the open circuit voltage
varies directly though slightly with tem-
perature.
Terminals The points on a battery to
which the external circuit is connected.
Terminal Cable
A length of insulat-
ed cable, one end connected to the
battery terminal post, and the other fit-
ted with a plug, receptacle, lug or
other device for connection to an
external circuit.
Top Pour
A method of casting in
which molten metal is poured, usual-
ly by hand, into a top gated mold.
Treeing
Growth of a lead dendrite or
filament through a crack or hole of a
separator, short-circuiting the cell.
Trickle Charge
A low-rate contin-
uous charge approximately equal to
a battery’s internal losses and capa-
ble of maintaining the battery in a
fully-charged state.
TVR A temperature compensating
voltage relay used in charging
equipment.
Unformed A plate that has not
been electrolytically formed.
Useful Acid The acid above the
lower edges of the plates that takes
part in the discharge reactions that
occur within a cell.
Vent An opening that permits the
escape of gas from a cell or mold.
Vent Plug The seal for the vent
and filling well of a cell cover, con-
taining a small hole for escape of
gas.
Vent Well The hole or holes in a
cell cover that allow fluids to be
checked, electrolyte to be added,
and gas to escape. The vent plug fits
into the vent well.
Verticals
The members in a plate
grid.
Volt
The unit of measurement of
electromotive force, being the force
needed to send a current or one
ampere through a conductor with a
resistance of one ohm.
39
GLOSSARY