Major HID Categories
Mercury Vapor
The original of the three HID categories
operates by using a small amount of
liquid mercury sealed in a quartz tube
with argon gas. The arc created by
the mercury vapor lamp produces
both visible and invisible (UV) light.
The visible light is blue-white in
color and is best suited for outdoor
lighting applications because of its
poor color rendering capabilities.
Some mercury vapor lamps
incorporate phosphors similar to
those used in fluorescent lamps to
improve color to a certain degree.
Mercury vapor lamps can achieve
life spans of 10,000 to 24,000 hours.
Typical applications:
Street lighting, industrial hi-bay, parking
lots, building flood lighting, general flood
lighting, places where long life is required
and color rendering is not critical.
Spacer
Upper
Support
Arc Tube
Strap
Return Lead
Arc Tube
Lower
Support
Stem
Base
Electrode
Envelope
BT37
End Paint
Connector
Lead
Dome Mount
Support
Alumina
Arc Tube
Base
Steel
Frame
Weather
Resistant
ET18 Envelope
Vacuum
Residue
Gas Getter
Hermetic
End Seal
Electrode
Arc Tube
Base
Stem
Starting
Resistor
Envelope
BT28
Frame
Starting
Electrode
(Probe)
Metal Halide
Metal halide lamps are similar to
mercury vapor models except
for the addition of metal
halides of sodium iodide and
scandium iodide. Certain
metal halide lamps feature
other iodides to improve the
efficiency and color balance
of the lamp. Metal halide
represents the most popular
and widely used HID category.
Typical applications:
General lighting such as
commercial/industrial/outdoor
flood lighting where good color
and high efficiency are desired.
High Pressure Sodium/
Low Pressure Sodium (SOX)
This series of HID lamps incorporates solid sodium, mercury and xenon or a neon/argon
gas mixture within the arc tube. This combination of metals and gasses produces an
orange-white light in the high-pressure version and a yellow light in the low-pressure model.
Both lamps boast a luminous efficiency that is much greater than its mercury vapor or
metal halide counterparts.
Typical applications:
Street lighting, industrial hi-bay, parking lots, building flood lighting and general area lighting.
Open fixture rated bulbs have dedicated lamp
bases that will only fit and work with fixtures
that have corresponding sockets.
The wider
bulb neck will
not fit past
the ceramic
neck of the
socket.
The standard
center
contact
won’t reach
the contact in
the dedicat-
ed socket.
EX26 Socket
EX39 Socket
Medium Base
The narrower
EDX17 neck
allows full
insertion into
the socket
Mogul Base
The extended
center
contact
completes
the circuit in
the socket.
Open
Fixture
Lamp
Enclosed
Fixture
Lamp
Since the arc tube of
the HID lamp is a highly
pressurized environment,
it is mandatory that the
fixture that houses the
lamp have a protective
lens. This lens will contain
glass fragments or other
hot particles should the
arc tube experience a
failure.
Open Fixture
Applications
There is a series of HID lamps
that has a protective glass
shroud around the arc tube
that acts as a barrier to block
any particles from exiting the
lamp’s outer bulb.
Summary of Contents for HID Lamps
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