
i
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1
PRODUCT ........................................................................................................................................... 1
1.1
GAUGE
CONSTRUCTION
OF
FOP ............................................................................................ 1
Models FOP and FOP-C .......................................................................................................... 2
Model FOP-P ........................................................................................................................... 2
Model FOP-F ........................................................................................................................... 2
Model FOP-MicroPZ and FOP-PZ .......................................................................................... 2
1.2
CALIBRATION ........................................................................................................................... 3
1.3
FOP
SPECIFICATIONS ............................................................................................................... 3
Filter types ................................................................................................................................ 4
1.4
FOP-M
ICRO
PZ
SPECIFICATIONS .............................................................................................. 5
1.5
FOP-PZ
SPECIFICATIONS ......................................................................................................... 5
2
DATA READING AND ANALYSIS ................................................................................................. 6
2.1
FOP
P
REPARATION FOR INITIAL READING
..................................................................................... 6
2.2
P
RE
-
INSTALLATION INITIAL READING
............................................................................................ 6
2.3
FOP-M
ICRO
PZ
AND
FOP-PZ
INITIAL READING
............................................................................. 7
2.4
ON-SITE
FUNCTION
CHECK
(OPTIONAL) ............................................................................. 8
2.5
PRESSURE
EQUATIONS
FOR STANDARD
FOP
P
IEZOMETERS USING UNIQUE GAUGE FACTOR
... 8
2.6
POLYNOMIAL
PRESSURE
EQUATIONS
FOR
FOP-M
ICRO
PZ
AND
FOP-PZ
P
IEZOMETERS
.... 9
Equation with temperature compensation .............................................................................. 10
2.7
L
INEAR PRESSURE EQUATION FOR PIEZOMETERS WITH GAUGE FACTOR
0001000 ........................ 12
3
INSTALLATION ............................................................................................................................... 13
3.1
FILTER
SATURATION
FOR
FOP
PIEZOMETERS ................................................................ 13
Low air entry sintered stainless steel filters ........................................................................... 13
High air entry ceramic filters ................................................................................................. 13
3.2
I
NITIAL READING AFTER INSTALLATION
....................................................................................... 14
3.3
INSTALLATION
IN
FILL ......................................................................................................... 15
Compacted clay ...................................................................................................................... 15
Granular materials ................................................................................................................. 15
3.4
INSTALLATION
IN
BOREHOLES .......................................................................................... 16
3.5
CABLE
IDENTIFICATION ....................................................................................................... 18
3.6
CABLE
ROUTING ..................................................................................................................... 18
Transition from vertical borehole to horizontal trench .......................................................... 18
Horizontal cable runs ............................................................................................................. 18
4
RELATION BETWEEN GAUGE FACTOR AND CALIBRATION FACTOR ......................... 19