5
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Experiment:
Explore conservation of momentum during collisions using
two Go Direct Photogates (not daisy-chained).
Sensor Channel:
Object Velocity (on both photogates)
Mode:
Time-based
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Experiment:
Explore conservation of momentum during collisions using
two daisy-chained Go Direct Photogates.
Sensor Channel:
Object Velocity and Remote Gate – Object Velocity
Mode:
Time-based
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Experiment:
Study the relationship between centripetal force and
acceleration using a Centripetal Force Apparatus, a Go Direct Photogate, and
a Go Direct Force sensor. (Mass must be rotating before starting data
collection.)
Sensor Channel:
Gate 1 – Gate State or Gate 2 – Gate State
Mode:
Photogate Timing – Angular Motion or Motion Timing
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Experiment:
Measure the acceleration of compressed-air rockets using
photogate bar tape.
Sensor channel:
Gate 1 – Gate State or Gate 2 – Gate State
Mode:
Photogate Timing – Linear Motion or Motion Timing
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Experiment:
Verify the calculations of the Object Velocity channel.
Sensor channel
: Object Velocity, Gate 1 – Gate State, Gate 2 – Gate State
Mode:
Time-based
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Experiment:
Verify the calculations of the Object Acceleration channel.
Sensor channel:
Object Acceleration, Object Velocity, Gate 1 – Gate State,
Gate 2 – Gate State
Mode:
Time-based
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Experiment:
Collect Gate State data for by-hand calculation of photogate
data.
Sensor channel:
Gate 1 – Gate State, Gate 2 – Gate State, and Laser Gate –
Gate State channels only
Mode:
Time-based
Mounting Options
The following are various mounting and use options for Go Direct Photogate.
Ring stand, right angle clamp, dynamics track, photogate bracket, pulley, pulley
bracket, and bar tape are not included with the sensor. For illustration examples
of each the following mounting options, see
www.vernier.com/manuals/gdx-vpg
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Sitting on the photogate arms
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Mounted on a ring stand using the included accessory rod
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Mounted on a dynamics track using a photogate bracket
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Mounted on a ring stand with a pulley and included accessory rod
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Mounted on a dynamics track using a pulley and pulley bracket
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Mounted on a dynamics track using a photogate bracket and pulley
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Used with photogate bar tape
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Mounted on the original Centripetal Force Apparatus
with Vernier
,
Advanced Physics with Vernier — Mechanics
, and
Physics
Explorations and Projects
. See these books for detailed experiments. Here are
some brief examples of things you can do with a photogate.
Note:
Additional equipment not included with the Go Direct Photogate may be
required to do these experiments.
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Experiment:
Measure the acceleration due to the gravity of an object in
freefall using a Vernier Picket Fence.
Sensor channel:
Object Velocity or Object Acceleration
Mode:
Time-based
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Experiment:
Determine the launch speed of a projectile launched
horizontally.
Sensor channel:
Object Velocity
Mode:
Time-based
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Experiment:
Find the launch speed and time of flight of a projectile using a
Go Direct Photogate and a Time of Flight Pad.
Sensor channel:
Object Velocity, Gate 1/Remote Gate Timing
Mode:
Time-based
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Experiment:
Time an object passing between two Go Direct Photogates (not
daisy-chained).
Sensor channel:
Gate 1 – Gate State, Gate 2 – Gate State, or Laser Gate –
Gate State (on both photogates)
Mode
: Photogate Timing – Time Between Gates or Pulse Timing
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Experiment:
Time an object passing between two daisy-chained Go Direct
Photogates.
Sensor channel:
Gate 1/Remote Gate Timing
Mode:
Time-based
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Experiment:
Find the period of a pendulum.
Sensor channel:
Gate 1 – Gate State, Gate 2 – Gate State, or Laser Gate –
Gate State
Mode:
Photogate Timing – Pendulum Timing
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Experiment:
Measure the “hang time” of a jumper using a Laser Gate at
floor level where the jumper blocks the beam while on the floor. (The time
interval of interest is the unblock to block time and would be calculated by
hand.)
Sensor channel:
Laser Gate – Gate State
Mode:
Time-based
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Experiment:
Measure accelerations of an Atwood or modified-Atwood
machine using an Ultra Pulley Attachment.
Sensor Channel:
Gate 2 – Gate State
Mode:
Photogate Timing – Linear Motion or Motion Timing
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Experiment:
Investigate the relationship between impulse and momentum
using a Go Direct Photogate and a Go Direct Force and Acceleration sensor.
Sensor channel:
Object Velocity
Mode:
Time-based