23
CHAPTER
6
Maintenance
6.5
Problems and solutions
When a burner failure occurs, first of all:
1
check that the wiring has been done correctly;
2
make sure that the fuel is flowing;
3
check that all the adjustment parameters (e.g. temperature boiler water or boiler steam pressure) have been set properly.
OIL OPERATION
Problem
Possible cause
Recommended remedy
The burner does not start
• The burner's pilot is not functioning . . . . . . . . . . . . Check
• Fan motor lockout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Reset the thermal relay
• Electrical control box is defective . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Replace it
• Safety solenoid defective . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Replace it
• Oil modulator defective . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Overhaul it or replace it
The burner turns on and then
stops in lockout mode
• Air pressure switch is badly adjusted . . . . . . . . . . . Adjust it
• Pressure socket tube of the pressure switch clogged Clean it
The burner turns on and then
stops in lockout mode
• Malfunction in the flame detection circuit . . . . . . . . Replace the electric control box
The burner remains in the pre-
purge phase
• Contacts 3 or 5 of the servomotor do not cut in . . . . Regulate cam 3 or 5 of the servomo
-
tor
Once the pre-purging and the
safety time has elapsed the
burner goes into lockout without
the flame appearing
• Solenoid valves do not open . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Check the wiring and check the
solenoids
• Nozzle obstructed, dirty or bent out of shape . . . . . Clean it or replace it
• The burner's pilot is not functioning . . . . . . . . . . . . Check
• Electrical control box is defective . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Replace it
The flame ignites regularly but
the burner goes into lock out at
the end of the safety time
• Photocell defective or dirty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Replace it or clean it
Smoky flame (dark flame)
• Little air . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Adjust the head and the air damper
• Nozzle dirty or worn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Replace it
• Pump pressure wrong . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Adjust it
• Flame disc dirty, loose or bent out of shape . . . . . . Clean it, tighten it up or replace it
Smoky flame (light flame)
• Too much air . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Adjust the head and the air damper
Firing with pulses
• Head badly adjusted . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Adjust it properly
• Air damper badly adjusted . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Adjust it
• Nozzle defective . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Replace it
Burner stops in lockout during
operation
• Photocell defective or dirty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Replace it or clean it
• Air pressure switch defective . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Replace it