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Respiratory Gating

Prospective respiratory triggering ver-
sus retrospective respiratory gating

With prospective respiratory triggering, the lung vol-
ume for example is covered in a "step-and-shoot" tech-
nique. The patient's respiratory signal is used to start 
sequential scans at a predefined respiratory level of 
the patient' s respiratory curve. With retrospective res-
piratory gating, the lung volume is covered continu-
ously by a spiral scan. The patient's respiratory signal is 
recorded simultaneously to allow a retrospective selec-
tion of the respiratory level used for image reconstruc-
tion. Prospective respiratory triggering has the benefit 
of smaller patient dose than respiratory-gated spiral 
scanning, since scan data is acquired at the previously 
selected respiratory level only. It does not, however 
provide continuous volume coverage with overlapping 
slices and misregistration of anatomical details may 
occur. Furthermore, reconstruction of images in differ-
ent levels of the respiratory cycle for functional evalu-
ation needs repeated CT examination of each of the 
desired respiration levels along the same volume in z-
direction using Prospective Triggering technique. Since 
respiratory triggered sequential scanning depends on 
a reliable prediction of the patient's next Inspiration 
maximum and expiration minimum, the method 
should not be used for patients with arrhythmic 
breathing and irregular respiratory rates and the affin-
ity to cough and to sigh. 

Summary of Contents for SOMATOM

Page 1: ...SOMATOM Emotion 6 16 slice configuration Application Guide Protocols Principles Helpful Hints Software Version syngo CT 2007E ...

Page 2: ...n connection with such use The Operating Instructions must always be strictly followed when operating the MR CT System The source for the technical data is the corresponding data sheets The pertaining operating instructions must always be strictly followed when operating the SOMATOM Emotion 6 16 slice configuration The statutory source for the technical data are the corresponding data sheets We ex...

Page 3: ...8 Dose Information 42 Workflow Information 64 Contrast Medium 122 Application Information 136 Head 162 Neck 204 Shoulder 218 Thorax 226 Abdomen 262 Spine 294 Pelvis 314 Upper Extremities 332 Lower Extremities 346 Vascular 360 Specials 416 Radiation Therapy 462 ...

Page 4: ...4 Overview Respiratory Gating 484 Children 508 ...

Page 5: ...Overview 5 ...

Page 6: ...an 22 UFC detector 23 Acquisition Slice Collimation and Slice Width 24 SOMATOM Emotion 16 slice configuration 25 SOMATOM Emotion 6 slice configuration 26 Increment 27 Pitch 27 Kernels 28 Head Kernels 32 Child Head Kernels 32 Body Kernels 33 Special Application Kernels 33 Extended FoV 34 Auto FoV 35 Neuro Modes 37 Automatic Bone Correction 38 Positioning 39 Image Filters 40 Dose Information 42 CTDI...

Page 7: ...s 71 2 Oblique Double oblique Reconstructions 71 Non square Matrix for 3D Recon 76 Case Examples for 3D Recon and Non Square Matrix 77 Workflow 79 Patient Position 79 Auto Reference Lines 79 Navigation within the Topogram 80 API Language 81 e Logbook 83 e Logbook Configuration 83 e Logbook subtask card area 87 e Logbook Browser 88 Study Continuation 91 Reconstruction on the syngo CT Workplace 92 E...

Page 8: ...30 Application Information 136 SOMATOM LifeNet 136 General Information 136 Key Features 137 SOMATOM LifeNet offline 138 SOMATOM LifeNet online 140 Image Converter 147 Report Template Configuration 150 File Browser 151 Camtasia 155 Key features 155 Additional Important Information 159 Patient Protocol 160 Head 162 Overview 162 General Hints 165 Head Kernels 166 Scan Protocols 168 HeadRoutine 168 He...

Page 9: ...nels 207 Scan Protocols 208 NeckRoutine 208 NeckThinSlice 212 NeckVol 214 Shoulder 218 Overview 218 General Hints 219 Body Kernels 219 Scan Protocols 220 Shoulder 220 ShoulderVol 224 Thorax 226 Overview 226 General Hints 229 Body Kernels 231 Scan Protocols 232 ThoraxRoutine ThoraxRoutine06s 232 ThoraxCombi ThoraxCombi06s 235 ThoraxVol 240 ThoraxFast ...

Page 10: ... Kernels 265 Scan Protocols 266 AbdomenRoutine AbdomenRoutine06s 266 AbdomenCombi AbdomenCombi06s 270 AbdomenVol 274 AbdomenFast AbdomenFast06s 278 AbdMultiPhase AbdMultiPhase06s 280 AbdomenSeq 288 Colonography Colonography06s 290 Spine 294 Overview 294 General Hints 296 Body Kernels 297 Scan Protocols 298 C Spine 298 C SpineVol 300 SpineRoutine 302 SpineThinSlice 304 SpineVol 305 ...

Page 11: ...318 PelvisVol 322 Hip 324 HipVol 328 SI_Joints 330 Upper Extremities 332 Overview 332 General Hints 334 Body Kernels 335 Scan Protocols 336 WristHR 336 ExtrRoutineHR 340 ExtrCombi 344 Lower Extremities 346 Overview 346 General Hints 348 Body Kernels 349 Scan Protocols 350 Knee 350 Foot 352 ExtrRoutineHR 354 ExtrCombi 358 ...

Page 12: ...ioRoutine ThorAngioRoutine06s 380 ThorAngioVol 384 ThorAngioECG ThorAngioECG06s 388 ThorAngioECGSeq 392 Embolism Embolism06s 394 BodyAngioRoutine BodyAngioRoutine06s 398 BodyAngioVol 402 BodyAngioFast BodyAngioFast06s 406 AngioRunOff AngioRunOff06s 410 WholeBodyAngio 414 Specials 416 Overview 416 Trauma 416 Interventional CT 418 Test Bolus 420 Trauma Protocols 422 General Information 422 Trauma 42...

Page 13: ...HandCARE 443 Additional Important Information 447 General Information for Biopsy and CARE Vision 450 Interventional Toolbar 450 CAREView 453 Configuration 456 Routine Subtask card 458 Additional Important Information 459 TestBolus Protocol 460 TestBolus 460 Radiation Therapy 462 Radiation Therapy Planning 462 Benefits 465 Workflow 468 Scan Protocols 470 Overview 470 RT_Head 472 RT_Thorax 474 RT_Br...

Page 14: ...tory gating 492 Prospective respiratory triggering versus retrospective respiratory gating 494 Curve Editor 495 Synthetic Trigger Sync 497 Workflow 498 Reconstruction and Post processing 498 Additional important Information 499 Scan Protocol 500 RespSeq 500 Resp 502 RespModBreathRate 504 RespLowBreathRate 506 Children 508 Overview 508 General Hints 512 Head Kernels 515 Body Kernels 516 Scan Protoc...

Page 15: ...RSeq 554 AbdomenRoutine AbdomenRoutine06s 558 Spine SpineRoutine 562 SpineThinSlice 566 ExtrRoutineHR 568 ExtrCombi 570 HeadAngio HeadAngio06s 574 CarotidAngio CarotidAngio06s 578 BodyAngioRoutine BodyAngioRoutine06s 582 BodyAngioFast BodyAngioFast06s 586 NeonateBody NeonateBody06s 587 ...

Page 16: ...o Security Package Siemens Virus Protection Basics SOMATOM LifeNet syngo Patient Browser syngo Data Set Conversion Camtasia SaveLog E Logbook syngo Viewing syngo Filming syngo CT Operator Manual Volume 2 Preparations Examination MPPS HeartView CT Respiratory Gating CT CARE Bolus CT CARE Vision CT syngo CT Operator Manual Volume 3 syngo 3D syngo Dental CT syngo Osteo CT ...

Page 17: ...ngo Pulmo CT syngo Neuro Perfusion CT syngo Body Perfusion CT syngo CT Operator Manual Volume 5 syngo Calcium Scoring syngo Circulation syngo Volume Calculation syngo Dynamic Evaluation syngo Neuro DSA CT syngo CT Operator Manual Volume 6 syngo InSpace 4D CT syngo Colonography ...

Page 18: ...mple Sinus means the spiral mode for the sinus The suffixes of the protocol name are follows Routine for routine studies Seq for sequence studies Fast use a higher pitch for fast acquisition ThinSlice use a thinner slice collimation Combi use a thinner and a thicker slice collimation 05s use the rotation time of 0 5 seconds ECG use a ECG gated or triggered mode Neuro for neurologicial examinations...

Page 19: ...e chron icle can be easily changed before load Multiple ranges can be run either automatically with auto range which is denoted by a bracket connecting the two ranges or separately with a pause in between Feed in Feed out The performance of the different buttons soft but tons gantry buttons control box buttons is standard ized as follows in NOT loaded modes in loaded Biopsy mode 1 mm Feed In Out s...

Page 20: ...n only in combination with SPECT option only in combination with PET option SOMATOM Emotion 16 Length mm 128 256 512 768 1024 1500 Slice width mm 4x0 6 Angle Top Bottom Lateral SOMATOM Emotion 6 Length mm 128 256 512 768 1024 1500 1536 2000 2048 Slice width mm 3x1 Angle AP PA Lateral ...

Page 21: ...ing Spiral scanning is a continuous volume imaging mode The data acquisition and table movements are per formed simultaneously for the entire scan duration There is no inter scan delay and a typical range can be acquired in a single breath hold Each acquisition provides a complete volume data set from which images with overlapping can be recon structed at any arbitrary slice position Unlike the se...

Page 22: ...s and improve the temporal resolution Dynamic Multiscan Multiple continuous rotations at the same table posi tion are performed for data acquisition Normally it is applied for fast dynamic contrast studies such as syngo Neuro Perfusion CT Dynamic Serioscan Dynamic serial scanning mode without table feed Dynamic serio can still be used for dynamic evaluation such as Test Bolus The image order can b...

Page 23: ...t Ceramic UFC detector enables a virtually simultaneous read out of two projections for each detector element The detector configuration with the routine acquisition of the Emotion 6 16 slice configuration SOMATOM Emotion 16 slice configuration SOMATOM Emotion 6 slice configuration ...

Page 24: ... slice width desired The slice width is independent of pitch i e what you select is always what you get Actually you do not need to care about the algorithm any more the software does it for you If Metrorecon Fastrecon is not selected you will rou tinely get Real Time images The Recon icon on the chronicle will be labeled with RT After the scan the Real Time displayed image series has to be recon ...

Page 25: ...1 5 2 0 3 0 4 0 5 0 mm 16 x 1 2 mm 1 5 2 0 3 0 4 0 5 0 6 0 8 0 10 0 mm Collimation Acquisition Slice width 4 x 0 6 mm 0 6 0 75 1 0 1 5 2 0 3 0 4 0 5 0 mm Collimation Acquisition Slice width 4 x 0 6 mm 0 6 1 2 2 4 mm 12 x 0 6 mm 0 6 2 4 7 2 mm 16 x 0 6 mm 1 2 2 4 4 8 9 6 mm 2 x 5 mm 5 0 10 0 mm 12 x 1 2mm 1 2 3 6 4 8 mm 2 x 8 mm 8 0 16 0 mm 16 x 1 2 mm 2 4 4 8 9 6 19 2 mm ...

Page 26: ...ode HR Sequence Mode Collimation Slice width 1 mm 1 1 25 2 2 5 3 4 5 6 8 10 mm 2 mm 2 5 3 4 5 6 8 10 mm 3 mm 4 5 6 8 10 mm Collimation Slice width 1 mm 1 2 3 mm 2 mm 2 4 6 12 mm 3 mm 3 6 9 18 mm 5 mm 5 10 mm Collimation Slice width 0 5 mm 0 63 0 75 1 1 25 2 2 5 3 4 5 mm Collimation Slice width 1 mm 1 mm ...

Page 27: ...e freely adapted from 0 45 2 0 in Cardio there is a fixed pitch down to 0 1 With the SOMATOM Emotion 6 16 slice configuration you select the slice collimation together with the slice width desired The slice width is independent of pitch i e what you select is always what you get Actually you do not need to be concerned about the algorithm any more the software does it for you Pitch values with a s...

Page 28: ...he smoother the image Head Kernels Kernel description H10s very smooth H19s very smooth H20s smooth H21s smooth H22s smooth FR H29s smooth H30s medium smooth H31s medium smooth H32s medium smooth FR H37s medium smooth Emotion 16 slice configuration only H39s medium smooth H40s medium H41s medium H42s medium FR H45s medium H47s medium smooth Emotion 16 slice configuration only H48s medium smooth Em...

Page 29: ...ooth B29s smooth B30s medium smooth B31s medium smooth B35s HeartView medium B39f HeartView medium B40s medium B41s medium B46s medium B50s medium sharp B60s sharp B65s sharp B70s very sharp B75s very sharp Emotion 16 slice configu ration only B80s ultra sharp B90s ultra sharp Kernel description C20s smooth C30s medium smooth C60s sharp ...

Page 30: ...cial Application Kernel description T10s smooth T20s standard T21s standard T80s sharp T81s sharp T90s ultra sharp Kernel description S30s Shepp Logan S80s Shepp Logan with notch filter S90s Shepp Logan without notch filter U90s specification kernel ...

Page 31: ...Scan and Reconstruction 31 PET Kernel SPECT Kernel Kernel PET B19s smooth B29s medium smooth B39s medium H19s smooth H29s medium smooth H39s medium Kernel SPECT H08s very smooth B08s very smooth ...

Page 32: ...42s can be used because they allow fast reconstruc tion FR and easy patient positioning 50 cm FoV To ensure best performance special online bone correc tion PFO is not used High Resolution head studies should be performed with H50f H60f for example for dental and sinuses It is essential to position the area of interest in the cen ter of the scan field For a better gray white brain tissue different...

Page 33: ...0s For higher sharpness as is required for example in patient protocols for cervical spine shoulder extremi ties thorax the kernels B50s B60s B70s B80s are available Special Application Kernels The special kernels are mostly used for physical mea surements with phantoms e g for adjustment proce dures S80s for constancy and acceptance tests S80s S90s or for specification purposes S90s For special p...

Page 34: ...rom 50 cm up to 70 cm To use this feature you have to select the extended FoV checkbox on the Recon subtask card The default setting is 65 cm but can be modified Extended FoV can be used with each scan protocol The extended FoV value should be adapted carefully to the exact patient size in order to achieve best possi ble image quality outside the standard scan field ...

Page 35: ...e default FoV In case the FoV is too small please press the ctrl key and move the scan range over the object once and it will be adapted automatically The Auto FoV will also work with the snap function when an examination has two or more ranges The snap function will also cover the Auto FoV and there fore you have the possibility to merge different ranges To be able to use the snap function it is ...

Page 36: ...6 Scan and Reconstruction Hints When positioning the arms along the body the Auto FoV will also cover the arms When scanning two extremities at the same time the Auto FoV will also cover both extremities ...

Page 37: ...ach shows a min imized partial volume effect i e low level of artifacts in the base of the skull or near vertebral bodies as 0 6 mm detector rows are used and the narrow colli mation reduces scattered radiation One scan protocol is predefined for adults HeadNeuro using an acquisition 16 x 0 6 mm in the base and an acquisition of 4 x 0 6 mm in the cere brum We recommend using this special protocol ...

Page 38: ...imized without additional post processing This advanced algorithm produces excellent images of the posterior fossa but also improves head image quality in general Bone correction is activated automatically for body region Head The reconstruction algorithm for Head also employs special adaptive convolution kernels which help to improve the sharpness to noise ratio More precisely anatomic contours a...

Page 39: ... There fore patient positioning has to be performed accu rately to ensure a centered location of the skull correct positioning wrong positioning of the head of the head For trauma examinations of the head we provide two protocols to be found in the specials folder HeadTrauma HeadTraumaSeq The scan protocols enable you to utilize the full 50 cm FoV resulting in easier patient positioning for trauma...

Page 40: ...n and the result is much quicker Three different filters are available LCE The Low contrast enhancement filter enhances low contrast detectability It reduces the image noise Similar to reconstruction with a smoother kernel Reduces noise Enhances low contrast detectability Adjustable in four steps Automatic post processing Image taken without the LCE filter Image taken with the LCE filter ...

Page 41: ...aster than raw data reconstruction Enhances high contrast detectability Automatic post processing ASA The Advanced Smoothing Algorithm ASA filter reduces noise in soft tissues while edges with high contrast are preserved Reduces noise without blurring of edges Enhances low contrast detectability Individually adaptable Automatic post processing Image taken without the HCE filter Image taken with th...

Page 42: ...s the patient size is similar to the size of the respective dose phantoms Since the body size can be smaller or larger than 32 cm the CTDIW value displayed can deviate from the dose in the scanned volume The CTDIW definition and measurement are based on single axial scan modes For clinical scanning i e scan ning of entire volumes in patients the average dose will also depend on the table feed betw...

Page 43: ...ffective dose is rather compli cated and has to be performed by sophisticated pro grams These have to take into account the scan parameters the system design of the individual scan ner such as X ray filtration and gantry geometry the scan range the organs involved in the scanned range and the organs affected by scattered radiation For each organ the respective dose delivered during the CT scanning...

Page 44: ... try For pediatric protocols the ImpactDose calculation and the correction factors published in Radiation Exposure in Computed Tomography are used These only include conversion factors for ages 8 weeks and 7 years The Calculation of Dose from External Photon Expo sures Using Reference Human Phantoms and Monte Carlo Methods M Zankl et al GSF report 30 91 Radiation Exposure in Computed Tomography ed...

Page 45: ...ecreased when the pitch factor is greater than 1 and increased when the pitch factor is less than 1 for constant mA Therefore the dose in spiral scanning has to be cor rected by the pitch factor To simplify this task the concept of the effective mAs was introduced with the SOMATOM Multislice scan ners The effective mAs takes into account the influence of pitch on both the image quality and dose To...

Page 46: ...ctive mAs of spiral scans on a Multi slice CT scanner is expressed by the following formula where Slice collimation refers to the collimation of one detector row and nrow is the number of used detector rows Effective mAs mA x RotTime Pitch Factor Pitch Factor Feed per Rotation nrow x Slice collimation mA effective mAs x Pitch Factor RotTime ...

Page 47: ...enuation of the patient s long axis the so called z axis Automatic adaptation of the tube current to the angular attenuation profile measured online for each single tube rotation the so called angle modu lation Based on a single a p or lateral topogram CARE Dose 4D determines the adequate mAs level for every sec tion of the patient Based on these levels CARE Dose 4D modulates the tube current auto...

Page 48: ...e patient size and attenuation changes within the scan region With the setting of the Image Quality Reference mAs you can adjust image quality image noise to the diagnostic requirements and the individual preference of the radiologist Note The Image Quality Reference mAs should not be adjusted to the individual patient size ...

Page 49: ...ed for the per pendicular direction by a sophisticated algorithm Example of lateral and a p attenuation profile evalu ated from an a p Topogram Based on these attenuation profiles axial tube current profiles lateral and a p and the resulting eff mAs for every table position are calculated The correlation between attenuation and tube current is defined by an analytical function which results in an ...

Page 50: ...trength may be adjusted by user separately for the left branch slim and the right branch obese of the curve This adjust ment effects all examinations The gray lines here indicates the theoretical limits of the adaptation con stant dose resp constant image noise The absolute eff mAs value is scaled with the Image Reference mAs value which may be adjusted in the Scan Card by the user rel tube curren...

Page 51: ...Dose Information 51 Scan with constant mA Reduced dose level Real time angular slice position x ray dose based on topogram dose modulation ...

Page 52: ...houlder and pelvis lower tube current and low modulation in abdomen and thorax The dotted lines represent the min and max tube current at the corresponding table position and result from the attenuation profile of the Topo gram The mAs value displayed in the user interface and in the patient protocol is the mean eff mAs value for the scan range The mAs value recorded in the images is the local eff...

Page 53: ...pted to the variation along the patient s long axis and not to the angular attenuation profile for Extremities CARE Vision syngo Neuro Perfusion CT syngo Body Perfusion CT and other special proto cols indicated as CARE Dose only angular tube cur rent modulation is supported for Osteo and Cardio protocols the mAs setting is adjusted to the patient size and not modulated dur ing the scan except if E...

Page 54: ...overestimation of the required eff mAs For an accurate mAs adaptation to the patient s size and body shape with CARE Dose 4D the patient should be carefully centered in the scan field When using protocols with CARE Dose 4D for body regions other than those they are designed for the image quality should be carefully evaluated As CARE Dose 4D determines the eff mAs for every slice of the topogram a ...

Page 55: ...t be switched on Repositioning of the patient on the table and excessive motion of the patient must be avoided between the topogram and the scan If two topograms of the same projection exist for one scan range the last acquired will be used for determining the eff mAs If a lateral and a p topogram exist for one scan range both will be used for determining the eff mAs ...

Page 56: ... has been performed this value is updated to the mean eff mAs that was applied The values may differ slightly due to the online modulation according to the patient s angular attenuation profile When tuning the CARE Dose 4D parameter setting to the individual preference for image quality we rec ommend keeping track of this value and comparing it with the values used without CARE Dose 4D ...

Page 57: ...e quality of the scan protocol currently being used This value can be adapted for each protocol according to the user s individual requirements of image quality Here you can also view the effective mAs value that the system is going to use for the current scan range You can also deselect CARE Dose4D on this tab card ...

Page 58: ...ach protocol according to the user s individual pref erences of image quality and reflects the mean eff mAs value that the system will use for a reference patient with that protocol and the corresponding body region The reference patient is defined as a typical adult 70 kg to 80 kg or 155 to 180 lbs for adult protocols or as a typical child 5 years appr 20 kg or 45 lbs for child protocols Based on...

Page 59: ...click the Examina tion icon to display the configuration window The adaptation strength of CARE Dose 4D may be influ enced for slim obese patients or body parts of a patient by changing the CARE Dose 4D settings in the Patient tab card This may be desirable if the automatic dose increase for obese patients or patient sections has to be stronger than the preset choose obese strong increase resultin...

Page 60: ...be stronger than the preset choose slim strong decrease resulting in more image noise and a lower dose for those images if the automatic dose decrease for slim patients or patient sections has to be more moderate than the preset choose slim weak decrease resulting in less image noise and a higher dose for those images On the Patient tab card you can adjust the image qual ity for more information s...

Page 61: ...ctivated Note that the last setting of the Image Quality Reference mAs or the eff mAs will be restored when you switch from and back to CARE Dose 4D usage The default activation state of CARE Dose 4D may be set in the Scan Protocol Man ager CARE Dose 4D must be selected column CARE Dose type The corresponding column for activating CARE Dose 4D is called CARE Dose 4D with possible default on or off...

Page 62: ...ll scan range to this position and then adjust the Quality reference mAs so that the displayed eff mAs value is as desired After resizing the scan range to the range for the examination carefully observe the displayed mean eff mAs After the subsequent scan is com pleted inspect the image quality to ensure that the chosen Quality reference mAs is the right value With that setting perform the first ...

Page 63: ...ter of the gantry Example for an a p topogram Patient is positioned in the isocenter optimal dose and image quality Patient is positioned too high increased mAs Patient is positioned too low reduced mAs and increased noise Detector X ray tube Patient centered X ray tube Detector Patient not centered Patient X ray tube Detector not centered ...

Page 64: ...w become available on the Recon tab card Note What you delete is just the job from the display not the images that have been reconstructed Once reconstructed these completed recon jobs stay in the browser until deleted from the local database You can also reconstruct images for all scans per formed by not selecting any range in the chronicle prior to clicking Recon Another entry you will find in t...

Page 65: ...ique double oblique images 3 planning images in the 3 standard orientations coronal axial sagittal Image types for planning MPR Thick 10 mm MIP Thin 3 mm Field of view and reference image definition possible in each planning segment Asynchronous reconstruction several reconstruc tion jobs are possible in the background axial and non axial Workstream 4D performs reconstructions on the basis of CT r...

Page 66: ...ons of the spine 3D reconstructions are possible spiral scan is needed as soon as one scan range is finished and at least one axial reconstruction job has been performed RTD or RTR images Select a new recon job and mark Recon Job Type 3D on the Recon card The first recon job that is suitable for the 3D reconstruction is used as Available plan ning volumes ...

Page 67: ...Recon For reconstruction of 3D recon jobs the maximum pitch factor is 1 5 If the pitch factor is 1 5 a message window informs you that this 3D recon job cannot be started and may be deleted In this case use the standard 3D task card with an axial image series for reconstruction ...

Page 68: ...R Thick 3 mm and MIP Thin 10 mm as the image type for your planning volume using the relevant buttons In each segment you will find a pink rectangle which represents the boundary of the result images The image with the right down marker represents the field of view FoV of the result images viewing direction Right down marker Reference lines ...

Page 69: ...ation 69 The rectangle with the grid represents the reference image topogram which is added to the Topogram series including the reference lines after reconstruc tion Topographics indicator Recon area Reference lines ...

Page 70: ...Clicking again on the button deactivates the preview image and displays the whole reference image again Double clicking into the FoV image activates or deac tivates the Preview Image function as well If the Preview Image function is active and you move or rotate the box or change the recon begin and end position the Preview image in the FoV segment will be updated accordingly ...

Page 71: ...nable the Free View Mode and rotate the reference lines in the three segments until the desired image orientation is displayed The vertical and horizontal line are always perpendicular to each other With the default orientation button you can reset the image orientation at any time It is only possible to reconstruct images with a squared matrix Set the field of view to the active segment by clicki...

Page 72: ...justment start calcula tion of the result images by clicking on the Recon but ton You can start a recon job at any time indepen dently of other ongoing jobs asynchronous reconstruction After starting the recon job the layout of the Examination task card changes back to the standard layout If auto recon is selected all defined recon jobs start automatically after scanning The progress of reconstruc...

Page 73: ...ich scan the range belongs to If the first recon job is saved as an Oblique recon job RTD images are displayed after scanning and the Examination task card is automatically switched to 3D reconstruction Patient Browser for each double oblique recon job one series is added in the Patient Browser If Auto Reference Lines is selected the correspond ing reference image is added to the 3D recon series A...

Page 74: ...ge or the reference image to the end position of the recon range in the FoV seg ment Case Examples Some scan protocols are supplied with predefined oblique reconstructions These protocols are marked with the suffix VOL Coronal and sagittal reconstruction of the spine Scan a topogram Plan your axial spiral scan range Reconstruction of the spiral images RT images Select Recon job Type sagittal coron...

Page 75: ...reconstruction parameters e g image type SPO Start reconstruction Oblique reconstruction of the vascular tree Scan a topogram Plan your spiral scan range Axial reconstruction of the spiral images RTD images Select Recon job Type oblique Select button MIP Thin as image type for the planning volume on the toolbar Enable Free Mode Rotate the reference lines until the best view of the entire vascular ...

Page 76: ... quadratic with a 512x512 matrix size 512 non square the FoV can be adjusted as a rectan gle to your needs for example spine reconstruction Its max side ratio is 1 4 256 non square the FoV can be adjusted as a rectan gle to your needs but with a lower matrix size and a lower resolution for example RunOff Cardiac recon structions The maximum side ratio is then 1 8 If you use the non square matrix a...

Page 77: ...es Select Recon job Type sagittal coronal Select the axial image segment Press button Set FoV Segment Select the Matrix size for example non square 512 and adjust the FoV to your needs Define your desired reconstruction parameters e g image type SPO Start reconstruction Repeat the reconstruction steps for the other orientation sagittal coronal Oblique reconstruction of the carotid Scan a topogram ...

Page 78: ...nd press button Set FoV Seg ment button Select the Matrix size for example non square 512 and adjust the FoV to your needs Define your desired reconstruction parameters e g image type SPO Start reconstruction Double oblique reconstructions of the heart For detailed information on heart reconstructions please refer to your Cardiac CT Application Guide ...

Page 79: ...nked patient position stays active until the user changes it even if a scan pro tocol with different patient position is selected Auto Reference Lines The Auto Reference lines settings defined in the Patient Model Dialog can be linked and saved to each scan protocol If a scan protocol is selected and confirmed in the Patient Model Dialog the linked Auto Reference lines settings stay active until t...

Page 80: ...ough the axial image stack the orange line in the topogram is displayed as a refer ence line to the currently displayed axial image in the tomo segment If you change the reconstruction begin or end the orange reference line automatically jumps to this new position and the axial image in the tomo seg ment will be updated accordingly to the newly selected position If you move the whole recon box in ...

Page 81: ...age can now be selected directly in the Patient Model Dialog When the API language is selected only the relevant language specific API entries can be selected in the Scan subtask card This way it is much easier to select the correct patient instruction ...

Page 82: ...82 Workflow Information Before recording a new API text first define the API lan guage in the API setup dialog under Setup API Com ment Setup in the main menu ...

Page 83: ...figuration You will find the e Logbook Configuration under Options Configuration e Logbook Configuration The configuration is divided into three tab cards General System Entries Manual Entries Under General you can activate and deactivate the e Logbook as default the e Logbook is activated If the e Logbook is deactivated no patient information is recorded If you do not want to have the e Logbook d...

Page 84: ...efault Time period you can determine how the recordings should be listed inside the e Logbook Browser Today which is the default setting This week This month Yesterday Last week Last month Any changes can be saved by selecting Apply ...

Page 85: ... the sys tem and displayed in the e Logbook as read only if they are configured Default settings are Date of Examination Patient Name Patient ID Date of birth Scan Protocol Name Total mAs The Continuous Number field is an incremental num ber to mark each recorded study within a defined time range In addition the Start No can be set to ensure for example an ongoing numbering after a software update...

Page 86: ...86 Workflow Information Furthermore the Continuous Number can be set to Daily Monthly Yearly If you set Continuous Number to Daily the continu ous number starts with one each day ...

Page 87: ...d information inside and click on add To remove already existing entries just select the entry and click on delete Additionally you can customize up to five Manual Entries fields If you want to rename the customized entry fields type select Rename e Logbook subtask card area If you close the current patient examination you will get an e Logbook subtask area which shows you all the information that...

Page 88: ...r desired timeframe in the calendar and click List now If you want to list the e Logbook recordings from today click on Today and the recordings will be dis played immediately no confirmation is needed A shortcut to yesterday s recordings is accessible over the black arrow on the right side of the Today button The system behaves the same if you want to list the recordings from This Week Last Week ...

Page 89: ...ary with the selected search criteria You will find under the only within drop down menus only the System and Manual Entries you have config ured before The list can be printed Select from the main menu File Print The whole list will be printed at the Default printer which is configured under Options Configuration e Log book General The list can be exported Select from the main menu File Export A ...

Page 90: ...Sorting data within the Recon List You can decide if the data in the Record List should be listed in ascending or descending order The default sorting order is ascending Just click on the column head and a small arrow will appear clicking on it will change the sorting order 4 Resizing and reorder the columns It is possible to reorder the table columns by drag and drop the column head For resizing ...

Page 91: ... loaded into the Examination card The ranges already scanned are listed The following chronicle entry is shown between the ranges already scanned and the new ranges Exam Continue Patient Position If you want to continue a contrast media study the sys tem asks you if the next scan should be continued as a non contrast scan instead If you want to continue as a non contrast scan the chronicle entries...

Page 92: ...rk place It is possible to start all reconstructions from your sat ellite console Raw data has to be available in the local database Select the raw data series of the patient in the Patient Browser and load it into the Recon card Plan your recon jobs as usual ...

Page 93: ...rk are listed You can stop restart and delete each job by clicking the according button To give a selected job a higher priority click urgent The column Type shows you which kind of reconstruc tion is queued Two types are displayed Recon all recon jobs from the Recon card either on the syngo Acquisition Workplace or syngo CT Workplace Auto 3D all 3D reconstructions which you have send via Auto pos...

Page 94: ...rresponding post process ing type On the 3D task card you can create parallel and radial ranges for Multi Planar Reconstruction MPR and Thin Maximum Intensity Projection MIP Thin which can be linked to a special series For example if you always perform sagittal MPRs for a spine examination as soon as you load a spine exami nation into the 3D task card select the image type MPR orientation and open...

Page 95: ...y for Angio exami nations are already preset in the protocol with Auto load in 3D If you prefer not to have this preset dese lect the Auto load in 3D and save your scan protocol Some of the scan protocols are preset in the protocol with links to a post processing protocol If you prefer not to have this preset please delete the Range Parallel preset or overwrite them with your own settings ...

Page 96: ...rent ways by editing saving scan protocols via scan protocol manager Edit Save Scan Protocol If you want to modify an existing protocol or create a new one for example you want to have two Abdo menRoutine Protocols with different slice widths we recommend you do this directly on the Examination task card ...

Page 97: ...ur patient as usual Check that all parameters are as you desire Select Edit Save Scan Protocol in the main menu Select the folder where you want the new protocol to appear and the scan protocol name in the pop up dialog box You can either use the same name to overwrite the existing scan protocol or enter a new name which will create a new protocol name and will not alter any of the existing protoc...

Page 98: ...for example à ê å ç ñ Do not rename scan protocol files at Windows level This will lead to inconsistencies You can now save your own scan protocols in any pre defined folder The organ characteristics will belong to the scan protocol not to the region In the Patient Model Dialog the modified scan pro tocols are marked by a dot in front of the protocol Scan Protocol Assistant If you want to modify s...

Page 99: ...he Export button exports the listed scan protocols in MS Excel recognizable format The export file is always created in H SiteData proto cols folder The folder selection cannot be changed The section Change Parameters is preselected as default Depending on the selected workflow in Step 1 the Scan protocol Assistant leads you through the cor responding steps From Step 3 an Undo and Redo button are ...

Page 100: ...ll be displayed where you can choose what you want to do Cutting a scan protocol out of one of the folders and putting it into another one can be done with cut and then click again on the right mouse button on the desired folder and you will get the option to paste this scan protocol there If you want to leave the scan pro tocol in the old folder and save it into another one you just use the copy ...

Page 101: ...ant to change the default emergency protocol you have to select the desired protocol and click onto the Emergency icon An Application Restart is necessary to set the new default emergency proto col The emergency protocol is displayed with the Emer gency icon in front of the protocol name This protocol can not be deleted ...

Page 102: ...ch as the Name of the manipulated scan protocols destination Folder Name of the deleted protocols and the changed Emer gency protocols are displayed inside the Change over view Step 4 Changes saved In this step you can decide if you want to pass a differ ent modification workflow or if you want to exit the Scan Protocol Assistant ...

Page 103: ...ocols with ECG all customized or Siemens scan protocols for modifi cation all scan protocols Additionally you can choose in the protocol list single scan protocols all scan protocols within a body region several body regions Adult and Child protocols are managed apart Step 3 Change parameters In this step a second footprint section is added con sists of Protocol Topogram Scan Recon Auto tasking Tr...

Page 104: ...to apply your changes The Select All check box is convenient for the user to select and deselect all scan protocols listed If the parameter values in the selected rows are the same the value will appear in the corresponding entry otherwise if the parameter val ues in the selected rows are different no value is dis played in the subsection ...

Page 105: ...tion Here you can rename your scan protocol Default Patient Position Enter the patient position you want to have as default displayed in the Patient Model Dialog Auto reference Lines Select where you want to have displayed the Auto reference lines On study level On series level Off the entry in the Auto tasking card cannot be selected Body region Select in which body region the scan protocol shoul...

Page 106: ... to show hide the parame ters in the parameter area of the selected protocols Parameter Property If you select a single cell you are able to get the param eter properties displayed as a minimum and maximum value together with the units and incremental steps Find Replace For a fast and easy handling you can search for certain values and replace them with the desired value If you have selected for e...

Page 107: ...ilable topo lengths are listed in the dropdown list Tube position Set the tube position either to Top or Lateral kV Can be defined individually to the Scan value Auto transfer modes Sends images automatically Auto Viewing and Filming Loads images automatically into the Viewing or Film ing card API Select one of the predefined breathing commands from the dropdown list Scan direction Select Head to ...

Page 108: ...tive The mixed mode means the user can choose scan ranges from different modes Spiral Sequence Multiscan or CAREVi sion modes If the control in one mode is not appli cable the control in mixed mode is not shown in Parameters Area A checkbox Including topogram is shown below the parameter grid When the checkbox is selected an information line is added to the parameter grid The line is placed immedi...

Page 109: ...ible to insert the Autorange brackets in a selected Multi Range by using the right mouse button and removing the Pause from the protocol You are also able to put a pause into your selected Ranges so you are scanning the ranges seperatly ...

Page 110: ... X eff mAs X X CARE Dose type X X X Dose modulation X X X Quality Ref mAs X X X kV X X X X X Slice X X X X X Cycle Time X Rotation Time X X X X X Pitch X Table feed X Scan Time X X X X Scan Direction X X HandCARE X Start Delay X X X X Range Start X X X X X API X X X X API Cluster X Range Name X X X X X Comment X X X X X ...

Page 111: ...ge information is selected an information line for each scan range is listed before the recon jobs belonging to this scan range you might have to scroll to the right side of the line to get the information visible If no special scan mode is selected the so called mixed mode is active The mixed mode means the user can choose scan ranges from different modes Spiral Sequence Multiscan or CAREVision m...

Page 112: ...uence Mode Multisca n Mode CareVision Mode Mixed Mode Slice X X X X X Recon Increment X X Kernel X X X X X Window X X X X X Mirror X X X X X No of images X X X X X Extended FoV X X X X Recon type X X Series description X X X X X Recon job type X X Recon axis X X Image Order X X X Non square matrix X X 3D Recon X X ...

Page 113: ...subsection Additionally you can display information about the scan range When include scan range information is selected an information line for each scan range is listed before the recon jobs belonging to this scan range you might have to scroll to the right side of the line to get the information visible ...

Page 114: ...ation In the subsection Auto Tasking the following changes can be made Auto transfer 1 2 3 Auto Viewing Auto Recon Auto Filming Auto Postprocessing Auto Reference lines only if selected in the protocol Body Part Examined ...

Page 115: ...tion line for each scan range and reconstruction is listed before the recon jobs belong ing to this scan range you might have to scroll to the right side of the line to get the information visible In the subsection you can make the following changes Sequence Spiral Mixed Synthetic Trigger X X X ECG Pulsing X Phase Start in or ms X X X Phase Start X X X MultiPhase X ACV X X X ...

Page 116: ...ow If you insert incorrect values these will be marked in yellow and will be auto corrected All the values will be adjusted after the first change is made Step 4 Confirmation In this step the changed protocols are listed with both the old and the changed parameters and they have to be confirmed Step 5 Changes saved In this step you can decide if you want to pass a differ ent modification workflow ...

Page 117: ...r from CD Before you can import new scan protocols you have to download them from the SOMATOM LifeNet This workflow consists of three steps Step 2 Import scan protocols Follow the instructions on this page to import the scan protocols Step 3 Changes saved In this step you can decide if you want to pass a differ ent modification workflow or if you want to exit the Scan Protocol Assistant ...

Page 118: ...otocols will be replaced with the Siemens default scan protocol settings All changed protocols made by the user which are marked with a black dot in front will be lost Add Siemens protocols as duplicates Customized scan protocols with the same name as original Siemens protocols will get a new name extension Customized If there exists a scan protocol with this name the new copies are numbered for e...

Page 119: ...ckbox is convenient for the user to select and deselect all deleted Siemens default scan protocols The checkbox is in indeterminate state when some but not all deleted Siemens default scan protocols are selected in the region protocol lists The checkbox is disabled dimmed when there is no deleted Siemens default scan protocols Step 3 Confirmation In this step the changed protocols are listed old a...

Page 120: ...otocols and all selected Protocols To list all available protocols select the List all proto cols icon in the lower left corner of any arbitrary step Comparisons between Siemens default and custom ized protocols is possible with this table You are able to print export to floppy and export this sheet as a xml file under H SiteData protocols The same can be done with all selected Protocols as well ...

Page 121: ...Workflow Information 121 ...

Page 122: ...n will yield good results only if acquisition is performed during the optimal phase of enhancement in the region of interest Therefore it is essential to initiate the acquisition with the correct start delay Since multislice spiral CT can provide much faster speeds and shorter acquisition times it is even more critical to get the right timing to achieve optimal results Longer scan time Shorter sca...

Page 123: ...Total volume of contrast medium injected Concentration of the contrast medium Type of injection uni phasic or bi phasic Patient pathology Aortic time enhancement curves after i v contrast injection computer simulation All curves are based on the same patient parameters male 60 year old 75 kg Radiology 1998 207 647 655 ...

Page 124: ...al volume of contrast medium injected 120 ml 4 ml s 300 mg I ml Type of injection Uni phase 140 ml 4 ml s 370 mg I ml Type of injection Bi phase 70 ml 4 ml s plus 70 ml 2 ml s 370 mg I ml Relative Enhancement HU Time s Relative Enhancement HU Time s Relative Enhancement HU Time s Relative Enhancement HU Time s Relative Enhancement HU Time s Relative Enhancement HU Time s ...

Page 125: ...lculated with the following for mula CARE Bolus CT or Test Bolus may be used for optimal contrast bolus timing Please refer to the special proto cols To achieve optimal results in contrast studies the use of CARE Bolus CT is recommended In a case where it is not available use Test Bolus Once completed load images into DynEva task card for calculation of Time to Peak enhancement For multiphase exam...

Page 126: ...g scan is used to determine the position of the monitoring scans It can be per formed at any position of interest You can also increase the mAs setting to reduce the image noise when necessary 3 To achieve the shortest possible spiral start delay 2 s the position of the monitoring scans relative to the beginning of spiral scan must be optimized A snapping function is provided After the topogram is...

Page 127: ...lso zoom the reference image for easier posi tioning of the ROI 5 Set the appropriate trigger threshold and start con trast injection and monitoring scans at the same time The relative enhancement of the target ROI will be displayed for the duration of the monitoring scan When the predefined density is reached the spiral acquisition will be triggered automatically 6 You can also initiate the spira...

Page 128: ...he premonitoring scan position and accept the ROI 6 Start the monitoring scans and a small amount of contrast medium 20 ml 2 5 ml sec The rate of the injection on the monitoring scans should match the rate of injection used for the spiral scan Note When you start the spiral manually the sys tem switches to the Trigger tab card The trigger line is not shown at this stage 7 Now you can read the prop...

Page 129: ...s Method 1 Select the spiral mode that you want to perform and then Append the Test Bolus mode under Special protocols 2 Insert the Test Bolus mode above the contrast spiral scan of interest using cut paste with right mouse button 3 Perform the topogram and define the slice position for the test bolus 4 Check the start delay number of scans and cycle time before loading the mode 5 A test bolus wit...

Page 130: ... start delay time for the spiral scan CARE Contrast With the injector coupling the bolus injector can now be connected to your CT scanner Key features Synchronized scanning and contrast injection One button control from the CT console and from the injector The scan start can be initiated by the injector and also by the CT scanner without having to press both start buttons at the same time The star...

Page 131: ...tch The footswitch of the CT scanner will start the injector If an injector is connected load the scan mode first and then arm the injector Depending on the injector it might be not possible to arm the injector before the scan protocol is loaded see User manual of the injector When the mode is loaded the CT scanner will ask you to check the injec tor and to arm it Check the parameters at the injec...

Page 132: ...button Footswitch at the scanner or the Start button at the injector panel outside of the scan room or directly at the injector inside the scan room Note If the injector is not ready the scan cannot be started If both systems are ready to START and the user disarms the injector the bubble Check Injector is shown again ...

Page 133: ...ll not accept coupling while injecting A message appears Injector is not connected Scanning interrupted If the injector does not accept the START from the CT the scan mode is cancelled If the scanner is suspended by the user or if technical problems occur the injector will be stopped too Injector stopped If the injector is stopped by the user the scan will be stopped too If the injector is interru...

Page 134: ...an error message pops up The user can decide if he wants to stop the scan or if he would like to continue If the injection is longer than the CT scan the CT scanner does not stop the injection A new scan mode can be loaded If the new mode is a coupled mode the scan can only be started if the injector is ready When a coupled range is pasted or repeated the start condition for the new scan is reset ...

Page 135: ...Contrast Medium 135 ...

Page 136: ...o access the SOMATOM LifeNet online area where you will find further functions to ease your daily work To benefit from the SOMATOM LifeNet online area a Siemens Remote Service connection is required The SOMATOM LifeNet online area allows you to order 90 day Trial Licenses for free download application guides or find interesting information and services related to your CT system Siemens Remote Serv...

Page 137: ...et online In combination with a Sie mens Remote Service connection Newsticker archive and FAQ frequently asked ques tions section Free trial software order and installation Download of information manuals and scan proto cols Log Book order functionality A contact function for an easy and fast interface to Siemens including the possibility to attach up to two DICOM images ...

Page 138: ...ws you to access various information about your hard and soft ware environment Under System Information for example you will find information such as software version or a scan second counter Under Customer Information you can enter your contact data Access to syngo E Learning Start the syngo E Learning to learn more about your software and the use of basic and advanced applica tions ...

Page 139: ...rning can be downloaded in the SOMATOM LifeNet online area or is sent to you automatically on CD if trial soft ware is requested via SOMATOM LifeNet In case a pdf document e g Application Guides is not visible in the SOMATOM LifeNet window after being opened please minimize or move the Browser window of the SOMATOM LifeNet platform since it might be hidden in the background ...

Page 140: ...stalled trial software Access the Siemens Extranet by clicking on SOMATOM LifeNet online After entering your CT system serial number you will be forwarded to the information and service portal You can find the serial number by selecting system information in the offline part of SOMATOM LifeNet You will be able to view up to date information and make use of various services ...

Page 141: ...the process until the download is com pleted Due to bandwidth restrictions it is only possible to perform one download at a time Depending on your connection speed downloading of larger files like for example the Advanced Applica tion Training may take quite some time Shutting down the system in between will interrupt the down load Downloaded PDFs can be found offline under Options File Browser H ...

Page 142: ...u can down load and install scan protocols To install the downloaded protocols open the Scan Protocol Manager via Options Configuration Select Import Scan Protocols in the menu Scan Proto col You can select which protocols you want to import and which not from a selection box which opens allowing you to choose the protocols you want to copy to your Customer Folder These protocols are then ready to...

Page 143: ...mport to the Customer Folder will also be stored in the Siemens Folder so that they can be copied later All downloaded scan protocols are named DL_ so they can be easily identified when mixed with pre installed protocols Also see the chapter Scan Protocol Assistant for more information ...

Page 144: ...mage After exporting the image open the Siemens Extranet and choose Contact After entering your message you can easily attach the image by selecting the images from the File Browser with the shortcut CTRL and C and paste it with the shortcut CTRL and V into the Extranet Every patient image is made anonymous before send ing Because the SOMATOM LifeNet window is always in the foreground we recommend...

Page 145: ...oose system specific trial software under SOMATOM Expand Trial Licenses After click ing on Order Trial and confirming a license agreement for trial use software you will enter your contact data and then submit the license request The trial software will be installed within eight working days and you will then be informed about the success ful installation via the SOMATOM LifeNet news ticker window...

Page 146: ...have the information provided in SOMA TOM LifeNet sent to their regular email account or for warded to a contact person of interest as an email Information about current courses and clinical training programs as well as CT accessories can be sent from the scanner to any email account This information can then be printed or a quote requested from your local Siemens representative ...

Page 147: ...ation 147 Image Converter The CT application Common DICOM Adapter can con vert different DICOM data sets to formats provided by other CT vendors You will find the converter in the Applications menu of the Patient Browser ...

Page 148: ...148 Application Information In the pop up window you can select the application for which you want to convert the images ...

Page 149: ...D series if you intend to split up the series of multi phase heart reconstruction according to the different heart phases included Or 2 Select Split up series according to slice position to split up the series according to the different slice positions it contains After conversion you can load these data sets into the application of your choice ...

Page 150: ...ort Template Configuration With the Report Configuration you can edit the basic information e g clinic information for your report templates of the applications syngo Calcium Scoring syngo Colonography CT syngo Lung CARE CT Additionally you can insert your logo and select which reference data you want to use ...

Page 151: ... transferring DICOM images export to offline transferring AVIs or accessing files PDF files which were downloaded via SOMATOM LifeNet Key Features Copy images and files to the CD Burn folder Raw data transfer Access to all created reports and movies AVI files Access to the offline folder Access to downloaded files Open the File Browser via main menu entry Options File Browser The File Browser prov...

Page 152: ...aw data files you want to transfer in the content area of the Patient Browser From the browser open the Patient main menu and select the item Transfer CT Data The raw data includes the ECG file Transfer files to USB storage device Insert an USB memory device into the USB port A new folder is added to the File Browser USB storage device F Select the desired files and send them via the right mouse b...

Page 153: ...r drag drop them into the folder CDBurn or send them via the right mouse button menu to the folder CDBurn Open the LocalJobStatus in the Patient Browser and clear all entries Select Record to Offline in the Transfer menu of the Patient Browser CD writing starts Hint Offline files can only be written to CD in a sin gle session When recording is successfully completed the entries in the subdirectory...

Page 154: ...er these files to floppy disk or copy them onto a CD Additional Important Information Files with the following extensions cannot be started opened from the File Browser bat cmd com exe reg dot htm html pl vbs js wsf wsh xml To transfer avi files from the File Browser to any external storage device for example CD or USB stick use RMB menu Send to Drag drop and copy paste to any storage device is no...

Page 155: ...ord ings as avi files for documentation and presentation purposes Key features Camtasia Recorder to capture avi files Before starting recording you can select the area you want to capture Camtasia Player to play avi files Camtasia Producer to edit avi files To open the Camtasia tool select in the main menu Application Desktop Camtasia Recorder ...

Page 156: ...Options you can define special settings for recording AVI to define Video and Audio options File to define the output options files and folders Hotkeys to define special hotkeys e g for start stop recording Live to define live source options ...

Page 157: ...Application Information 157 Program to define capture options ...

Page 158: ...158 Application Information The Effects Options dialog box allows you to set options for your recording for example cursor effects ...

Page 159: ...ice for example CD or USB stick use RMB menu Send to Drag drop and copy paste to any storage device is not possible within the File Browser To display the main menu set ToggleView Com pact AVI files can only be played on the syngo CT Work place For further information on how to operate the Camtasia tool please refer to the Help menu ...

Page 160: ... mAs quality ref mAs of the range TI Rotation Time cSL collimated Slice CTDIvol For further information please refer to the chapter Dose Information DLP Dose Length Product Total DLP DLP value of the entire examination Total mAs actual mAs value of the entire examination CTDIW Pitch Factor CTDIvol x length collimated slice 10 ...

Page 161: ...Application Information 161 ...

Page 162: ...elating to the Head region their descriptions individual indi cations and important hints on using them You can use the following scan protocols to clarify for example stroke brain tumors cranial trauma cere bral atrophy hydrocephalus and inflammatory changes Head ...

Page 163: ...de for high resolution inner ear studies InnerEarHRVol Spiral mode for high resolution inner ear stud ies and double oblique studies InnerEar Spiral mode for routine ear studies InnerEarSeq Sequential mode for inner ear studies Sinus Spiral mode for routine sinus studies SinusVol Spiral mode for axial and coronal sinus studies Orbit Spiral mode for routine orbital studies Dental Spiral mode for th...

Page 164: ...ear studies InnerEarHRVol Spiral mode for high resolution inner ear studies and double oblique studies InnerEar Spiral mode for routine ear studies InnerEarSeq Sequential mode for inner ear studies Sinus Spiral mode for routine sinus studies SinusVol Spiral mode for axial and coronal sinus studies Orbit Spiral mode for routine orbital studies Dental Spiral mode for the application syngo Dental CT ...

Page 165: ...r all head studies it is very important for image quality to position the patient in the center of the scan field Use the lateral laser beam to make sure that the patient is positioned in the center In order to optimize image quality versus radiation dose scans are provided within a maximum scan field of 300 mm with respect to the iso center No recon job with a field of view exceeding those limits...

Page 166: ... image appearance however is more agreeable due to a fine grained noise struc ture quite often the low contrast detectability is improved by using H31s H 41s instead of H30s H40s For the standard head protocols we propose H21s H31s H41s High Resolution head studies should be performed with H60s H70s e g for dental and sinuses and H80s H90s e g inner ear It is mandatory to position the area of inte...

Page 167: ...Head 167 ...

Page 168: ...ocephalus and inflammation etc For SOMATOM Emotion 16 slice configuration A range for the base of 4 cm will be covered in 14 36 sec a range for the cerebrum of 8 cm will be covered in 14 36 sec For SOMATOM Emotion 6 slice configuration A range for the base of 4 cm will be covered in 28 00 sec a range for the cerebrum of 8 cm will be covered in 28 00 sec ...

Page 169: ... sec 1 5 sec Acquisition 16 x 0 6 mm 16 x 1 2 mm Slice collimation 0 6 mm 1 2 mm Slice width 4 0 mm 6 0 mm Feed Rotation 5 3 mm 10 6 mm Pitch factor 0 55 0 55 Increment 4 0 mm 6 0 mm Kernel H31s H31s CTDIVol 58 52 mGy 57 60 mGy Effective dose Male 1 33 mSv Female 1 43 mSv Male 1 98 mSv Female 2 21 mSv ...

Page 170: ...5 sec 1 5 sec Acquisition 6 x 1 0 mm 6 x 2 0 mm Slice collimation 1 0 mm 2 0 mm Slice width 4 0 mm 6 0 mm Feed Rotation 2 4 mm 4 8 mm Pitch factor 0 40 0 40 Increment 4 0 mm 6 0 mm Kernel H31s H31s CTDIVol 60 50 mGy 58 75 mGy Effective dose Male 0 94 mSv Female 0 98 mSv Male 1 72 mSv Female 1 90 mSv ...

Page 171: ...diation dose scans are provided within a maximum scan field of 300 mm with respect to the iso center No recon job with a field of view exceeding those limits will be possible Therefore patient positioning has to be performed accurately to ensure a centered loca tion of the skull Contrast medium IV injection Start delay 60 sec Flow rate 2 ml sec Total amount 50 60 ml ...

Page 172: ...ed in 9 58 sec a range for the cerebrum of 8 cm will be cov ered in 68 67 sec Emotion 16 Base Cerebrum kV 130 130 Effective mAs Quality ref mAs 250 270 Rotation time 1 0 sec 1 0 sec Acquisition 16 x 0 6 mm 4 x 0 6 mm Slice collimation 0 6 mm 0 6 mm Slice width 4 0 mm 5 0 mm Feed Rotation 5 3 mm 1 3 mm Pitch factor 0 55 0 55 Increment 4 0 mm 5 0 mm Kernel H31s H31s CTDIVol 66 50 mGy 79 65 mGy Effec...

Page 173: ...diation dose scans are provided within a maximum scan field of 300 mm with respect to the isocenter No recon job with a field of view exceeding those limits will be possible Therefore patient positioning has to be performed accurately to ensure a centered loca tion of the skull Contrast medium IV injection Start delay 60 sec Flow rate 2 ml sec Total amount 50 60 ml ...

Page 174: ... trauma cerebral atrophy hydro cephalus and inflammation etc Two ranges are predefined for the base of the skull and for the cerebrum For SOMATOM Emotion 16 slice configuration A scan range is predefined with 12 30 cm For SOMATOM Emotion 6 slice configuration A scan range is predefined with 12 80 cm ...

Page 175: ...1s CTDIVol 58 32 mGy 57 24 mGy Effective dose Male 1 08 mSv Female 1 20 mSv Male 1 96 mSv Female 2 17 mSv Emotion 6 BaseSeq CerebrumSeq kV 130 130 Effective mAs Quality ref mAs 250 270 Rotation Time 1 5 sec 1 5 sec Acquisition 6 x 2 0 mm 6 x 3 0 mm Slice collimation 2 0 mm 3 0 mm Slice width 4 0 mm 6 0 mm Feed Scan 12 mm 18 mm Kernel H31s H31s CTDIVol 58 75 mGy 59 40 mGy Effective dose Male 1 11 m...

Page 176: ... radiation dose scans are provided within a maximum scan field of 300 mm with respect to the iso center No recon job with a field of view exceeding those limits will be possible Therefore patient positioning has to be performed accurately to ensure a centered loca tion of the skull Contrast medium IV injection Start delay 60 sec Flow rate 2 ml sec Volume 50 60 ml ...

Page 177: ...inflammatory changes tumorous processes of pyra mids cerebellopontine angle tumors posttraumatic changes etc For SOMATOM Emotion 16 slice configuration A range of 4 0 cm will be covered in 24 22 sec For SOMATOM Emotion 6 slice configuration A range of 4 0 cm will be covered in 17 69 sec ...

Page 178: ...45 Increment 2 0 mm 0 6 mm Kernel H90s H90s CTDIVol 38 35 mGy Effective dose Male 0 74 mSv Female 0 78 mSv Emotion 6 InnerEar 2nd reconstr kV 130 Effective mAs Quality ref mAs 130 Rotation Time 1 0 sec Acquisition 6 x 0 5 mm Slice collimation 0 5 mm Slice width 2 0 mm 0 6 mm Feed Rotation 2 6 mm Pitch Factor 0 85 Increment 2 0 mm 0 4 mm Kernel H90s H90s CTDIVol 35 88 mGy Effective dose Male 0 57 m...

Page 179: ...any additional postpro cessing In order to optimize image quality versus radiation dose scans are provided within a maximum scan field of 300 mm with respect to the iso center No recon job with a field of view exceeding those limits will be possible Therefore patient positioning has to be performed accurately to ensure a centered loca tion of the skull ...

Page 180: ...que for each side in 3D images display view For SOMATION Emotion 16 slice configuration A range of 40 mm will be covered in 24 22 sec For SOMATION Emotion 6 slice configuration A range of 40 mm will be covered in 17 69 sec Emotion 16 Inner Ear 2nd recon 3d recon kV 130 Effective mAs Quality ref mAs 130 Rotation Time 1 0 sec Acquisition 4 x 0 6 mm Slice collimation 0 6 mm Slice width 2 0 mm 2 0 mm ...

Page 181: ...lity ref mAs 130 Rotation Time 1 0 sec Acquisition 6 x 0 5 mm Slice collimation 0 5 mm Slice width 2 0 mm 2 0 mm 2 0 mm Feed Rotation 2 6 mm Pitch Factor 0 85 Increment 2 0 mm 2 0 mm 2 0 mm Kernel H90s H90s H90s CTDIVol 35 88 mGy Effective dose Male 0 57 mSv Female 0 59 mSv ...

Page 182: ...o optimize image quality versus radiation dose scans are provided within a maximum scan field of 300 mm with respect to the isocenter No recon job with a field of view exceeding those limits will be possible Therefore patient positioning has to be performed accurately to ensure a centered loca tion of the skull Contrast medium IV injection Start delay 60 sec Flow rate 2 ml sec Volume 50 60 ml ...

Page 183: ...Head 183 ...

Page 184: ...matory changes tumorous processes of pyramids cerebel lopontine angle tumors post traumatic changes etc For SOMATOM Emotion 16 slice configuration A range of 4 cm will be covered in 7 21 sec For SOMATOM Emotion 6 slice configuration A range of 4 cm will be covered in 9 84 sec ...

Page 185: ...80 Increment 2 0 mm 0 5 mm Kernel H90s H90s CTDIVol 31 92 mGy Effective dose Male 0 77 mSv Female 0 83 mSv Emotion 6 InnerEar 2nd reconstr kV 130 Effective mAs Quality ref mAs 120 Rotation Time 1 0 sec Acquisition 6 x 1 0 mm Slice collimation 1 0 mm Slice width 2 0 mm 1 25 mm Feed Rotation 5 1 mm Pitch Factor 0 85 Increment 2 0 mm 0 8 mm Kernel H90s H90s CTDIVol 33 00 mGy Effective dose Male 0 57 ...

Page 186: ...optimize image quality versus radiation dose scans are provided within a maximum scan field of 300 mm with respect to the iso center No recon job with a field of view exceeding those limits will be possible Therefore patient positioning has to be performed accurately to ensure a centered loca tion of the skull Contrast medium IV injection Start delay 60 sec Flow rate 2 ml sec Total amount 50 ml ...

Page 187: ...Head 187 ...

Page 188: ... inflamma tory changes tumorous processes of pyramids cere bellopontine angle tumors post traumatic changes etc For SOMATOM Emotion 16 slice configuration A scan range is predefined with 8 6 mm For SOMATOM Emotion 6 slice configuration A scan range is predefined with 4 7 mm ...

Page 189: ...e width 0 6 mm Feed Scan 7 2 mm Kernel H90s CTDIVol 42 00 mGy Effective dose Male 1 51 mSv Female 1 62 mSv Emotion 6 InnerEarSeq kV 130 Effective mAs Quality ref mAs 140 Rotation Time 1 0 sec Acquisition 6 x 1 0 mm Slice collimation 1 0 mm Slice width 1 0 mm Feed Scan 6 0 mm Kernel H90s CTDIVol 38 50 mGy Effective dose Male 0 68 mSv Female 0 79 mSv ...

Page 190: ...optimize image quality versus radiation dose scans are provided within a maximum scan field of 300 mm with respect to the iso center No recon job with a field of view exceeding those limits will be possible Therefore patient positioning has to be performed accurately to ensure a centered loca tion of the skull Contrast medium IV injection Start delay 60 sec Flow rate 2 ml sec Total amount 60 ml ...

Page 191: ...Head 191 ...

Page 192: ...es studies e g sinusi tis mucocele pneumatization polyposis tumor cor rections etc For SOMATOM Emotion 16 slice configuration A range of 80 mm will be covered in 12 42 sec For SOMATOM Emotion 6 slice configuration A range of 80 mm will be covered in 17 69 sec ...

Page 193: ...ref mAs 35 Rotation time 1 0 sec Acquisition 16 x 0 6 mm Slice collimation 0 6 mm Slice width 5 0 mm 5 0 mm 1 0 mm 1 0 mm Feed Rotation 7 7 mm Pitch Factor 0 80 Increment 5 0 mm 5 0 mm 0 7 mm 0 7 mm Kernel H70s H30s H70s H30s CTDIVol 9 31 mGy Effective dose Male 0 32 mSv Female 0 36 mSv ...

Page 194: ... 1 0 sec Acquisition 6 x 1 0 mm Slice collimation 1 0 mm Slice width 5 0 mm 5 0 mm 1 25 mm 1 25 mm Feed Rotation 5 1 mm Pitch Factor 0 85 Increment 5 0 mm 5 0 mm 0 8 mm 0 8 mm Kernel H70s H30s H70s H30s CTDIVol 9 63 mGy Effective dose Male 0 20 mSv Female 0 25 mSv Contrast medium IV injection Start delay 45 sec Flow rate 2 0 ml sec Total amount 75 ml ...

Page 195: ...Head 195 ...

Page 196: ...ture in 3D images dis play view For SOMATOM Emotion 16 slice configuration A range of 80 mm will be covered in 12 42 sec For SOMATOM Emotion 6 slice configuration A range of 80 mm will be covered in 17 69 sec Emotion 16 Sinus 2nd recon 3d recon kV 130 Effective mAs Quality ref mAs 35 Rotation Time 1 0 sec Acquisition 16 x 0 6 mm Slice collimation 0 6 mm Slice width 5 0 mm 3 0 mm 3 0 mm Feed Rotati...

Page 197: ... Time 1 0 sec Acquisition 6 x 1 0 mm Slice collimation 1 0 mm Slice width 5 0 mm 3 0 mm 3 0 mm Feed Rotation 5 1 mm Pitch Factor 0 85 Increment 5 0 mm 3 0 mm 3 0 mm Kernel H70s H30s H60s CTDIVol 9 63 mGy Effective dose Male 0 20 mSv Female 0 25 mSv Contrast medium IV injection Start delay 45 sec Flow rate 2 0 ml sec Total amount 75 ml ...

Page 198: ...n 6 slice configuration A range of 50 mm will be covered in 11 80 sec Emotion 16 Orbit 2nd reconstr kV 130 Effective mAs Quality ref mAs 70 Rotation Time 1 0 sec Acquisition 16 x 0 6 mm Slice collimation 0 6 mm Slice width 5 0 mm 1 0 mm Feed Rotation 7 7 mm Pitch Factor 0 80 Increment 5 0 mm 0 7 mm Kernel H70s H70s CTDIVol 18 62 mGy Effective dose Male 0 50 mSv Female 0 54 mSv ...

Page 199: ...ation Time 1 0 sec Acquisition 6 x 1 0 mm Slice collimation 1 0 mm Slice width 5 0 mm 1 25 mm Feed Rotation 5 1 mm Pitch Factor 0 85 Increment 5 0 mm 0 5 mm Kernel H70s H70s CTDIVol 19 25 mGy Effective dose Male 0 25 mSv Female 0 32 mSv Contrast medium IV injection Start delay 45 sec Flow rate 2 0 ml sec Total amount 75 ml ...

Page 200: ...ing of the upper and lower jaws It enables the display and measurement of the bone structures of the upper and lower jaw as the basis for planning in oral surgery For SOMATOM Emotion 16 slice configuration A range of 50 mm will be covered in 8 51 sec For SOMATOM Emotion 6 slice configuration A range of 50 mm will be covered in 9 44 sec ...

Page 201: ... mAs Quality ref mAs 45 Rotation Time 1 0 sec Acquisition 16 x 0 6 mm Slice collimation 0 6 mm Slice width 0 75 mm Feed Rotation 7 7 mm Pitch Factor 0 80 Increment 0 5 mm Kernel H70s CTDIVol 11 97 mGy Effective dose Male 0 25 mSv Female 0 26 mSv ...

Page 202: ...cation Guide Clinical Applications Emotion 6 Dental kV 130 Effective mAs Quality ref mAs 45 Rotation Time 0 8 sec Acquisition 6 x 1 0 mm Slice collimation 1 0 mm Slice width 1 25 mm Feed Rotation 5 1 mm Pitch Factor 0 85 Increment 0 6 mm Kernel H70s CTDIVol 12 38 mGy Effective dose Male 0 19 mSv Female 0 23 mSv ...

Page 203: ...In order to optimize image quality versus radiation dose scans are provided within a maximum scan field of 300 mm with respect to the iso center No recon job with a field of view exceeding those limits will be possible Therefore patient positioning has to be performed accurately to ensure a centered loca tion of the skull ...

Page 204: ... will find all scan protocols relating to the Neck region their descriptions individual indi cations and important hints on using them You can use the following scan protocols to clarify for example tumors lymphoma and abscesses Neck ...

Page 205: ...studies NeckVol Spiral mode for axial coronal and sagittal neck stud ies For SOMATOM Emotion 6 slice configuration NeckRoutine Spiral mode for soft tissue routine neck studies NeckThinSlice Spiral mode for thin slice soft tissue neck studies NeckVol Spiral mode for axial coronal and sagittal neck stud ies ...

Page 206: ... For image reconstruction of bone structure use ker nel B60 Patient positioning is very important for artifact free images The thoracic girdle should be positioned as far as possible in the caudal direction This can be done using a strap with a permanent loop or Velcro fastener at its end The ends of the strap must be attached to the patients wrists Then the strap must be wrapped around the patien...

Page 207: ... B40s the image appearance however is more agreeable due to a fine grained noise structure quite often the low contrast detect ability is improved by using B31s B41s instead of B30s B40s For higher sharpness as is required e g in patient protocols for cervical spine shoulder extremities thorax lung the kernels B50s B60s B70s B80s are available In case of 3D study only use kernel B10s and at least ...

Page 208: ...ft tissue studies in the cervical region e g tumors lymphoma abscesses etc For SOMATOM Emotion 16 slice configuration A typical range of 20 cm will be covered in 28 04 sec For SOMATOM Emotion 6 slice configuration A typical range of 20 cm will be covered in 17 29 sec ...

Page 209: ... Pitch Factor 0 80 Increment 5 0 mm 0 7 mm Kernel B50s B50s CTDIVol 16 25 mGy Effective dose Male 3 61 mSv Female 3 90 mSv Emotion 6 NeckRoutine kV 130 Effective mAs Quality ref mAs 85 Rotation Time 0 8 sec Acquisition 6 x 2 0 mm Slice collimation 2 0 mm Slice width 5 0 mm Feed Rotation 10 2 mm Pitch Factor 0 85 Increment 5 0 mm Kernel B50s CTDIVol 9 27 mGy Effective dose Male 2 36 mSv Female 2 48...

Page 210: ... or the floor of the mouth the slice thickness should be 5 mm and the length of the range should be adapted to match the anatomic region Target the FoV to ensure adequate coverage of the region of interest in the upper neck middle neck levels as well as to include the axilla in the lower neck level if required Contrast medium IV injection Start delay 45 sec Flow rate 2 0 ml sec Total amount 120 ml...

Page 211: ...Neck 211 ...

Page 212: ...A typical range of 20 cm will be covered in 32 97 sec Emotion 6 NeckThinSlice 2nd reconstr kV 130 Effective mAs Quality ref mAs 130 Rotation Time 0 8 sec Acquisition 6 x 1 0 mm Slice collimation 1 0 mm Slice width 5 0 mm 1 25 mm Feed Rotation 5 1 mm Pitch Factor 0 85 Increment 5 0 mm 0 8 mm Kernel B50s B50s CTDIVol 16 51 mGy Effective dose Male 4 06 mSv Female 4 25 mSv ...

Page 213: ... or the floor of the mouth the slice thickness should be 5 mm and the length of the range should be adapted to match the anatomic region Target the FoV to ensure adequate coverage of the region of interest in the upper neck middle neck levels as well as to include the axilla in the lower neck level if required Contrast medium IV injection Start delay 45 sec Flow rate 2 0 ml sec Total amount 120 ml...

Page 214: ...configuration A typical range of 20 cm will be covered in 28 04 sec For SOMATOM Emotion 16 slice configuration A typical range of 20 cm will be covered in 32 97 sec Emotion 16 Neck 2nd recon 3rd recon kV 130 Effective mAs Quality ref mAs 130 Rotation Time 1 0 sec Acquisition 16 x 0 6 mm Slice collimation 0 6 mm Slice width 5 0 mm 5 0 mm 5 0 mm Feed Rotation 7 7 mm Pitch Factor 0 80 Increment 5 0 m...

Page 215: ...ty ref mAs 130 Rotation Time 0 8 sec Acquisition 6 x 1 0 mm Slice collimation 1 0 mm Slice width 5 0 mm 5 0 mm 5 0 mm Feed Rotation 5 1 mm Pitch Factor 0 85 Increment 5 0 mm 5 0 mm 5 0 mm Kernel B50s B20s B20s CTDIVol 16 51 mGy Effective dose Male 4 06 mSv Female 4 25 mSv ...

Page 216: ... or the floor of the mouth the slice thickness should be 5 mm and the length of the range should be adapted to match the anatomic region Target the FoV to ensure adequate coverage of the region of interest in the upper neck middle neck levels as well as to include the axilla in the lower neck level if required Contrast medium IV injection Start delay 45 sec Flow rate 2 0 ml sec Total amount 120 ml...

Page 217: ...Neck 217 ...

Page 218: ...rify for example masses trauma dislocations and orthope dic indications For SOMATOM Emotion 16 slice configuration Shoulder Spiral mode for bone shoulder routine studies ShoulderVol Spiral mode for axial coronal and sagittal shoulder studies For SOMATOM Emotion 6 slice configuration Shoulder Spiral mode for bone shoulder routine studies ShoulderVol Spiral mode for axial coronal and sagittal should...

Page 219: ...ity we recom mend that you reduce one or more of the following collimation reconstruction increment and slice width for image reconstruction Body Kernels As standard kernels for body tissue studies B30s or B40s are recommended softer images are obtained with B20s or B10s extremely soft The kernels B31s or B41s have about the same visual sharpness as B30s respectively B40s the image appearance howe...

Page 220: ...oft tissue e g evaluation of joint cavities masses trauma disloca tions orthopedic indications etc For SOMATOM Emotion 16 slice configuration A scan range of 15 cm will be covered in 26 44 sec For SOMATOM Emotion 6 slice configuration A scan range of 15 cm will be covered in 40 50 sec ...

Page 221: ...1 0 Increment 5 0 mm 0 7 mm Kernel B60s B60s CTDIVol 12 50 mGy Effective dose Male 3 38 mSv Female 3 75 mSv Emotion 6 Shoulder 2nd recon kV 130 Effective mAs Quality ref mAs 100 Rotation Time 1 5 sec Acquisition 6 x 1 0 mm Slice collimation 1 0 mm Slice width 5 0 mm 1 25 mm Feed Rotation 6 0 mm Pitch Factor 1 00 Increment 5 0 mm 0 8 mm Kernel B60s B60s CTDIVol 12 70 mGy Effective dose Male 2 96mSv...

Page 222: ...ry For image reconstruction of soft tissue use kernel B31s and a slice width of 5 0 mm Coronal and sagittal 2D planar reconstructions are important for evaluation of the joint space bursa sacs in CT arthograms 3D renderings are helpful for complex fractures dislocations ...

Page 223: ...Shoulder 223 ...

Page 224: ... dis play view For SOMATOM Emotion 16 slice configuration A scan range of 15 cm will be covered in 26 44 sec For SOMATOM Emotion 6 slice configuration A scan range of 15 cm will be covered in 40 50 sec Emotion 16 Shoulder 2nd recon 3rd recon kV 130 Effective mAs Quality ref mAs 100 Rotation Time 1 5 sec Acquisition 16 x 0 6 mm Slice collimation 0 6 mm Slice width 5 0 mm 5 0 mm 5 0 mm Feed Rotation...

Page 225: ... joint space bursa sacs in CT arthograms 3D renderings are helpful for complex fractures dislocations Emotion 6 Shoulder 2nd recon 3rd recon kV 130 Effective mAs Quality ref mAs 100 Rotation Time 1 5 sec Acquisition 6 x 1 0 mm Slice collimation 1 0 mm Slice width 5 0 mm 5 0 mm 5 0 mm Feed Rotation 6 0 mm Pitch Factor 1 0 Increment 5 0 mm 5 0 mm 5 0 mm Kernel B60s B20s B20s CTDIVol 12 70 mGy Effect...

Page 226: ...ting to the Thorax region their descriptions individual indications and important hints on using them You can use the following scan protocols to clarify for example tumors metastases lymphoma lymph nodes vascular anomalies and interstitial changes in the lungs Thorax ...

Page 227: ... Spiral mode for axial coronal soft tissue and coronal lung studies ThoraxHR Spiral mode for high resolution lung studies ThoraxHRSeq Sequential mode for high resolution lung studies ThoraxECGHRSeq Sequential mode for high resolution ECG triggered lung studies LungLowDose Spiral mode with very low dose for early visualiza tion of pathologies LungCARE Spiral mode used for the application syngo Lung...

Page 228: ...al soft tissue and coronal lung studies ThoraxFast ThoraxFast06s Spiral mode for fast chest studies ThoraxHR Spiral mode for high resolution lung studies ThoraxHRSeq Sequential mode for high resolution lung studies ThoraxECGHRSeq Sequential mode for high resolution ECG triggered lung studies LungLowDose LungLowDose06s Spiral mode with very low dose for early visualiza tion of pathologies LungCARE ...

Page 229: ...Stasis of contrast medium in the arm superior vena cava often result in high density streak artifacts either in the region of the aortic arch or in the region of the subclavian vein A caudo cranial bottom to top scanning direction should be used to reduce this artifact by simply acquiring the data in this region at the later phase of the spiral scan In addition if the patient cannot hold his her b...

Page 230: ...ossible to interleave the soft tissue lung setting images in one film sheet This can be set up in the configuration for filming To further optimize MPR image quality we recom mend that you reduce one or more of the following collimation reconstruction increment and slice width for image reconstruction ...

Page 231: ... more agreeable due to a fine grained noise structure quite often the low contrast detect ability is improved by using B31s B41s instead of B30s B40s For higher sharpness as is required e g in patient protocols for cervical spine shoulder extremities thorax lung the kernels B50s B60s B70s B80s are available A special High Resolution lung kernel is supplied with B90s by using kernel B90s practicall...

Page 232: ...udies for the region of thorax e g examination of tumors metastases lymphoma lymph nodes vascular anomalies etc For SOMATOM Emotion 16 slice configuration A range of 30 cm will be covered in 12 92 sec For SOMATOM Emotion 6 slice configuration A range of 30 cm will be covered in 18 85 sec ...

Page 233: ...80 Increment 5 0 mm 5 0 mm Kernel B41s B70s CTDIVol 7 84 mGy Effective dose Male 4 36 mSv Female 5 55 mSv Emotion 6 ThorRoutine 2nd recon kV 130 Effective mAs Quality ref mAs 70 Rotation Time 0 8 0 6 sec Acquisition 6 x 2 0 mm Slice collimation 2 0 mm Slice width 5 0 mm 5 0 mm Feed Rotation 10 2 mm Pitch Factor 0 85 Increment 5 0 mm 5 0 mm Kernel B41s B70s CTDIVol 7 63 mGy Effective dose Male 3 87...

Page 234: ...234 Thorax Hint For lung cancer evaluation this protocol can be com bined with protocol NeckRoutine Contrast medium IV injection Start delay 25 30 sec Flow rate 2 5 ml sec Total amount 80 ml ...

Page 235: ...tine thorax studies with one spiral scan E g thorax studies in general and interstitial changes in the lungs For SOMATOM Emotion 16 slice configuration A range of 30 cm will be covered in 13 70 sec For SOMATOM Emotion 6 slice configuration A range of 30 cm will be covered in 21 20 sec ...

Page 236: ...ty ref mAs 70 Rotation time 0 6 sec Acquisition 16 x 0 6 mm Slice collimation 0 6 mm Slice width 5 0 mm 5 0 mm 1 0 mm 1 0 mm Feed Rotation 14 4 mm Pitch Factor 1 50 Increment 5 0 mm 5 0 mm 0 7 mm 0 7 mm Kernel B41s B90s B41s B70s CTDIVol 8 75 mGy Effective dose Male 4 51 mSv Female 5 78 mSv ...

Page 237: ...Rotation time 0 8 0 6 sec Acquisition 6 x 1 0 mm Slice collimation 1 0 mm Slice width 5 0 mm 5 0 mm 1 25 m m 1 25 m m Feed Rotation 10 8 9 0 mm Pitch Factor 1 80 1 50 Increment 5 0 mm 5 0 mm 0 8 mm 0 8 mm Kernel B41s B90s B41s B70s CTDIVol 8 89 mGy Effective dose Male 4 52 4 46 mSv Female 5 85 5 79 mSv ...

Page 238: ...llary fatty tissue and the bilateral mammary glands A third reconstruc tion can be set up with a wider FoV in the Recon task card For lung cancer evaluation this protocol can be com bined with protocol Neck Routine Contrast medium IV injection Start delay 25 sec Flow rate 2 5 ml sec Total amount 80 ml ...

Page 239: ...Thorax 239 ...

Page 240: ...jobs are predefined for reconstruction the first for soft tissue axial the second for lung axial the third for soft tissue coronal and fourth for soft tissue coronal studies in 3D images display view For SOMATOM Emotion 16 slice configuration A range of 30 cm will be covered in 13 70 sec For SOMATOM Emotion 6 slice configuration A range of 30 cm will be covered in 23 82 sec ...

Page 241: ...ty ref mAs 70 Rotation time 0 6 sec Acquisition 16 x 0 6 mm Slice collimation 0 6 mm Slice width 5 0 mm 5 0 mm 5 0 mm 5 0 mm Feed Rotation 14 4 mm Pitch Factor 1 50 Increment 5 0 mm 5 0 mm 5 0 mm 5 0 mm Kernel B41s B70s B41s B70s CTDIVol 8 75 mGy Effective dose Male 4 51 mSv Female 5 78 mSv ...

Page 242: ...econ 4th recon kV 130 Effective mAs Quality ref mAs 70 Rotation time 0 8 sec Acquisition 6 x 1 0 mm Slice collimation 1 0 mm Slice width 5 0 mm 5 0 mm 5 0 mm 5 0 mm Feed Rotation 10 8 mm Pitch Factor 1 80 Increment 5 0 mm 5 0 mm 5 0 mm 5 0 mm Kernel B41s B70s B41s B70s CTDIVol 8 89 mGy Effective dose Male 4 52 mSv Female 5 85 mSv ...

Page 243: ...llary fatty tissue and the bilateral mammary glands A third reconstruc tion can be set up with a wider FoV in the Recon task card For lung cancer evaluation this protocol can be com bined with protocol NeckRoutine Contrast medium IV injection Start delay 25 sec Flow rate 2 5 ml sec Total amount 80 ml ...

Page 244: ...st06s Indications Fast spiral mode for lung studies e g when a patient has difficulty with breathhold For SOMATOM Emotion 6 slice configuration A complete thorax scan in a range of 30 cm will be cov ered in 7 87 sec with ThoraxFast ...

Page 245: ... Quality ref mAs 70 Rotation Time 0 8 0 6 sec Acquisition 6 x 3 0 mm Slice collimation 3 0 mm Slice width 6 0 mm 6 0 mm Feed Rotation 27 0 mm Pitch Factor 1 50 Increment 6 0 mm 6 0 mm Kernel B41s B70s CTDIVol 7 14 mGy Effective dose Male 4 12 mSv Female 5 25 mSv Contrast medium IV injection Start delay 25 30 sec Flow rate 2 5 ml sec Total amount 80 ml ...

Page 246: ...dies e g interstitial changes in the lungs For SOMATOM Emotion 16 slice configuration A range of 30 cm for the complete thorax will be cov ered in 13 70 sec For SOMATOM Emotion 6 slice configuration A range of 30 cm for the complete thorax will be cov ered in 28 27 sec ...

Page 247: ...ref mAs 100 Rotation time 0 6 sec Acquisition 16 x 0 6 mm Slice collimation 0 6 mm Slice width 5 0 mm 5 0 mm 1 0 mm 1 0 mm Feed Rotation 14 4 mm Pitch Factor 1 50 Increment 5 0 mm 5 0 mm 0 7 mm 0 7 mm Kernel B90s B41s B70s B41s CTDIVol 12 50 mGy Effective dose Male 6 56 mSv Female 8 29 mSv ...

Page 248: ... groups with a history of exposure to carcinogenic agents e g asbestos Emotion 6 ThorHR 2nd recon 3rd recon 4th recon kV 130 Effective mAs Quality ref mAs 100 Rotation time 0 8 sec Acquisition 6 x 1 0 mm Slice collimation 1 0 mm Slice width 5 0 mm 5 0 mm 1 0 mm 1 0 mm Feed Rotation 9 0 mm Pitch Factor 1 50 Increment 5 0 mm 5 0 mm 0 7 mm 0 7 mm Kernel B90s B41s B70s B41s CTDIVol 12 70 mGy Effective...

Page 249: ...Thorax 249 ...

Page 250: ... configuration A scan range is predefined with 30 1 cm For SOMATOM Emotion 6 slice configuration A scan range is predefined with 30 0 cm Emotion 16 ThorHRSeq kV 130 Effective mAs Quality ref mAs 100 Rotation time 1 0 sec Acquisition 4 x 0 6 mm Slice collimation 0 6 mm Slice width 1 2 mm Feed Scan 10 0 mm Kernel B90s CTDIVol 3 31 mGy Effective dose Male 1 65 mSv Female 2 13 mSv ...

Page 251: ...loading the mode With studies of interstitial changes in the lungs con trast medium is not necessary Emotion 6 ThorHRSeq kV 130 Effective mAs Quality ref mAs 100 Rotation time 1 0 sec Acquisition 1 x 1 0 mm Slice collimation 1 0 mm Slice width 1 0 mm Feed Scan 10 0 mm Kernel B90s CTDIVol 1 01 mGy Effective dose Male 0 49 mSv Female 0 63 mSv ...

Page 252: ...uration A scan range is predefined with 19 1 cm For SOMATOM Emotion 6 slice configuration A scan range is predefined with 12 0 cm Emotion 16 ThoraxECGHR kV 130 Effective mAs Quality ref mAs 70 Rotation time 0 5 sec Acquisition 4 x 0 6 mm Slice collimation 0 6 mm Slice width 1 2 mm Feed Scan 10 0 mm Kernel B90s CTDIVol 2 32 mGy Effective dose Male 0 74 mSv Female 0 98 mSv ...

Page 253: ...very 10 or 20 mm instead of 15 mm as predefined simply change the Feed Scan before loading the mode Emotion 6 ThoraxECGHR kV 130 Effective mAs Quality ref mAs 70 Rotation time 0 8 sec Acquisition 1 x 1 0 mm Slice collimation 1 0 mm Slice width 1 0 mm Feed Scan 10 0 mm Kernel B90s CTDIVol 0 71 mGy Effective dose Male 0 21 mSv Female 0 29 mSv ...

Page 254: ... setting e g early visualization of pulmonary nodules For SOMATOM Emotion 16 slice configuration A typical thorax study in a range of 30 cm will be cov ered in 19 95 sec For SOMATOM Emotion 6 slice configuration A typical thorax study in a range of 30 cm will be cov ered in 18 85 sec ...

Page 255: ...lity ref mAs 16 Rotation time 0 6 sec Acquisition 16 x 0 6 mm Slice collimation 0 6 mm Slice width 5 0 mm 5 0 mm 1 0 mm 1 0 mm Feed Rotation 9 6 mm Pitch Factor 1 00 Increment 5 0 mm 5 0 mm 0 7 mm 0 7 mm Kernel B41s B90s B41s B70s CTDIVol 1 28 mGy Effective dose Male 0 68 mSv Female 0 86 mSv ...

Page 256: ...ty ref mAs 16 Rotation Time 0 8 0 6 sec Acquisition 6 x 2 0 mm Slice collimation 2 0 mm Slice width 5 0 mm 5 0 mm Feed Rotation 12 0 10 2 mm Pitch Factor 1 00 0 85 Increment 5 0 mm 5 0 mm Kernel B70s B30s CTDIVol 1 14 mGy Effective dose Male 0 57 mSv Female 0 62 0 74 mSv ...

Page 257: ...t tissue bone window set tings may be used to detect the presence of calcifica tions in the nodules It is essential to use the same protocol for follow up studies to check for progression CARE Dose 4D is off as default because for LungLow Dose protocols the lowest mAs values are used Contrast medium IV injection Start delay 30 sec Flow rate 2 5 ml sec Total amount 50 70 ml ...

Page 258: ...visual ization of pathologies used for the application Lung CARE For SOMATOM Emotion 16 slice configuration A typical thorax study in a range of 30 cm will be cov ered in 13 70 sec For SOMATOM Emotion 6 slice configuration A typical thorax study in a range of 30 cm will be cov ered in 17 87 sec ...

Page 259: ...y ref mAs 15 Rotation time 0 6 sec Acquisition 16 x 0 6 mm Slice collimation 0 6 mm Slice width 5 0 mm 5 0 mm 1 0 mm 1 0 mm Feed Rotation 14 4 mm Pitch Factor 1 50 Increment 5 0 mm 5 0 mm 0 7 mm 0 7 mm Kernel B41s B90s B41s B70s CTDIVol 1 20 mGy Effective dose Male 0 64 mSv Female 0 81 mSv ...

Page 260: ...f mAs 15 Rotation time 0 8 0 6 sec Acquisition 6 x 1 0 mm Slice collimation 1 0 mm Slice width 5 0 mm 5 0 mm 1 25 m m 1 25 m m Feed Rotation 10 8 mm Pitch Factor 1 80 Increment 5 0 mm 5 0 mm 0 8 mm 0 8 mm Kernel B41s B90s B41s B70s CTDIVol 1 25 mGy Effective dose Male 0 63 mSv Female 0 81 mSv ...

Page 261: ...ize the presence of calci fications in the nodules It is essential to use the same protocol for follow up studies to check for progression CARE Dose 4D is off as default because for syngo Lung CARE protocols the lowest mAs values are used For further information on the scan protocols and how to use syngo Lung CARE please refer to the Applica tion Guide Clinical Applications Contrast medium IV inje...

Page 262: ...them You can use the following scan protocols to clarify for example liver pancreas and kidney abnormalities For SOMATOM Emotion 16 slice configuration AbdomenRoutine Spiral mode for routine abdominal studies AbdomenCombi Spiral mode for the combination of thin slice and routine abdominal studies AbdomenVol Spiral mode for axial and coronal abdomen studies Abdomen ...

Page 263: ... for routine abdominal studies AbdomenCombi AbdomenCombi06s Spiral mode for the combination of thin slice and routine abdominal studies AbdomenVol Spiral mode for axial and coronal abdomen studies AbdomenFast AbdomenFast06s Spiral mode for fast abdominal studies AbdMultiPhase AbdMultiPhase06s Spiral mode for three phases liver studies AbdomenSeq Sequential mode for abdominal studies Colonography C...

Page 264: ... can be used Diluted barium suspension 1 2 e g EZCAT Water soluble agent 2 4 e g Gastrografin Water alone as a negative contrast agent Timing of the oral contrast administration is important to ensure its even distribution in the bowel Upper abdomen Minimum 600 ml of contrast divided into 3 cups approximately 200 250 ml 1st cup to drink 30 minutes before exam 2nd cup to drink 15 minutes before exa...

Page 265: ...ients Administration of an IV CM injection in such cases may trigger a hypertensive crisis To further optimize MPR image quality we recom mend that you reduce one or more of the following collimation reconstruction increment and slice width for image reconstruction Body Kernels As standard kernels for body tissue studies B30s or B40s are recommended softer images are obtained with B20s or B10s ext...

Page 266: ... mode for routine studies in the region of abdo men e g evaluation follow up examinations etc For SOMATOM Emotion 16 slice configuration A scan range of 20 cm will be covered in 9 01 sec For SOMATOM Emotion 6 slice configuration A scan range of 20 cm will be covered in 12 96 sec ...

Page 267: ...h Factor 0 80 Increment 5 0 mm Kernel B41s CTDIVol 13 44 mGy Effective dose Male 5 81 mSv Female 7 15 mSv Emotion 6 AbdRoutine kV 130 Effective mAs Quality ref mAs 120 Rotation time 0 8 0 6 sec Acquisition 6 x 2 0 mm Slice collimation 2 0 mm Slice width 5 0 mm Feed Rotation 10 2 mm Pitch Factor 0 85 Increment 5 0 mm Kernel B41s CTDIVol 13 08 mGy Effective dose Male 5 06 mSv Female 6 30 mSv ...

Page 268: ...of MIP SSD VRT images Water could be used instead if necessary Water rather than positive oral contrast agents should be used Give the last cup 200 ml just prior to positioning the patient To ensure adequate filling of the duodenal loop lay the patient on the right side for 5 minutes before performing the topogram A pre contrast examination is usually performed only if no CT scans were previously ...

Page 269: ...Abdomen 269 ...

Page 270: ... routine abdominal stud ies with one spiral scan For SOMATOM Emotion 16 slice configuration A range of 20 cm for liver pancreas or kidneys will be covered in 9 53 sec For SOMATOM Emotion 6 slice configuration A range of 20 cm for liver pancreas or kidneys will be covered in 14 53 sec ...

Page 271: ...nt 5 0 mm 0 7 mm Kernel B41s B41s CTDIVol 16 25 mGy Effective dose Male 6 66 mSv Female 8 09 mSv Emotion 6 AbdCombi 2nd reconstr kV 130 Effective mAs Quality ref mAs 130 120 Rotation time 0 8 0 6 sec Acquisition 6 x 1 0 mm Slice collimation 1 0 mm Slice width 5 0 mm 1 25 mm Feed Rotation 9 0 mm Pitch Factor 1 50 Increment 5 0 mm 0 8 mm Kernel B41s B41s CTDIVol 16 51 15 24 mGy Effective dose Male 6...

Page 272: ... of MIP SSD VRT images Water could be used instead if necessary Water rather than positive oral contrast agents should be used Give the last cup 200 ml just prior to positioning the patient To ensure adequate filling of the duodenal loop lay the patient on the right side for 5 minutes before performing the topogram A pre contrast examination is usually performed only if no CT scans were previously...

Page 273: ...Abdomen 273 ...

Page 274: ...e configuration The whole scan range of 20 cm will be covered in 9 53 sec For SOMATOM Emotion 6 slice configuration The whole scan range of 20 cm will be covered in 19 38 sec Emotion 16 AbdCombi 2nd recon kV 130 Effective mAs Quality ref mAs 130 Rotation Time 0 6 Acquisition 16 x 0 6 mm Slice collimation 0 6 mm Slice width 5 0 mm 5 0 mm Feed Rotation 14 4 mm Pitch Factor 1 50 Increment 5 0 mm 5 0 ...

Page 275: ...uisition 6 x 1 0 mm Slice collimation 1 0 mm Slice width 5 0 mm 5 0 mm Feed Rotation 9 0 mm Pitch Factor 1 50 Increment 5 0 mm 5 0 mm Kernel B41s B30s CTDIVol 16 51 mGy Effective dose Male 6 32 mSv Female 7 85 mSv Contrast medium IV injection Start delay 50 65 sec Flow rate 3 0 ml sec Total amount 100 ml ...

Page 276: ...al contrast medium as this impairs the editing of MIP SSD VRT images Water could be used instead if necessary Water rather than positive oral contrast agents should be used Give the last cup 200 ml just prior to positioning the patient To ensure adequate filling of the duodenal loop lay the patient on the right side for 5 minutes before performing the topogram A pre contrast examination is usually...

Page 277: ...Abdomen 277 ...

Page 278: ...slice configuration A range of 20 cm will be covered in 5 64 sec with AbdomenFast06s Emotion 6 AbdFast kV 130 Effective mAs Quality ref mAs 120 Rotation time 0 8 0 6 sec Acquisition 6 x 3 0 mm Slice collimation 3 0 mm Slice width 6 0 mm Feed Rotation 27 0 mm Pitch Factor 1 50 Increment 6 0 mm Kernel B41s CTDIVol 12 24 mGy Effective dose Male 5 34 mSv Female 6 91 mSv ...

Page 279: ... of MIP SSD VRT images Water could be used instead if necessary Water rather than positive oral contrast agents should be used Give the last cup 200 ml just prior to positioning the patient To ensure adequate filling of the duodenal loop lay the patient on the right side for 5 minutes before performing the topogram A pre contrast examination is usually performed only if no CT scans were previously...

Page 280: ...range of 20 cm including liver pancreas and kidney arterial phase acquired in 5 37 sec Emotion 16 Non Contrast kV 110 Effective mAs Quality ref mAs 75 Rotation Time 0 6 sec Acquisition 16 x 1 2 mm Slice collimation 1 2 mm Slice width 5 0 mm Feed Rotation 28 8 mm Pitch Factor 1 50 Increment 5 0 mm Kernel B41s CTDIVol 5 40 mGy Effective dose Male 2 34 mSv Female 2 89 mSv ...

Page 281: ...n 16 Arterial Phase 2nd recon kV 110 Effective mAs Quality ref mAs 120 Rotation Time 0 6 sec Acquisition 16 x 0 6 mm Slice collimation 0 6 mm Slice width 5 0 mm 1 0 mm Feed Rotation 7 7 mm Pitch Factor 0 80 Increment 5 0 mm 0 7 mm Kernel B41s B41s CTDIVol 9 60 mGy Effective dose Male 4 05 mSv Female 4 84 mSv ...

Page 282: ... 01 sec Emotion 16 Venous Phase kV 130 Effective mAs Quality ref mAs 120 Rotation Time 0 6 sec Acquisition 16 x 1 2 mm Slice collimation 1 2 mm Slice width 5 0 mm Feed Rotation 15 4 mm Pitch Factor 0 80 Increment 5 0 mm Kernel B41s CTDIVol 13 44 mGy Effective dose Male 5 89 mSv Female 7 15 mSv ...

Page 283: ...l phase acquired in 7 87 sec Emotion 6 Non Contrast kV 110 Effective mAs Quality ref mAs 75 Rotation Time 0 8 0 6 sec Acquisition 6 x 2 0 mm Slice collimation 2 0 mm Slice width 5 0 mm Feed Rotation 18 0 mm Pitch Factor 1 50 Increment 5 0 mm Kernel B41s CTDIVol 5 33 mGy Effective dose Male 2 14 mSv Female 2 71 mSv ...

Page 284: ... Arterial Phase 2nd recon kV 110 Effective mAs Quality ref mAs 120 Rotation Time 0 8 0 6 sec Acquisition 6 x 2 0 mm Slice collimation 2 0 mm Slice width 5 0 mm 2 5 mm Feed Rotation 10 2 mm Pitch Factor 0 85 Increment 5 0 mm 1 7 mm Kernel B41s B31 B41s CTDIVol 8 52 mGy Effective dose Male 3 24 mSv Female 4 03 mSv ...

Page 285: ...reshold of 120 HU or use manual trigger ing Emotion 6 Venous Phase kV 130 Effective mAs Quality ref mAs 120 Rotation Time 0 8 0 6 sec Acquisition 6 x 2 0 mm Slice collimation 2 0 mm Slice width 5 0 mm Feed Rotation 10 2 mm Pitch Factor 0 85 Increment 5 0 mm Kernel B41s CTDIVol 13 08 mGy Effective dose Male 5 06 mSv Female 6 30 mSv Contrast medium IV injection Start delay 20 25 sec arterial phase 5...

Page 286: ... 200 ml just prior to positioning the patient To ensure adequate filling of the duodenal loop lay the patient on the right side for 5 minutes before performing the topogram A pre contrast examination is usually performed only if no CT scans were previously acquired to exclude calculi in the common bile duct and to visu alize possible lesions in the liver Furthermore this also ensures exact positio...

Page 287: ...Abdomen 287 ...

Page 288: ...tion A scan range is predefined with 19 5 cm For SOMATOM Emotion 6 slice configuration A scan range is predefined with 30 8 cm Emotion 16 AbdSeq kV 130 Effective mAs Quality ref mAs 120 Rotation time 0 6 sec Acquisition 2 x 5 0 mm Slice collimation 5 0 mm Slice width 5 0 mm Feed Scan 10 0 mm Kernel B41s CTDIVol 12 24 mGy Effective dose Male 4 85 mSv Female 5 68 mSv ...

Page 289: ...on the right side for 5 minutes before performing the topogram A pre contrast examination is usually performed only if no CT scans were previously acquired to exclude calculi in the common bile duct and to visu alize possible lesions in the liver Emotion 6 AbdSeq kV 130 Effective mAs Quality ref mAs 120 Rotation time 0 8 sec Acquisition 6 x 2 0 mm Slice collimation 2 0 mm Slice width 4 0 mm Feed S...

Page 290: ...d for the application syngo Colonogra phy For SOMATOM Emotion 16 slice configuration A complete colon in a range of 40 cm will be covered in 17 87 sec For SOMATOM Emotion 6 slice configuration A complete colon in a range of 40 cm will be covered in 27 87 sec ...

Page 291: ...e 0 6 sec 0 6 sec Acquisition 16 x 0 6 mm 16 x 0 6 mm Slice collimation 0 6 mm 0 6 mm Slice width 1 0 mm 1 0 mm Feed Rotation 14 4 mm 14 4 mm Pitch Factor 1 50 1 50 Increment 0 7 mm 0 7 mm Kernel B41s B20s CTDIVol 6 25 mGy 3 75 mGy Effective dose Male 4 48 mSv Female 6 85 mSv Male 2 64 mSv Female 4 11 mSv ...

Page 292: ...V 130 130 Effective mAs Quality ref mAs 50 30 Rotation Time 0 8 0 6 sec 0 8 0 6 sec Acquisition 6 x 1 0 mm 6 x 1 0 mm Slice collimation 1 0 mm 1 0 mm Slice width 1 25 mm 1 25 mm Feed Rotation 10 8 9 0 mm 10 8 9 0 mm Pitch Factor 1 80 1 50 1 80 1 50 Increment 0 8 mm 0 8 mm Kernel B41s B20s CTDIVol 6 35 mGy 3 81 mGy Effective dose Male Female 4 61 4 53 mSv 7 01 6 96 mSv 2 77 2 72 mSv 4 20 4 18 mSv C...

Page 293: ...Abdomen 293 ...

Page 294: ...n use the following scan protocols to clarify for example prolapse degenerative changes trauma and tumors For SOMATOM Emotion 16 slice configuration C Spine Spiral mode for cervical spine studies C SpineVol Spiral mode for axial sagittal soft tissue and sagittal bone studies for the cervical spine SpineRoutine Spiral mode for routine lumbar and thoracic spine studies Spine ...

Page 295: ...or cervical spine studies C SpineVol Spiral mode for axial sagittal soft tissue and sagittal bone studies for the cervical spine SpineRoutine Spiral mode for routine lumbar and thoracic spine studies SpineVol Spiral mode for axial and sagittal lumbar and tho racic spine studies SpineThinSlice Spiral mode for thin slice lumbar and thoracic spine studies SpineSeq Sequential mode for lumbar and thora...

Page 296: ... images should be recon structed with at least 50 overlapping and kernel B10 In case of SSD study only mAs value can be reduced by 50 Use kernel B10 and 50 overlapping image reconstruction For lumbar studies place a cushion under the patient s knees This will reduce the curve in the spine and also make the patient more comfortable For image reconstruction of bone study use kernel B60 The CT scan f...

Page 297: ...dy Kernels As standard kernels for body tissue studies B30s or B40s are recommended softer images are obtained with B20s or B10s extremely soft The kernels B31s or B41s have about the same visual sharpness as B30s respectively B40s the image appearance however is more agreeable due to a fine grained noise structure quite often the low contrast detect ability is improved by using B31s B41s instead ...

Page 298: ...e for cervical spine studies e g prolapse degenerative changes trauma tumors etc For SOMATOM Emotion 16 slice configuration A range of 15 cm will be covered in 21 53 sec For SOMATOM Emotion 6 slice configuration A range of 15 cm will be covered in 31 41 sec ...

Page 299: ...80 Increment 2 0 mm 0 7 mm Kernel B31s B60s CTDIVol 18 75 mGy Effective dose Male 3 49 mSv Female 3 71 mSv Emotion 6 C Spine 2nd recon kV 130 Effective mAs Quality ref mAs 150 Rotation Time 1 0 sec Acquisition 6 x 1 0 mm Slice collimation 1 0 mm Slice width 2 0 mm 1 25 mm Feed Rotation 5 1 mm Pitch Factor 0 85 Increment 2 0 mm 0 8 mm Kernel B31s B60s CTDIVol 19 05 mGy Effective dose Male 4 27 mSv ...

Page 300: ...SOMATOM Emotion 16 slice configuration A range of 15 cm will be covered in 21 53 sec For SOMATOM Emotion 6 slice configuration A range of 15 cm will be covered in 31 41 sec Emotion 16 C Spine 2nd recon 3rd recon kV 130 Effective mAs Quality ref mAs 150 Rotation Time 1 0 sec Acquisition 16 x 0 6 mm Slice collimation 0 6 mm Slice width 2 0 mm 2 0 mm 2 0 mm Feed Rotation 7 7 mm Pitch Factor 0 80 Incr...

Page 301: ...lity ref mAs 150 Rotation Time 1 0 sec Acquisition 6 x 1 0 mm Slice collimation 1 0 mm Slice width 2 0 mm 2 0 mm 2 0 mm Feed Rotation 5 1 mm Pitch Factor 0 85 Increment 2 0 mm 2 0 mm 2 0 mm Kernel B31s B20s B60s CTDIVol 19 05 mGy Effective dose Male 4 27 mSv Female 4 29 mSv ...

Page 302: ...r SOMATOM Emotion 6 slice configuration A range of 15 cm will be covered in 27 00 sec Emotion 16 SpineRo utine 2nd recon 3rd recon kV 130 Effective mAs Quality ref mAs 190 Rotation Time 1 0 sec Acquisition 16 x 0 6 mm Slice collimation 0 6 mm Slice width 3 0 mm 1 0 mm 1 0 mm Feed Rotation 6 2 mm Pitch Factor 0 65 Increment 3 0 mm 0 7 mm 0 7 mm Kernel B31s B31s B70s CTDIVol 23 75 mGy Effective dose...

Page 303: ...uality ref mAs 190 Rotation Time 1 0 sec Acquisition 6 x 2 0 mm Slice collimation 2 0 mm Slice width 3 0 mm 2 5 mm 2 5 mm Feed Rotation 6 0 mm Pitch Factor 0 50 Increment 3 0 mm 1 5 mm 1 5 mm Kernel B31s B31s B60s CTDIVol 20 70 mGy Effective dose Male 4 93 mSv Female 11 26 mSv ...

Page 304: ... of 10 cm will be covered in 32 30 sec F o r S O M A T Emotion 6 Spine ThinSlice 2nd recon 3rd recon kV 130 Effective mAs Quality ref mAs 190 Rotation Time 1 0 sec Acquisition 6 x 1 0 mm Slice collimation 1 0 mm Slice width 3 0 mm 1 25 mm 1 25 mm Feed Rotation 3 3 mm Pitch Factor 0 55 Increment 3 0 mm 0 8 mm 0 8 mm Kernel B31s B31s B70s CTDIVol 24 13 mGy Effective dose Male 3 64 mSv Female 7 23 mS...

Page 305: ... For SOMATOM Emotion 16 slice configuration A range of 15 cm will be covered in 26 04 sec For SOMATOM Emotion 6 slice configuration A range of 10 cm will be covered in 32 30 sec Emotion 16 Spine 2nd recon 3rd recon kV 130 Effective mAs Quality ref mAs 190 Rotation Time 1 0 sec Acquisition 16 x 0 6 mm Slice collimation 0 6 mm Slice width 3 0 mm 2 0 mm 2 0 mm Feed Rotation 6 2 mm Pitch Factor 0 65 I...

Page 306: ...ity ref mAs 190 Rotation Time 1 0 sec Acquisition 6 x 1 0 mm Slice collimation 1 0 mm Slice width 3 0 mm 2 0 mm 2 0 mm Feed Rotation 3 3 mm Pitch Factor 0 55 Increment 3 0 mm 2 0 mm 2 0 mm Kernel B31s B20s B20s CTDIVol 24 13 mGy Effective dose Male 3 64 mSv Female 7 23 mSv ...

Page 307: ...Spine 307 ...

Page 308: ... etc This protocol contains three ranges L3 L4 L4 L5 L5 S1 Three different typical gantry tilts are predefined for L3 L4 0 for L4 L5 5 and for L5 S1 15 For SOMATOM Emotion 16 slice configuration A scan range is predefined with 79 mm For SOMATOM Emotion 6 slice configuration A scan range is predefined with 84 mm ...

Page 309: ... sec 1 5 sec 1 5 sec Acquisition 12 x 0 6 mm 12 x 0 6 mm 12 x 0 6 mm Slice collimation 0 6 mm 0 6 mm 0 6 mm Slice width 2 4 mm 2 4 mm 2 4 mm Feed Scan 7 2 mm 7 2 mm 7 5 mm Kernel B31s B31s B31s CTDIVol 38 64 mGy 38 49 mGy 42 66 mGy Effective dose Male Female 1 75 mSv 2 45 mSv 2 15 mSv 3 78 mSv 2 43 mSv 5 56 mSv ...

Page 310: ...ffective mAs Quality ref mAs 280 280 320 Rotation time 1 5 sec 1 5 sec 1 5 sec Acquisition 6 x 1 0 mm 6 x 1 0 mm 6 x 1 0 mm Slice collimation 1 0 mm 1 0 mm 1 0 mm Slice width 2 0 mm 2 0 mm 2 0 mm Feed Scan 6 0 mm 6 0 mm 6 0 mm Kernel B31s B31s B31s CTDIVol 35 56 mGy 35 56 mGy 40 64 mGy Effective dose Male Female 0 88 mSv 1 44 mSv 0 91 mSv 1 96 mSv 0 81 mSv 3 52 mSv ...

Page 311: ...Spine 311 ...

Page 312: ...eo kV 80 Effective mAs Quality ref mAs 220 Rotation time 1 0 sec Acquisition 2 x 5 0 mm Slice collimation 5 0 mm Slice width 10 0 mm Feed Scan 0 0 mm Kernel S80s CTDIVol 5 72 mGy Effective dose Male 0 48 mSv Female 0 71 mSv Emotion 6 Osteo kV 80 Effective mAs Quality ref mAs 220 Rotation time 1 0 sec Acquisition 2 x 5 0 mm Slice collimation 5 0 mm Slice width 10 0 mm Feed Scan 0 0 mm Kernel S80s C...

Page 313: ...osteo range according to the patient diameter Therefore special obese protocols for the osteo eval uation are not longer necessary Load all ranges in the application syngo Osteo CT For further information please refer to the Application Guide Clinical Applications ...

Page 314: ...arify for example abnormalities of the prostate urinary blad der rectum joint cavity masses and trauma For SOMATOM Emotion 16 slice configuration Pelvis Spiral mode for routine soft tissue pelvis studies PelvisVol Spiral mode for axial and coronal pelvis studies Hip Spiral mode for routine hip studies HipVol Spiral mode for axial and coronal hip studies SI_Joints Spiral mode for sacral iliac joint...

Page 315: ...is Spiral mode for routine soft tissue pelvis studies PelvisVol Spiral mode for axial and coronal pelvis studies Hip Spiral mode for routine hip studies HipVol Spiral mode for axial and coronal hip studies SI_Joints Spiral mode for sacral iliac joints studies ...

Page 316: ...s not negatively influence this region Rectal contrast medium administration Rectal contrast media is usually required to delineate the rectum and sigmoid colon if lower pelvic mass or pathology is suspected In some cases air may be substituted for a positive contrast agent The use of vaginal tampon may be helpful in adult female patients with suspected pelvis pathology To further optimize MPR ima...

Page 317: ...out the same visual sharpness as B30s respectively B40s the image appearance however is more agreeable due to a fine grained noise structure quite often the low contrast detect ability is improved by using B31s B41s instead of B30s B40s For higher sharpness as is required e g in patient protocols for cervical spine shoulder extremities thorax the kernels B50s B60s B70s B80s are avail able ...

Page 318: ...udies e g processes of the prostate urinary bladder rectum gynecological indications etc For SOMATOM Emotion 16 slice configuration A typical range of 20 cm will be covered in 8 94 sec For SOMATOM Emotion 6 slice configuration A typical range of 20 cm will be covered in 13 11 sec ...

Page 319: ...tch Factor 1 50 Increment 5 0 mm Kernel B41s CTDIVol 13 44 mGy Effective dose Male 5 32 mSv Female 9 14 mSv Emotion 6 Pelvis kV 130 Effective mAs Quality ref mAs 120 Rotation Time 1 0 sec Acquisition 6 x 2 0 mm Slice collimation 2 0 mm Slice width 5 0 mm Feed Rotation 18 0 mm Pitch Factor 1 50 Increment 5 0 mm Kernel B41s CTDIVol 13 08 mGy Effective dose Male 5 13 mSv Female 8 76 mSv ...

Page 320: ...mination performed requires a full urinary bladder wait at least 3 minutes following IV adminis tration of the contrast medium Contrast medium IV injection Start delay 50 sec Flow rate 2 0 3 0 ml sec Total amount 100 120 ml ...

Page 321: ...Pelvis 321 ...

Page 322: ...otion 16 slice configuration A typical range of 20 cm will be covered in 8 94 sec For SOMATOM Emotion 6 slice configuration A typical range of 20 cm will be covered in 13 11 sec Emotion 16 Pelvis 2nd reconstr kV 130 Effective mAs Quality ref mAs 120 Rotation Time 1 0 sec Acquisition 16 x 1 2 mm Slice collimation 1 2 mm Slice width 5 0 mm 5 0 mm Feed Rotation 28 8 mm Pitch Factor 1 50 Increment 5 0...

Page 323: ... kV 130 Effective mAs Quality ref mAs 120 Rotation Time 1 0 sec Acquisition 6 x 2 0 mm Slice collimation 2 0 mm Slice width 5 0 mm 5 0 mm Feed Rotation 18 0 mm Pitch Factor 1 50 Increment 5 0 mm 5 0 mm Kernel B41s B41s CTDIVol 13 08 mGy Effective Dose Male 5 13 mSv Female 8 76 mSv Contrast medium IV injection Start delay 50 sec Flow rate 2 0 3 0 ml sec Total amount 100 120 ml ...

Page 324: ...joint cavity masses trauma dysplasia necrosis of the head of the hip congruence evaluations orthopedic indications etc For SOMATOM Emotion 16 slice configuration A typical range of 10 cm will be covered in 8 94 sec For SOMATOM Emotion 6 slice configuration A typical range of 10 cm will be covered in 13 11 sec ...

Page 325: ... 50 Increment 5 0 mm 0 7 mm Kernel B70s B70s CTDIVol 12 50 mGy Effective Dose Male 2 31 mSv Female 5 93 mSv Emotion 6 Hip 2nd reconstr kV 130 Effective mAs Quality ref mAs 100 Rotation Time 1 0 sec Acquisition 6 x 1 0 mm Slice collimation 1 0 mm Slice width 5 0 mm 1 25 mm Feed Rotation 9 0 mm Pitch Factor 1 50 Increment 5 0 mm 0 8 mm Kernel B70s B70s CTDIVol 12 70 mGy Effective Dose Male 3 60 mSv ...

Page 326: ...s Hints In case of 3D study only images should be recon structed with at least 50 overlapping and kernel B10 If only one side is examined it is advisable to enter the side in the comment line on the Routine card ...

Page 327: ...Pelvis 327 ...

Page 328: ...guration A typical range of 10 cm will be covered in 8 94 sec For SOMATOM Emotion 6 slice configuration A typical range of 10 cm will be covered in 13 11 sec Two recon jobs are predefined for reconstruction the first for axial the second for coronal studies in 3D images display view Emotion 16 Hip 2nd reconstr kV 130 Effective mAs Quality ref mAs 100 Rotation time 1 0 sec Acquisition 16 x 0 6 mm S...

Page 329: ...to enter the side in the comment line on the routine card Emotion 6 Hip 2nd reconstr kV 130 Effective mAs Quality ref mAs 100 Rotation time 1 0 sec Acquisition 6 x 1 0 mm Slice collimation 1 0 mm Slice width 5 0 mm 5 0 mm Feed Rotation 9 0 mm Pitch Factor 1 50 Increment 5 0 mm 5 0 mm Kernel B70s B60s CTDIVol 12 70 mGy Effective Dose Male 3 60 mSv Female 3 16 mSv ...

Page 330: ...luation of joint cavity masses trauma dyspla sia necrosis congruence evaluations orthopedic indi cations etc For SOMATOM Emotion 16 slice configuration A typical range of 8 cm will be covered in 7 56 sec For SOMATOM Emotion 6 slice configuration A typical range of 8 cm will be covered in 10 89 sec ...

Page 331: ... 50 Increment 3 0 mm 0 7 mm Kernel B70s B70s CTDIVol 15 00 mGy Effective dose Male 2 21 mSv Female 5 44 mSv Emotion 6 SI_Joints 2nd reconstr kV 130 Effective mAs Quality ref mAs 120 Rotation time 1 0 sec Acquisition 6 x 1 0 mm Slice collimation 1 0 mm Slice width 3 0 mm 1 25 mm Feed Rotation 9 0 mm Pitch Factor 1 50 Increment 3 0 mm 0 8 mm Kernel B70s B70s CTDIVol 15 24 mGy Effective dose Male 2 8...

Page 332: ...ol relating to the Upper Extremities region its description indi vidual indications and important hints on using it You can use the following scan protocol to clarify for example trauma masses disorders of the joint and orthopedic indications Upper Extremities ...

Page 333: ...ne high resolution extremity studies ExtrCombi Spiral mode for the combination of thin slice and routine studies For SOMATOM Emotion 6 slice configuration WristHR Spiral mode for routine high resolution wrist studies ExtrRoutineHR Spiral mode for routine high resolution extremity studies ExtrCombi Spiral mode for the combination of thin slice and routine studies ...

Page 334: ...o pillow optional ankles supported with a pad Both wrists should be examined together when necessary Retrospective reconstruction can be done a Use B50s kernel for soft tissue evaluation b For targeted FoV images on the affected side it is advisable to enter the side being examined in the comment line In case of 3D study only use kernel B10 and at least 50 overlapping image reconstruction To furth...

Page 335: ...f B30s B40s For higher sharpness as is required e g in patient protocols for cervical spine shoulder extremities thorax lung the kernels B50s B60s B70s B80s are available The special kernels are mostly used for physical measurements with phantoms e g for adjustment procedures S80s for constancy and acceptance tests S80s U90s or for specification purposes U90s For special patient protocols S80s and...

Page 336: ...ral mode for resolution bone study of thewrist for example trauma orthopedic indications etc For SOMATOM Emotion 16 slice configuration A range of 6 cm will be done in 35 33 sec For SOMATOM Emotion 6 slice configuration A range of 6 cm will be done in 25 53 sec ...

Page 337: ...ch Factor 0 75 Increment 2 0 mm 0 4 mm Kernel U90s U90s CTDIVol 5 52 mGy Effective dose Male 0 mSv Female 0 mSv Emotion 6 WristHR 2nd reconstr kV 130 Effective mAs Quality ref mAs 40 Rotation time 1 0 sec Acquisition 6 x 0 5 mm Slice collimation 0 5 mm Slice width 2 0 mm 1 0 mm Feed Rotation 2 6 mm Pitch Factor 0 85 Increment 2 0 mm 0 6 mm Kernel U90s U90s CTDIVol 5 12 mGy Effective dose Male 0 01...

Page 338: ...338 Upper Extremities Hints For image reconstruction of soft tissue use kernel B30s B31s ...

Page 339: ...Upper Extremities 339 ...

Page 340: ...l mode for high resolution bone study for exam ple trauma orthopedic indications etc For SOMATOM Emotion 16 slice configuration A range of 10 cm will be done in 57 56 sec For SOMATOM Emotion 6 slice configuration A range of 10 cm will be done in 41 22 sec ...

Page 341: ...ctor 0 75 Increment 2 0 mm 0 4 mm Kernel U90s U90s CTDIVol 8 28 mGy Effective dose Male 0 02 mSv Female 0 02 mSv Emotion 6 ExtrHR 2nd reconstr kV 130 Effective mAs Quality ref mAs 60 Rotation time 1 0 sec Acquisition 6 x 0 5 mm Slice collimation 0 5 mm Slice width 2 0 mm 1 0 mm Feed Rotation 2 6 mm Pitch Factor 0 85 Increment 2 0 mm 0 6 mm Kernel U90s U90s CTDIVol 7 68 mGy Effective dose Male 0 01...

Page 342: ...342 Upper Extremities Hint For image reconstruction of soft tissue use kernel B30s B31s ...

Page 343: ...Upper Extremities 343 ...

Page 344: ... be done in 12 42 sec For SOMATOM Emotion 6 slice configuration A range of 10 cm will be done in 13 11 sec Emotion 16 ExtrCombi 2nd reconstr kV 130 Effective mAs Quality ref mAs 50 Rotation time 1 0 sec Acquisition 16 x 0 6 mm Slice collimation 0 6 mm Slice width 4 0 mm 1 0 mm Feed Rotation 14 4 mm Pitch Factor 1 50 Increment 4 0 mm 0 7 mm Kernel B41s B70s CTDIVol 6 25 mGy Effective dose Male 0 02...

Page 345: ...xtrCombi 2nd reconstr kV 130 Effective mAs Quality ref mAs 50 Rotation time 1 0 sec Acquisition 6 x 1 0 mm Slice collimation 1 0 mm Slice width 4 0 mm 1 25 mm Feed Rotation 9 0 mm Pitch Factor 1 50 Increment 4 0 mm 0 8 mm Kernel B41s B70s CTDIVol 6 35 mGy Effective dose Male 0 01 mSv Female 0 01 mSv ...

Page 346: ...lowing scan protocol to clarify for example masses disorders of the joint and orthope dic indications For SOMATOM Emotion 16 slice configuration Knee Spiral mode for routine joint studies Foot Spiral mode for routine foot studies ExtrRoutineHR Spiral mode for routine high resolution extremity studies ExtrCombi Spiral mode for the combination of thin slice and routine studies Lower Extremities ...

Page 347: ...e configuration Knee Spiral mode for routine joint studies Foot Spiral mode for routine wrist studies ExtrRoutineHR Spiral mode for routine high resolution extremity studies ExtrCombi Spiral mode for the combination of thin slice and routine studies ...

Page 348: ...tom of the same foot against the gantry casing For ankle and feet scan Patient lying in supine position feet first Bind both ankles together if necessary to assure the AP position of both feet Special positioning is not necessary since the real time MPR could simulate any view of secondary reconstruction Retrospective reconstruction can be done a Use B50s kernel for soft tissue evaluation b For ta...

Page 349: ...mage appearance however is more agreeable due to a fine grained noise structure quite often the low contrast detect ability is improved by using B31s B41s instead of B30s B40s For higher sharpness as is required e g in patient protocols for cervical spine shoulder extremities thorax lung the kernels B50s B60s B70s B80s are available In case of 3D study only the mAs value can be reduced by 50 Use k...

Page 350: ...ations Spiral mode for knee bone study e g trauma orthope dic indications etc For SOMATOM Emotion 16 slice configuration A range of 15 cm will be done in 21 53 sec For SOMATOM Emotion 6 slice configuration A range of 15 cm will be done in 31 41 sec ...

Page 351: ...mm Feed Rotation 7 7 mm Pitch Factor 0 80 Increment 3 0 mm 0 7 mm Kernel U90s U90s CTDIVol 10 00 mGy Effective dose Male 0 06 mSv Female 0 05 mSv Emotion 6 Knee 2nd reconstr kV 130 Effective mAs Quality ref mAs 80 Rotation time 1 0 sec Acquisition 6 x 1 0 mm Slice collimation 1 0 mm Slice width 3 0 mm 1 25 mm Feed Rotation 5 1 mm Pitch Factor 0 85 Increment 3 0 mm 0 8 mm Kernel U90s U90s CTDIVol 1...

Page 352: ...Spiral mode for foot bone study e g trauma orthope dic indications etc For SOMATOM Emotion 16 slice configuration A range of 15 cm will be done in 21 53 sec For SOMATOM Emotion 6 slice configuration A range of 15 cm will be done in 31 41 sec ...

Page 353: ... mm Feed Rotation 7 7 mm Pitch Factor 0 80 Increment 3 0 mm 0 7 mm Kernel U90s U90s CTDIVol 7 50 mGy Effective dose Male 0 02 mSv Female 0 01 mSv Emotion 6 Foot 2nd reconstr kV 130 Effective mAs Quality ref mAs 60 Rotation time 1 0 sec Acquisition 6 x 1 0 mm Slice collimation 1 0 mm Slice width 3 0 mm 1 25 mm Feed Rotation 5 1 mm Pitch Factor 0 85 Increment 3 0 mm 0 8 mm Kernel U90s U90s CTDIVol 7...

Page 354: ...piral mode for high resolution bone study e g trauma orthopedic indications etc For SOMATOM Emotion 16 slice configuration A range of 10 cm will be done in 57 56 sec For SOMATOM Emotion 6 slice configuration A range of 10 cm will be done in 41 22 sec ...

Page 355: ...ctive mAs Quality ref mAs 60 Rotation time 1 0 sec Acquisition 4 x 0 6 mm Slice collimation 0 6 mm Slice width 2 0 mm 0 6 mm Feed Rotation 1 8 mm Pitch Factor 0 75 Increment 2 0 mm 0 4 mm Kernel U90s U90s CTDIVol 8 28 mGy Effective dose Male 0 01 mSv Female 0 01 mSv ...

Page 356: ... B30s B31s Emotion 6 ExtrHR 2nd reconstr kV 130 Effective mAs Quality ref mAs 60 Rotation time 1 0 sec Acquisition 6 x 0 5 mm Slice collimation 0 5 mm Slice width 2 0 mm 1 0 mm Feed Rotation 2 6 mm Pitch Factor 0 85 Increment 2 0 mm 0 6 mm Kernel U90s U90s CTDIVol 7 68 mGy Effective dose Male 0 01 mSv Female 0 01 mSv ...

Page 357: ...Lower Extremities 357 ...

Page 358: ... be done in 12 42 sec For SOMATOM Emotion 6 slice configuration A range of 10 cm will be done in 13 11 sec Emotion 16 ExtrCombi 2nd reconstr kV 130 Effective mAs Quality ref mAs 50 Rotation time 1 0 sec Acquisition 16 x 0 6 mm Slice collimation 0 6 mm Slice width 4 0 mm 1 0 mm Feed Rotation 14 4 mm Pitch Factor 1 50 Increment 4 0 mm 0 7 mm Kernel B41s B70s CTDIVol 6 25 mGy Effective dose Male 0 02...

Page 359: ...30s B31s Emotion 6 ExtrCombi 2nd reconstr kV 130 Effective mAs Quality ref mAs 50 Rotation time 1 0 sec Acquisition 6 x 1 0 mm Slice collimation 1 0 mm Slice width 4 0 mm 1 25 mm Feed Rotation 9 0 mm Pitch Factor 1 50 Increment 4 0 mm 0 8 mm Kernel B41s B70s CTDIVol 6 35 mGy Effective dose Male 0 01 mSv Female 0 01 mSv ...

Page 360: ...ing to the Vascular region their descriptions individual indications and important hints on using them You can use the following scan protocols to clarify for example vascular abnormalities stenosis or occlu sions coarse plaques anomalies aneurysm and embolism Vascular ...

Page 361: ...tine Spiral mode for routine thorax CTAngio studies ThorAngioVol Spiral mode for axial and oblique thorax CTAngio studies ThorAngioECG Spiral mode for ECG gated thorax CTAngio studies using a collimation of 1 2 mm Embolism Spiral mode for routine pulmonary embolism studies BodyAngioRoutine Spiral mode for body CTAngio studies BodyAngioVol Spiral mode for axial and coronal body CTAngio studies Angi...

Page 362: ...horax CTAngio studies ThorAngioVol Spiral mode for axial and oblique thorax CTAngio studies ThorAngioECG06s Spiral mode for ECG gated thorax CTAngio studies ThorAngioECGSeq Sequential mode for ECG triggered chest CTAngio studies Embolism Embolism06s Spiral mode for routine pulmonary embolism studies BodyAngioRoutine BodyAngioRoutine06s Spiral mode for body CTAngio studies BodyAngioVol Spiral mode ...

Page 363: ...tration of contrast medium The use of water will not obscure the blood vessels thus allowing CTA processing to be performed easily afterwards Be careful when examining pheochromocytoma patients Administration of an IV CM injection in such cases may trigger a hypertensive crisis To further optimize MPR image quality we recom mend that you reduce one or more of the following collimation reconstructi...

Page 364: ...rper images with H50s The kernels H21s H31s H41s yield the same visual sharpness as H20s H30s H40s the image appearance however is more agreeable due to a fine grained noise struc ture quite often the low contrast detectability is improved by using H31s H41s instead of H30s H40s For the standard head protocols we propose H21s H31s H41s ...

Page 365: ...are obtained with B20s or B10s extremely soft The kernels B31s or B41s have about the same visual sharpness as B30s respectively B40s the image appearance however is more agreeable due to a fine grained noise structure quite often the low contrast detect ability is improved by using B31s B41s instead of B30s B40s ...

Page 366: ... for cerebral CT Angio studies e g cerebral vascular abnormalities tumors and follow up studies etc For SOMATOM Emotion 16 slice configuration A range of 80 mm will be covered in 7 45 sec For SOMATOM Emotion 6 slice configuration A range of 80 mm will be covered in 10 61 sec ...

Page 367: ...0 Increment 3 0 mm 0 7 mm Kernel H31s H20s CTDIVol 12 46 mGy Effective dose Male 0 43 mSv Female 0 48 mSv Emotion 6 HeadAngio 2nd reconstr kV 110 Effective mAs Quality ref mAs 70 Rotation time 0 8 0 6 sec Acquisition 6 x 1 0 mm Slice collimation 1 0 mm Slice width 3 0 mm 1 25 mm Feed Rotation 5 1 mm Pitch Factor 0 85 Increment 3 0 mm 0 8 mm Kernel H31s H20s CTDIVol 12 88 mGy Effective dose Male 0 ...

Page 368: ... with monitoring scans positioned at the level of the basilar artery or carotid artery Set the trigger threshold at 120 HU or use manual trig gering Contrast medium IV injection Start delay 18 sec Flow rate 3 5 ml sec Total amount 75 ml ...

Page 369: ...Vascular 369 ...

Page 370: ...structed as MIP images For SOMATOM Emotion 16 slice configuration A range of 8 0 cm will be covered in 7 45 sec For SOMATOM Emotion 6 slice configuration A range of 8 0 cm will be covered in 14 15 sec Emotion 16 HeadAngio 2nd reconstr kV 110 Effective mAs Quality ref mAs 70 Rotation time 0 6 sec Acquisition 16 x 0 6 mm Slice collimation 0 6 mm Slice width 3 0 mm 4 0 mm Feed Rotation 7 7 mm Pitch F...

Page 371: ... 6 HeadAngio 2nd reconstr kV 110 Effective mAs Quality ref mAs 70 Rotation time 0 8 sec Acquisition 6 x 1 0 mm Slice collimation 1 0 mm Slice width 3 0 mm 4 0 mm Feed Rotation 5 1 mm Pitch Factor 0 85 Increment 3 0 mm 4 0 mm Kernel H31s H20s CTDIVol 12 88 mGy Effective dose Male 0 37 mSv Female 0 42 mSv Contrast medium IV injection Start delay 18 sec Flow rate 3 5 ml sec Total amount 75 ml ...

Page 372: ...is or occlusion coarse plaques abnormalities of the carotids or vertebral arteries etc For SOMATOM Emotion 16 slice configuration A range of 20 cm including the aorta arch will be cov ered in 9 53 sec For SOMATOM Emotion 6 slice configuration A range of 12 cm including the aorta arch will be cov ered in 9 20 sec ...

Page 373: ... 50 Increment 5 0 mm 0 7 mm Kernel B30s B20s CTDIVol 5 60 mGy Effective dose Male 1 28 mSv Female 1 41 mSv Emotion 6 CarotidAngio 2nd reconstr kV 110 Effective mAs Quality ref mAs 70 Rotation time 0 8 0 6 sec Acquisition 6 x 1 0 mm Slice collimation 1 0 mm Slice width 5 0 mm 1 25 mm Feed Rotation 9 0 mm Pitch Factor 1 50 Increment 5 0 mm 0 8 mm Kernel B31s B20s CTDIVol 5 81 mGy Effective dose Male...

Page 374: ...cessing can be achieved using a thin slice thickness and 50 overlapping increments Thick MPRs and ThinMIPs can be created very quickly on the 3D Task Card by just clicking on the appropri ate icons The thickness of these reconstructed images can be defined by clicking on the icons with the right mouse to open the entry field Contrast medium IV injection Start delay 15 sec Flow rate 4 ml sec Total ...

Page 375: ...Vascular 375 ...

Page 376: ... as MIP images For SOMATOM Emotion 16 slice configuration A range of 20 cm including the aorta arch will be cov ered in 9 53 sec For SOMATOM Emotion 6 slice configuration A range of 12 cm including the aorta arch will be cov ered in 12 27 sec Emotion 16 CarotidAngio 2nd reconstr kV 110 Effective mAs Quality ref mAs 70 Rotation time 0 6 sec Acquisition 16 x 0 6 mm Slice collimation 0 6 mm Slice wid...

Page 377: ...ive mAs Quality ref mAs 70 Rotation time 0 8 sec Acquisition 6 x 1 0 mm Slice collimation 1 0 mm Slice width 5 0 mm 3 0 mm Feed Rotation 9 0 mm Pitch Factor 1 50 Increment 5 0 mm 3 0 mm Kernel B31s B20s CTDIVol 5 81 mGy Effective dose Male 0 57 mSv Female 0 62 mSv ...

Page 378: ...cessing can be achieved using a thin slice thickness and 50 overlapping increments Thick MPRs and ThinMIPs can be created very quickly on the 3D Task Card by just clicking on the appropri ate icons The thickness of these reconstructed images can be defined by clicking on the icons with the right mouse to open the entry field Contrast medium IV injection Start delay 15 sec Flow rate 4 ml sec Total ...

Page 379: ...Vascular 379 ...

Page 380: ...orax CT Angio studies e g visualiza tion of tumors metastases lymphoma lymph nodes vascular anomalies etc For SOMATOM Emotion 16 slice configuration A range of 30 cm will be covered in 13 70 sec For SOMATOM Emotion 6 slice configuration A range of 30 cm will be covered in 21 20 sec ...

Page 381: ... 50 Increment 5 0 mm 0 7 mm Kernel B31s B20s CTDIVol 5 60 mGy Effective dose Male 2 92 mSv Female 3 78 mSv Emotion 6 ThorAngio 2nd reconstr kV 110 Effective mAs Quality ref mAs 70 Rotation time 0 8 0 6 sec Acquisition 6 x 1 0 mm Slice collimation 1 0 mm Slice width 5 0 mm 1 25 mm Feed Rotation 9 0mm Pitch Factor 1 50 Increment 5 0 mm 0 8 mm Kernel B31s B20s CTDIVol 5 81 mGy Effective dose Male 2 9...

Page 382: ...nd ThinMIPs can be created very quickly on the 3D Task Card by just clicking on the appropri ate icons The thickness of these reconstructed images can be defined by clicking on the icons with the right mouse to open the entry field Editing is necessary for SSD display of the thoracic aorta without the bone Contrast medium IV injection Start delay 10 25 sec Flow rate 2 5 ml sec Total amount 80 ml ...

Page 383: ...Vascular 383 ...

Page 384: ...l be reconstructed as MIP images For SOMATOM Emotion 16 slice configuration A range of 30 cm will be covered in 13 70 sec For SOMATOM Emotion 6 slice configuration A range of 30 cm will be covered in 28 27 sec Emotion 16 ThorAngio 2nd reconstr kV 110 Effective mAs Quality ref mAs 70 Rotation time 0 6 sec Acquisition 16 x 0 6 mm Slice collimation 0 6 mm Slice width 5 0 mm 3 0 mm Feed Rotation 14 4 ...

Page 385: ...e mAs Quality ref mAs 70 Rotation time 0 8 sec Acquisition 6 x 1 0 mm Slice collimation 1 0 mm Slice width 5 0 mm 3 0 mm Feed Rotation 9 0 mm Pitch Factor 1 50 Increment 5 0 mm 3 0 mm Kernel B31s B30s CTDIVol 5 81 mGy Effective dose Male 2 96 mSv Female 3 83 mSv ...

Page 386: ...nd ThinMIPs can be created very quickly on the 3D Task Card by just clicking on the appropri ate icons The thickness of these reconstructed images can be defined by clicking on the icons with the right mouse to open the entry field Editing is necessary for SSD display of the thoracic aorta without the bone Contrast medium IV injection Start delay 10 25 sec Flow rate 2 5 ml sec Total amount 80 ml ...

Page 387: ...Vascular 387 ...

Page 388: ...piral scanning protocol using a collimation of 1 2 mm and an ECG gating technique for thorax CTAn gio studies For SOMATOM Emotion 16 slice configuration A range of 25 cm will be covered in 18 13 sec For SOMATOM Emotion 6 A range of 15 cm will be covered in 19 95 sec ...

Page 389: ...Rotation Time 0 5 sec Acquisition 16 x 1 2 mm Slice collimation 1 2 mm Slice width 3 0 mm 1 5 mm Feed Rotation 7 3 mm Pitch Factor 0 38 Increment 3 0 mm 0 8 mm Kernel B31s B31s Temp resolution depends on heart rate up to 125 ms CTDIVol 31 36 mGy Effective dose Male 13 88 mSv Female 18 66 mSv ...

Page 390: ... Rotation Time 0 6 sec Acquisition 6 x 2 0 mm Slice collimation 2 0 mm Slice width 5 0 mm 2 5 mm Feed Rotation 4 8 mm Pitch Factor 0 40 Increment 5 0 mm 1 5 mm Kernel B31s B31s Temp resolution depends on heart rate up to 150 ms CTDIVol 22 89 mGy Effective dose Male 5 87 mSv Female 8 12 mSv ...

Page 391: ...sed to optimize the bolus tim ing Set the ROI for monitoring scan in the aortic arch with triggering threshold of 120 HU or use manual triggering Contrast medium IV injection Start delay 4 10 sec Flow rate 2 5 ml sec Total amount 80 100 ml ...

Page 392: ...ing scan in the aortic arch with triggering threshold of 120 HU or use manual triggering Emotion 6 ThorAngioECG kV 130 Effective mAs Quality ref mAs 80 Rotation Time 0 8 sec Acquisition 6 x 1 0 mm Slice collimation 1 0 mm Slice width 1 0 mm Feed Scan 6 0 mm Kernel B31s Temp resolution depends on heart rate up to 400 ms CTDIVol 10 16 mGy Effective dose Male 6 92 mSv Female 9 00 mSv Contrast medium ...

Page 393: ...Vascular 393 ...

Page 394: ...s Indications Spiral mode for pulmonary embolism studies For SOMATOM Emotion 16 slice configuration A range of 30 cm will be covered in 13 70 sec For SOMATOM Emotion 6 slice configuration A range of 28 cm will be covered in 19 87 sec ...

Page 395: ...ent 3 0 mm 0 5 mm Kernel B31s B20s CTDIVol 6 40 mGy Effective dose Male 3 28 mSv Female 4 26 mSv Emotion 6 Embolism 2nd reconstr kV 110 Effective mAs Quality ref mAs 80 Rotation Time 0 8 0 6 sec Acquisition 6 x 1 0 mm Slice collimation 1 0 mm Slice width 3 0 mm 1 25 mm Feed Rotation 10 8 9 0 mm Pitch Factor 1 80 1 50 Increment 3 0 mm 0 8 mm Kernel B31s B20s CTDIVol 6 64 mGy Effective dose Male 3 2...

Page 396: ...ed to optimize the bolus tim ing Set the ROI for monitoring scan in the pulmonary trunk with triggering threshold of 120 HU or use manual triggering Contrast medium IV injection Start delay 6 10 sec Flow rate 4 ml sec Total amount 80 100 ml ...

Page 397: ...Vascular 397 ...

Page 398: ...ns Spiral mode for abdominal CT Angio studies For SOMATOM Emotion 16 slice configuration A typical study in a range of 40 cm will be covered in 17 87 sec For SOMATOM Emotion 6 slice configuration A typical study in a range of 20 cm will be covered in 14 53 sec ...

Page 399: ... 50 Increment 5 0 mm 0 7 mm Kernel B31s B20s CTDIVol 7 20 mGy Effective dose Male 5 04 mSv Female 6 36 mSv Emotion 6 BodyAngio 2nd reconstr kV 110 Effective mAs Quality ref mAs 90 Rotation Time 0 8 0 6 sec Acquisition 6 x 1 0 mm Slice collimation 1 0 mm Slice width 5 0 mm 1 25 mm Feed Rotation 9 0 mm Pitch Factor 1 50 Increment 5 0 mm 0 8 mm Kernel B31s B20s CTDIVol 7 47 mGy Effective dose Male 2 ...

Page 400: ...images Use water as oral contrast The length of the CM spiral in the topogram via the table position can be planned exactly by means of pre contrast images Precontrast images are used to visualize calcifica tion Excellent postprocessed images can be created using a thin slice thickness and overlapping images i e the increment should be smaller than the slice thick ness Contrast medium IV injection...

Page 401: ...Vascular 401 ...

Page 402: ...onfiguration A typical study in a range of 40 cm will be covered in 17 87 sec For SOMATOM Emotion 6 slice configuration A typical study in a range of 20 cm will be covered in 19 38 sec Emotion 16 BodyAngio 2nd reconstr kV 110 Effective mAs Quality ref mAs 90 Rotation Time 0 6 sec Acquisition 16 x 0 6 mm Slice collimation 0 6 mm Slice width 5 0 mm 3 0 mm Feed Rotation 14 4 mm Pitch Factor 1 50 Incr...

Page 403: ...e mAs Quality ref mAs 90 Rotation Time 0 8 sec Acquisition 6 x 1 0 mm Slice collimation 1 0 mm Slice width 5 0 mm 3 0 mm Feed Rotation 9 0 mm Pitch Factor 1 50 Increment 5 0 mm 3 0 mm Kernel B31s B30s CTDIVol 7 47 mGy Effective dose Male 2 83 mSv Female 3 51 mSv ...

Page 404: ...images Use water as oral contrast The length of the CM spiral in the topogram via the table position can be planned exactly by means of pre contrast images Precontrast images are used to visualize calcifica tion Excellent postprocessed images can be created using a thin slice thickness and overlapping images i e the increment should be smaller than the slice thick ness Contrast medium IV injection...

Page 405: ...Vascular 405 ...

Page 406: ... Indications Spiral mode for longer coverage and larger vessels For SOMATOM Emotion 6 slice configuration A typical study of the whole aorta including its bran chiocephalic trunk and iliac arteries in a range of 30 cm will be covered in 9 77 sec ...

Page 407: ...mAs Quality ref mAs 90 Rotation Time 0 8 0 6 sec Acquisition 6 x 2 0 mm Slice collimation 2 0 mm Slice width 5 0 mm 2 5 mm Feed Rotation 21 0 mm Pitch Factor 1 75 Increment 5 0 mm 1 5 mm Kernel B31 B30s B31s CTDIVol 6 39 mGy Effective dose Male 3 45 mSv Female 5 82 mSv ...

Page 408: ...D VRT images Use water as oral contrast The length of the CM spiral in the topogram via the table position can be planned exactly by means of pre contrast images Precontrast images are used to visualize calcifica tion Excellent postprocessed images can be created using a thin slice thickness and overlapping images i e the increment should be smaller than the slice thick ness Contrast medium IV inj...

Page 409: ...Vascular 409 ...

Page 410: ...06s Indications Spiral mode for CT Angio studies of the extremities For SOMATOM Emotion 16 slice configuration A range of 80 cm will be done in 17 87 sec For SOMATOM Emotion 6 slice configuration A range of 80 cm will be done in 23 42 sec ...

Page 411: ... 50 Increment 6 0 mm 1 0 mm Kernel B31s B31s CTDIVol 6 48 mGy Effective dose Male 4 98 mSv Female 5 08 mSv Emotion 6 AngioRunOff 2nd reconstr kV 110 Effective mAs Quality ref mAs 90 Rotation Time 0 8 0 6 sec Acquisition 6 x 2 0 mm Slice collimation 2 0 mm Slice width 6 0 mm 2 5 mm Feed Rotation 21 6 mm Pitch Factor 1 80 Increment 6 0 mm 1 5 mm Kernel B31s B31s CTDIVol 6 39 mGy Effective dose Male ...

Page 412: ...hold of 120 HU or use manual triggering If Topo length 1024 mm is not long enough you can also choose the Topo length of 1500 mm Position the patient as feet first Bend the feet together if necessary Contrast medium IV injection Start delay 25 30 sec Flow rate 3 0 3 5 ml sec Total amount 120 150 ml ...

Page 413: ...Vascular 413 ...

Page 414: ... cm will be done in 17 87 sec Emotion 16 WholeBody 2nd reconstr kV 110 Effective mAs Quality ref mAs 90 Rotation Time 0 6 sec Acquisition 16 x 1 2 mm Slice collimation 1 2 mm Slice width 6 0 mm 1 5 mm Feed Rotation 28 8 mm Pitch Factor 1 50 Increment 6 0 mm 1 0 mm Kernel B31s B31s CTDIVol 6 48 mGy Effective dose Male 9 33 mSv Female 10 11 mSv ...

Page 415: ...iggering threshold of 120 HU or use manual triggering If Topo length 1024 mm is not long enough you can also choose the 1540 mm long Topogram Position the patient as feet first Bend the feet together if necessary Contrast medium IV injection Start delay 10 20 sec Flow rate 3 0 3 5 ml sec Total amount 120 150 ml ...

Page 416: ...e configuration Trauma This is a one range mode for fast screening TraumaVol This is an one range mode for fast screening for coronal and sagittal studies PolyTrauma This is a combined mode for the examination of mul tiple ranges for example Head Neck Thorax Abdo men and Pelvis HeadTrauma Spiral head protocol for trauma studies with a FoV of 500 and therefore lowered image quality HeadTraumaSeq Se...

Page 417: ...for the examination of mul tiple ranges for example Head Neck Thorax Abdo men and Pelvis HeadTrauma Spiral head protocol for trauma studies with a FoV of 500 and therefore lowered image quality HeadTraumaSeq Sequential head protocol for trauma studies with a FoV of 500 and therefore lowered image quality ...

Page 418: ... a single multislice biopsy mode One 10mm slice is aquired CARE Vision The CARE Vision protocol is a spiral mode without table feed using a three times 4 8 mm slice thick ness CARE VisionSingle The CARE Vision protocol is a spiral mode without table feed using a 10 mm slice thickness CARE VisionBone The CARE Vision protocol is a spiral mode without table feed using a three times 4 8 mm slice thick...

Page 419: ...multislice biopsy mode One 10mm slice is aquired CARE Vision The CARE Vision protocol is a spiral mode without table feed using a three times 6 0 mm slice thick ness CARE VisionSingle The CARE Vision protocol is a spiral mode without table feed using a 10 mm slice thickness CARE VisionBone The CARE Vision protocol is a spiral mode without table feed using a three times 6 0 mm slice thick ness with...

Page 420: ...tBolus This mode can be used to test the start delay of opti mal enhancement after the contrast medium injec tion For SOMATOM Emotion 6 slice configuration TestBolus This mode can be used to test the start delay of opti mal enhancement after the contrast medium injec tion ...

Page 421: ...Specials 421 ...

Page 422: ...spital operating policy for handling a patient in distress e g Code Blue for cardiac and respiratory arrest Any possible injuries to the spinal column should be determined before beginning the examination and taken into account when shifting and positioning the patient Ensure that all vital lines e g IV tubing and oxygen tubing are not trapped under the patient or between the table and the cradle ...

Page 423: ...Specials 423 ...

Page 424: ...l be done in 11 62 s Emotion 16 Trauma 2nd recon 3rd recon kV 130 Effective mAs Quality ref mAs 85 Rotation Time 0 6 sec Acquisition 16 x 1 2 mm Slice collimation 1 2 mm Slice width 8 0 mm 2 0 mm 2 0 mm Feed Rotation 28 8 mm Pitch Factor 1 50 Increment 8 0 mm 1 5 mm 1 5 mm Kernel B31s B31s B70s CTDIVol 9 52 mGy Effective dose Male 7 02 mSv Female 8 81 mSv ...

Page 425: ...onfiguration A scan range of 50 cm will be done in 11 62 sec Trauma 2nd recon 3rd recon kV 130 Effective mAs Quality ref mAs 85 Rotation time 0 6 sec Acquisition 16 x 1 2 mm Slice collimation 1 2 mm Slice width 8 0 mm 8 0 mm 8 0 mm Feed Rotation 28 8 mm Pitch Factor 1 50 Increment 8 0 mm 8 0 mm 8 0 mm Kernel B31s B30s B30s CTDIVol 9 52 mGy Effective dose Male 7 02 mSv Female 8 81 mSv 4rd recon 5th...

Page 426: ...in 13 36 9 68 sec Emotion 16 Head Neck kV 130 130 Effective mAs Quality ref mAs 240 150 Rotation time 1 0 sec 1 0 sec Acquisition 16 x 1 2 mm 16 x 1 2 mm Slicecollimation 1 2 mm 1 2 mm Slice width 6 0 mm 5 0 mm Feed Rotation 10 6 mm 19 2 mm Pitch Factor 0 55 1 00 Increment 6 0 mm 5 0 mm Kernel H31s B50s CTDIVol 57 60 mGy 16 80 mGy Effective dose Male Female 2 63 mSv 2 88 mSv 3 08 mSv 3 37 mSv ...

Page 427: ... 130 130 Effective mAs Quality ref mAs 50 90 Rotation time 0 6 sec 0 6 sec Acquisition 16 x 1 2 mm 16 x 1 2 mm Slicecollimation 1 2 mm 1 2 mm Slice width 8 0 mm 8 0 mm Feed Rotation 15 4 mm 28 8 mm Pitch Factor 0 80 1 50 Increment 8 0 mm 8 0 mm Kernel B41s B41s CTDIVol 5 60 mGy 10 08 mGy Effective dose Male Female 1 94 mSv 2 53 mSv 8 47 mSv 10 60 mSv ...

Page 428: ...Effective mAs Quality ref mAs 250 150 Rotation time 1 0 sec 1 0 sec Acquisition 6 x 3 0 mm 6 x 2 0 mm Slicecollimation 3 0 mm 2 0 mm Slice width 6 0 mm 5 0 mm Feed Rotation 15 3 mm 12 0 mm Pitch Factor 0 85 1 00 Increment 6 0 mm 5 0 mm Kernel H31s B50s CTDIVol 55 00 mGy 16 35 mGy Effective dose Male Female 2 58 mSv 2 79 mSv 3 09 mSv 3 23 mSv ...

Page 429: ...30 130 Effective mAs Quality ref mAs 50 90 Rotation time 0 8 0 6 sec 0 8 0 6 sec Acquisition 6 x 3 0 mm 6 x 3 0 mm Slicecollimation 3 0 mm 3 0 mm Slice width 8 0 mm 8 0 mm Feed Rotation 15 3 mm 27 0 mm Pitch Factor 0 85 1 50 Increment 8 0 mm 8 0 mm Kernel B41s B41s CTDIVol 5 10 mGy 9 18 mGy Effective dose Male Female 1 73 mSv 2 27 mSv 8 00 mSv 10 37 mSv ...

Page 430: ...OM Emotion 6 slice configuration A scan range of 12 cm will be covered in 30 27 sec Emotion 16 Head 2nd reconstr kV 130 Effective mAs Quality ref mAs 240 Rotation time 1 5 sec Acquisition 16 x 1 2 mm Slice collimation 1 2 mm Slice width 6 0 mm 6 0 mm Feed Rotation 10 6 mm Pitch Factor 0 55 Increment 6 0 mm 6 0 mm Kernel H31s H60s CTDIVol 57 60 mGy Effective dose Male 2 63 mSv Female 2 88 mSv ...

Page 431: ...As Quality ref mAs 250 Rotation time 1 5 sec Acquisition 6 x 2 0 mm Slice collimation 2 0 mm Slice width 6 0 mm 6 0 mm Feed Rotation 6 6 mm Pitch Factor 0 55 Increment 6 0 mm 6 0 mm Kernel H31s H60s CTDIVol 58 75 mGy Effective dose Male 2 76 mSv Female 2 98 mSv ...

Page 432: ...ined with 12 5 cm For SOMATOM Emotion 6 slice configuration A scan range is predefined with 12 0 cm Emotion 16 HeadSeq kV 130 Effective mAs Quality ref mAs 270 Rotation time 1 5 sec Acquisition 2 x 5 0 mm Slice collimation 5 0 mm Slice width 5 0 mm 5 0 mm Feed Scan 10 0 mm 10 0 mm Kernel H31s H60s CTDlVol 58 32 mGy Effective dose Male 2 55 mSv Female 2 81 mSv ...

Page 433: ...0 Effective mAs Quality ref mAs 270 Rotation time 1 5 sec Acquisition 6 x 3 0 mm Slice collimation 3 0 mm Slice width 6 0 mm 6 0 mm Feed Scan 18 0 mm 18 0 mm Kernel H31s H60s CTDlVol 59 40 mGy Effective dose Male 3 05 mSv Female 3 17 mSv ...

Page 434: ... In some cases it might be advisable to position the patient feet first so that there will be more space for the intensive care equipment around The Trauma protocol is predefined with a Topo length of 1024 mm the Poly Trauma protocol with a Topo length of 1536 mm Note You should press the Hold Measurement but ton whenever the range shown on the real time growing topogram is long enough in order to...

Page 435: ...Specials 435 ...

Page 436: ...grams Adjust the mAs according to the body region before loading 10 scans are predefined You can repeat it by clicking the chronicle with the right mouse button and select repeat or simply change the number of scans to 99 before you start the first scan You can Append any routine protocol after the inter ventional procedure for a final check and documenta tion e g a short range of spiral scanning ...

Page 437: ...Effective mAs Quality ref mAs 110 Rotation time 0 6 sec Acquisition 12 x 1 2 mm Slice collimation 1 2 mm Slice width 4 8 mm Feed Scan 0 0 mm Kernel B31s CTDIvol 12 10 mGy Emotion 6 Biopsy kV 130 Effective mAs Quality ref mAs 110 Rotation time 0 6 sec Acquisition 6 x 3 0 mm Slice collimation 3 0 mm Slice width 6 0 mm Feed Scan 0 0 mm Kernel B31s CTDIvol 11 22 mGy ...

Page 438: ...lity ref mAs 50 Rotation time 0 6 sec Acquisition 2 x 5 0 mm Slice collimation 5 0 mm Slice width 10 0 mm Feed Scan 0 0 mm Kernel B31s CTDlVol 5 10 mGy Emotion 6 Biopsy Single kV 130 Effective mAs Quality ref mAs 50 Rotation time 0 6 sec Acquisition 2 x 5 0 mm Slice collimation 5 0 mm Slice width 10 0 mm Feed Scan 0 0 mm Kernel B31s CTDlVol 4 75 mGy ...

Page 439: ...ies and arthograms The raw data will not be available for image recon struction In case of the FoV must be changed due to movement insert a control scan by clicking on the chronicle with the right mouse button You can Append any routine protocol after the inter ventional procedure for a final check and documenta tion for example a short range of spiral scanning for the biopsy region With gantry ti...

Page 440: ...16 CAREVision kV 130 Effective mAs Quality ref mAs 30 Rotation time 0 6 sec Acquisition 16 x 0 6 mm Slice collimation 0 6 mm Slice width 4 8 mm Feed Scan 0 0 Increment 1 0 mm Kernel B31s CTDIvol 3 75 mGy Emotion 6 CAREVision kV 130 Effective mAs Quality ref mAs 30 Rotation time 0 6 sec Acquisition 6 x 3 0 mm Slice collimation 3 0 mm Slice width 6 0 mm Feed Scan 0 0 Increment 1 0 mm Kernel B31s CTD...

Page 441: ...uality ref mAs 30 Rotation time 0 6 sec Acquisition 2 x 5 0 mm Slice collimation 5 0 mm Slice width 10 0 mm Feed Scan 0 0 Increment 1 0 mm Kernel B31s CTDIvol 3 06 mGy Emotion 6 CAREVision kV 130 Effective mAs Quality ref mAs 30 Rotation time 0 6 sec Acquisition 2 x 5 0 mm Slice collimation 5 0 mm Slice width 10 0 mm Feed Scan 0 0 Increment 1 0 mm Kernel B31s CTDIvol 2 85 mGy ...

Page 442: ...n kV 130 Effective mAs Quality ref mAs 30 Rotation time 0 6 sec Acquisition 16 x 0 6 mm Slice collimation 0 6 mm Slice width 4 8 mm Feed Scan 0 0 Increment 1 0 mm Kernel B50s CTDIvol 3 75 mGy Emotion 6 CAREVision kV 130 Effective mAs Quality ref mAs 30 Rotation time 0 6 sec Acquisition 6 x 3 0 mm Slice collimation 3 0 mm Slice width 6 0 mm Feed Scan 0 0 Increment 1 0 mm Kernel B50s CTDIvol 3 06 mG...

Page 443: ...n during the interventional procedure It switches off the x ray exposure for a 100 angle between three different positions 10 00 12 00 and 2 00 o clock Thus provides a significant dose saving to the opera tor s hand while keeping the image quality constant X Ray off X Ray on ...

Page 444: ...es inde pendent of the current or a future patient position The list elements are sorted clockwise from a view to the front of the gantry Values None 10 00 o clock 12 00 o clock 2 00 o clock default None label HandCARE The HandCARE position is graphically displayed on the Routine subtask card HandCARE positions ...

Page 445: ...ble position 4 Turn on the light marker on the Gantry to localize the entry point and then start patient preparation 5 Open the Patient Model Dialog Check the check box Append Select one of the predefined CAREVi sion scan protocols under Specials protocols and then click OK 6 Select the HandCARE position on the scan card 7 Click Load and the Cancel Move to scan on the pre selected table position 8...

Page 446: ...e needle or to control the needle position Without HandCARE every time you release the foot switch max the last scanned 3 sec of acquired images are automatically saved to the local data base With HandCARE every time you release the foot switch one image per rotation is automatically saved to the local database If CARE View is used only the middle slice of the last image is displayed after release...

Page 447: ... Image Display To display a reference image during the examination procedure the Viewing task card can be displayed on a second monitor Additional Dose Information CARE Vision uses scan parameters and operating con ditions which are unique and may require additional care and radiation protection measures To avoid unnecessary exposure in any case the scan time should be kept as short as possible ...

Page 448: ...vol This unit is designed to give the average dose in the scanned volume Before starting the scan the dose rate CTDIvol in mGy per second is displayed on the monitor During the CARE Vision scan the accumulated dose CTDI vol reflecting the patient exposure is dis played on the monitor The display scale ranges from zero to 3000 mGy If the table is shifted during the examination the accumulated dose ...

Page 449: ... scan plane may receive approximately the accumulated dose as shown on the CTDI display Avoid being directly exposed to the x ray beam Protection against stray radiation The x ray beam is limited to the imaged scan vol ume but a significant portion of the x rays is scat tered and distributed in the scan room stray radia tion Wear protective clothing to reduce exposure A table with measured data of...

Page 450: ...e new Interventional Tool Bar in the main menu under Imange Intervention The Interventional Toolbar will be displyed as soon as an Interventional Scan entry is being loaded Interventional Window 1 2 3 Save current Table Position TP Auto Stop at Saved Table Position TP Auto Stop at last Interventional Scan Posi tion SP Blow Up CARE View CARE View Blow Up ...

Page 451: ...the table to another position the icon will be displayed in gray until you reach the saved Table position then it will turn to green again If you activate the Auto Stop at saved TP function and use the Joystick or the but tons on the Gantry the table will stop automatically at the desired position so it is easier for you to reposition the patient again This function will stay active until you pres...

Page 452: ...interventional proce dure You can change these modes while you are in the loaded process or while you are not applying radiation the layout changes will be applied if you start scan ning In the Interventional Toolbar for Biopsy you can change the layout of the display There are three differ ent modes available Blow up one big image Two segment CARE View three equal sized images The Image Layout ca...

Page 453: ...per scan is three CARE View is activated and shown on the Routine subtask card On the Recon subtask card you can select the CARE View image position depending on the patient posi tion e g if you want to display the images which is closer to the head of the patient on the left hand side of the image area select Head Left ...

Page 454: ...454 Specials CARE Vision and Biopsy layout for Single image display CARE Vision layout for CAREView large size display ...

Page 455: ...Specials 455 CARE Vision and Biopsy layout for CAREView equal size display Biopsy two segment ...

Page 456: ...ar will change to red If you start scan ning again the Dose scale bar will be reset Storage rate All three CAREView images Head Center and Feet can be saved if you select it under Configura tion Examination Intervention prior to your exami nation The image storage rate is also configurable under Option Configuration Examination Intervention depending on your system You can choose between an image ...

Page 457: ...seconds All together 6 images Conf 1 3ima s Head Central Feet images after 1st second Head Central Feet images after 2nd second Head Central Feet images after 3rd second Head Central Feet images after 3 5 seconds All together 12 images Auto load You have the possibility to turn the CARE Vision auto on The system will then automatically load the CARE Vision Mode and display the axial images so that...

Page 458: ...l be changed according to the chosen slice thickness default is always half the current slice thick ness but adapt the increment in 0 5 steps Biopsy Icon In the Routine subtask card you will find a button for switching on the biopsy Mode for every sequential scan protocol The box where you can define if you want to scan cranio caudal or caudo cranial will then change and you can decide if you want...

Page 459: ...r new images Inserting the next scan range by using the Patient Model Dialog will reset this function so that the default window setting will be applied If you want to change the window values you can do this under Option Configuration Viewing Evalu ation General but be aware you do not change it for the Interventional values only but for all window set tings If you don t want to change it for all...

Page 460: ...s kV 110 Effective mAs Quality ref mAs 40 Rotation time 0 6 sec Acquisition 2 x 5 0 mm Slice collimation 5 0 mm Slice width 10 0 mm Feed Scan 0 0 mm Kernel B31s CTDIvol 2 60 mGy Emotion 6 TestBolus kV 110 Effective mAs Quality ref mAs 40 Rotation time 0 6 sec Acquisition 2 x 5 0 mm Slice collimation 5 0 mm Slice width 10 0 mm Feed Scan 0 0 mm Kernel B31s CTDIvol 2 48 mGy ...

Page 461: ...Specials 461 ...

Page 462: ...ts all kinds of patient positioning immobilization and verification accessories ensuring the same patient position as on the LINAC table for example RT table tops Beekleys masks IR cameras new laser guidance system If non diagnostic CT examinations have to be per formed dedicated low dose protocols for virtual simu lation are provided Because external simulation SW might not be able to handle comp...

Page 463: ...Radiation Therapy 463 COHERENCE Dosimetrist Remember the challenges of Radiation Therapy Precisely locate and delineate the tumor volume Establish reliable external references on the patient surface ...

Page 464: ...464 Radiation Therapy Spare as much healthy tissue as possible Precisely position the patient for treatment for the entire course of treatment typically 25 35 fractions ...

Page 465: ... set up within 85 cm gantry opening and the ability to scan at a low table posi tion thereby maximizing gantry freespace Complete anatomical visualization for optimized localization and dose calculation with extended 85 cm FOV 85 cm Display FoV 50 cm Scan FoV ...

Page 466: ... especially for conformal 3D therapy and IMRT Intensity Modu lated Radiation Therapy Complete CT simulation solution providing higher geometrical accuracy of table and lasers and the integration of flat table inserts Slice 1 5 mm Rot 0 6 s Pitch 1 5 Slice 2 5 mm Rot 1 s Pitch 1 s 6 slice scanner RT edition Volume Coverage 15 cm in 10 s Volume Coverage 25 cm in 10 s SOMATOM Emotion 16 slice configu...

Page 467: ...d COHERENCE Dosimetrist or VSim on syngo MultiModality Workplace Display of gantry tilt angle in 0 5 degree increments Greater accuracy of X ray tube positioning for topo gram scans 1 degree Simplified horizontal positioning of the table During an examination a table feed position can be stored enabling fast and easy repositioning of a patient back to the previous table position Proven DICOM conne...

Page 468: ...s 3 CT scan 4 Offline Virtual Simulation and Dose Planning Treatment 1 Patient positioning on the therapy table external lasers 2 Verification of irradiation area light field projection 3 Treatment The default scan protocols provide the first recon job used for soft tissue studies and the second recon job for bone structures ...

Page 469: ...Radiation Therapy 469 ...

Page 470: ...ral mode for routine radiation therapy planning head studies RT_Thorax Spiral mode for routine fradiation therapy planning thoracic studies RT_Breast Spiral mode for routine radiation therapy planning studies of the breast RT_Abdomen Spiral mode for routine radiation therapy planning abdominal studies RT_Pelvis Spiral mode for routine radiation therapy planning pelvis studies ...

Page 471: ...d studies RT_Thorax Spiral mode for routine fradiation therapy planning thoracic studies RT_Breast Spiral mode for routine radiation therapy planning studies of the breast RT_Abdomen Spiral mode for routine radiation therapy planning abdominal studies RT_Pelvis Spiral mode for routine radiation therapy planning pelvis studies ...

Page 472: ... For SOMATOM Emotion 6 slice configuration A range of 12 cm will be covered in 30 27 sec Emotion 16 Head 2nd recon kV 130 Effective mAs Quality ref mAs 240 Rotation time 1 5 sec Acquisition 16 x 1 2 mm Slicecollimation 1 2 mm Slice width 3 0 mm 3 0 mm Feed Rotation 10 6 mm Pitch Factor 0 55 Increment 3 0 mm 3 0 mm Kernel H31s H60s CTDIVol 57 60 mGy Effective dose Male 2 66 mSv Female 2 88 mSv ...

Page 473: ...e mAs Quality ref mAs 250 Rotation time 1 5 sec Acquisition 6 x 2 0 mm Slicecollimation 2 0 mm Slice width 3 0 mm 3 0 mm Feed Rotation 6 6 mm Pitch Factor 0 55 Increment 3 0 mm 3 0 mm Kernel H31s H60s CTDIVol 58 75 mGy Effective dose Male 2 76 mSv Female 2 98 mSv ...

Page 474: ...sec For SOMATOM Emotion 6 slice configuration A range of 30 cm will be covered in 25 13 sec Emotion 16 Thorax 2nd recon kV 130 Effective mAs Quality ref mAs 90 Rotation time 0 6 sec Acquisition 16 x 1 2 mm Slice collimation 1 2 mm Slice width 8 0 mm 8 0 mm Feed Rotation 15 4 mm Pitch Factor 0 80 Increment 8 0 mm 8 0 mm Kernel B41s B70s CTDIVol 10 08 mGy Effective dose Male 5 53 mSv Female 7 35 mSv...

Page 475: ...ve mAs Quality ref mAs 90 Rotation time 0 8 sec Acquisition 6 x 2 0 mm Slice collimation 2 0 mm Slice width 8 0 mm 8 0 mm Feed Rotation 10 2 mm Pitch Factor 0 85 Increment 8 0 mm 5 0 mm Kernel B41s B70s CTDIVol 9 81 mGy Effective dose Male 4 98 mSv Female 6 45 mSv ...

Page 476: ... 12 92 sec For SOMATOM Emotion 6 slice configuration A range of 30 cm will be covered in 25 13 sec Emotion 16 Breast 2nd recon kV 130 Effective mAs Quality ref mAs 90 Rotation time 0 6 sec Acquisition 16 x 1 2 mm Slice collimation 1 2 mm Slice width 8 0 mm 8 0 mm Feed Rotation 15 4 mm Pitch Factor 0 80 Increment 8 0 mm 8 0 mm Kernel B41s B70s CTDIVol 10 08 mGy Effective dose Male 5 69 mSv Female 7...

Page 477: ...ve mAs Quality ref mAs 90 Rotation time 0 8 sec Acquisition 6 x 2 0 mm Slice collimation 2 0 mm Slice width 8 0 mm 8 0 mm Feed Rotation 10 2 mm Pitch Factor 0 85 Increment 8 0 mm 5 0 mm Kernel B41s B70s CTDIVol 9 81 mGy Effective dose Male 4 98 mSv Female 6 45 mSv ...

Page 478: ...ec For SOMATOM Emotion 6 slice configuration A range of 20 cm will be covered in 17 29 sec Emotion 16 Abdomen 2nd recon kV 130 Effective mAs Quality ref mAs 150 Rotation time 0 6 sec Acquisition 16 x 1 2 mm Slice collimation 1 2 mm Slice width 8 0 mm 8 0 mm Feed Rotation 15 4 mm Pitch Factor 0 80 Increment 8 0 mm 8 0 mm Kernel B41s B60s CTDIVol 16 80 mGy Effective dose Male 7 36 mSv Female 8 94 mS...

Page 479: ...ve mAs Quality ref mAs 150 Rotation time 0 8 sec Acquisition 6 x 2 0 mm Slice collimation 2 0 mm Slice width 8 0 mm 8 0 mm Feed Rotation 10 2 mm Pitch Factor 0 85 Increment 8 0 mm 8 0 mm Kernel B41s B60s CTDIVol 16 35 mGy Effective dose Male 6 33 mSv Female 7 87 mSv ...

Page 480: ...s Spiral mode for routine radiation therapy planning pel vis studies For SOMATOM Emotion 16 slice configuration A range of 20 cm will be covered in 8 94 sec For SOMATOM Emotion 6 slice configuration A range of 20 cm will be covered in 13 11 sec ...

Page 481: ...or 1 50 Increment 3 0 mm 3 0 mm Kernel B41s B60s CTDIVol 16 80 mGy Effective dose Male 6 68 mSv Female 11 42 mSv Emotion 6 Pelvis 2nd recon kV 130 Effective mAs Quality ref mAs 150 Rotation time 1 0 sec Acquisition 6 x 2 0 mm Slice collimation 2 0 mm Slice width 3 0 mm 3 0 mm Feed Rotation 18 0 mm Pitch Factor 1 50 Increment 3 0 mm 3 0 mm Kernel B41s B60s CTDIVol 16 35 mGy Effective dose Male 6 41...

Page 482: ...nning Feed and collimation do not have any influence An extended FoV of 800 mm means that only 500 mm are scanned the rest will be interpolated The effect on the HU values of having carbon plate tagged additionally to the patient table should be negligible and not measurable CARE Dose 4D does not have any effect on the HU values HU values and the conversion of the electron densi ties depend on the...

Page 483: ...Radiation Therapy 483 ...

Page 484: ...ecessarily exposed to radi ation if the target is located in a movable organ because the field of irradiation has to be set wider than the actual size of the tumour due to the organ s motion during respiration As far as the respiratory motion is periodical and repet itive the organs in the chest or abdomen move period ically and repetitively according to respiratory motion Therefore the diagnostic...

Page 485: ...ation curve will be displayed before and dur ing spiral acquisition and saved in the respiration file After scanning the user can select the respiration level in of inspiration or expiration for reconstruction A synthetic sync signal and a respiration curve editing functionality are available Regarding an imaging device such as SOMATOM Emotion 6 16 slice configuration the respiratory gat ing funct...

Page 486: ...iratory cycle in order to plan a treatment more accurately helps visualizing the tumor excursion for a better understanding of the target volume using InSpace 4D results in a more accurate description of the ROI and is considering tumor motion into the PTV planned target volume Respiration Monitoring Accurate determination of respiratory motion Respiration change recognition cough sneeze movement ...

Page 487: ...ization of CT data acquisition with respira tion 4D CT prospectively Respiratory Triggering or retrospectively Respiratory Gating Synchronization of 4D simulation data with respira tion Synchronized Treatment triggered beaming on off on Linac Linear Accelerator ...

Page 488: ...nal result ing in precise generation of inspiration and expiration gates Improper positioning of the respiratory belt will result in an unstable respiratory signal which is sensi tive to movements of the patient during the scan and can cause image artifacts due to small metallic compo nents of the sensor please position the respiratory belt outside of the scan range ...

Page 489: ...al Step 2 Step 4 patient load cell fixing belt The blue part should apply to the back of the patient patient s abdomen the dia phragm load cell setting point navel Securely fasten the fixing belt around the patient load cell connection cable Be careful load cell connection cable may not entangle with the patient Step 1 load cell Wind the load cell fixing belt around the body so that the pocket loa...

Page 490: ...ents are mandatory for a CT system Fast gantry rotation to raise the temporal resolution for artifact free images Prospective triggering of image acquisition in a sequential mode or retrospective gating of image reconstruction in a spiral mode based on the record ing of the respiratory curve in order to obtain images during inspiration and expiration phases Scan Parameters A respiratory gated lung...

Page 491: ...T acquisition Prospectively respiratory triggered sequential scan ning Retrospectively respiratory gated spiral scanning In both cases the respiration signal is recorded and used to either initiate prospective image acquisition triggering or to perform retrospective image recon struction gating Only scan data acquired in a user selectable phase of the respiration cycle is used for image reconstruc...

Page 492: ...le and Images are reconstructed by matching data to the respiration trace The respiration level amplitude is defined as an abso lute value The display of the respiratory curve is opti mized by an auto adjustment regarding Gain showing inspiration maximum as 100 of inspiration and expiration minimum as 100 of expiration and Offset showing the curve optimal to vertical display extent ...

Page 493: ...y curve is realtime in an updating mode Images can be reconstructed at any user defined Inha lation or Exhalation level Example 20 Ex Patient has exhaled to 80 20 In Patient has inhaled to 20 Inhalation Phase 100 Inspiration Exhalation Phase 0 Expiration ...

Page 494: ...has the benefit of smaller patient dose than respiratory gated spiral scanning since scan data is acquired at the previously selected respiratory level only It does not however provide continuous volume coverage with overlapping slices and misregistration of anatomical details may occur Furthermore reconstruction of images in differ ent levels of the respiratory cycle for functional evalu ation ne...

Page 495: ...spiratory peaks caused e g by coughing and sighing overall image quality may be improved by editing the respiratory curve prior to reconstruction Deleting the corresponding respiratory peaks prevents image reconstruction in the periods of coughing or arrhyth mic breathing Although respiratory gated spiral scan ning is less sensitive to variable respiratory rates than respiratory triggered sequenti...

Page 496: ...tory Gating The recorded Respiration curve can be edited similar to the ECG Trace editing in Cardiac CT Inspiration Syncs can be deleted disabled and inserted Expiration Syncs can be deleted disabled and inserted ...

Page 497: ...ory scan protocols It is recommended to always keep it activated for examinations with contrast medium In case of Respiratory signal loss during the acquisi tion this will ensure the continuation of the triggered scans or allows a Respiratory signal to be simulated for retrospective gating If it is deactivated the scanning will be aborted in case of Respiratory signal loss during the acquisition ...

Page 498: ... added After acquisition the 4D volume data set can be recon structed at different respiration levels to visualize the tumor movement over the whole respiration cycle and to display the anatomy in space 3D and time 4D InSpace 4D as an approved 4D application minimizes the time to choose the appropriate phase or 4D data visualization in multiple planes Creation of 4D movie loops For further informa...

Page 499: ... s respiratory phantom for the respiratory gating system AZ 733V Anzai medical Japan please refer to the User s manual The images are reconstructed from data acquired in one Inspiration or Expiration phase Multi Phase reconstruction is not available For each Inspiration or Expiration phase a new recon job can be added Preview Series is not yet available To determine the best Inspiration or Expirat...

Page 500: ...scan length is predefined with 30 5 cm For SOMATOM Emotion 6 slice configuration The scan length is predefined with 30 3 cm Emotion 16 RespSeq kV 130 Effective mAs Quality ref mAs 16 Rotation time 0 6 sec Acquisition 16 x 1 2 mm Slice collimation 1 2 mm Slice width 2 4 mm Feed Scan 19 2 mm Kernel B31s CTDIvol 1 79 mGy Effective dose Male 0 92 mSv Female 1 18 mSv ...

Page 501: ... 6 RespSeq kV 130 Effective mAs Quality ref mAs 16 Rotation time 0 6 sec Acquisition 6 x 3 0 mm Slice collimation 3 0 mm Slice width 3 0 mm Feed Scan 18 0 mm Kernel B31s CTDIvol 1 63 mGy Effective dose Male 1 29 mSv Female 1 81 mSv ...

Page 502: ...ange of 30 cm will be covered in 94 95 sec For SOMATOM Emotion 6 slice configuration A scan range of 30 cm will be covered in 86 04 sec Emotion 16 Resp 2nd reconstr kV 130 Effective mAs Quality ref mAs 320 Rotation time 0 6 sec Acquisition 16 x 1 2 mm Slice collimation 1 2 mm Slice width 3 0 mm 3 0 mm Feed Rotation 1 9 Pitch Factor 0 1 Increment 2 1 mm 2 1 mm Kernel B31s B31s CTDIvol 35 84 mGy ...

Page 503: ...d reconstr kV 130 Effective mAs Quality ref mAs 230 Rotation time 0 8 sec Acquisition 6 x 2 0 mm Slice collimation 2 0 mm Slice width 3 0 mm 3 0 mm Feed Rotation 1 8 Pitch Factor 0 15 Increment 2 0 mm 2 0 mm Kernel B31s B31s CTDIvol 25 07 mGy ...

Page 504: ...can range of 23 cm will be covered in 94 15 sec For SOMATOM Emotion 6 slice configuration A scan range of 14 cm will be covered in 94 93 sec Emotion 16 RespMode 2nd reconstr kV 130 Effective mAs Quality ref mAs 320 Rotation time 1 0 sec Acquisition 16 x 1 2 mm Slice collimation 1 2 mm Slice width 3 0 mm 3 0 mm Feed Rotation 2 5 Pitch Factor 0 13 Increment 2 1 mm 2 1mm Kernel B31s B31s CTDIvol 35 8...

Page 505: ... reconstr kV 130 Effective mAs Quality ref mAs 320 Rotation time 0 8 sec Acquisition 6 x 2 0 mm Slice collimation 2 0 mm Slice width 3 0 mm 3 0 mm Feed Rotation 1 2 Pitch Factor 0 10 0 10 Increment 2 0 mm 2 0 mm Kernel B31s B31s CTDIvol 34 88 mGy ...

Page 506: ...can range of 18 cm will be covered in 87 23 sec For SOMATOM Emotion 6 slice configuration A scan range of 11 cm will be covered in 93 67 sec Emotion 16 RespLow 2nd reconstr kV 130 Effective mAs Quality ref mAs 320 Rotation time 1 0 sec Acquisition 16 x 1 2 mm Slice collimation 1 2 mm Slice width 3 0 mm 3 0 mm Feed Rotation 2 1 Pitch Factor 0 11 Increment 2 1 mm 2 1 mm Kernel B31s B31s CTDIvol 35 8...

Page 507: ...ective mAs Quality ref mAs 320 Rotation time 1 0 sec Acquisition 6 x 2 0 mm Slice collimation 2 0 mm Slice width 3 0 mm 3 0 mm Feed Rotation 1 2 Pitch Factor 0 10 Increment 2 0 mm 2 0 mm Kernel B31s B31s CTDIvol 34 88 mGy Effective dose Male 6 40 mSv Female 9 14 mSv ...

Page 508: ...For a few protocols 80 kV is used instead of 120 kV either to exploit the significantly higher image con trast of iodine contrast media at 80 kV or to reach a lower dose level than possible with 120 kV For SOMATOM Emotion 16 slice configuration Head HeadRoutine Spiral mode for routine head studies HeadSeq Sequential mode for routine head studies InnerEarHR Spiral mode for high resolution inner ear...

Page 509: ...l studies Spine Spine Spiral mode for routine spine studies Upper Extremities Low Extremities ExtrRoutineHR Spiral mode for routine high resolution extremity studies ExtrCombi Spiral mode for the combination of thin slice and routine studies Vascular HeadAngio Spiral mode for head CTAngio studies CarotidAngio Spiral mode for carotid CTAngio studies BodyAngioRoutine Spiral mode for body CTAngio stu...

Page 510: ...inner ear studies InnerEarSeq Sequential mode for routine inner ear studies SinusOrbit Spiral mode for routine sinus and orbital studies Neck NeckRoutine Spiral mode for soft tissues routine neck studies Thorax ThoraxRoutine ThoraxRoutine06s Spiral mode for routine thorax studies ThoraxCombi ThoraxCombi06s Spiral mode for the combination of thin slice lung and routine thorax studies ThoraxHRSeq Se...

Page 511: ...r routine high resolution extremity studies ExtrCombi Spiral mode for the combination of thin slice and routine studies Vascular HeadAngio HeadAngio06s Spiral mode for head CTAngio studies CarotidAngio CarotidAngio06s Spiral mode for carotid CTAngio studies BodyAngioRoutine BodyAngioRoutine06s Spiral mode for body CTAngio studies BodyAngioFast BodyAngioFast06s Spiral mode for fast body CTAngio stu...

Page 512: ...the patient is positioned in the center Warm surroundings and dimmed lighting are helpful to make children more cooperative Sedation Although the advent of the Multislice CT scanner has enabled the user to scan through an area of interest much faster than ever sometimes patient motion can still result in severe motion arti facts which are seen on the resultant images This becomes a factor especial...

Page 513: ...rs or when 3D reconstructions are needed You need to be aware of all the contraindications of any of the con trast agents you use Please refer to the specific ver idor s recommednations I V contrast administration In general 1 2 ml per kg of body weight should be applied however since the scanning can be completed in just a few seconds please keep in mind that the total injection time should not b...

Page 514: ...uch as iodine have a significantly higher CT value vascular contrast Iodine CT val ues at 80 kV are about 50 higher than at 120 kV 80 kV was also used for applications when the low est achievable mAs at 120 kV was still higher than necessary for sufficient noise level for technical rea sons generators need to operate at a certain mini mum current for stable operation For applications such as neona...

Page 515: ...s H40s softer images are obtained with H30s or H20s H10s sharper images with H50s The kernels H21s H31s H41s yield the same visual sharpness as H20s H30s H40s the image appearance however is more agreeable due to a fine grained noise struc ture quite often the low contrast detectability is improved by using H31s H 41s instead of H30s H40s For the standard head protocols we propose C20s and C30s Hi...

Page 516: ...improved by using B31s B41s instead of B30s B40s For higher sharpness as is required for example in patient protocols for cervical spine shoulder extremities thorax the kernels B50s B60s B70s B80s are available The special kernels are mostly used for physical measurements with phantoms for example for adjustment procedures S80s for constancy and acceptance tests S80s S90s or for specification purp...

Page 517: ...Children 517 ...

Page 518: ...for routine head studies for example tumors hydrocephalus hemorrhaging abnormalities etc For SOMATOM Emotion 16 slice configuration A typical range of 12 cm covered in 20 05 sec For SOMATOM Emotion 6 slice configuration A typical range of 8 5 cm covered in 56 13 sec ...

Page 519: ...lice width 4 0 mm Feed Rotation 10 6 mm Pitch Factor 0 55 Increment 4 0 mm Kernel C30s CTDIVol 36 80 mGy Effective dose Male 2 83 mSv Female 2 89 mSv Emotion 6 Head kV 110 Effective mAs Quality ref mAs 230 Rotation time 1 5 sec Acquisition 6 x 1 0 mm Slice collimation 1 0 mm Slice width 5 0 mm Feed Rotation 2 4 mm Pitch Factor 0 40 Increment 5 0 mm Kernel C30s CTDIVol 42 32 mGy Effective dose Male...

Page 520: ...ty versus radiation dose scans are provided within a maximum scan field of 300 mm with respect to the iso center No recon job with a field of view exceeding those limits will be possible Therefore patient positioning has to be performed accurately to ensure a centered loca tion of the skull To work without CARE Dose 4D use for children 6 month 90 mAs 6 month 3 years 150 mAs 3 6 years 220 mAs Contr...

Page 521: ...Children 521 ...

Page 522: ...ce configuration A scan range is predefined with 8 5 cm For SOMATOM Emotion 6 slice configuration A scan range is predefined with 9 0 cm Emotion 16 HeadSeq kV 110 Effective mAs Quality ref mAs 260 Rotation time 1 5 sec Acquisition 2 x 5 0 mm Slice collimation 5 0 mm Slice width 5 0 mm Feed Scan 10 0 mm Kernel C30s CTDIVol 37 44 mGy Effective dose Male 1 83 mSv Female 1 96 mSv ...

Page 523: ...an range of 117 mm was used Emotion 6 HeadSeq kV 110 Effective mAs Quality ref mAs 260 Rotation time 1 5 sec Acquisition 6 x 2 0 mm Slice collimation 2 0 mm Slice width 6 0 mm Feed Scan 12 0 mm Kernel C30s CTDIVol 40 82 mGy Effective dose Male 1 86 mSv Female 1 84 mSv ...

Page 524: ...ty versus radiation dose scans are provided within a maximum scan field of 300 mm with respect to the iso center No recon job with a field of view exceeding those limits will be possible Therefore patient positioning has to be performed accurately to ensure a centered loca tion of the skull To work without CARE Dose 4D use for children 6 month 90 mAs 6 month 3 years 150 mAs 3 6 years 220 mAs Contr...

Page 525: ...Children 525 ...

Page 526: ...a tory changes pathologies of the mastoid process tumor processes of the pyramids post traumatic changes etc Note Same as for adults except for the FoV of 300 For SOMATOM Emotion 16 slice configuration A typical range of 4 0 cm covered in 24 22 sec For SOMATOM Emotion 6 slice configuration A typical range of 4 0 cm covered in 17 69 sec ...

Page 527: ...ice width 0 6 mm Feed Rotation 1 8 mm Pitch Factor 0 75 Increment 0 4 mm Kernel H90s CTDIVol 10 30 mGy Effective dose Male 0 25 mSv Female 0 25 mSv Emotion 6 InnerEar kV 110 Effective mAs Quality ref mAs 90 Rotation time 1 0 sec Acquisition 6 x 0 5 mm Slice collimation 0 5 mm Slice width 0 6 mm Feed Rotation 2 6 mm Pitch Factor 0 85 Increment 0 5 mm Kernel H90s CTDIVol 17 19 mGy Effective dose Mal...

Page 528: ... 300 mm with respect to the iso center No recon job with a field of view exceeding those limits will be possible Therefore patient positioning has to be performed accurately to ensure a centered loca tion of the skull To work without CARE Dose 4D use for children 3 years 40 mAs 3 6 years 60 mAs Contrast medium IV injection Start delay exam dependent Flow rate dependent upon needle size Access site...

Page 529: ...Children 529 ...

Page 530: ...ry changes pathologies of the mastoid process tumor processes of the pyramids post traumatic changes etc Note Same as for adults except for the FoV of 300 For SOMATOM Emotion 16 slice configuration A typical range of 4 0 cm covered in 7 21 sec For SOMATOM Emotion 6 slice configuration A typical range of 4 0 cm covered in 9 84 sec ...

Page 531: ...ice width 0 75 mm Feed Rotation 7 7 mm Pitch Factor 0 80 Increment 0 5 mm Kernel H90s CTDIVol 8 90 mGy Effective dose Male 0 27 mSv Female 0 28 mSv Emotion 6 InnerEar kV 110 Effective mAs Quality ref mAs 90 Rotation time 1 0 sec Acquisition 6 x 1 0 mm Slice collimation 1 0 mm Slice width 1 25 mm Feed Rotation 5 1 mm Pitch Factor 0 85 Increment 1 0 mm Kernel H90s CTDIVol 16 56 mGy Effective dose Ma...

Page 532: ... 300 mm with respect to the iso center No recon job with a field of view exceeding those limits will be possible Therefore patient positioning has to be performed accurately to ensure a centered loca tion of the skull To work without CARE Dose 4D use for children 3 years 40 mAs 3 6 years 60 mAs Contrast medium IV injection Start delay exam dependent Flow rate dependent upon needle size Access site...

Page 533: ...Children 533 ...

Page 534: ...ice configuration A scan range is predefined with 4 3 cm For SOMATOM Emotion 6 slice configuration A scan range is predefined with 8 3 cm Note Same as for adults except for the FoV of 300 Emotion 16 InnerEarSeq kV 110 Effective mAs Quality ref mAs 50 Rotation time 1 0 sec Acquisition 12 x 0 6 mm Slice collimation 0 6 mm Slice width 0 6 mm Feed Scan 7 2 mm Kernel H90s CTDIVol 10 00 mGy Effective do...

Page 535: ...n range of 40 mm was used Emotion 6 InnerEarSeq kV 110 Effective mAs Quality ref mAs 90 Rotation time 1 0 sec Acquisition 6 x 1 0 mm Slice collimation 1 0 mm Slice width 1 0 mm Feed Scan 6 0 mm Kernel H90s CTDIVol 16 56 mGy Effective dose Male 0 41 mSv Female 0 42 mSv ...

Page 536: ... 300 mm with respect to the iso center No recon job with a field of view exceeding those limits will be possible Therefore patient positioning has to be performed accurately to ensure a centered loca tion of the skull To work without CARE Dose 4D use for children 3 years 40 mAs 3 6 years 60 mAs Contrast medium IV injection Start delay exam dependent Flow rate dependent upon needle size Access site...

Page 537: ...Children 537 ...

Page 538: ...for example sinusitis pneuma tization polyposis malformations tumors etc Spiral mode for routine studies of the orbitae for example fracture For SOMATOM Emotion 16 slice configuration A typical range of 6 cm covered in 9 81 sec For SOMATOM Emotion 6 slice configuration A typical range of 4 cm covered in 9 84 sec ...

Page 539: ...ity ref mAs 50 Rotation time 1 0 sec Acquisition 16 x 0 6 mm Slice collimation 0 6 mm Slice width 3 0 mm 3 0 mm 1 0 mm 1 0 mm Feed Rotation 7 7 mm Pitch Factor 0 80 Increment 3 0 mm 3 0 mm 0 7 mm 0 7 mm Kernel C60s C30s C60s C30s CTDIVol 8 90 mGy Effective dose Male 0 29 mSv Female 0 31 mSv ...

Page 540: ...con 4th recon kV 110 Effective mAs Quality ref mAs 50 Rotation time 1 0 sec Acquisition 6 x 1 0 mm Slice collimation 1 0 mm Slice width 3 0 mm 3 0 mm 1 25 mm 1 25 mm Feed Rotation 5 1 mm Pitch Factor 0 85 Increment 3 0 mm 3 0 mm 0 8 mm 0 8 mm Kernel C60s C30s C60s C30s CTDIVol 9 20 mGy Effective dose Male 0 04 mSv Female 0 04 mSv ...

Page 541: ... defined with kernel H60s and with an overlap for visualizing bone structures with MPR To work without CARE Dose 4D use for children 3 years 40 mAs 3 6 years 60 mAs Contrast medium IV injection Start delay exam dependent Flow rate dependent upon needle size Access site Total amount 1 2 ml per kg of body weight ...

Page 542: ...or routine neck studies for example tumors lymphoma abscesses etc NeckRoutine For SOMATOM Emotion 16 slice configuration A typical range of 15 cm covered in 7 21 sec For SOMATOM Emotion 6 slice configuration A typical range of 15 cm covered in 8 27 sec ...

Page 543: ... 5 mm Feed Rotation 28 8 mm Pitch Factor 1 50 Increment 5 0 mm 1 0 mm Kernel B50s B50s CTDIVol 3 60 mGy Effective dose Male 0 69 mSv Female 0 71 mSv Emotion 6 Neck 2nd reconstr kV 110 Effective mAs Quality ref mAs 50 Rotation time 0 8 sec Acquisition 6 x 2 0 mm Slice collimation 2 0 mm Slice width 5 0 mm 2 5 mm Feed Rotation 18 0 mm Pitch Factor 1 50 Increment 5 0 mm 1 5 mm Kernel B50s B50s CTDIVo...

Page 544: ...ucted to hold their breath during the acquisition Children older than age 6 should be scanned with an adult protocol To work without CARE Dose 4D use for children 3 years 40 mAs 3 6 years 60 mAs Contrast medium IV injection Start delay exam dependent Flow rate dependent upon needle size Access site Total amount 1 2 ml per kg of body weight ...

Page 545: ...Children 545 ...

Page 546: ...routine thorax studies for example pneumonia tumors metastases lymphoma vascular abnormalities etc For SOMATOM Emotion 16 slice configuration A typical range of 15 cm covered in 4 33 sec For SOMATOM Emotion 6 slice configuration A typical range of 15 cm covered in 6 20 sec ...

Page 547: ...lity ref mAs 39 Rotation time 0 6 sec Acquisition 16 x 1 2 mm Slice collimation 1 2 mm Slice width 3 0 mm 3 0 mm 1 5 mm 1 5 mm Feed Rotation 28 8 mm Pitch Factor 1 50 Increment 3 0 mm 3 0 mm 1 0 mm 1 0 mm Kernel B41s B60s B41s B60s CTDIVol 2 81 mGy Effective dose Male 1 21 mSv Female 1 49 mSv ...

Page 548: ...horRoutine 2nd reconstr kV 110 Effective mAs Quality ref mAs 26 Rotation time 0 8 0 6 sec Acquisition 6 x 2 0 mm Slice collimation 2 0 mm Slice width 5 0 mm 5 0 mm Feed Rotation 18 0 mm Pitch Factor 1 50 Increment 5 0 mm 5 0 mm Kernel B41s B60s CTDIVol 1 85 mGy Effective dose Male 1 69 mSv Female 1 98 mSv ...

Page 549: ...jobs are defined for visu alization of the mediastinum and the lungs respec tively To work without CARE Dose 4D use for children 15 kg 17 mAs 15 24 kg 20 mAs 25 34 kg 30 mAs 35 54 kg 60 mAs Contrast medium IV injection Start delay exam dependent Flow rate dependent upon needle size Access site Total amount 1 2 ml per kg of body weight ...

Page 550: ...ndications Combining thin slice and routine thorax studies with one spiral scan for example thorax studies in general and interstitial changes in the lungs For SOMATOM Emotion 6 slice configuration A typical range of 15 cm covered in 11 20 sec ...

Page 551: ...on 4th recon kV 110 Effective mAs Quality ref mAs 39 Rotation time 0 8 0 6 sec Acquisition 6 x 1 0 mm Slice collimation 1 0 mm Slice width 3 0 mm 3 0 mm 1 25 mm 1 25 mm Feed Rotation 9 0 mm Pitch Factor 1 50 Increment 3 0 mm 3 0 mm 0 8 mm 0 8 mm Kernel B60s B41s B60s B41s CTDIVol 3 24 mGy Effective dose Male 2 82 mSv Female 3 33 mSv ...

Page 552: ...y loaded into 3D MPRthick and a coronal MPRthick Range will pop up Please notice if you are not satisfied with the Range preset adapt the parameters to your needs and link them to the series To work without CARE Dose 4D use for children 25 kg 25 mAs 25 34 kg 45 mAs 35 54 kg 65 mAs Contrast medium IV injection Start delay exam dependent Flow rate dependent upon needle size Access site Total amount ...

Page 553: ...Children 553 ...

Page 554: ...igh resolution lung studies for example interstitial changes in the lungs using a 10 mm feed For SOMATOM Emotion 16 slice configuration A scan range is predefined with 15 1 cm For SOMATOM Emotion 6 slice configuration A scan range is predefined with 15 0 cm ...

Page 555: ...n 4 x 0 6 mm Slice collimation 0 6 mm Slice width 1 2 mm Feed Scan 10 0 mm Kernel B90s CTDIVol 0 81 mGy Effective dose Male 0 31 mSv Female 0 39 mSv Emotion 6 ThoraxHRSeq kV 110 Effective mAs Quality ref mAs 36 Rotation time 1 0 sec Acquisition 1 x 1 0 mm Slice collimation 1 0 mm Slice width 1 0 mm Feed Scan 10 0 mm Kernel B90s CTDIVol 0 24 mGy Effective dose Male 0 20 mSv Female 0 24 mSv ...

Page 556: ...d with an adult protocol If you want to acquire the patient at full inspiration or full expiration you should practice breathing with the patient a few times before beginning the scan to improve reproductbility To work without CARE Dose 4D use for children 35 kg 30 mAs 35 54 kg 40 mAs ...

Page 557: ...Children 557 ...

Page 558: ...dies in the region of abdo men and pelvis for example tumors lymphoma abscesses post traumatic changes etc For SOMATOM Emotion 16 slice configuration A typical range of 20 0 cm covered in 5 37 sec For SOMATOM Emotion 6 slice configuration A typical range of 30 0 cm covered in 11 20 sec ...

Page 559: ...ce width 5 0 mm Feed Rotation 28 8 mm Pitch Factor 1 50 Increment 5 0 mm Kernel B41s CTDIVol 4 32 mGy Effective dose Male 2 78 mSv Female 3 38 mSv Emotion 6 AbdRoutine kV 110 Effective mAs Quality ref mAs 60 Rotation time 0 8 0 6 sec Acquisition 6 x 2 0 mm Slice collimation 2 0 mm Slice width 5 0 mm Feed Rotation 18 0 mm Pitch Factor 1 50 Increment 5 0 mm Kernel B41s CTDIVol 4 26 mGy Effective dos...

Page 560: ...mass Children with a body weight of more than 55 kg should be examined with an adult protocol To work without CARE Dose 4D use for children 25 kg 30 mAs 25 34 kg 55 mAs 35 54 kg 100 mAs Contrast medium IV injection Start delay exam dependent Flow rate dependent upon needle size Access site Total amount 1 2 ml per kg of body weight ...

Page 561: ...Children 561 ...

Page 562: ...studies for example post trau matic changes tumors malformations orthopedic indication etc For SOMATOM Emotion 16 slice configuration A typical range of 15 cm covered in 26 04 sec For SOMATOM Emotion 6 slice configuration A typical range of 15 cm covered in 16 71 sec ...

Page 563: ...mm Feed Rotation 6 2 mm Pitch Factor 0 65 Increment 2 0 mm 0 7 mm Kernel B41s B60s CTDIVol 4 80 mGy Effective dose Male 1 28 mSv Female 1 43 mSv Emotion 6 SpineRoutine 2nd reconstr kV 110 Effective mAs Quality ref mAs 78 Rotation time 1 0 sec Acquisition 6 x 2 0 mm Slice collimation 2 0 mm Slice width 3 0 mm 2 5 mm Feed Rotation 10 2 mm Pitch Factor 0 85 Increment 3 0 mm 1 5 mm Kernel B41s B60s CT...

Page 564: ...564 Children Hints Children with a body weight of more than 55 kg should be examined with an adult protocol To work without CARE Dose 4D use for children 25 kg 30 mAs 25 34 kg 55 mAs 35 54 kg 120 mAs ...

Page 565: ...Children 565 ...

Page 566: ...ge of 15 cm covered in 47 45 sec The conversion factor for a 7 year old child and a scan range of 160 mm was used Emotion 6 SpineThinSlice 2nd reconstr kV 110 Effective mAs Quality ref mAs 78 Rotation time 1 0 sec Acquisition 6 x 1 0 mm Slice collimation 1 0 mm Slice width 2 0 mm 1 25 mm Feed Rotation 3 3 mm Pitch Factor 0 55 Increment 2 0 mm 0 8 mm Kernel B41s B60s CTDIVol 6 47 mGy Effective dose...

Page 567: ...Children 567 Hints Children with a body weight of more than 55 kg should be examined with an adult protocol To work without CARE Dose 4D use for children 25 kg 40 mAs 25 34 kg 70 mAs 35 54 kg 90 mAs ...

Page 568: ... slice configuration A typical range of 10 cm covered in 35 33 sec The conversion factor for a 7 year old child and a scan range of 60 mm was used Adjust the mAs value to the body region Emotion 16 ExtrHR kV 110 Effective mAs Quality ref mAs 50 Rotation time 1 0 sec Acquisition 4 x 0 6 mm Slice collimation 0 6 mm Slice width 0 6 mm Feed Rotation 1 8 mm Pitch Factor 0 75 Increment 0 4 mm Kernel U90...

Page 569: ...examined with an adult protocol To work without CARE Dose 4D use for children 25 kg 26 mAs 25 34 kg 40 mAs 35 54 kg 80 mAs Emotion 6 ExtrHR kV 110 Effective mAs Quality ref mAs 50 Rotation time 1 0 sec Acquisition 6 x 0 5 mm Slice collimation 0 5 mm Slice width 0 6 mm Feed Rotation 3 0 mm Pitch Factor 1 00 Increment 0 3 mm Kernel U90s CTDIVol 4 25 mGy Effective dose Male 0 01 mSv Female 0 01 mSv ...

Page 570: ...ion of bone and soft tis sue studies for example masses trauma disorders of the joint etc For SOMATOM Emotion 16 slice configuration A typical range of 10 cm covered in 8 94 sec For SOMATOM Emotion 6 slice configuration A typical range of 10 cm covered in 13 11 sec ...

Page 571: ...0 mm 1 0 mm Feed Rotation 14 4 mm Pitch Factor 1 50 Increment 3 0 mm 0 7 mm Kernel B41s B70s CTDIVol 2 00 mGy Effective dose Male 0 mSv Female 0 mSv Emotion 6 ExtrCombi 2nd reconstr kV 110 Effective mAs Quality ref mAs 25 Rotation time 1 0 sec Acquisition 6 x 1 0 mm Slice collimation 1 0 mm Slice width 3 0 mm 1 25 mm Feed Rotation 9 0 mm Pitch Factor 1 50 Increment 3 0 mm 0 8 mm Kernel B41s B70s C...

Page 572: ... be examined with an adult protocol To work without CARE Dose 4D use for children 25 kg 26 mAs 25 34 kg 35 mAs 35 54 kg 70 mAs Contrast medium IV injection Start delay exam dependent Flow rate dependent upon needle size Access site Total amount 1 2 ml per kg of body weight ...

Page 573: ...Children 573 ...

Page 574: ...red in 3 70 sec For SOMATOM Emotion 6 slice configuration A typical range of 6 cm covered in 5 20 sec Emotion 16 HeadAngio 2nd reconstr kV 80 Effective mAs Quality ref mAs 80 Rotation time 0 6 sec Acquisition 16 x 0 6 mm Slice collimation 0 6 mm Slice width 2 0 mm 1 0 mm Feed Rotation 14 4 mm Pitch Factor 1 50 Increment 2 0 mm 0 7 mm Kernel C30s C30s CTDIVol 6 16 mGy Effective dose Male 0 20 mSv F...

Page 575: ...HeadAngio 2nd reconstr kV 80 Effective mAs Quality ref mAs 80 Rotation time 0 8 0 6 sec Acquisition 6 x 1 0 mm Slice collimation 1 0 mm Slice width 2 0 mm 1 25 mm Feed Rotation 9 0 mm Pitch Factor 1 50 Increment 2 0 mm 0 8 mm Kernel C30s C30s CTDIVol 6 40 mGy Effective dose Male 0 16 mSv Female 0 16 mSv ...

Page 576: ...old of 120 HU or use manual triggering An advanced algorithm allow for improved head image quality without any additional post process ing To work without CARE Dose 4D use for children 3 years 100 mAs 3 6 years 150 mAs Contrast medium IV injection Start delay exam dependent Flow rate dependent upon needle size Access site Total amount 1 2 ml per kg of body weight ...

Page 577: ...Children 577 ...

Page 578: ...studies for example carotidstenosis or occlusion vascular abnormalities of thecarotids or vertebral arteries etc For SOMATOM Emotion 16 slice configuration A typical range of 17 cm covered in 8 28 sec For SOMATOM Emotion 6 slice configuration A typical range of 20 cm covered in 14 53 sec ...

Page 579: ... mm Feed Rotation 14 4 mm Pitch Factor 1 50 Increment 3 0 mm 0 7 mm Kernel B41s B31s CTDIVol 1 28 mGy Effective dose Male 0 29 mSv Female 0 28 mSv Emotion 6 CarotidAngio 2nd reconstr kV 80 Effective mAs Quality ref mAs 60 Rotation time 0 8 0 6 sec Acquisition 6 x 1 0 mm Slice collimation 1 0 mm Slice width 3 0 mm 1 25 mm Feed Rotation 9 0 mm Pitch Factor 1 50 Increment 3 0 mm 0 8 mm Kernel B41s B3...

Page 580: ...ptimize the bolus timing with a triggering threshold of 120 HU or use manual triggering To work without CARE Dose 4D use for children 3 years 100 mAs 3 6 years 150 mAs Contrast medium IV injection Start delay exam dependent Flow rate dependent upon needle size Access site Total amount 1 2 ml per kg of body weight ...

Page 581: ...Children 581 ...

Page 582: ...s For abdominal CT Angio studies for example vascular abnormalities aneurysms etc For SOMATOM Emotion 16 slice configuration A typical range of 20 0 cm covered in 9 53 sec For SOMATOM Emotion 6 slice configuration A typical range of 15 0 cm covered in 11 20 sec ...

Page 583: ...m Feed Rotation 14 4 mm Pitch Factor 1 50 Increment 3 0 mm 0 7 mm Kernel B41s B31s CTDIVol 2 56 mGy Effective dose Male 1 34 mSv Female 1 66 mSv Emotion 6 BodyAngio 2nd reconstr kV 80 Effective mAs Quality ref mAs 80 Rotation time 0 8 0 6 sec Acquisition 6 x 1 0 mm Slice collimation 1 0 mm Slice width 3 0 mm 1 25 mm Feed Rotation 9 0 mm Pitch Factor 1 50 Increment 3 0 mm 0 8 mm Kernel B41s B31s CT...

Page 584: ...ing Set the ROI for monitoring scan in the abdominal aorta with triggering threshold of 120 HU or use manual triggering To work without CARE Dose 4D use for children 25 kg 40 mAs 25 34 kg 75 mAs 35 54 kg 130 mAs Contrast medium IV injection Start delay exam dependent Flow rate dependent upon needle size Access site Total amount 1 2 ml per kg of body weight ...

Page 585: ...Children 585 ...

Page 586: ...tion A range of 15 cm will be covered in 11 20 sec with BodyAngioFast06s Emotion 6 BodyAngioFast kV 80 Effective mAs Quality ref mAs 80 Rotation time 0 8 0 6 sec Acquisition 6 x 2 0 1 0 mm Slice collimation 2 0 1 0 mm Slice width 3 0 mm Feed Rotation 21 0 9 0 mm Pitch Factor 1 75 1 50 Increment 3 0 mm Kernel B41s CTDIVol 2 32 2 64 mGy Effective dose Male 2 68 2 63 mSv Female 4 21 4 12 mSv ...

Page 587: ...de for neonate body studies for example tumors abnormalities malformations abscesses etc For SOMATOM Emotion 16 slice configuration A typical range of 15 cm covered in 4 33 sec For SOMATOM Emotion 6 slice configuration A typical range of 15 cm covered in 6 20 sec ...

Page 588: ...ce width 5 0 mm Feed Rotation 28 8 mm Pitch Factor 1 50 Increment 5 0 mm Kernel B41s CTDIVol 1 02 mGy Effective dose Male 0 96 mSv Female 1 07 mSv Emotion 6 NeonateBody kV 80 Effective mAs Quality ref mAs 35 Rotation time 0 8 0 6 sec Acquisition 6 x 2 0 mm Slice collimation 2 0 mm Slice width 5 0 mm Feed Rotation 18 0 mm Pitch Factor 1 50 Increment 5 0 mm Kernel B41s CTDIVol 1 02 mGy Effective dos...

Page 589: ...ng Set the ROI for monitoring scan in the abdominal aorta with triggering threshold of 120 HU or use manual triggering Contrast medium IV injection Start delay exam dependent Flow rate dependent upon needle size Access site Total amount 1 2 ml per kg of body weight ...

Page 590: ...hanghai P R China Telephone 86 21 38895000 Authorized Representative according to the Medical Device Directive 93 42 EEC Siemens AG Medical Solutions Henkestr 127 D 91052 Erlangen Germany Telephone 49 9131 84 0 2002 2007 Siemens AG Order No C2 025 630 16 01 21 Printed in China 06 2007 ...

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