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Dyaco Canada Inc. 2020
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WARM UP
Every exercise program should start with a warmup where the body is prepared for the effort to
come. It should be gentle and preferably use the muscles to be involved later. Stretching
should be included in both your warmup and cool down and should be performed after 3-5
minutes of low intensity aerobic activity or callisthenic type exercise.
Warm Down or Cool Down
This involves a gradual decrease in the intensity of the exercise session. Following exercise, a
large supply of blood remains in the working muscles. If it is not returned promptly o the central
circulation, pooling of blood may occur in the muscles
Heart Rate
As you exercise, so the rate at which your heartbeat also increases. This is often used as a
measure of the required intensity of exercise. You need to exercise hard enough to condition
your circulatory system, and increase your pulse rate, but not enough to strain your heart.
Your initial level of fitness is important in developing an exercise program for you. If you are
starting off, you can get a good training effect with a heart rate of 110-120 beats per minute
(BPM). If you are fitter, you will need a higher threshold of stimulation.
To begin with, you should exercise at a level that elevates your heart rate to about 65 to 70%
of your maximum. If you find this is too easy, you may want to increase it, but it is better to
lean on the conservative side.
As a rule of thumb, the maximum heart rate is 220 minus your age. As you increase in age, so
your heart, like other muscles, loses some of its efficiency. Some of its natural loss is won
back as fitness improves.
The following table is a guide to those who are “starting fitness”.
Age
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
Target heart Rate
10 Second Count
23
22
22
21
20
19
19
18
18
Beats per Minute
138
132
132
126
120
114
114
108
108
Pulse Count
The pulse count (on your wrist or carotid artery in the neck, taken with two index fingers) is
done for ten seconds, taken a few seconds after you stop exercising. This is for two reasons:
(a) 10 seconds is long enough for accuracy, (b) the pulse count is to approximate your BPM
rate at the time you are exercising. Since heart rate slows as you recover, a longer count isn’t
as accurate.
The target is not a magic number, but a general guide. If you’re above average fitness, you
may work quite comfortably a little above that suggested for your age group.
The following table is a guide to those who are keeping fit. Here we are working at about 80%
of maximum.
Age
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
Target heart Rate
10 Second Count
26
26
25
24
23
22
22
21
20
Beats per Minute
156
156
150
144
138
132
132
126
120
Don’t push yourself too hard to reach the figures on this table. It can be very uncomfortable if you
overdo it. Let it happen naturally as you work through your program. Remember, the target is
a guide, not a rule, a little above or below is just fine.
Two final comments: (1) don’t be concerned with day to day variations in your pulse rate, being
under pressure or not enough sleep can affect it; (2) your pulse rate is a guide, don’t become a
slave to it.
