Solwise SSR725 Setup Instructions Download Page 88

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Chapter

. Firmware Upgrade

Solwise SSR725 SDSL Ethernet Router User’s Guide

Now the port speed of the router has changed back to the normal
setting of 9600 so you need to change the set-up of your terminal
back to 9600…

You should now see the MAC address prompt (press enter maybe
to bring the mac address prompt).

Now you need to enter the command “flashfs rewrite boot.bin”…

Summary of Contents for SSR725

Page 1: ...Solwise Ltd Set up instructions for Solwise SSR725 SDSL Router Revision 1 33 October 28 2003 ...

Page 2: ...document at any time FCC compliance This equipment complies with Part 68 of the FCC Rules On this equipment is a label that contains among other information the FCC registration number and Ringer Equivalence Number REN for this equipment You must upon request provide this information to your telephone company If your telephone equipment causes harm to the telephone network the Telephone Company ma...

Page 3: ...own protection that the electrical ground connections of the power utility telephone lines and internal metallic water pipe system if present are connected together This precaution may be particularly important in rural areas CAUTION Users should not attempt to make such connections themselves but should contact the appropriate electric inspection authority or electrician as appropriate NOTICE The...

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Page 5: ... How to 43 5 1 How to enter Command Line Interface mode 43 5 1 1 Telnet 43 5 1 2 Using terminal program via serial console port 43 5 1 3 Basic CLI syntax 46 5 2 Altering the LAN IP address of the router 48 5 3 Set up port forwarding 49 5 4 Configuring the Security Interface to allow Netmeeting 54 5 5 Configuring the Security Interface to allow ftp 58 5 6 Firewall Features 59 5 6 1 Intrusion Detect...

Page 6: ...a new main bin firmware file 90 7 Appendix A Product Specifications 100 8 Appendix B Government compliance notices 103 9 Appendix C IP Addresses Network Masks and Subnets 105 9 1 IP Addresses 105 9 1 1 Structure of an IP address 105 9 1 2 Network classes 106 9 2 Subnet masks 106 10 Appendix D Binary Numbers 109 10 1 Binary Numbers 109 10 1 1 Bits and bytes 109 11 Appendix E Glossary 111 ...

Page 7: ...TP and configuration file IEEE 802 3 802 3u over UTP 10 100Base T compliant Operation with up to 4 6Mbps downstream and upstream simultaneously enables High Speed access to Internet Service Provider ISP or corporate network Friendly GUI Configuration and Management software Supports G SHDSL always on Ongoing feature enhancements through TFTP download or upload of new firmware and configuration fil...

Page 8: ...ncludes the RIP Routing Information Protocol which allows the exchange of routing information on a TCP IP network Flash memory for Software upgrade Status LEDs for easy monitoring and troubleshooting DNS relay allows for automatic name resolution when no DNS information is configured by the user 1 3 What s in the package One SDSL Router One 9VDC Adapter One RJ 11 Telephone Cable One 10Base T Ether...

Page 9: ... 10Mbs DSL ACT Flashing Receiving data from SDSL link 1 5 Rear Panel The rear panel of the SDSL Router consist of power jack Console Port connector Ethernet connections and SDSL phone socket as below SSR725 Function Definition ON OFF Power on off switch DC The power jack connects to 9VDC Adapter from wall outlet Console This is RS232C interface and use to management SDSL Router Uplink OR L4 Use th...

Page 10: ...rom the SDSL socket on your router to your SDSL phone socket Connect the power jack from the power supply to the power socket on the router and then plug the power supply into a suitable UK power socket The amber POWER LED on the front of the router should light up Configuration can be carried out using the Command Line Interface via Telnet user name is admin and password is admin and default IP a...

Page 11: ...otocol and you don t use IP settings in the required range then you will have to either permanently alter the settings of your computers to suite or change the default address of the router If you wish to alter the settings of all your computers to suite then it is probably best to ask the person in charge of your network set up to do this for you If you want to alter the router then you will have...

Page 12: ...network set up Then on Properties If you already see a line showing TCP IP protocol such as the example shown above then you can skip this section Otherwise click on Install then select Protocol and then click on Add Then on the Select Network Protocol screen select Microsoft TCP IP Click on OK and Windows will then add the protocol to your network set up ...

Page 13: ... 168 7 2 to 192 168 7 254 assuming default IP address for the router Next for each PC you must enter a Gateway address This is the address of the router and tells your PC where to send internet TCP requests Go to your local network settings Start Settings Network and Dialup Connections Local Area Connection Properties Scroll down the list of network settings until you find the entry showing TCP IP...

Page 14: ... the address for DNS entered in it s TCP setting If your PC doesn t have a DNS setting then it will not be able to find any internet sites so it s important that you have this set correctly On the main TCP IP Properties screen select Use the following DNS server addresses Now you need to enter an address for the Preferred DNS Ideally you should get the DNS address to use from your ISP a list showi...

Page 15: ...d network settings please note that your original Windows installation CD might be required You should then reboot your PC That s all there is to the basic set up 3 2 Setting up TCP IP protocol on your Mac Configuration of the router is done using your web browser but first of all you need to ensure that the IP settings on computer are correctly set to enable you to talk with the router The defaul...

Page 16: ...P IP on your computer Solwise SSR725 SDSL Ethernet Router User s Guide 16 Enter a suitable IP address e g 192 168 7 2 and the netmask as shown above and click on Apply Now Now enter the IP address of the router in Router box ...

Page 17: ...s for your Domain Name Server Ideally you should get the DNS address to use from your ISP However if you don t know the ISPs DNS address then you can temporarily use the address 212 50 160 23 Add the DNS address to the Domain Name Server list That s all you should have to do Click on Apply Now and your new settings should be set ...

Page 18: ...r in this guide To configure using your browser you must first of all must have successfully installed TCP IP protocol on your computer as detailed above After checking your connections and TCP settings see above you are ready to run your browser in order to configure the router Any browser can be used on any operating system The configuration screens are the same Note If you are using Explorer on...

Page 19: ...wing The default IP address for the 8 2 firmware is 192 168 7 1 The default configuration username and password are admin Now change the IP address of your PC to be on the same subnet as the 725 705 with Virata 8 2 e g 192 168 7 2 Next enter the address of the router in your browser address line i e 192 168 7 1 The main status page for the router should display ...

Page 20: ... configuration Solwise SSR725 SDSL Ethernet Router User s Guide 20 First of all you are advised to clear the router configuration To do this goto System Restart Reset To enter configuration enter admin for username and password ...

Page 21: ...Solwise SSR725 SDSL Ethernet Router User s Guide Chapter 4 PPPoA Router NAT configuration 21 ...

Page 22: ...Chapter 4 PPPoA Router NAT configuration Solwise SSR725 SDSL Ethernet Router User s Guide 22 Select Reset to factory default settings and then click on Restart ...

Page 23: ...Solwise SSR725 SDSL Ethernet Router User s Guide Chapter 4 PPPoA Router NAT configuration 23 Wait about 30 seconds for the router to reboot and the Status page should reload ...

Page 24: ...Chapter 4 PPPoA Router NAT configuration Solwise SSR725 SDSL Ethernet Router User s Guide 24 Now goto Configuration DSL Mode ...

Page 25: ...Solwise SSR725 SDSL Ethernet Router User s Guide Chapter 4 PPPoA Router NAT configuration 25 Select cpe b for UK Annex B DSL and then click on Apply ...

Page 26: ...Chapter 4 PPPoA Router NAT configuration Solwise SSR725 SDSL Ethernet Router User s Guide 26 Now goto the Configuration WAN Connections ...

Page 27: ...Solwise SSR725 SDSL Ethernet Router User s Guide Chapter 4 PPPoA Router NAT configuration 27 Delete and existing services shown ...

Page 28: ...Chapter 4 PPPoA Router NAT configuration Solwise SSR725 SDSL Ethernet Router User s Guide 28 ...

Page 29: ...Solwise SSR725 SDSL Ethernet Router User s Guide Chapter 4 PPPoA Router NAT configuration 29 Now you can add a new service so click on Create a new service ...

Page 30: ...Chapter 4 PPPoA Router NAT configuration Solwise SSR725 SDSL Ethernet Router User s Guide 30 Select PPPoA Routed and then click on Configure ...

Page 31: ... ISP Then put in the correct VPI VCI values for BT 0 38 Tick the box Enable NAT If you are on a KC phone line then set LLC Header to on for a BT line leave this as off Then select CHAP and enter your login name and password as supplied by your ISP PLEASE NOTE Even if your ISP doesn t provide a login password you MUST enter one just make one up Click on the Configure button ...

Page 32: ...Chapter 4 PPPoA Router NAT configuration Solwise SSR725 SDSL Ethernet Router User s Guide 32 Now goto Configuration Security ...

Page 33: ...Solwise SSR725 SDSL Ethernet Router User s Guide Chapter 4 PPPoA Router NAT configuration 33 Click on Add interface ...

Page 34: ...Chapter 4 PPPoA Router NAT configuration Solwise SSR725 SDSL Ethernet Router User s Guide 34 Select the iplan as type internal and click on Apply ...

Page 35: ...Solwise SSR725 SDSL Ethernet Router User s Guide Chapter 4 PPPoA Router NAT configuration 35 Now goto Configuration Save Config ...

Page 36: ...Chapter 4 PPPoA Router NAT configuration Solwise SSR725 SDSL Ethernet Router User s Guide 36 Save the configuration ...

Page 37: ...Solwise SSR725 SDSL Ethernet Router User s Guide Chapter 4 PPPoA Router NAT configuration 37 Wait for the Saved information message Now goto System Restart to reboot the router ...

Page 38: ...Chapter 4 PPPoA Router NAT configuration Solwise SSR725 SDSL Ethernet Router User s Guide 38 Wait for the router to restart ...

Page 39: ...Solwise SSR725 SDSL Ethernet Router User s Guide Chapter 4 PPPoA Router NAT configuration 39 The status page should display ...

Page 40: ...outer NAT configuration Solwise SSR725 SDSL Ethernet Router User s Guide 40 If you have the router connected to the ADSL service then after a while the R1483 Port line should show a green tick indicating ADSL connection ...

Page 41: ...SR725 SDSL Ethernet Router User s Guide Chapter 4 PPPoA Router NAT configuration 41 Now goto Show Statistics on the WAN interface entry on the bottom of the status page e g the one labeled kc in our example here ...

Page 42: ... IP address at the top of the ppp 0 status page should be valid i e NOT 0 0 0 0 If you do NOT see a valid IP address e g 0 0 0 0 then your router is not correctly logged in with the ISP In this case check the your login name and password see trouble shooting at the end of this guide You can now connect the router to the rest of your network ...

Page 43: ... Select Start Programs MS DOS Prompt Find the IP address of the Router s Ethernet port Then use TELNET to login the Router For example TELNET 192 168 7 1 in the example below the IP of the router in our test was set to 192 168 0 11 however you should use the correct IP address set for your router You will see that a telnet dialog pops up asking for your configuration Login name By default this is ...

Page 44: ...o the Router s console port Please configure your serial port as BPS 9600 Data bits 8 Parity None Stop Bits 1 Flow Control None Then do the following steps to log on to the Router via Microsoft HyperTerminal Select Start Programs Accessories HyperTerminal Enter a connection name and click OK Select properly COM port and click OK ...

Page 45: ...45 Enter the following parameters Bits per second 9600 Data bits 8 Parity None Stop bits 1 Flow Control None Then click OK When the HyperTerminal window appears you must press the enter key several time to get the command prompt for the Router s command line interface ...

Page 46: ...this is admin Then you need the password which by default is also admin Then the prompt should be shown with a successful login Now you are ready to configure the Router by using the command line interface CLI commands 5 1 3 Basic CLI syntax If you type help at the CLI prompt then the following instructions are given ...

Page 47: ...R725 SDSL Ethernet Router User s Guide Chapter 5 How to 47 This should explain the basic syntax used for command entry So if you press the current commands are listed This shows the complete list of CLI commands ...

Page 48: ...ls of all the CLI commands please refer to the CLI Reference Manual Remember after doing any changes in CLI mode you must enter the system config save command to store your settings If you don t do this then they may be lost after a power down or restart 5 2 Altering the LAN IP address of the router If you want to alter the LAN address of the router then click on Configuration LAN connection ...

Page 49: ...ate LAN subnet range on the same port useful if you want to configure ports forwarding or firewall settings for a separate LAN Then click on Apply Please note that once you change the LAN address you will then have to immediately change the IP address of your PC so you can see the router again Finally save the configuration and reset the router 5 3 Set up port forwarding Goto Configuration Securit...

Page 50: ...Chapter 5 How to Solwise SSR725 SDSL Ethernet Router User s Guide 50 Under Security Interfaces click on Advanced NAT Configuration ...

Page 51: ...Solwise SSR725 SDSL Ethernet Router User s Guide Chapter 5 How to 51 Then click on Add Reserved Mapping ...

Page 52: ... SSR725 SDSL Ethernet Router User s Guide 52 Now add the port mapping rule you require e g to forward the telnet port to point to the LAN port of the router so you can do remote configuration using telnet you should add 23 tcp ...

Page 53: ...Solwise SSR725 SDSL Ethernet Router User s Guide Chapter 5 How to 53 Enter the new rule and click on Add Reserved Mapping ...

Page 54: ...5 How to Solwise SSR725 SDSL Ethernet Router User s Guide 54 You should now save the new settings Configuration Save config 5 4 Configuring the Security Interface to allow Netmeeting Goto Configuration Security ...

Page 55: ...Solwise SSR725 SDSL Ethernet Router User s Guide Chapter 5 How to 55 Now click on Security Trigger Configuration at the bottom of the screen ...

Page 56: ...Chapter 5 How to Solwise SSR725 SDSL Ethernet Router User s Guide 56 Now click on New Trigger ...

Page 57: ...Solwise SSR725 SDSL Ethernet Router User s Guide Chapter 5 How to 57 The following settings are required for Netmeeting Now click on apply ...

Page 58: ...e given in the CLI manual This trigger will enable you to do outgoing Netmeeting and H 323 calls If you want to accept incoming H 323 calls then you need to set up a port forwarding rule on port 1720 TCP to point to your computer see below for details about how to set reserved port rules Remember to do System Save to store the settings 5 5 Configuring the Security Interface to allow ftp Some ftp a...

Page 59: ...attempting these attacks To configure intrusion detection you must first click on the Security NAT Firewall link on the left hand side under Configuration Make sure that Intrusion Detection is ticked as enabled Click Change State to change the state At the bottom of the screen is the Policies Triggers and Intrusion Detection section Click on Configure Intrusion Detection to configure the options f...

Page 60: ...o block certain types of traffic such as telnet access or FTP applications the 7x5 allows you to completely customise what you want to filter There are pre set security levels of none low medium high The tables below The following tables describe the default policies enabled in the firewall for each of the high medium and low security levels The tables tell you whether a certain service can be rec...

Page 61: ...03 x 3 x 3 X 3 SSH 22 x 3 x 3 X 3 LOW SECURITY LEVEL External Internal External DMZ DMZ Internal Service Port In Out In Out In Out http 80 x 3 3 3 3 3 dns 53 3 3 3 3 3 3 ftp 21 x 3 3 3 3 3 telnet 23 x 3 3 3 3 3 smtp 25 x 3 3 3 3 3 pop3 110 x 3 3 3 3 3 nntp 119 x 3 3 3 3 3 real audio video 7070 3 x 3 3 3 3 icmp N A 3 3 3 3 3 3 H 323 720 3 3 3 3 3 3 T 120 1503 3 3 3 3 3 3 SSH 22 3 3 3 3 3 3 These pr...

Page 62: ... State to change the state To modify what types of traffic you want to filter click on the Security Policy Configuration link under the Policies Triggers and Intrusion Detection section at the bottom of the screen Next click on New Policy The Security Add Policy screen will appear Select interfaces of type external to internal ...

Page 63: ...lock will block traffic from all hosts which have validators but allow traffic from all other hosts For example let s say that you DON T want client 192 168 7 5 on your network to be able to do any web access not sure why you d want to do this but it will serve as an example So this will be a block policy Then click on Apply Now you need to do two things Set up a port filter on port 80 as used for...

Page 64: ...e if you need a filter on TCP UDP or a filter to act upon any IP packet Raw IP For our example of blocking web access for our host on 192 168 7 5 you need to add a TCP filter So click on Add TCP Filter Now enter port number 80 for the start and end values then select Block for both inbound and outbound traffic Finally click on Apply ...

Page 65: ... Ethernet Router User s Guide Chapter 5 How to 65 Now go back to the Policy List click on link and from the Firewall Policy Configuration click on Host Validators under Policy Configuration Now click on Add Host Validator ...

Page 66: ...Chapter 5 How to Solwise SSR725 SDSL Ethernet Router User s Guide 66 Now enter the IP address and subnet for the host and then click on Apply You should now save the configuration and reset the router ...

Page 67: ...single user ISP account and it acts as a natural firewall stopping unsolicited incoming traffic However the disadvantage of NAT is that some software needs the IP address of the PC to be exposed to the outside world this is just what NAT stops For some applications you can get around this using port forwarding but not always In this case the only way around the problem is to turn NAT off and open ...

Page 68: ... SSR725 SDSL Ethernet Router User s Guide 68 Now note down the IP interface IP address you ll need this in the non NAT setup detailed below E g 213 249 178 39 Next you need to turn NAT off Goto Advanced Configuration Security ...

Page 69: ... is no NAT routing between the WAN internet and LAN your PC s sides of the router The next step is to assign the correct IP address to the LAN side of the router the IP address for the WAN side of the router should be automatically assigned to the router when it logs into the ISP see above Click on Configuration LAN connection ...

Page 70: ...masks of your clients with the rest of the IP addresses you received from your ISP With your PC setup with the new address you should now be able to login in the web configuration again using the new LAN address for the router To complete the multiple IP setup you now need to connect using console CLI mode You can do this using the serial port console or via telnet details of console connection ar...

Page 71: ...ide of the router are visible from the ISP internet along with your whole network i e you will have no security You are advised to configure the built in firewall to protect your LAN 5 8 Enabling DHCP Server Mode The 7x5 has an inbuilt DHCP server which you can use to assign IP addresses and TCP setup to your client computers To enable DHCP server goto Configuration DHCP server ...

Page 72: ...Chapter 5 How to Solwise SSR725 SDSL Ethernet Router User s Guide 72 To enable DHCP server you first of all need to goto Advanced Options and setup the Subnet parameters ...

Page 73: ...ow to 73 Things you should setup are Specify a start and end address values for the IP allocation range Specify the DNS value you want to send to the clients or tick the box to use the router as DNS relay Tick the box to use the router as the default gateway e g ...

Page 74: ...Chapter 5 How to Solwise SSR725 SDSL Ethernet Router User s Guide 74 Then click on OK Now click on Enable from the DHCP setup screen ...

Page 75: ...se times and control functions like allowing unknown clients these should be left at defaults unless you have specific reasons for changing them When you ve finished the configuration you must save the settings and do a router restart 5 9 Altering the configuration user name and password Goto Configuration Authentication ...

Page 76: ...DSL Ethernet Router User s Guide 76 First of all click on Create a new user On the next screen enter the new user details Remember to change the May login to true to enable the new user to login Then click on Create to set the new user ...

Page 77: ... starting your browser up and going to the router set up screen again Then try to enter and configuration screen You should be prompted to enter a username and password try the new one you ve created It should work Only when you ve proved the new user and password it works should you then go and delete the old admin user System Authentication Edit user and then click on Delete this user Yet again ...

Page 78: ...grade file you have is bin format then this is NOT the correct format to upgrade using the web interface Upgrade using bin files can only be done using xmodem or a bootp tftp server utility Assuming you have the correct firmware file from the web browser configuration screen go to the System Upgrade menu option Click on Browse to select the firmware file please note of the file was supplied zipped...

Page 79: ...outer User s Guide Chapter 6 Firmware Upgrade 79 Then Click on Upgrade and wait Firmware upgrade should only take a few minutes During this period do not touch the router or browser leave them alone until the upgrade file is loaded ...

Page 80: ... 9600bps 8 data 1 stop no parity none flow control details are given above on how to enter console mode If the prompt on the console screen is either or the word DEBUG or DSL or the MAC address of the router then the firmware s corrupted In which case you will have to manually reload the firmware files Here is the basic method for doing a manual full firmware upload First of all hold down the spac...

Page 81: ...ow be fully loaded 6 2 Using xmodem to upload the firmware files You can use the xmodem technique to upload either the bootcode or the main firmware files using a serial cable and terminal software for example Windows Hyperterminal Please note you will need firmware files which have the bin extension The tar extension file cannot be used this file type is for http upgrade only see above 6 2 1 Load...

Page 82: ...r s Guide 82 The router should now boot to the prompt It s now ready to accept the firmware file Type xmodem fast The router has now changed it s port speed to 38400 bps so you now need to change your terminal set up To do this on Hyperterminal select Call Disconnect ...

Page 83: ...Solwise SSR725 SDSL Ethernet Router User s Guide Chapter 6 Firmware Upgrade 83 Then File Properties The click on Configure ...

Page 84: ...are Upgrade Solwise SSR725 SDSL Ethernet Router User s Guide 84 Change the port speed to 38400 and then click on OK Then select Call Call Now you are ready to start sending the bootcode file Select Transfer Send file ...

Page 85: ...Solwise SSR725 SDSL Ethernet Router User s Guide Chapter 6 Firmware Upgrade 85 Click on browse so you can select the bootcode bin file called boot bin in this example Now you are ready to send the file ...

Page 86: ...Chapter 6 Firmware Upgrade Solwise SSR725 SDSL Ethernet Router User s Guide 86 Click on Send The file should now start to send Notice the Packet count goes up and the indicator bar starts to increase ...

Page 87: ...Solwise SSR725 SDSL Ethernet Router User s Guide Chapter 6 Firmware Upgrade 87 When the file send is finished then a screen similar to the following is shown You should now type quit ...

Page 88: ...e port speed of the router has changed back to the normal setting of 9600 so you need to change the set up of your terminal back to 9600 You should now see the MAC address prompt press enter maybe to bring the mac address prompt Now you need to enter the command flashfs rewrite boot bin ...

Page 89: ...ing to load the main firmware bin file as detailed below you should do the command Flashfs update This will update the flash filing system ready for the main bin file Don t use the update command unless you are prepared to immediately load the main firmware file You can now reboot your router power off on ...

Page 90: ... the router Details are given in the set up guide but in simple terms it s 9600 bps 8 data 1 stop no parity no flowcontrol Please note these instructions assume you are using Windows Hyperterminal If you are using another console programme then the same method applies though the actual terminal commands and screen may differ slightly Now switch your router on whilst holding the space bar down This...

Page 91: ...e Upgrade 91 The router should now boot to the prompt It s now ready to accept the firmware file Type xmodem fast The router has now changed it s port speed to 38400 bps so you now need to change your terminal set up To do this on Hyperterminal select Call Disconnect ...

Page 92: ...Chapter 6 Firmware Upgrade Solwise SSR725 SDSL Ethernet Router User s Guide 92 Then File Properties The click on Configure ...

Page 93: ...SDSL Ethernet Router User s Guide Chapter 6 Firmware Upgrade 93 Change the port speed to 38400 and then click on OK Then select Call Call Now you are ready to start sending the bootcode file Select Transfer Send file ...

Page 94: ...Chapter 6 Firmware Upgrade Solwise SSR725 SDSL Ethernet Router User s Guide 94 Click on browse so you can select the bootcode bin file called flash bin in this example Now you are ready to send the file ...

Page 95: ...apter 6 Firmware Upgrade 95 Click on Send The file should now start to send Notice the Packet count goes up and the indicator bar starts to increase When the file send is finished then a screen similar to the following is shown You should now type quit ...

Page 96: ...thernet Router User s Guide 96 Now the port speed of the router has changed back to the normal setting of 9600 so you need to change the set up of your terminal back to 9600 You should now see the Login prompt press enter maybe to bring the prompt up ...

Page 97: ...Solwise SSR725 SDSL Ethernet Router User s Guide Chapter 6 Firmware Upgrade 97 Login using the username and password normally admin and admin Now you need to enter the command console enable ...

Page 98: ...Chapter 6 Firmware Upgrade Solwise SSR725 SDSL Ethernet Router User s Guide 98 You should now see the IP address prompt Enter the command flashfs update to write the new firmware to flash ...

Page 99: ...Solwise SSR725 SDSL Ethernet Router User s Guide Chapter 6 Firmware Upgrade 99 When it s done you are now ready to reboot power off on ...

Page 100: ... Forum ILMI 4 0 ATM Forum LANE 1 0 client MTU 1516 over SVC only ATM supports AAL5 AAL3 4 AAL2 and AAL0 ATM Traffic shaping supports CBR and UBR VBR rt AND VBT nrt OAM F4 and F5 segment end to end loopback F4 on all VPIs F5 on VPI 0 only Bridging Bridge features conformance to IEEE 802 1d and supports spanning tree algorithm and protocol Routing RIP version 1 RFC 1058 and version 2 RFC 1723 ARP RF...

Page 101: ...er consumption 6W max through 9VDC 1000mA power adaptor Mechanical Size app 204mm width x 186mm depth x 35mm height Net Weight app 850 g Environmental Operating temperature 0 C 45 C ambient Humidity 5 95 non condensing Storage temperature 20 C 60 C G SHDSL Interoperability DSLAMs with Globespan G SHDSL chipset DSLAMs with Mindspeed G SHDSL chipset DSLAMs with Infineon G SHDSL chipset DSLAMs with M...

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Page 103: ...lephone network PSTN However due to differences between the individual PSTNs provided in different countries the approval does not of itself give an unconditional assurance of successful operation on every PSTN network termination point In the event of problem you should contact your equipment supplier in the first instance Note The manufacturer should ensure that the vendor and user of the equipm...

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Page 105: ... decimal notation The IP address 20 56 0 211 is read twenty dot fifty six dot zero dot two eleven 9 1 1 Structure of an IP address IP addresses have a hierarchical design similar to that of telephone numbers For example a 7 digit telephone number starts with a 3 digit prefix that identifies a group of thousands of telephone lines and ends with four digits that identify one specific line in that gr...

Page 106: ...ld 254 hosts at most but the total possible number of class C networks exceeds 2 million 2 097 152 to be exact LANs connected to the Internet are usually class C networks Some important notes regarding IP addresses The class can be determined easily from field1 field1 1 126 Class A field1 128 191 Class B field1 192 223 Class C field1 values not shown are reserved for special uses A host ID can hav...

Page 107: ... the usual 0 to 255 for a class C address Similarly to split a class C network into four subnets the mask is 255 255 255 192 or 11111111 11111111 11111111 11000000 The two extra bits in field4 can have four values 00 01 10 11 so there are four subnets Each subnet uses the remaining six bits in field4 for its host IDs ranging from 0 to 63 Note Sometimes a subnet mask does not specify any additional...

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Page 109: ...f 2 1 2 4 8 16 etc For example Decimal Binary 1 000 s 100 s 10 s 1 s 8 s 4 s 2 s 1 s 1 3 1 1 0 1 Also since binary uses only two digits to represent all numbers a binary number has more digits than the same number in decimal In the example above you can see that the decimal number 13 is the same as the binary number 1101 8 4 1 13 10 1 1 Bits and bytes Computers handle binary numbers by grouping th...

Page 110: ...Chapter 10 Appendix D Binary Numbers Solwise SSR725 SDSL Ethernet Router User s Guide 110 The decimal value of this byte is 173 128 32 8 4 1 173 ...

Page 111: ...09 191 4 240 is 11010001 10111111 00000100 11110000 in binary See also bit IP address network mask bit Short for binary digit a bit is a number that can have two values 0 or 1 See also binary bps bits per second bridging Passing data from your network to your ISP and vice versa using the hardware addresses of the devices at each location Bridging contrasts with routing which can add more intellige...

Page 112: ...web site e g http www globespan net index html See also DNS download To transfer data in the downstream direction i e from the Internet to the user DSL Digital Subscriber Line A technology that allows both digital data and analog voice signals to travel over existing copper telephone lines Ethernet The most commonly installed computer network technology usually using twisted pair wiring Ethernet d...

Page 113: ...ith adjacent routers A multicast group of computers is one whose members have designated as interested in receiving specific content from the others Multicasting to an IGMP group can be used to simultaneously update the address books of a group of mobile computer users or to send company newsletters to a distribution list in line filter See microfilter Internet The global collection of interconnec...

Page 114: ...etween public and private IP addresses on your LAN network A group of computers that are connected together allowing them to communicate with each other and share resources such as software files etc A network can be small such as a LAN or very large such as the Internet network mask A network mask is a sequence of bits applied to an IP address to select the network ID while ignoring the host ID B...

Page 115: ...le an employee away on travel who logs in to the company s intranet is a remote user RIP Routing Information Protocol The original TCP IP routing protocol There are two versions of RIP version I and version II RJ 11 Registered Jack Standard 11 The standard plug used to connect telephones fax machines modems etc to a telephone jack It is a 6 pin connector usually containing four wires RJ 45 Registe...

Page 116: ...ible for delivering the packets from source to destination When TCP and IP are bundled with higher level applications such as HTTP FTP Telnet etc TCP IP refers to this whole suite of protocols Telnet An interactive character based program used to access a remote computer While HTTP the web protocol and FTP only allow you to download files from a remote computer Telnet allows you to log into and us...

Page 117: ... sites and displays the information which may consist of text graphic images audio or video to the user Web browsers use Hyper Text Transfer Protocol HTTP Popular web browsers include Netscape Navigator and Microsoft Internet Explorer See also HTTP web site WWW Web page A web site file typically containing text graphics and hyperlinks cross references to the other pages on that web site as well as...

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