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NEO-M9N - Integration manual

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NEO-M9N Data sheet,

UBX-19014285

[2]

u-blox M9 SPG 4.04 Interface description,

UBX-21022436

u-blox M9 SPG 4.04 Interface description, UBX-21022437 (NDA required)

[3]

u-blox M9 SPG 4.04 Release notes,

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Packaging information for u-blox chips, modules, and antennas,

UBX-14001652

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UBX-19014286 - R07

Summary of Contents for NEO-M9N

Page 1: ...ntegration manual describing the u blox NEO M9N GNSS module NEO M9N o ers ultra robust meter level GNSS positioning performance with concurrent reception of up to four GNSS GPS GLONASS BeiDou Galileo...

Page 2: ...s logos and designs included in this document Copying reproduction modi cation or disclosure to third parties of this document or any part thereof is only permitted with the express written permission...

Page 3: ...17 3 3 2 Interface 17 3 3 3 Geofence state evaluation 18 3 3 4 Using a PIO for geofence state output 18 3 4 Logging 18 3 4 1 Introduction 18 3 4 2 Setting the logging system up 19 3 4 3 Information a...

Page 4: ...tion 54 3 12 7 Leap seconds 55 3 12 8 Real time clock 55 3 12 9 Date 55 3 13 Timing functionality 56 3 13 1 Time pulse 56 3 13 2 Timemark 60 3 14 Security 61 3 14 1 Spoo ng detection monitoring 61 3 1...

Page 5: ...8 1 Placement 79 4 8 2 Thermal management 79 4 8 3 Package footprint copper and paste mask 79 4 8 4 Layout guidance 81 4 9 Design guidance 82 4 9 1 General considerations 82 4 9 2 Backup battery 83 4...

Page 6: ...source of information on all aspects of NEO M9N system software and hardware design The purpose of this document is to provide guidelines for a successful integration of the receiver with the custome...

Page 7: ...ximizes the position accuracy in particular under challenging conditions such as deep urban canyons u blox M9 receivers detect jamming and spoo ng events and report them to the host which allows the s...

Page 8: ...database consisting of separate con guration items An item is made up of a pair consisting of a key ID and a value Related items are grouped together and identi ed under a common group name CFG GROUP...

Page 9: ...es and antenna signal from the application have been connected 3 1 4 2 Communication interface con guration Several con guration groups allow operation mode con guration of the various communication i...

Page 10: ...s Version 3 October 7 2016 The RTCM speci cation is currently at version 3 3 and RTCM version 2 messages are not supported by this standard To modify the RTCM input output settings see the con guratio...

Page 11: ...n Table 3 and Table 4 below Platform Description Portable default Applications with low acceleration e g portable devices Suitable for most situations Stationary Used in timing applications antenna mu...

Page 12: ...y due to the long signal path through the atmosphere CFG NAVSPG INFIL_NCNOTHRS CFG NAVSPG INFIL_CNOTHRS A navigation solution will only be attempted if there are at least the given number of SVs with...

Page 13: ...activates this feature and the CFG ODO COGMAXSPEED CFG ODO COGMAXPOSACC con guration items o er the possibility to con gure a low speed course over ground lter also named heading of motion 2D This lt...

Page 14: ...NEO M9N Integration manual Figure 2 Position publication in static hold mode Figure 3 Flowchart of the static hold mode UBX 19014286 R07 3 Receiver functionality Page 14 of 95 C1 Public...

Page 15: ...conditions low signal strength i e signal attenuation indicates likely contamination by multipath The receiver trusts such signals less in order to preserve the quality of the position solution in po...

Page 16: ...S are combined to make a Total Electron Content TEC map This map is transferred to the receiver via SBAS satellites to allow a correction of the ionosphere error on each received signal Message type M...

Page 17: ...t met SBAS integrity data will not be applied SBAS is only used if no correction services are available If the connection stream is lost during the operation the receiver will switch to using the SBAS...

Page 18: ...ence state output This feature can be used for example for waking up a sleeping host when a de ned geofence condition is reached The receiver will toggle the assigned pin according to the combined geo...

Page 19: ...ircular log If the log is circular a set of older log entries will be deleted when it lls up and the space freed up is used for new log entries By contrast if a non circular log becomes full then new...

Page 20: ...or if all of MIN_INTERVAL TIME_THRS SPEED_THRS or POSITION_THRS thresholds are exceeded If a threshold is set to zero it is ignored Position xes are only recorded if a valid x is obtained Failed and...

Page 21: ...ocessing is stopped during the transfer see UBX CFG RST UBX LOG RETRIEVE can specify a start entry index and entry count The maximum number of entries that can be returned in response to a single UBX...

Page 22: ...Message Description UBX MON BATCH Provides information about the bu er ll level and dropped data due to overrun UBX LOG RETRIEVEBATCH Starts the batch retrieval process UBX LOG BATCH A batch entry re...

Page 23: ...OG BATCH messages with the batched xes To maximize the speed of transfer it is recommended that a high communications data rate is used The receiver will discard retrieval request while processing a p...

Page 24: ...dish line represents the frozen spectrum before modifying the external gain while the black line represents the current measurement Figure 9 Spectrum analyzer view in u center with the option view hol...

Page 25: ...d o so it must be either supplied or enabled by the VCC For the I2C line a dual bidirectional bus bu er is needed Figure 10 NEO M9N interface isolation 3 7 1 UART A Universal Asynchronous Receiver Tra...

Page 26: ...ncy is 400 kHz the maximum transfer rate is 400 kb s The SCL and SDA pins have internal pull up resistors which should be su cient for most applications However depending on the speed of the host and...

Page 27: ...om the master the 7 bit device address and the RW bit which is a logic low for write access are clocked onto the bus by the master transmitter The receiver answers with an acknowledge logic low to ind...

Page 28: ...ss The receiver does not provide any write access except for writing UBX and NMEA messages to the receiver such as con guration or aiding data Therefore the register set mentioned in the section Read...

Page 29: ...To prevent the receiver from being busy parsing incoming data the parsing process is stopped after 50 subsequent bytes containing 0xFF The parsing process is re enabled with the rst byte not equal to...

Page 30: ...upply The V_USB pin is used to detect the availability of the USB port i e whether the receiver is connected to a USB host The receiver draws only minimal amount of current 1 mA from V_USB USB suspend...

Page 31: ...SPI_MOSI UART1 RXD 18 SPI_CS_N I2C SDA 19 SPI_CLK I2C SCL Table 16 D_SEL con guration 3 8 2 RESET_N The NEO M9N provides the ability to reset the receiver The RESET_N pin is an input only pin with an...

Page 32: ...message does not indicate if the TX READY con guration is successfully set it only indicates the successful con guration of the port To validate successful con guration of the TX_READY pin the port c...

Page 33: ...s entirely on the receiver Table 17 below contains an overview of the di erent MGA services u blox provides Requirements AssistNow Online AssistNow O ine AssistNow Autonomous Requires external ash mem...

Page 34: ...tter data is available Using these estimates will not provide as accurate a position x as if current ephemeris data is used but it will allow much faster TTFFs in nearly all cases The data obtained fr...

Page 35: ...XXX gnss gps glo 3 9 3 2 Time position and almanac While AssistNow O ine can be used on its own it is expected that the user will provide estimates of the receiver s current position the current time...

Page 36: ...hole process The above three steps are repeated until all the rest of the data has been successfully transferred or the process has been aborted The host sends a UBX MGA FLASH STOP message to indicate...

Page 37: ...AssistNow O ine data looking for entries with a date stamp that most closely matches the current UTC time date The host sends each such UBX MGA ANO message to the receiver Note that when data has been...

Page 38: ...generates the required parts of the orbits suitable for navigation from the stored data The data is also automatically kept current in order to minimize the calculation time once the navigation engine...

Page 39: ...ously collected satellite observation data from the ash memory The UBX NAV AOPSTATUS message provides information on the current state of the AssistNow Autonomous subsystem The status indicates whethe...

Page 40: ...various factors such as the satellite position accuracy the number of visible satellites and the geometry DOP of the visible satellites Position xes that include AssistNow Autonomous orbit informatio...

Page 41: ...artup is automatically done if the corresponding data is present in the ash Data expiration is not checked The following outlines the suggested shutdown procedure when using the save on shutdown featu...

Page 42: ...up some all of its internal components according to prede ned parameters It is also referred to as power save mode PSM In PSM one of two modes of operations can be selected 1 On o operation PSMOO 2 Cy...

Page 43: ...This means that entering all power saving states is delayed until the conditions necessary to produce a time pulse have been met Therefore in order to obtain good power save mode operation it is essen...

Page 44: ...as Acquisition timeout Internal mechanisms If the receiver is able to acquire weak signals but not of the quality needed to get a x it will transition to Inactive awaiting next search state after the...

Page 45: ...er the con gured search period minus a start up margin As soon as the receiver gets a valid position x one passing the navigation output lters it enters Tracking state Upon entering Tracking state the...

Page 46: ...rking in on o or cyclic tracking operation Therefore it has to temporarily switch to continuous operation for the time the satellites transmit the desired data To save power the receiver schedules the...

Page 47: ...more information on the two modes of operation 3 11 2 2 2 Reference time standard Where multiple GNSS can operate simultaneously UTC time standard is used for the operation of PSM 3 11 2 2 3 Update pe...

Page 48: ...termine the maximum time to spend in Acquisition state Note that shorter settings below about 45 s will degrade an unaided receiver s ability to collect new Ephemeris data at low signal levels see sec...

Page 49: ...te is su cient to the receiver s UART interface This will wake up the receiver if it is in Inactive state If the receiver is not in Inactive state the sequence will be ignored Send the con guration me...

Page 50: ...Autonomous is bene cial to the overall power consumption or not 3 11 2 4 Examples 3 11 2 4 1 Use grid o set Scenario Get a position x once a day at a xed time If the position x cannot be obtained try...

Page 51: ...le to produce position xes it can switch from cyclic operation to on o operation if this is not disabled with the DONOTENTEROFF switch in CFG PM In that case the remarks below are relevant On o operat...

Page 52: ...the results is an accurate measurement of time in the time base of the chosen GNSS system called GNSS system time The di erence between the calculated GNSS system time and receiver local time is calle...

Page 53: ...t GNSS receivers use this representation internally only converting to a more conventional form at external interfaces The iTOW eld is the most obvious externally visible consequence of this internal...

Page 54: ...redth of a second remains so the extra digit is always 0 UTC time is also reported within some UBX messages such as UBX NAV TIMEUTC and UBX NAV PVT In these messages date and time are separated into s...

Page 55: ...bout the current time within their data message In most cases this is a time of week often abbreviated to TOW which indicates the elapsed number of seconds since the start of the week midnight Saturda...

Page 56: ...7 calendar year 2019 2028 It is important to set the reference rollover week number appropriately when supplying u blox receivers with simulated signals especially when the scenarios are in the past 3...

Page 57: ...able delay and user delay The recommended con guration when using the UBX TIM TP message is to set both the measurement rate CFG RATE MEAS and the time pulse frequency CFG TP to 1 Hz Since the rate of...

Page 58: ...ed to use a variant of UTC time after a cold start substantial delays before the receiver has su cient information to start outputting the time pulse can be expected 3 13 1 4 Time pulse con guration u...

Page 59: ...time is not locked or to indicate a lock with di erent duty cycles align to TOW If this item is set pulses are aligned to the top of a second polarity If set the rst edge of the pulse is a rising edge...

Page 60: ...are also applied to the results output in the UBX TIM TM2 message A UBX TIM TM2 message is output at the next epoch if The UBX TIM TM2 message is enabled and A rising or falling edge was triggered sin...

Page 61: ...view about possible threads and which functionality is available to detect and or mitigate it Threat u blox solution Over air signal integrity Spoo ng detection monitoring Jamming interference detecti...

Page 62: ...pendent of the CW only jamming indicator described in Jamming interference indicator above This monitor reports whether jamming has been detected or suspected by the receiver The receiver monitors the...

Page 63: ...a con guration layer in volatile memory RAM BBR is removed when the memory is cleared However the con guration lock set in non volatile memory ash memory is permanent apart from one exception during r...

Page 64: ...ty checks have passed Where the parity checking algorithm requires data to be inverted before it is decoded e g GPS L1C A the receiver carries this out before the message output Therefore users can pr...

Page 65: ...data words only comprise 30 bits the 2 most signi cant bits in each word reported by UBX RXM SFRBX are padding and should be ignored 3 15 1 5 Galileo u blox M9 receivers running can receive and track...

Page 66: ...subframe contains a pair of I NAV pages as described in the Galileo ICD Galileo pages can either be Nominal or Alert pages For Galileo Nominal pages the eight words are arranged as follows Figure 28 G...

Page 67: ...ing table gives a summary of the di erent data message formats reported by the UBX RXM SFRBX message GNSS Signal gnssId sigId numWords period GPS L1C A 0 0 10 6s Galileo E1 B 2 1 8 2s BeiDou B1I D1 3...

Page 68: ...X CFG RST message o ers the navBbrMask eld where hot warm and cold starts can be initiated and also other combinations thereof The reset type can also be speci ed This is not related to GNSS but to th...

Page 69: ...no Name I O Description 1 SAFEBOOT_N I SAFEBOOT_N used for FW updates and recon guration leave open 2 D_SEL I Interface select open or VCC UART I2C GND SPI 3 TIMEPULSE O TIMEPULSE 1 PPS 4 EXTINT I EX...

Page 70: ...M9N modules must charge the internal capacitors in the core domain In certain situations this can result in a signi cant current draw For low power applications using backup mode it is important that...

Page 71: ...s handled with software commands See the NEO M9N Interface description 2 for more information 4 2 3 V_USB USB interface power supply V_USB supplies the USB interface If the USB interface is not used t...

Page 72: ...able hot starts the time information must be provided accurately and thus the time mark feature must be used The time aiding and time mark features are described in the NEO M9N Interface description 2...

Page 73: ...erfere with the antenna performance The antenna must have su cient bandwidth to receive all needed GNSS constellations Also the antenna should have a suitable ground plane to achieve good performance...

Page 74: ...ctive antenna module meeting u blox s speci cation A suitable ground plane is required for the antenna to achieve good performance Active antenna may have strong gain For maximum external gain see the...

Page 75: ...ever a signi cant violation may reduce receiver sensitivity or cause a complete loss of signal reception The severity of the interference depends on the repetition rate frequency signal level modulati...

Page 76: ...charge ESD Special precautions are required when handling Most defects caused by ESD can be prevented by following strict ESD protection rules for production and handling When implementing passive ant...

Page 77: ...the GNSS antenna EMI protection measures are particularly useful when RF emitting devices are placed next to the GNSS receiver and or to minimize the risk of EMI degradation due to self jamming An ad...

Page 78: ...ranteed even under interference conditions In such a case not only the maximum power ratings of the components in the receiver RF path must be observed Further non linear e ects like gain compression...

Page 79: ...circuits on the board A proper GND concept shall be followed The RF section shall not be subject to noisy digital supply currents running through its GND plane 4 8 2 Thermal management During design i...

Page 80: ...NEO M9N Integration manual 4 8 3 1 Mechanical dimensions Figure 37 NEO M9N mechanical dimensions UBX 19014286 R07 4 Design Page 80 of 95 C1 Public...

Page 81: ...uces the risk of performance issues at design level 4 8 4 1 RF In trace The RF In trace has to work in the middle L band frequencies A grounded co planar RF trace is recommended as it provides the max...

Page 82: ...n the top layer should be referenced to a suitable ground layer 4 8 4 2 VCC pad The VCC pad for the NEO M9N module needs to have as low an impedance as possible with large vias to the lower power laye...

Page 83: ...cted with VCC removed 4 9 3 RF front end circuit options The rst stages of the signal processing chain are crucial to the overall receiver performance When an RF input connector is employed this can p...

Page 84: ...minimal design with the NEO M9N GNSS modules consider the following functions and pins Connect the power supply to VCC and V_BCKP V_USB If USB is used it is recommended V_USB is to be powered as per U...

Page 85: ...ntenna area is touched in non ESD protected work area implement proper ESD protection measures in the design When soldering RF connectors and patch antennas to the receiver s RF pin make sure to use a...

Page 86: ...rature rises above the liquidus temperature of 217 C Avoid a sudden rise in temperature as the slump of the paste could become worse Limit time above 217 C liquidus temperature 40 60 s Peak re ow temp...

Page 87: ...r a single nal upright re ow cycle A module placed on the underside of the board may detach during a re ow soldering cycle due to lack of adhesion The module can also tolerate an additional re ow cycl...

Page 88: ...of metal strips directly onto the EMI covers Use of ultrasonic processes Some components on the module are sensitive to ultrasonic waves Use of any ultrasonic processes cleaning welding etc may cause...

Page 89: ...Guide 4 5 6 Moisture sensitivity levels The moisture sensitivity level MSL for NEO M9N is speci ed in the table below Package MSL level LCC 4 Table 27 MSL level For MSL standard see IPC JEDEC J STD 0...

Page 90: ...nts Ensure that the power supply is still able to provide clean and stable voltage with the higher current demand in NEO M9N Pin out 1 1 pin out mapping with NEO 8Q M8N Q J M modules NEO M8M pin 14 is...

Page 91: ...urces in the design Code change optional Time pulse The quantization error output via UBX TIM TP2 is no longer supported u blox recommends using dedicated timing products for precise time information...

Page 92: ...ctromagnetic interference EOS Electrical overstress EPA Electrostatic protective area ESD Electrostatic discharge Galileo European navigation satellite system GLONASS Russian navigation satellite syst...

Page 93: ...e description UBX 21022437 NDA required 3 u blox M9 SPG 4 04 Release notes UBX 20036165 4 Packaging information for u blox chips modules and antennas UBX 14001652 For regular updates to u blox documen...

Page 94: ...section 3 1 5 RTCM corrections Removed old section 4 3 4 NEO M9N power supply Updated description of 50 matching in section 4 5 Antenna R05 11 Sep 2020 jesk Early production information Updated rmware...

Page 95: ...u blox com E mail info_cn u blox com Support support_cn u blox com Regional O ce China Chongqing Phone 86 23 6815 1588 E mail info_cn u blox com Support support_cn u blox com Regional O ce China Shan...

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