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                         7062-196B 

 

 

 

         February 25, 2016

Explorer I

B. Sample of Serial Number / Safety Label 

LOCATION:  Back of appliance

room for .14 x .875” S/N

1.5” x .375 Barcode Label

SPÉCIFICATIONS DE LA VENTILATION:

MUR SIMPLE: De six (6 inches) (152mm) de diamètre le connecteur de conduit de 
minimum d'acier noir ou bleu de minimum de 24MSG, avec une cheminée bâtit en 
usine UL103HT* de Classe "A", adéquate pour usage avec les combustions solides, 
ou une cheminée de briques, avec espaces libres référés.
MUR DOUBLE: De six (6 inches) (152mm) de diamètre, le connecteur du conduit 
d'air isolé pour mur double avec une cheminée bâtit en usine UL103HT* de Classe 
"A, ou une cheminée de briques, avec espaces libres alloués.

MAISON MOBILE:  PAS APPROUVÉ POUR MOBILE HOME INSTALLATIONS AU 
CANADA

MINIMUM CLEARANCES TO COMBUSTIBLES  In Inches & (Millimeters)

NOTE:  All "A" , "C" and "F" Dimensions are to inside diameter of the flue collar.

LISTED ROOM HEATER, SOLID FUEL TYPE.   
ALSO FOR USE IN MOBILE HOMES USA ONLY.  
(UM) 84 HUD .  

"For Use with Solid Wood Fuel 

Only" 

Install and use only in accordance with 
manufacturer's installation and operating 
instructions.  Contact local building or fire officials 
about restrictions and installation inspections in 
your area. Do not obstruct the space beneath 
heater.

WARNING - For Mobile Homes

:  Do not install in 

a sleeping room.  An outside combustion air inlet 
must be provided and unrestricted while unit is in 
use.  The structural integrity of the mobile home 
floor, ceiling and walls must be maintained.  The 
stove needs to be properly grounded to the frame 
of the mobile home.  Components required for 
mobile home installation:  Outside Air Kit, Part 
Number OAK-ACC. 

Refer to manufacturer's 

instructions

 and local codes for precautions 

required for passing chimney through a 
combustible wall or ceiling and maximum offsets.
Inspect and clean chimney frequently - Under 
Certain Conditions of Use, Creosote Buildup May 
Occur Rapidly. Do not connect this unit to a 
chimney serving another appliance. Optional 
Components:  Optional Blower, Part BK-ACC.
Electrical Rating:  115 VAC, 1.2 Amps, 60 Hz. 
Route power cord away from unit.  Do not route 
cord under or in front of appliance.

DANGER: Risk 

of electrical shock.

  Disconnect power supply 

before servicing. Replace glass only with 5mm 
ceramic available from your dealer. Do not use 
grate or elevate fire.  Build wood fire directly on 
hearth. Do not overfire - if heater or chimney 
connector glows, you are overfiring. Operate only 
with the fuel loading door closed.  Open only to 
add fuel to the fire.

CAUTION

:

 

U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION 

AGENCY

Certified to comply with 2015 particulate 

emission standards at 

2.2

 g/hr EPA 

method 28R, ASTM E2515. Not approved 

for sale after May 15, 2020.

PREVENT HOUSE FIRES

   

Manufactured by:

HOT WHILE IN OPERATION DO NOT TOUCH, KEEP CHILDREN AND CLOTHING AWAY. CONTACT MAY CAUSE SKIN BURNS.
KEEP FURNISHINGS AND OTHER COMBUSTIBLE MATERIAL FAR AWAY FROM THE APPLIANCE. SEE NAMEPLATE AND INSTRUCTIONS

INSTALLATION: FULL VERTICAL AND ALCOVE/ Verticale complète et d'une alcôve 
 A 

 

SINGLE WALL PIPE

 

17 (432)  12.5 (318)  24 (607) 

11 (279) 

7.5 (191) 

18 (457)  53.5 (1359) 

*   

NA 

NA 

CONDUIT DU MUR SIMPLE

DOUBLE WALL PIPE

 

13.5 (343)  9 (229) 

23 (584) 

10 (254) 

3 (77) 

13.5 (343)  53.5 (1359) 

*   

NA 

NA 

CONDUIT DU MUR DOUBLE

INSTALLATION:  90o ELBOW OFF TOP OF STOVE THROUGH BACKWALL

INSTALLATION:  90o DU COURBURE AU DESSUS DE HAUT DU POÊLE A TRAVERS LE MUR ARRIERE

SINGLE WALL PIPE

 

 

17 (432)  12.5 (318)  24 (607) 

11 (279) 

NA 

NA 

53.5 (1359)     18 (457) ** 

NA 

NA 

CONDUIT DU MUR SIMPLE

DOUBLE WALL PIPE 

 

 

12.5 (318)  8 (203) 

23 (584) 

10 (254) 

NA 

NA 

53.5 (1359)  18 (457) 

NA 

NA 

CONDUIT DU MUR DOUBLE

INSTALLATION:  HORIZONTAL THRU WALL
INSTALLATION:  HORIZONTALE AU MUR

SINGLE & DOUBLE WALL PIPE

   

NA 

8 (203) 

24 (607) 

11 (279) 

NA 

NA 

53.5 (1359) 

*                 8 (203)   53.5(1359) 

CONDUIT DU MUR SIMPLE

INSTALLATION: ALCOVE

 - Six inch (6 inches) (152mm) diameter listed SINGLE WALL or DOUBLE WALL air insulated connector pipe with UL 103 HT listed factory-built Class "A" chimney, or a masonry 

chimney. (Mobile Home must be equipped with a spark arrestor.) Maximum depth of Alcove shall be no more than 48 inches (1219mm) with a minimum height of 84 inches (2134mm) from floor to bottom 
of ceiling, and the referenced clearances.

INSTALLATION: ALCÔVE 

De six (6 inches) (152mm) de diamètre, le connecteur du conduit d'air isolé pour du mur simple au mur double avec une cheminée bâtit en usine 103HT de 

Classe "A", ou une cheminée de briques. (Les 

maisons mobiles doivent être équipées d'un arrêt d'étincelle). La profondeur maximum de l'alcôve ne doit pas être de plus de 48 inches (1219mm) avec une hauteur minimum de 84 inches (2133mm) la distance entre du plancher et 
plafond inférieur, et des espaces libres alloués. 

** Acceptable per NPFA 211

VENT SPECIFICATIONS:

SINGLE WALL:

 Six inch (6 inches) (152mm) diameter, minimum 24 MSG black or 

blued steel connector pipe, with a listed factory-built UL103HT* Class "A" chimney, 
suitable for use with solid fuels, or a masonry chimney, and the referenced clearances.

DOUBLE WALL:

 Six inch (6 inches) (152mm) diameter, listed double wall air 

insulated connector pipe with listed factory-built UL103HT* Class "A" chimney, or  a 
masonry chimney and the referenced clearances

*In Canada must comply with Standard CAN/ULC-S629-M87 for the 650 degree 

Factory-built chimneys.

MOBILE HOME (USA ONLY):

  Use double wall pipe by Dura-Vent DVL, Selkirk 

Metalbestos DS or Security DL double wall connector pipe. Must be equipped with a 

spark arrestor.  Apply double wall clearances below when installing unit.

SERIAL NO.

 / NUMÉRO DE SÉRIE

EXPLORER I

 WOOD STOVE

  

7062-195

CHAUD LORS DE L'OPÉRATION. NE PAS TOUCHER. GARDEZ LES ENFANTS ET LES VÊTEMENTS LOIN DE L'ESPACE DÉSIGNÉ DE L'INSTALLATION. LE CONTACT PEUT CAUSER
DES BRÛLURES À LA PEAU. GARDEZ LES MEUBLES ET LES MATÉRIAUX COMBUSTIBLES LOIN DE L'ESPACE DÉSIGNÉ DE L'APPAREIL. VOIR L'ÉTIQUETTE ET LES INSTRUCTIONS.

ATTENTION

:

APPAREIL DE CHAUFFAGE DE PIÈCE, DE TYPE DE 
COMBUSTIBLE SOLIDE, PAS APPROUVÉ POUR 
MOBILE HOME INSTALLATIONS AU CANADA"Pour 
Usage Avec Bois Solide Seulement"

Installez et utilisez en accord avec les instructions 
d'installation et d'opération du fabricant. Contactez le bureau 
de la construction ou le bureau des incendies au sujet des 
restrictions et des inspections d'installation dans votre 
voisinage. Ne pas obstruez l'espace en dessous de l'appareil.
PAS APPROUVÉ POUR MOBILE HOME INSTALLATIONS 
AU CANADA! 
Référez vous aux instructions du fabricant et des codes 
locaux pour les précautions requises pour passer une 
cheminée à travers un mur ou un plafond combustibles, et les 
compensations maximums. Inspectez et nettoyez la 
cheminée fréquemment. Sous certaines conditions, il se peut 
que la créosote s'accumule rapidement.
Ne pas connecter cet appareil à une cheminée servant un 
autre appareil. Composants Optionnels: Ventilateur 
Optionnel, Pièce BK-ACC. Puissance Électrique: 115 VAC, 
1.2 Amps, 60 Hz. Éloignez le fil électrique de l'appareil. Ne 
pas faire passer le fil électrique au dessus ou en dessous de 
l'appareil. DANGER: Il y a risque de décharge électrique.  
Déconnectez le fil électrique de la prise de contact avant le 
service. Remplacez la vitre seulement avec une vitre 
céramique de 5 mm disponible chez votre fournisseur. 
N'élevez pas le feu. Bâtissez le feu de bois directement sur 
l'âtre. Ne pas surchauffer. Si l'appareil de chauffage ou le 

tuyau de cheminée rougissent, vous surchauffez. Opérez 

l'appareil seulement lorsque la porte de chargement est 

fermée. Ouvrez la porte seulement lorsque vous devez 

ajouter des combustibles dans le feu.

PRÉVENTION DES FEUX DE MAISON

ESPACES LIBRES MINIMUM DES MATÉRIAUX COMBUSTIBLES En Pouces & 

(millimètres)

NOTE:  Toutes les dimensions "A", "C", et "F" sont à partir du diamètre 

intérieur de l'entrée du conduit.

BACKWALL/SIDEWALL

MUR ARRIÈRE/MUR DE CÔTÉ 

CORNER INSTALLATION
INSTALLATION DU COIN 

DO NOT REMOVE THIS LABEL 

/ NE PAS ENLEVER 

L'ÉTIQUETTE

*Au Canada doit conformer a CAN/ULC-S629-M87 la norme pour 650 degré C cheminée 
bâtit en usine.

007072

TESTED TO:/ TESTÉ À:

   Conforms to UL Stds 1482-11 & 737-11

Certified to ULC Std S627-00

90  OFF TOP UP & 
OUT CEILING 
CLEARANCE
ESPACE LIBRE DU 
DESSUS DE 
L'APPAREIL 
AU PLAFOND AVEC 
90  
DE COURBURE 

Made in U.S.A. 

of US and 

imported parts.

Fabriqué aux 

États-Unis-d’Amérique par des 

pièces d’origine américaine et 

pièces importées. 

1445 N. Highway, Colville, WA 99114

www.quadrafire.com

FLOOR PROTECTION:

It is necessary to install a Type II floor protector no 
less than 3/8 inch (9.5mm) thick with a minimum R 
value of 1.06, a minimum of 16 inches (406mm) in 
front of glass, and 8 inches (203mm) to both sides of 
the fuel loading door. Open the door and measure 8 
inches (203mm) from the side edge ofthe opening in 
the face of the appliance.

16 in. from glass

8 in.

Fuel loading door

33 

in. min.

38-1/2 

in. min.

8 in.

203mm (8 in.)

203mm

(8 in.)

203mm

(8 in.)

457mm (18 in.)

1232

mm 

(

48-1/2

 in.)

min.

1093mm

(43 

in.) min.

D

C

A

B

E

F

H

G

J

I

MANTEL
12” MAX

HORIZONTAL THRU 
WALL
HORIZONTALE AU 
MUR

PROTECTION DU PLANCHER:

Il est nécessaire d'installer un plancher de protection de 
Type II pas moins de 3/8 de pouce (9,5mm) d'épaisseur 
avec une valeur minimale de R de 1,06 ,un minimum de 16 
pouces (406mm) à l'avant du verre , et 8 pouces (203mm) 
pour les deux côtés de la porte de chargement de 
combustible. Ouvrez la porte et mesurer 8 pouces (203mm) 
du bord latéral de l' ouverture dans la face de l'appareil .

2015 2016 2017

JAN

FEB

MAR APR MAY

JUN

JUL

AUG

SEP

OCT

NOV

DEC

This wood heater needs periodic 

inspection and repair for proper 

operation. Consult the owner’s 

manual for further information. It is 

against federal regulations to operate 

this wood heater in a manner 

inconsistent with the operating 

instructions in the owner’s manual.

O-T L

Tested and 

Listed by

Portland

Oregon USA

OMNI-Test Laboratories, Inc.

C

US

REPORT: 0061WS091S

Owner’s Manual

Installation Manual

S

A

M

P

L

E

Test Lab & 
Report No.

Model 

Name

Mfg. Date

Serial No.

A. Congratulations

Hearth & Home Technologies welcomes you to our tradition 
of excellence!  In choosing a Quadra-Fire appliance, you 
have our assurance of commitment to quality, durability, and 
performance.

This commitment begins with our research of the market, 
including ‘Voice of the Customer’ contacts, ensuring we 
make products that will satisfy your needs. Our Research 
and Development facility then employs the world’s most 

advanced technology to achieve the optimum operation 
of our appliances, inserts and fi replaces.  And yet we are 
old-fashioned when it comes to craftsmanship.  Each appli-
ance is meticulously fabricated and gold and nickel surfaces 
are hand-fi nished for lasting beauty and enjoyment.  Our 
pledge to quality is completed as each model undergoes a 
quality control inspection.      

We wish you and your family many years of enjoyment in the 
warmth and comfort of your hearth appliance. Thank you for 
choosing Quadra-Fire.

NOTE:  Clearances may only be reduced by means 

approved by the regulatory authority having jurisdiction

and Welcome to the Quadra-Fire Family

!

Summary of Contents for EXPLR-I-MBK

Page 1: ...peries and other flammable materials away WARNING If the information in these instruc tions is not followed exactly a fire may result causing property damage personal injury or death Do not store or use gasoline or other flam mable vapors and liquids in the vicinity of this or any other appliance Do not over fire If heater or chimney con nector glows you are over firing Over firing will void your ...

Page 2: ...pe Must be equipped with a spark arrestor Apply double wall clearances below when installing unit SERIAL NO NUMÉRO DE SÉRIE EXPLORER I WOOD STOVE 7062 195 CHAUD LORS DE L OPÉRATION NE PAS TOUCHER GARDEZ LES ENFANTS ET LES VÊTEMENTS LOIN DE L ESPACE DÉSIGNÉ DE L INSTALLATION LE CONTACT PEUT CAUSER DES BRÛLURES À LAPEAU GARDEZ LES MEUBLES ET LES MATÉRIAUX COMBUSTIBLES LOIN DE L ESPACE DÉSIGNÉ DE L A...

Page 3: ...ecifications 7 2Operating Instructions 8 A Over Firing Your Appliance 8 B Wood Selection Storage 8 C Burning Process 8 D Automatic Combustion Control ACC 9 E Air Controls 9 F Burn Rates and Operating Efficiency 10 G Building A Fire 10 H Correct Baffle Blanket Placement 11 I Blower Operating Instructions 12 J Opacity Smoke 12 K Negative Pressure 13 L Frequently Asked Questions 13 3 Maintenance and ...

Page 4: ... home construction warranty coverage begins on the date of first occupancy of the dwelling or six months after the sale of the product by an independent authorized HHT dealer distributor whichever occurs earlier The warranty shall commence no later than 24 months following the date of product shipment from HHT regardless of the installation or occupancy date The warranty period for parts and labor...

Page 5: ...s warranty does not cover the following Changes in surface finishes as a result of normal use As a heating appliance some changes in color of interior and exterior surface finishes may occur This is not a flaw and is not covered under warranty Damage to printed plated or enameled surfaces caused by fingerprints accidents misuse scratches melted items or other external sources and residues left on ...

Page 6: ...D KINDLING LIGHT THE PAPER 5 WARNING Risk of Fire Close and securely latch the door after the fire has started and after refueling to prevent Spillage of smoke flame and carbon monoxide Spillage of sparks coals and logs Over firing DO NOT leave the appliance unattended with the door open Starting a fire may not require an open door for draft The air control should supply adequate draft 10 Pieces o...

Page 7: ...allation and or use of any component part not approved by Hearth Home Technologies Operating appliance without fully assembling all components Operating appliance without legs attached if supplied with appliance Do NOT Over fire If appliance or chimney connector glows you are over firing Any such action that may cause a fire hazard 1 Listing and Code Approvals A Appliance Certification NOTE Hearth...

Page 8: ...covered with a tarp plastic tar paper sheets of scrap plywood etc as uncovered wood can absorb water from rain or snow delaying the seasoning process C Burning Process In recent years there has been an increasing concern about air quality Much of the blame for poor air quality has been placed on the burning of wood for home heating In order to improve the situation we at Quadra Fire have developed...

Page 9: ...nce you set the ACC system it will control the fire for you Follow the instructions below to learn how to operate your appliance with ease E Air Controls 1 Burn Rate Air Control This air supply enters at the lower front of the firebox near the bottom of the glass door This preheated air supplies the necessary fresh oxygen to mix with the unburned gases helping to create second third and fourth com...

Page 10: ...ough opening Large logs burn slowly holding a fire longer Small logs burn fast and hot giving quick heat 9 As long as there are hot coals repeating steps 6 through 8 will maintain a continuous fire throughout the season This wood heater has a manufacturer set minimum low burn rate that must not be altered It is against federal regulations to alter this setting or otherwise operate this wood heater...

Page 11: ...e with the baffle in the correct po sition only Not doing so could result in Reduced efficiency Overheating the chimney Overheating the rear of the firebox Poor performance Ensure correct baffle placement and replace baffle compo nents if damaged or missing Ceramic Blanket and Baffle Board MUST be in contact with the back of the firebox and even with each other in the front Ceramic Blanket Back of...

Page 12: ... totally obscured by the smoke column from a chimney and 0 opacity means that no smoke column can be seen As you become familiar with your appliance you should periodically check the opacity This will allow you to know how to burn as nearly smoke free as possible goal of 0 opacity WARNING Fire Risk DO NOT BURN GARBAGE OR FLAMMABLE FLUIDS SUCH AS GASOLINE NAPHTHA OR ENGINE OIL DO NOT burn treated w...

Page 13: ... appliance Avoid installing the appliance near doors walkways or small isolated spaces Recessed lighting should be a sealed can design Attic hatches weather stripped or sealed Attic mounted duct work and air handler joints and seams taped or sealed WARNING Asphyxiation Risk Negative pressure can cause spillage of combustion fumes soot and carbon monoxide Appliance needs to draft properly for safet...

Page 14: ...ill between the stove and door and then shut the door If you can pull the dollar out remove one washer from door handle behind latch cam and try again If you can still pull it out replace the door gasket Check the glass frame for loose screws to prevent air leakage Check glass for cracks YEARLY Check the door latch for proper adjustment This is very important especially after the door rope has for...

Page 15: ...e or soot has accumulated it should be removed to reduce the risk of a chimney fire a The appliance and ashes must be completely cooled down before using the Ash Removal System Reach down and locate the ash removal door handle under the left side of the appliance in the center Grasp the handle with your fingers and place your thumb on the latch release Figure 15 1 Press the latch release inward Ke...

Page 16: ...ing over the glass and the smoky relatively cool condition of a low fire will cause the glass to become coated Operating the appliance with the Burn Rate Air Control and Start UpAir Control all the way open for 30 45 minutes should remove the built up coating CAUTION Do not use polishes with abrasives It will scratch surfaces Fire Risk Disposal of Ashes WARNING Ashes should be placed in metal cont...

Page 17: ...eight refer to Chimney Height Section Refer to Negative Pressure section Wood condition is too wet too large Use dry seasoned wood refer to Seasoned Wood Section Bed of coals not established before adding wood Start with paper kindling to establish bed of coals refer to Building a Fire Section Flue blockage such as birds nests or leaves in termination cap Have chimney inspected for creosote and cl...

Page 18: ...ernately a few turns at a time until the glass is secure DO NOT OVERTIGHTEN 9 Replace the door on the appliance Quadra Fire appliances are equipped with ceramic super heat resistant glass which can only be broken by impact or misuse Do not slam appliance door or impact the glass When closing door make sure that logs do not protrude against the glass Inspect glass regularly If you find a crack or b...

Page 19: ...he handle needs to rotate smoothly 6 Install fiber handle Figure 19 2 CAUTION Do not overtighten lock nut The door handle needs to move smoothly Locknut Latch Cam Spacing Washers Door Cross Section Square Key Door Handle Shaft Fiber Handle E Baffle Removal 1 Remove all ash from the firebox and dispose appropriately 2 Lift baffle protection channel board and blanket approximately 1 inch up so it is...

Page 20: ...l assembly a clear ance of 19 inches 483mm is required on the right side of appliance in order to remove the tubes with the appliance in place If space is not available the appliance will have to be disconnected from the chimney to proceed with the tube replacement Replacing Tube Channel Assembly 1 Install baffle board blanket and tube assembly a Insert baffle blanket b Insert tube assembly 2 3 of...

Page 21: ...February 25 2016 7062 196B 21 Explorer I Date of Service Performed By Description of Service A Service Maintenance Log 6 Reference Materials ...

Page 22: ...ve R Wood Stove Part number list on following page 02 16 Color SKU No Mfg Dates Matte Black EXPLR I MBK 11 15 Porcelain Black EXPLR I PBK 11 15 Porcelain Dark Blue EXPLR I PDB 11 15 Porcelain Frost EXPLR I PFT 11 15 Porcelain Mahogany EXPLR I PMH 11 15 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 11 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 ...

Page 23: ...062 101MBK Porcelain Black 7062 101PBK Porcelain Blue 7062 101PDB Porcelain Frost 7062 101PFT Porcelain Mahogany 7062 101PMH 5 Brick Assembly SRV7062 004 5 1 Brick 1 9 X 4 5 X 1 25 Qty 10 req 5 2 Brick 2 9 x 2 5 x 1 25 Qty 2 req 5 3 Brick 3 4 5 x 4 5 x 1 25 Qty 2 req 5 4 Brick 4 9 X 3 75 X 1 25 Qty 2 req Brick Uncut Must specilfy size when ordering Pkg of 1 832 0550 Pkg of 6 832 3040 6 Side Left M...

Page 24: ...in Mahogany 7062 103PMH Gasket 1 2 7000 811 13 Door Assembly Matte Black 7062 003MBK Porcelain Black 7062 003PBK Porcelain Blue 7062 003PDB Porcelain Frost 7062 003PFT Porcelain Mahogany 7062 003PMH 13 1 Glass Retainers SRV7063 166 13 2 Glass Assembly SRV7062 013 Y 13 3 Door Matte Black 7062 109MBK Porcelain Black 7062 109PBK Porcelain Blue 7062 109PDB Porcelain Frost 7062 109PFT Porcelain Mahogan...

Page 25: ...imer Only Replacement Assembly SRV480 1940 Y 18 Burn Rate Indicator SRV7062 174 19 ARS Box SRV7060 005 20 Burn Rate Control SRV7062 023 Handle Fiber SRV7060 202 21 ARS Assembly SRV7062 035 22 Gasket ARS SRV7033 296 Y 23 Outside Air Chamber SRV7062 173 24 Side Right Matte Black 7062 018MBK Porcelain Black 7062 018PBK Porcelain Blue 7062 018PDB Porcelain Frost 7062 018PFT Porcelain Mahogany 7062 018...

Page 26: ...g service parts from your dealer or distributor Stocked at Depot ITEM DESCRIPTION COMMENTS PART NUMBER Component Pack Includes BafÀe Diverter and Instructions 2 Leg Leveling Nuts 2 Bolts Touch Up Paint Owners Manual Warranty Card Matte Black SRV7062 027 Porcelain Black SRV7062 028 Porcelain Blue SRV7062 029 Porcelain Frost SRV7062 030 Porcelain Mahogany SRV7062 031 Leveling Assembly 7000 000 Paint...

Page 27: ...February 25 2016 7062 196B 27 Explorer I Date Note C Home Owner Notes ...

Page 28: ...peration DO NOT DISCARD Please contact your Quadra Fire dealer with any questions or concerns For the number of your nearest Quadra Fire dealer log onto www quadrafire com CONTACT INFORMATION This product may be covered by one or more of the following patents United States 5341794 5263471 6688302 7216645 7047962 or other U S and foreign patents pending We recommend that you record the following pe...

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