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SMA

 

Technologie AG

Troubleshooting/Problem Solving

User Manual

SI3324/4248-14:FE2406

Page 55

11  Troubleshooting/Problem Solving

11.1 List of Fault Displays

The meaning of fault messages displayed by the Sunny Island 3324/4248 are
explained in the following table:

Fault display

Cause

Fault correction

CBT-Open

The battery temperature sensor is
missing or not correctly connected.

Please contact your installer.

The battery temperature sensor cable is
defective.

Please contact your installer.

CBT-Short

Short-circuit in the battery temperature
sensor.

Please contact your installer.

The battery temperature sensor cable is
defective.

Please contact your installer.

ChargeLow

This fault occurs when the battery state
remains in the critical area for an
extended period of time ("Critical"), i.e.
the batteries have not been charged in
time (see section 6.3 "Deep Discharge
Protection / Battery State" (page 39)). 
Possible causes:

The Sunny Island 3324/4248 can be
started to charge the batteries after the
fault has been confirmed. 
Requirements: 
The system has enough energy available
for charging the batteries from a
generator or the public grid.

The generator does not start when
requested by the Sunny Island 3324/
4248.

Check the generator fuses.

Check the fuel supply (diesel).

Energy consumption is higher than that
provided by the power generator (e.g.
PV generator).

Switch off the energy consumers/loads.

CHS-Open

Device fault

Please contact your instller or the SMA
hotline (see section 14 "Contact"
(page 65)).

CHS-Short

Device fault

Please contact your instller or the SMA
hotline (see section 14 "Contact"
(page 65)).

CTR-Open

Device fault

Please contact your instller or the SMA
hotline (see section 14 "Contact"
(page 65)).

CTR-Short

Device fault

Please contact your instller or the SMA
hotline (see section 14 "Contact"
(page 65)).

FailSet

Device fault

Please contact your instller or the SMA
hotline (see section 14 "Contact"
(page 65)).

HotACout

The Sunny Island
3324/4248 will
not start because
voltage already
exists on the AC
output terminals. 

Please contact your installer.

Summary of Contents for Sunny Island 3324

Page 1: ...Sunny Island 3324 4248 User Manual User Manual Version 4 0 SI3324 4248 14 FE2406 TBE SI4248 ...

Page 2: ......

Page 3: ...nstructions 15 3 1 Important Notes Regarding Operation 15 4 Operation Commisioning 17 4 1 Control Elements 17 4 1 1 Explanation of the Light emitting Diodes LEDs 18 4 1 2 Display 18 4 1 3 Power Display 19 4 1 4 Relay Status 19 4 2 Activation and Deactivation 20 4 2 1 Activation and Startup 20 4 2 2 Stopping 21 4 2 3 Deactivation 21 4 2 4 Restarting the Automatic Shutdown 22 4 3 Menu Structure Over...

Page 4: ...ntrol 36 6 2 Silent Mode 38 6 3 Deep Discharge Protection Battery State 39 7 Frequency Shift Power Control FSPC 41 8 Automatic Frequency Adjustment 43 9 Maintenance and Care 45 9 1 Housing 45 9 2 Cleaning the Fans 45 9 3 Display 45 9 4 Functioning 46 9 5 Battery 46 10 Parameter Lists 47 10 1 Menu Structure Overview 47 10 2 Displayed Measurement Values 49 10 3 Adjustable System Parameters 51 10 4 S...

Page 5: ...SMA Technologie AG User Manual SI3324 4248 14 FE2406 Page 5 12 Technical Data 61 13 CE Declaration of Conformity 63 14 Contact 65 15 Glossary 67 ...

Page 6: ...SMA Technologie AG Page 6 SI3324 4248 14 FE2406 User Manual ...

Page 7: ...ay only be used in the intended area of application i e it is only approved for use in 50 Hz grids Do not use the Sunny Island 3324 4248 for purposes other than those indicated in this installation manual Use of the inverter for inappropriate purposes voids the warranty For further questions you can call the Sunny Island hotline at 49 561 95 22 399 1 2 Symbols Used To ensure optimum use of these i...

Page 8: ...Notes on this Manual SMA Technologie AG Page 8 SI3324 4248 14 FE2406 User Manual ...

Page 9: ... batteries allowing stable operation of connected loads and power generation devices e g PV inverters Energy sources can also be connected on the DC side as long as the specified limits are not exceeded see section 12 Technical Data page 61 The Sunny Island 3324 4248 is able to control a starter contact for a generator and automatically connect or disconnect it to an AC grid see section 5 Generato...

Page 10: ...ontroller DC DC converter PV Fuel Cell Battery Auto Start Generator Utility Photovoltaik Str ingwechselrich ter Photovoltaic string inverter Betrieb Operation Erdschluss Earth Fault Störung Failure SWR 3000 Windy Boy Betrieb Operation Erdschluss Earth Fault Störung Failure Betrieb Operation Erdschluss Earth Fault Störung Failure POW ER SYSTE M REPO RT MEM ORY SMAC OM NETC OM USBC OM Sunny WebBox B...

Page 11: ... S_IN S_OUT S_IN S_OUT S_IN S_OUT FAN TBAT2 FAN TBAT1 FAN TBAT2 FAN TBAT1 LOAD_S G_REQ LOAD_S G_REQ LOAD_S G_REQ LOAD_S G_REQ CTS RXD S_GND TXD CTS RXD S_GND TXD Shield CAN_H C_GND CAN_L Shield CAN_H C_GND CAN_L ENTER ESC MM MM MM MM MM MM MM MM MM MM MM MM MM MM MM MM MM Equipment Ground Equipment Ground DC Negative DC Negative DC Positive DC Positive OFF OFF Socket for Piggy Back communication D...

Page 12: ...nny Data software see below Allows connection of a PC laptop for communicating with the Sunny Island 3324 4248 in order to set parameters and for data read outs SMA Technologie AG also offers an extensive range of products allowing you to communicate with the Sunny Island 3324 4248 for data read outs and much more Among these devices are Sunny Boy Control Sunny Boy Control Plus WebBox The Sunny Da...

Page 13: ...erters for feeding in from fuel cell systems 2 5 Type Plate Firmware Version You can identify the Sunny Island 3324 4248 from the type plate and the firmware version The type plate is located on the left side of the housing when the Sunny Island 3324 4248 hangs vertically on the wall bracket You can call up the firmware version of your Sunny Island 3324 4248 under the 31 2 FWVers parameter see sec...

Page 14: ...The Sunny Island 3324 4248 SMA Technologie AG Page 14 SI3324 4248 14 FE2406 User Manual ...

Page 15: ...land 3324 4248 may only be performed by a qualified electrician Only qualified personnel may alter the settings of the Sunny Island 3324 4248 The settings are protected by the installer password All of the instructions in the installation manual must be observed Before commissioning the Sunny Island 3324 4248 read the instructions in the relevant sections of this operating manual regarding the Sun...

Page 16: ...nstructions and general instructions in the installation manual must be observed Use only rechargeable lead acid batteries The use of other types of battery can lead to personal injury and material damage Open flame or smoking in the vicinity of the battery is NOT permitted under ANY CIRCUMSTANCES Take care to ensure that no metal parts fall onto the battery This could short circuit the battery or...

Page 17: ...can be seen in the figure below The following table shows the key functions The DC circuit breaker switches the Sunny Island 3324 4248 on and off Note that all voltage sources batteries stand alone grid generator must be disconnected from the Sunny Island 3324 4248 before the inverter is free of voltage see section 4 2 Activation and Deactivation page 20 Key Function ESC cancel NO response leave c...

Page 18: ...p and down the menus During normal operation the Sunny Island 3324 4248 shows the relative output power the operating mode of the inverter the generator status e g L see section 4 6 Generator Request page 26 fault messages and the status of the load shedding and generator control relay Green LED Red LED Operating mode ON ON INIT initialization phase Standby ON Operation BLINKING Derating power red...

Page 19: ...half of its nominal output 4 1 4 Relay Status In the lower right hand corner of the green display screen appear two O s Load shedding the left O indicates the status of the load shedding relay of the Sunny Island 3324 4248 O stands for Off or Open If the relay closes the O is filled Generator Start the O on the right hand side indicates the status of the generator control relay in the same manner ...

Page 20: ...248 starts up 6 A single beep is heard The green LED on the control panel of the Sunny Island 3324 4248 illuminates This step assumes that the Sunny Island 3324 4248 has been checked for correct connections voltages and polarities by your electrician and that it has already been commissioned If this is not the case have this checked by a qualified electrician If the inverter does not display the T...

Page 21: ...possible 2 Press and hold the ESC key until the To stop press ENTER message appears 3 Press ENTER 4 The Sunny Island 3324 4248 stops and enters standby mode 5 The message To start press ENTER is displayed The green LED on the control panel of the Sunny Island 3324 4248 goes out 4 2 3 Deactivation To switch off the Sunny Island 3324 4248 proceed as follows Note that all connected loads are no longe...

Page 22: ...is finished the message To start press ENTER is displayed Press the ENTER key Note that the Sunny Island 3324 4248 is securely deactivated only once it has also been disconnected from all voltage sources on the AC side Otherwise the inverter is NOT securely voltage free The housing is not to be opened under any circumstances For repair work or maintenance contact qualified electrician Further inst...

Page 23: ...eries 23 Battery Settings and the generator 24 Generator Settings 3 Diagnose Under the main menu 30 Diagnose are two different submenus allowing various diagnostic parameters to be viewed These are system data 31 System Information and fault messages 32 Error Information 4 Operation The main menu 40 Operation allows viewing and changing of the operating parameters e g 40 8 SunnyBoys Please consult...

Page 24: ...ator 13 4 PacGenerator 21 1 Level 00 22 1 VacNominal 23 1 VdcBatNominal 23 2 BatType 23 3 AmpHoursBat 23 4 AmpdcBatMax 24 1 GenControl 24 2 AmpacGenMax 24 3 GenOperation 31 1 DeviceConfig 31 2 FWVERS 31 3 SerNum 31 4 RunTime 32 1 Last 32 2 Hist 11 Inverter Meters 12 Battery Meters 13 Generator Meters 21 Password Settings 22 Inverter Settings 23 Battery Settings 24 Generator Settings 31 System Info...

Page 25: ...n the tables in section 10 3 Adjustable System Parameters page 51 and section10 5 Operation Operation page 54 If you press the ENTER key the Enter arrow begins to blink and you can then use the arrow keys or to change the current parameter value As soon as the desired value appears in the display press the ENTER key to save the new value or press the ESC key to discard the changes and exit the men...

Page 26: ...y lie within the defined limits see Generator Settings parameters 24 4 to 24 8 installer level The generator voltage and or frequency lie outside the defined limits see Generator Settings parameters 24 4 to 24 8 installer level The Sunny Island 3324 4248 will not connect the generator to the stand alone grid while this situation exists The maximum permissible generator reverse power 24 11 PGenReve...

Page 27: ... generator The user switched the optional GenMan switch to ON The GenMan automatically started the generator due to a too low starter battery voltage The Sunny Island 3324 4248 automatically switches to an external voltage source displayed in backup systems as long as the public grid is present In all three situations the Sunny Island 3324 4248 CANNOT start or stop the generator but may charge the...

Page 28: ...nu and an E for error is displayed in the lower right hand corner of the green display screen The E is displayed until the user has checked the error in the error menu Once the error has been checked the E disappears from the screen The list of errors comprises ten errors and remains intact even if the Sunny Island 3324 4248 is deactivated If more errors occur the oldest error in the list is overw...

Page 29: ...unction with a Sunny Island 3324 4248 Please contact your installer or system manufacturer for recommendations regarding a specific generator 5 1 2 Manual Start Generators Generators which are activated manually need to be started by the user by means of a button or other activation procedure These generators are structured more simply and generally cost less 5 2 Generator Parameters If you wish t...

Page 30: ...eter limits see parameter 24 2 and 24 4 to 24 7 the Sunny Island 3324 4248 connects to the generator The parameter settings are intended for generators that cannot be automatically started Since in these cases the Sunny Island 3324 4248 GenRequest relay is not used for directly starting the generator it can here provide a signal transmitter for the stand alone grid user Possible reasons for a gene...

Page 31: ...ntact for starting In addition to setting the parameter the generator must also be integrated into the system using the optional GenMan device SMA order number SI GenMan Information on installation and parameter settings can be found in the GenMan handbook The reasons for a generator request from the Sunny Island 3324 4248 are the same as those listed under Direct with these two exceptions The Sun...

Page 32: ...est The user can use the 24 3 GenOperation parameter to start the generator directly Only use the settings 1 4 when you have set the 24 1 GenControl parameter see section 5 2 3 Generator Request page 32 to Direct or GenMan Setting 5 Release is also useful under the Manual setting Five different settings are possible for the 24 3 GenOperation parameter Take note of the messages in the display see s...

Page 33: ...ed back into the generator for up to five seconds If the reverse power exceeds this value then the generator grid is disconnected and the Sunny Island 3324 4248 switches to stand alone grid operation The generator or grid cannot now be reconnected for a period of 20 minutes Setting the 24 3 GenOperation parameter to Release removes this lockout After Release has The Sunny Island 3324 4248 can not ...

Page 34: ...nologie AG Page 34 SI3324 4248 14 FE2406 User Manual been activated the 24 3 GenOperation parameter is automatically reset to the Auto value and the Sunny Island 3324 4248 can again synchronize to the public grid or the generator ...

Page 35: ...on with simpler devices All types of lead acid batteries are supported The battery management system draws a distinction between sealed lead acid batteries with liquid electrolyte FLA Flooded Lead Acid and the sealed lead acid batteries with semi solid electrolyte VRLA Valve Regulated Lead Acid All Gel and Absorbed Glass Mat batteries belong to the last group AGM Absorbent Glass MateSeparator The ...

Page 36: ...phase begins At this level the battery voltage is maintained at a constant level resulting in a continually decreasing battery current The Sunny Island 3324 4248 remains in this phase for the period of time defined for this phase parameters 12 6 TabsorbLeft Once this phase is finished the Sunny Island 3324 4248 enters the float charge that again provides constant current charging but at a greatly ...

Page 37: ...very eight charging throughputs with the aim of fully recharging the batteries to remove any negative effects caused by insufficient charging Various studies have shown that regular full charging every two to four weeks can double the battery service life in off grid systems A battery bank consists of many series connected individual battery cells 2 V each each of which having a slightly different...

Page 38: ...l 96 mV C for a 48 V battery and reduced by the same amount at temperatures above 20 C The maximum permissible battery temperature is also monitored and the system switches off with a fault if the limit is exceeded 23 18 TBatMax parameter 6 2 Silent Mode When operating with the public grid in addition to the float charge a silent mode exists The main purpose of the silent mode is to save energy in...

Page 39: ... battery states As long as the Sunny Island 3324 4248 has not detected a deep discharge then it is in the battery state BatState Normal As soon as the first level of deep discharge is reached the Sunny Island 3324 4248 switches to the Warning state This can be used to start a generator If the batteries are further discharged despite the warning then the battery state now jumps to the next deep dis...

Page 40: ...3324 4248 automatically switches to standby mode to avoid any further deep discharge If the battery voltage does not recover within 30 minutes then the Sunny Island 3324 4248 switches completely off A complete switch off can be recognized by the fact that the DC circuit breaker is switched on but the display remains dark and no voltage is present at the AC output terminals Once fully switched off ...

Page 41: ...gy from overcharging the batteries the Sunny Island 3324 4248 recognizes this situation and changes the frequency of the AC output This frequency adjustment is analyzed by the Sunny Boy As soon as the grid frequency increases beyond the value specified by Fac Start delta the Sunny Boy limits its output power accordingly This function is shown in the following figure The frequency increase is 5 Hz ...

Page 42: ...Frequency Shift Power Control FSPC SMA Technologie AG Page 42 SI3324 4248 14 FE2406 User Manual ...

Page 43: ...FRequency Adjustment AFRA function of the Sunny Island 3324 4248 allows the use of grid coupled clocks in these types of stand alone systems By counting all positive zero crossing points full waves at the inverter output of the Sunny Island 3324 4248 in both battery charging operation and inverter operation the inverter constantly measures the actual frequency These values are compared with the de...

Page 44: ...Automatic Frequency Adjustment SMA Technologie AG Page 44 SI3324 4248 14 FE2406 User Manual ...

Page 45: ...h Solvents abrasives or corrosive materials must not be used for cleaning 9 2 Cleaning the Fans The cleaning intervals depend on the ambient conditions We recommend inspecting the filters at least once a month If the fans are covered with loose dust you can clean them with the aid of a vacuum cleaner recommended or a soft brush Clean the fans only when at a standstill If it is necessary to replace...

Page 46: ...cted by a qualified electrician To ensure optimal operation the operator should regularly check the entries in the Sunny Island 3324 4248 error list at short intervals monthly or even weekly especially during the first months after commissioning This can help to discover hidden faults in the installation or errors in the configuration 9 5 Battery The battery must be checked and maintained regularl...

Page 47: ...ry measurements 12 Battery Meters and generator measurements 13 Generator Meters Individual measurement values can be seen in the next two menu levels 2 Settings Under the main menu 20 Settings are four different submenus allowing various system parameters to be viewed and changed This affects password entry 21 Password Settings and all system parameters relating to the Sunny Island 3324 4248 22 I...

Page 48: ... 13 4 PacGenerator 21 1 Level 00 22 1 VacNominal 23 1 VdcBatNominal 23 2 BatType 23 3 AmpHoursBat 23 4 AmpdcBatMax 24 1 GenControl 24 2 AmpacGenMax 24 3 GenOperation 31 1 DeviceConfig 31 2 FWVERS 31 3 SerNum 31 4 RunTime 32 1 Last 32 2 Hist 11 Inverter Meters 12 Battery Meters 13 Generator Meters 21 Password Settings 22 Inverter Settings 23 Battery Settings 24 Generator Settings 31 System Informat...

Page 49: ...ltage 0 to 80 VDC N A Battery voltage 12 2 BatCurrent 200 to 200 ADC N A Battery current 12 3 BatTemp 40 to 200 C N A Battery temperature 12 4 BatState Normal Warning Low Critical N A Battery state 12 5 BatChargeMode Boost Full Float Equalize N A Battery charging process 12 6 TabsorbLeft 0 to max min N A An absorption period is assigned to every charging process The Sunny Island 3324 4248 must kee...

Page 50: ...me Range unit Default Description 13 1 VacGenerator 0 to 260 VAC N A Inverter input voltage AC input 13 2 AmpacGenerat 60 to 60 AAC N A Inverter input current AC input 13 3 FacGenerator 0 to 70 Hz N A Inverter input frequency AC input 13 4 PacGenerator 20 to 20 kWAC N A Inverter input power AC input ...

Page 51: ...oltage No Name Range unit Default Description 23 1 VdcBatNominal see section 11 4 SI4248 42 to 48 VDC 48 Nominal battery voltage SI3324 20 to 24 VDC 24 23 2 BatType see section 11 4 VRLA FLA VRLA The type of battery used in the system VRLA Gel Absorbed Glass Mat battery FLA battery with liquid electrolyte These parameters must be set when first commissioning the system After this the value can onl...

Page 52: ...te If the system load exceeds this value the Sunny Island 3324 4248 will not switch to the generator to avoid overloading it Ensure that a sensible value is entered here 24 3 GenOperation B Auto Start Stop Run1h Release Auto Auto Automatic start of the generator is activated Start The generator is immediately started the display shows S Remember to stop the generator again when you no longer requi...

Page 53: ...1 DeviceConfig N A N A Name of the inverter 31 2 FWVers N A N A Version number of the firmware installed in the inverter 31 3 SerNum N A N A Inverter s serial number 31 4 RunTime Hours N A Inverter s operational hours No Name Range unit Default Description 32 1 Last N A N A The last fault that occurred in the system 32 2 Hist N A N A The last ten faults that occurred in the system ...

Page 54: ...ning All parameters can be set using a connected PC laptop with the Sunny Data Control software a Sunny WebBox or a Sunny Boy Control No Name Range unit Default Description 40 1 BatChargeMode B Auto Boost Full Equalize Auto Direct triggering of a battery charging process Auto The inverter automatically triggers the different battery charging processes The selection of any other mode causes the inv...

Page 55: ...unny Island 3324 4248 can be started to charge the batteries after the fault has been confirmed Requirements The system has enough energy available for charging the batteries from a generator or the public grid The generator does not start when requested by the Sunny Island 3324 4248 Check the generator fuses Check the fuel supply diesel Energy consumption is higher than that provided by the power...

Page 56: ... section 14 Contact page 65 INTERNAL02 Device fault Please contact your instller or the SMA hotline see section 14 Contact page 65 INTERNAL03 Device fault Please contact your instller or the SMA hotline see section 14 Contact page 65 INTERNAL04 Device fault Please contact your instller or the SMA hotline see section 14 Contact page 65 INTERNAL05 Automatic confirmation Restart If this fault frequen...

Page 57: ...a heavy load The Sunny Island 3324 4248 can only restart when the transformer has cooled by a minimum of 5 C Place the Sunny Island 3324 4248 in standby mode for a few minutes to allow the fans to cool the inverter Switch off some of the connected loads in the stand alone grid to avoid immediately overloading the Sunny Island 3324 4248 after a restart If the 40 2 Autostart parameter is set to On t...

Page 58: ...quest is open The generator was manually started even though the 24 1 GenControl parameter is set to Direct see page 30 or GenMan see page 31 Set the 24 3 GenOperation parameter to Run1h see page 33 The Sunny Island 3324 4248 switches to the generator for a period of one hour After one hour the generator is automatically switched off by the Sunny Island 3324 4248 and the 24 3 GenOperation paramete...

Page 59: ...t Limit page 32 is too high Set the 24 2 AmpacGenMax parameter to a value that is 85 of the nominal generator current The limits for the maximum permissible AC voltage or the minimum permissible frequency of the generator are too strict Increase the limits for voltage and or frequency according to the technical data of your generator 5 The stand alone grid frequency is not 50 Hz The Sunny Boy inve...

Page 60: ...Troubleshooting Problem Solving SMA Technologie AG Page 60 SI3324 4248 14 FE2406 User Manual ...

Page 61: ...72 5 to 250 V Input frequency fext adjustable 50 Hz 40 to 60 Hz 50 Hz 40 to 60 Hz Max AC input current IAC ext adjustable 56 A 2 to 56 A 56 A 2 to 56 A Max input power PAC ext 12 8 kW 12 8 kW Battery data Battery voltage VBat nom adjustable 24 VDC 21 to 32 VDC 48 VDC 41 to 63 VDC Max battery charging current IBat max 140 ADC 100 ADC Continuous charging current IBat nom 104 ADC 80 ADC Battery capac...

Page 62: ...ling a diesel generator RS485 RS232 galvanically isolated optional 2 LEDs 4 buttons two line display 1 relay for load shedding 1 relay for controlling a diesel generator RS485 RS232 galvanically isolated optional Mechanical data Width x height x depth 390 x 590 x 245 mm 390 x 590 x 245 mm Weight 39 kg approx 39 kg approx Ambient conditions Ambient temperature from 25 C to 50 C from 25 C to 50 C Mi...

Page 63: ...ging operation DIN EN 61000 6 1 2002 08 DIN EN 61000 6 2 2002 08 DIN EN 61000 6 3 2002 08 DIN EN 61000 6 4 2002 08 The above mentioned device is therefore marked with a CE sign Note This declaration of conformity becomes invalid in case the product is modified complemented or changed and or components other than those belonging to the SMA accessories are installed in the product as well as in case...

Page 64: ...CE Declaration of Conformity SMA Technologie AG Page 64 SI3324 4248 14 FE2406 User Manual ...

Page 65: ...ng information ready when you call us Type of inverter Serial number of the Sunny Island 3324 4248 Firmware version Fault message shown in the display Battery size and battery type Type and size of additional energy sources generators PV systems PV inverters Communications products used Address SMA Technologie AG Hannoversche Straße 1 5 34266 Niestetal Germany Tel 49 561 95 22 399 Fax 49 561 95 22...

Page 66: ...Contact SMA Technologie AG Page 66 SI3324 4248 14 FE2406 User Manual ...

Page 67: ...ey usually have very good high current properties but are not very charge cycle resistant Ah Abbreviation for Ampere hours Unit of electrical charge one ampere hour is the charge provided by a constant current of 1 A over a period of one hour Backup system Backup systems are power supply systems that provide an extra level of security for standard power supply systems The public grid is usually th...

Page 68: ...nnection of several identical batteries Battery banks of 12 V 24 V 48 V and 60 V are typical Boost charge Rapid charging Allows the batteries to be charged to a level of approx 85 90 in the shortest time and the most efficient manner Bulk phase I Phase The charging phase in which charging can be done using the maximum allowable charging current Capacity Describes the storage capability of a cell o...

Page 69: ...iation for Digital Signal Processor A DSP is a microprocessor chip especially developed for digital signal processing and control Electrolyte Allows the conduction of ions within a battery In lead acid batteries the electrolyte is diluted sulfuric acid and is also a reactant in the electrochemical reaction Nickel Cadmium batteries use an alkaline electrolyte potassium hydroxide EPROM See Flash EEP...

Page 70: ...ries to a level of approx 95 on a regular basis at least once a month This efficiently avoids premature aging of the batteries caused by inadequate charging Gel battery A type of battery in which the electrolyte a mixture of water and sulfuric acid is bound into a gel This is a type of sealed lead acid battery A gas mixture hydrogen and oxygen is always generated when lead acid batteries are charg...

Page 71: ... grid Maximum Power Point MPP The working point current voltage characteristic curve of a PV generator where the maximum power can be drawn The actual MMP changes constantly depending e g on the level of solar irradiation and the ambient temperature MPP tracker Regulation of the power drawn so that a PV generator remains as close as possible to the MPP This working point varies with the solar irra...

Page 72: ...voltage of 24 V but have a capacity of 100 Ah 100 Ah 200 Ah Piggy Back Board A printed circuit board that is plugged into another board to increase performance or expand capabilities A piggy back board can also replace a single chip In this case the chip is removed and the board is plugged into the empty socket PLC Abbreviation for Power Line Communication Describes the process of data transfer ov...

Page 73: ...charge level of the batteries see Charge level If e g 25 Ah is taken from a 100 Ah battery the charge level SOC is then 75 Solar energy Sun energy this means energy from sunlight or other solar irradiation heat and or UV radiation Solar module Electrical connection of several solar cells encapsulated in a housing to protect the sensitive cells from mechanical stress and environmental effects Solar...

Page 74: ...antages of the central inverter concept The PV is split into individual strings each of which is connected to the external mains supply with its own string inverter This greatly simplifies installation and greatly reduces the yield losses caused by manufacturing deviations or variations in shadowing of the solar modules VRLA Valve Regulated Lead Acid battery Lead acid battery with semi solid elect...

Page 75: ...SMA Technologie AG User Manual SI3324 4248 14 FE2406 Seite 75 ...

Page 76: ... or supplied software without authority The product malfunctions due to operating attached or neighboring devices beyond statutory limit values In case of unforeseen calamity or force majeure Software licensing The use of supplied software produced by SMA Technologie AG is subject to the following conditions This software may be copied for internal company purposes and may be installed on any numb...

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Page 80: ...SMA de Sales Solar Technology SMA Technologie AG Hannoversche Strasse 1 5 34266 Niestetal Germany Tel 49 561 9522 4000 Fax 49 561 9522 4040 E Mail Info SMA de Freecall 800 SUNNYBOY Freecall 800 78669269 Innovation in Systems Technology for the Success of Photovoltaics ...

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