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ISA
stands for Industry Standard Architecture. ISA is a slower 8- or 16-bit
BUS (data pathway).
Latency
is the amount of time that one part of a system spends waiting for
another part to catch up. This is most common when the system sends data
out to a peripheral device, and is waiting for the peripheral to send some data
back (peripherals tend to be slower than onboard system components).
NVRAM
ROM and EEPROM are both examples of Non-Volatile RAM,
memory that holds its data without power. DRAM, in contrast, is volatile.
OEMs
(Original Equipment Manufacturers) like Compaq or IBM package
other companies’ motherboards and hardware inside their case and sell them.
The
parallel port
transmits the bits of a byte on eight different wires at the
same time (that is, in parallel form, eight bits at the same time).
PCI
stands for Peripheral Component Interconnect. PCI is a 32-bit local bus
(data pathway) which is faster than the ISA bus. Local buses are those which
operate within a single system (as opposed to a network bus, which connects
multiple systems).
The
PCI PIO
(PCI Programmable Input/Output) modes are the data
transfer modes used by IDE drives. These modes use the CPU for data
transfer (DMA channels do not). PCI refers to the type of bus used by these
modes to communicate with the CPU.
PCI-to-PCI bridge
allows you to connect multiple PCI devices onto one
PCI slot.
Pipeline burst SRAM
is a fast secondary cache. It is used as a secondary
cache because SRAM is slower than SDRAM, but usually larger. Data is
cached first to the faster primary cache, and then, when the primary cache is
full, to the slower secondary cache.
Chapter 6
System Resources
