manualshive.com logo in svg

XONTEL S3200-FXS, User Manual

Share
Download
XONTEL S3200-FXS User Manual Download Page 4

 

4 

 

 

Contents 

About This Guide .......................................................................................................................................... 6

 

Getting Started .............................................................................................................................................. 7

 

Accessing Web GUI ...................................................................................................................................................... 7

 

Web Configuration Panel ............................................................................................................................................. 9

 

Making and Receiving Calls ........................................................................................................................................ 9

 

Basic Operations ......................................................................................................................................... 10

 

Voice Menu ................................................................................................................................................................... 10

 

Call Hold......................................................................................................................................................................... 11

 

Call Waiting ................................................................................................................................................................... 11

 

Call Transfer ................................................................................................................................................................. 11

 

Three-party Conference ............................................................................................................................................ 12

 

Direct IP Call ................................................................................................................................................................. 12

 

Change S3200-FXS Gateways IP Address Using Analog Phones .................................................................... 12

 

FXS Port Settings ....................................................................................................................................... 14

 

General Settings .......................................................................................................................................................... 14

 

Other Settings .............................................................................................................................................................. 16

 

Hunt Group ................................................................................................................................................................... 17

 

VoIP Settings ................................................................................................................................................ 20

 

VoIP Server Settings ................................................................................................................................................... 20

 

Dial Pattern Template ................................................................................................................................................. 22

 

SIP Settings .................................................................................................................................................................. 23

 

IAX Settings ................................................................................................................................................................... 29

 

Gateway Settings ........................................................................................................................................ 30

 

Basic Preferences ........................................................................................................................................................ 30

 

Feature Codes ............................................................................................................................................................. 31

 

Speed Dial ..................................................................................................................................................................... 33

 

Prompt Settings ........................................................................................................................................... 34

 

Custom Prompts ........................................................................................................................................................ 34

 

Music on Hold Prompts ............................................................................................................................................ 35

 

System Prompts ......................................................................................................................................................... 35

 

Advanced Settings...................................................................................................................................... 37

 

Distinctive Ringtones ................................................................................................................................................ 37

 

Tone Zone Settings .................................................................................................................................................... 37

 

RADIUS Settings ......................................................................................................................................................... 38

 

Network Preferences ................................................................................................................................. 40

 

LAN Settings ................................................................................................................................................................ 40

 

Service ........................................................................................................................................................................... 41

 

VLAN Settings ............................................................................................................................................................. 42

 

Summary of Contents for S3200-FXS

Page 1: ...S3200 FXS Gateway User Manual ...

Page 2: ...c or mechanical photocopying recording or otherwise for any purpose without the express written permission of XonTel Under the law reproducing includes translating into another language or format Declaration of Conformity Hereby XonTel declares that S3200 FXS Gateway is in conformity with the essential requirements and other relevant provisions of the CE FCC ...

Page 3: ... XonTel Shall not be liable for errors contained herein nor for incidental or consequential damages in connection with the furnishing performance or use of this guide WEEE Warning In accordance with the requirements of council directive 2002 96 EC on Waste of Electrical and Electronic Equipment WEEE ensure that at end of life you separate this product from other waste and scrap and deliver to the ...

Page 4: ...nalog Phones 12 FXS Port Settings 14 General Settings 14 Other Settings 16 Hunt Group 17 VoIP Settings 20 VoIP Server Settings 20 Dial Pattern Template 22 SIP Settings 23 IAX Settings 29 Gateway Settings 30 Basic Preferences 30 Feature Codes 31 Speed Dial 33 Prompt Settings 34 Custom Prompts 34 Music on Hold Prompts 35 System Prompts 35 Advanced Settings 37 Distinctive Ringtones 37 Tone Zone Setti...

Page 5: ...cates 52 Firewall Rules 53 IP Blacklist 55 System Preferences 57 Password Settings 57 Date and Time 57 Email Settings 58 Firmware Upgrade 60 Upgrade through HTTP 60 Upgrade through TFTP 61 Backup and Restore 62 Reset and Reboot 62 Status 64 FXS Port Status 64 Network status 65 System Info 65 Reports 66 Call Logs 66 System Logs 66 Packet Tool 67 Port Monitor Tool 68 ...

Page 6: ... manual will help you learn how to operate and manage your S3200 FXS Analog VoIP Gateway In this guide we describe every detail on the functionality and configuration of S3200 FXS We begin by assuming that you are interested in S3200 FXS and familiar with networking and other IT disciplines Safety when working with electricity Features Highlights 32 FXS ports Fully compliant with SIP and IAX2 Hunt...

Page 7: ...gs e g the IP address subnet mask default gateway address and DNS address by default Please enable DHCP Server in your network to obtain the XonTel S3200 FXS Gateway IP address How to check S3200 FXS Gateway IP address 1 Pick up the analog phone then access the voice menu prompt by dialing 2 Dial 1 to check the IP address 3 Dial 2 for web access address After entering the IP address in the web bro...

Page 8: ...8 Figure 2 1 S3200 FXS Gateway Login page ...

Page 9: ... Web GUI to make the changes take effect Making and Receiving Calls You will need an active VoIP account from a VoIP service provider or PBX which provides a VoIP telephone number to allow you to make and receive calls Making internal calls To place an internal call pick up the analog phone and dial the other port s caller ID number or dial 99 followed by the port number For example to reach the o...

Page 10: ... IP Address Voice Menu S3200 FXS Gateway provides a voice menu to guide you to configure the network settings for the device You need to press on the analog phone which is connected to S3200 FXS Gateways FXS port to enter the voice menu The default password to enter Advanced Settings is 123456 You can change the S3200 FXS Gateway password in Web page Gateway Gateway Settings Feature Codes Voice Me...

Page 11: ...ting is activated for the FXS port the FXS user who is in a call can hear a call waiting tone beep when there is a new incoming call The user can press hook flash to toggle between the active call and the incoming call Figure 3 2 Enable Call Waiting Call Transfer Blind transfer and attended transfer are supported on S3200 FXS Gateway Users can achieve call transfer by pressing the feature code dur...

Page 12: ... C 4 If there is no answer on C A can press flash key or tap hook flash to resume the call with A 5 C will be ejected if B presses flash key or taps flash hook during the conference call Direct IP Call Direct IP call allows two parties that is a FXS Port with an analog phone and another VoIP Device to talk to each other in an ad hoc fashion without a SIP proxy The default Direct IP Calling feature...

Page 13: ...t password is 123456 4 Press 2 to change the IP address 5 Press 2 to enable the static IP 6 Press 1 to change the IP address and follow by the new IP address 1192 168 10 125 7 Press 2 to change the subnet mask and follow by the new subnet mask 2255 255 255 0 8 Press 3 to change the gateway and follow by the new gateway 3192 168 10 1 9 Press 4 to change the DNS and followed by the new DNS 48 8 8 8 ...

Page 14: ...0 FXS Gateway go to Gateway Port List Port List page to configure the FXS ports General Settings Other Settings Hunt Group Click Edit button to configure the FXS port General Settings Figure 4 1 FXS Port General Settings Table 4 1 Description of FXS Port General Settings Description ...

Page 15: ...this feature is enabled the system will dial out the hotline number automatically after off hook Hotline Number Set the number to dial out automatically after off hook Delay Dial Define how long to make Hotline take effect after you pick up the phone Flash Send Hook Flash Event If the option Send Hook Flash Event is set to Yes when pressing the flash key on the analog phone during an active call T...

Page 16: ...he incoming calls to the account will be forwarded to different destinations Always always forward calls to the destination number No Answer forward calls when no one answers the call When Busy forward the call when the account is busy Features Call Waiting Check this option if the extension should have Call Waiting capability If this option is checked the When busy follow me options will not be a...

Page 17: ... should be checked MWI Settings Subscribe for MWI Message Waiting Indicator MWI refers to a special LED on the analog phone which indicates the voice mail status MWI Light Option There are three lighting methods supported on S3200 FXS Gateway neon FSK and Polarity Choose the lighting method according to your phone S3200 FXS Gateway will light the lamp up once receiving a new message the lamp will ...

Page 18: ... Me The hunt group will work when a call reaches the FXS port associated user which is busy or no answer Figure 4 3 Hunt Group Figure 4 4 Set Hount Group on FXS Port Page There are 3 strategies for hunt group on S3200 FXS Gateway Simultaneous All the FXS users will ring at the same time Circular In circular hunting the calls are processed round robin If a call is delivered to ...

Page 19: ...ne of the previous local users becomes free When the end of the hunting group is reached the hunting starts over at the first local users Linear Linear hunting is also referred to serial hunting In linear hunting calls are always delivered to the first FXS users unless it is busy then the second third and so on ...

Page 20: ...setting page There are 3 register modes for VoIP server Users could select one mode for the VoIP server and apply it to FXS ports Service Provider IP Based VoIP Provider do not generally require the S3200 FXS Gateway to register with the provider Only IP address or domain is needed to configure on S3200 FXS Gateway Note this is a peer to peer mode to connect VoIP server and S3200 FXS Gateway you a...

Page 21: ...ransport method used by the SIP Trunk This method is given by the SIP trunk provider The options are UDP default TCP and TLS Hostname IP VoIP server hostname or IP address 5060 is the standard port number used by SIP protocol Don t change this part if it is not required Domain VoIP server hostname An IP address also can be filled here Enable Outbound Proxy Server A proxy that receives requests fro...

Page 22: ...g call reaches S3200 FXS Gateway device and sends INVITE packet to S3200 FXS Gateway S3200 FXS Gateway responds 401 but the Realm info in 401 Response does not match the Realm set on S3200 FXS Gateway VoIP Server the provider will refuse to authenticate If you set this option to No TA will not reply a 401 Response to the provider to authenticate the incoming call DTMF Mode Set default mode for sen...

Page 23: ...to read tips Strip Allows the user to specify the number of digits that will be stripped from the front of the phone number before the call is placed Prepend The digits will be appended to the phone number before the call is placed DTMF Mode Set default mode for sending DTMF of this trunk Default setting rfc2833 Codec Define the codec for this sip trunk and its priority SIP Settings It is wise to ...

Page 24: ...rver s certificate It is No by default TLS Verify Client When using S3200 FXS Gateway as a TLS server whether or not to verify client s certificate It is No by default TLS Ignore Common Name Set this parameter as No then common name must be the same with IP or domain name TLS Client Method When using S3200 FXS Gateway as TLS client specify the protocol for outbound TLS connections You can select i...

Page 25: ...ng Channel Codec Priority Once enabled when dialing out via SIP SPS trunks the codec of calling channel will be selected preferentially If not S3200 FXS Gateway will follow the priority order in your SIP SPS trunks Video Support Support SIP video or no The default is yes Max Bit Rate Configure the max bit rate for video stream The default 384kb s DNS SRV Look Up Please enable this option when your...

Page 26: ...re as follows 192 168 0 0 255 255 0 0 All RFC 1918 addresses are local networks 10 0 0 0 255 0 0 0 Also RFC1918 172 16 0 0 12 Another RFC1918 with CIDR notation 169 254 0 0 255 255 0 0 Zero conf local network Please refer to RFC1918 for more information NAT Mode Global NAT configuration for the system the options for this setting are as follows Yes Use NAT Ignore address information in the SIP SDP...

Page 27: ...hers Figure 5 7 Response Code Note We don t recommend configuring this if you are not familiar with the code of call status from the VoIP server 5 T 38 Settings on this page is for the purpose of improving receiving and sending T 38 FAX Figure 5 8 T 38 Settings Table 5 6 Description of T 38 Settings Items Description Re invite SDP Not Add T 38 Attributes If set to Yes SDP in re invite packet will ...

Page 28: ...eader or not Default no Allow Guest Whether to allow anonymous registration extension or not Default no It s recommended that it is disabled for security reason Pedantic Enable pedantic parameter Default no Alwaysauthreject If enabled when S3200 FXS Gateway rejects Register or Invite packets S3200 FXS Gateway always respond the packets using SIP404 NOT FOUND It s recommended that it is enabled for...

Page 29: ...to another IAX server It s supported by the asterisk based IP PBX Figure 5 10 IAX Settings Table 5 8 Description of IAX Settings Items Description UDP Port Port used for IAX2 registrations Default is 4569 Bandwidth Low medium high with this option you can control which codec to be used Minimum Registration Time Subscription Time Minimum duration in seconds of an IAX2 registration Default is 60 sec...

Page 30: ...tem will use the transfer mechanism of the SIP trunk Key As Send Set the or to perform as a send key while dialing Default is Enable DSP Fax Enable DSP to optimize Fax reception Internal Calling First If set to Yes when making calls between internal ports through Caller ID Number system will call the destination port directly without VoIP server or through VoIP server as priority if set to No Virt...

Page 31: ...Code Items Default Description Internal Call Prefix 99 Dial the feature code and the FXS port number when making calls between the analog phones connected to multiple ports of the S3200 FXS Gateway without the use of a VoIP server Speed Dial Prefix 98 The prefix number for applying a speed dialing The prefix should be added ahead of the speed dial number Attended Transfer 3 Users may transfer an i...

Page 32: ...ne Disable Forward No Answer 073 Users may disable no answer forward by calling 073 on their phone Forward to Internal Port 74 Users may activate call forwarding to port by dialing this feature code followed by the port ID to forward all calls to Forward to Number 75 Users may activate call forwarding by dialing this feature code followed by the extension or phone number to forward all calls to th...

Page 33: ...d Dial Code The speed dialing number Phone Number The number you want to call To make a speed dial e g you want to call 18033334444 simply dial 981 The 98 tells S3200 FXS Gateway that you want to use the Speed Dial and the 1 is the Speed Dial Code for destination number 18033334444 Note do not forget to add the dial pattern according to the selected dial pattern template That is the destination nu...

Page 34: ...t and save it as a backup Figure 7 1 Custom Prompts The administrator can upload prompts by doing the following 1 Click Upload Prompt 2 Click Browse to choose the desired prompt 3 Click Upload to upload the selected prompt Figure 7 2 Upload a Prompt Note The file size must not be larger than 1 8 MB and the file must be WAV format GSM 6 10 8 kHz Mono 1 Kb s Alaw Ulaw 8 kHz Mono 1 Kb s PCM 8 kHz Mon...

Page 35: ... size must not be larger than 1 8 MB and the file must be WAV format GSM 6 10 8 kHz Mono 1 Kb s Alaw Ulaw 8 kHz Mono 1 Kb s PCM 8 kHz Mono 16 Kb s System Prompts S3200 FXS Gateway supports Chinese and English system prompts You can download the appropriate language you need Notes 1 Auto detection is highly recommended But if you prefer to download via HTTP or TFTP server please contact the local d...

Page 36: ...36 Figure 7 5 System Prompts Settings Page ...

Page 37: ...e incoming calls start with digits 100 will ring using cadence 2000 4000 as the following figure shows Figure 8 1 Distinctive Ringtones Tone Zone Settings Advanced ring tones for all the FXS ports can be configured on this page There are pre programmed tone zone settings for some countries and regions Users can simply find and select thier country to get tone zone settings for the gateway Figure 8...

Page 38: ...usy Tone Used for busy line prompt Call Waiting Tone Used for notification in call waiting Congestion Tone Used to indicate that an invalid code has been dialed or that all circuits trunks are busy and or the call is unroutable 2nd Dial Tone Used for the second stage dial tone Message Tone Used for message tone VoiceMail Tone Used for voicemail tone RADIUS Settings TA FXS Gateway supports RADIUS R...

Page 39: ...erver Port Default is 1813 Specifies the port to be used for the second RADIUS account Secondry Server Key Specifies the key to be used to authenticate the RADIUS connection to the second server The key is set according to the RADIUS server RADIUS Timeout Specifies the number of seconds to wait for a response after the RADIUS message is sent to the server Default 10 seconds The retransmission will...

Page 40: ...Gateway Web GUI for the first time users could go System Network Preferences LAN Settings to configure the network for S3200 FXS Gateway Figure 9 1 LAN Settings Table 9 1 LAN Settings Items Description Hostname Set the host name for S3200 FXS Gateway Mode Choose the network mode Static IP Address DHCP PPPoE IP Address Set the IP Address for S3200 FXS Gateway Subnet Mask Set the subnet mask for S32...

Page 41: ...user name and password to access the Internet via PPPoE Service The administrator can manage all the access methods on S3200 FXS Gateway on the Service page Figure 9 4 Service Settings Table 9 2 Description of Service Settings Items Description SSH By using SSH you can log in to S3200 FXS Gateway and run commands It s disabled by default We don t recommend enabling it if not needed The default por...

Page 42: ...re 9 5 VLAN Settings Please follow the steps below to set up VLAN on S3200 FXS Gateway Step1 Create VLANs on your switch Step2 Allocate a VLAN ID and IP address for S3200 FXS Gateway Step3 Configure VLAN settings page on S3200 FXS Gateway VPN Settings A virtual private network VPN is a method of computer networking typically using the public internet that allows users to privately share informatio...

Page 43: ...col network service that provides the capability for a networked device such as a router or computer system using the Internet Protocol Suite to notify a Domain Name System DNS name server to change in real time the active DNS configuration of its configured hostnames addresses or other information Figure 9 7 DDNS Settings Table 9 3 Description of DDNS Settings Items Description DDNS Server Select...

Page 44: ...ou will need to set some Static Route for S3200 FXS Gateway to force it to go out through different gateway when accessing to different internet The default gateway priority of S3200 FXS Gateway from high to low is VPN VLAN LAN port 1 Route Table Figure 9 8 Static Route The current route rules of S3200 FXS Gateway 2 Static Route Rules You can add new static route rules here Table 9 4 Description o...

Page 45: ...45 Gateway Define which gateway S3200 FXS Gateway will go through when accessing the destination network ...

Page 46: ... 9 9 SNMP Settings TR 069 Settings TR 069 Technical Report 069 is a Broadband Forum formerly known as DSL Forum technical specification entitled CPE WAN Management Protocol CWMP It defines an application layer protocol for remote management of end user devices As a bidirectional SOAP HTTP based protocol it provides the communication between customer premises equipment CPE and Auto Configuration Se...

Page 47: ...e in seconds where the CPE will initiate a new session against the ACS Enable STUN Enable this option to discover the CPE s public IP address if it is located behind a NAT STUN Server Address Port The STUN Server address and port STUN Server Username The STUN Server username STUN Server Password The STUN server password Connection Request Address HTTP URL for an ACS to make a Connection Request no...

Page 48: ...ity settings including Firewall Service Port Settings in S3200 FXS Gateway are displayed in Security Center Users could rapidly check and configure the relevant security settings here 1 Firewall In the Firewall tab users could check firewall configuration and alert settings By clicking the relevant button you can enter the configuration page directly 2 Service Figure 10 1 Security Center Firewall ...

Page 49: ...or E mail The attack modes include IP attack and Web Login IPATTACK When the system is attacked by IP address the firewall will add the IP to auto IP Blacklist and notify the user if it matches the protection rule WEBLOGIN Web Login Alert Notification entering the wrong password consecutively for five times when logging in TA FXS Gateway Web interface will be deemed as an attack the system will li...

Page 50: ...te them by Example 500 9911 if the extension has configured Follow Me Settings the call would go to the forwarded number directly Attempts The attempts to dial a phone number when there is no answer Interval The interval between each attempt to dial the phone number Must be longer than 3 seconds the default value is 60 seconds Prompt Users will notification hear the prompt while receiving the phon...

Page 51: ...a system monitoring and management interface provided by Asterisk It allows live monitoring of events that occur in the system as well enabling you to request that Asterisk perform some action The actions that are available are wide ranging and include things such as returning status information and originating new calls Many interesting applications have been developed on top of Asterisk that tak...

Page 52: ... Certificate Trusted Certificate This certificate is a CA certificate When selecting TLS Verify Client as Yes you should upload a CA The relevant VoIP provider should also have this certificate Gateway Certificate This certificate is server certificate No matter selecting TLS Verify Client as Yes or NO you should upload this certificate to S3200 FXS Gateway If the VoIP provider enables TLS Verify ...

Page 53: ... Table 10 2 Description of Firewall General Settings Items Description Enable Firewall Enable the firewall to protect the device Disable Ping Enable this item to drop net ping from remote hosts Drop All When you enable Drop All feature the system will drop all packets or connection from other hosts if there are no other rules defined To avoid locking the devices at least one TCP accept common rule...

Page 54: ...tart port IP The IP address for this rule The format of IP address is IP mask E g 192 168 5 100 255 255 255 255 for IP 192 168 5 100 E g 192 168 5 0 255 255 255 0 for IP from 192 168 5 0 to 192 168 5 255 MAC Address The format of MAC Address is XX XX XX XX XX XX X means 0 9 or A F in hex the A F are not case sensitive Action Accept Accept the access from remote hosts Drop Drop the access from remo...

Page 55: ...l TCP Rate 10 min Then it means maximum 10 TCP connections can be handled in 1 minute The 11th connection will be dropped IP Blacklist You can set some packets accept speed rules here When an IP address which hasn t been accepted in common rules sends packets faster than the allowed speed it will be set as a black IP address and be blocked automatically Figure 10 10 IP Blacklist Settings Page 1 Bl...

Page 56: ...ocol TCP or UDP IP Packets Allowed IP packets number in the specific time interval Time interval The time interval to receive IP packets For example IP packets 90 time interval 60 means 90 IP packets are allowed in 60 seconds 2 IP Blacklist The blocked IP address will display here you can edit or delete it as you wish ...

Page 57: ...irst 2 Enter a new password and retype the new password to confirm The password complexity will be detected which will help users to set a strong password and make S3200 FXS Gateway safer A strong password is comprised of letters numbers and characters 3 Save the changes the user will be automatically logged out 4 Log in S3200 FXS Gateway using the new password Figure 11 1 Password Settings Date a...

Page 58: ...ill adjust its internal clock to a central network server Please note the S3200 FXS Gateway should be able to access to the Internet if you choose this method Set Date Time Manually Enter the time using the numbers on your keyboard Note you have to reboot the system to make the changes take effect Email Settings Please Configure Email settings if you want to use Email notification in Alert Setting...

Page 59: ...urcompany com Port SMTP Port the default is 25 Use SSL TLS to send secure message to server If the server of sending email needs to authenticate the sender you need to select the check box Note This option must be selected for Gmail or exchange server after filling out the above information you can click on the Test SMTP settings button to check whether the setup is OK 1 If the test successful you...

Page 60: ...ngs 2 When updating the firmware please don t turn off the power Or the system will be damaged 3 If you are trying to upgrade through HTTP please make sure that your S3200 FXS Gateway is able to visit external network or it cannot access XonTel website to get the firmware file causing the upgrade fail Upgrade through HTTP On the Firmware Upgrade page choose HTTP URL Step1 Enter the download link o...

Page 61: ... click Browse button choose the firmware file BIN file upgraded patch Figure 11 5 Configure Tftpd32 Step3 Login to S3200 FXS Gateway Web page and go to System System Preferences Firmware Update choose TFTP Server 1 TFTP Server fill in IP address of tftpd32 server your PC s IP address 2 File Name enter the name of firmware update It should be a BIN file name 3 Click Start to upgrade Figure 11 6 Upg...

Page 62: ...ion cannot be restored on S3200 FXS Gateway of a later version Create a New Backup Click to create a new backup Upload a Backup Click to upload a backup Restore To restore S3200 FXS Gateway configuration data upload the backup file to S3200 FXS Gateway and Reboot the system to take effect Please note the current configurations will be OVERWRITTEN with the backup data Figure 11 7 Restore Backup Res...

Page 63: ...63 Figure 11 8 Reset and Reboot ...

Page 64: ...works well Down The FXS module is broken Status OK Successful registration trunk is ready for use Unreachable The trunk is unreachable Request Send Registering Waiting for authentication Wrong password or user name Failed Trunk registration failed Voice Mail New Old Showing the number of unread voicemail and old voicemail Only when the FXS port is registered as one of the VoIP Server s accounts ca...

Page 65: ...ill appear with their status Figure 12 2 Network Status If your VLAN or VPN are configured you can check the status in this page also System Info In this page we can check the hardware firmware version or the disk usage of TA FXS Gateway Figure 12 3 System Info ...

Page 66: ...l type call duration etc An administrator can search and filter call data by call date caller callee trunk duration billing duration status or communication type Figure 13 1 Call Logs System Logs You can download and delete the system logs of S3200 FXS Enable Hardware Log Save the information of hardware up to 4 log files Enable Normal Log Save the prompt information up to 16 log files Enable Web ...

Page 67: ...acket Tool This feature is used to capture packets for technician Integrate packet capture tool Wireshark in S3200 FXS Gateway Users also could specify the destination IP address and port to get the packets Figure 13 3 Packet Tool ...

Page 68: ...68 Port Monitor Tool This tool is used to debug a FXS port Select a FXS port and click Start to monitor the FXS port stop monitoring by clicking Stop button Figure 13 4 Port Monitor Tool ...

Reviews:

No comments

Brands by name

Popular brands

Load more brands