1.1-4
1.1
Risk assessment
Under the terms of the machinery directive,
a machine manufacturer must assess the ha-
zards in order to identify all the hazards that
apply to his machine. He must then design
and construct the machine to take account
of his assessment. This requirement also ap-
plies to operators who act as manufacturers
under the terms of the machinery directive.
For example, this may occur with machines
that are interlinked or for machinery that has
been upgraded and substantially modifi ed.
EN ISO 14121-1 contains “Principles for
risk assessment” on machinery. These ap-
proaches can be called upon as part of a
comprehensive analysis. EN ISO 13849-1 ex-
pands on EN ISO 14121-1 with regard to the
assessment of safety-related parts of control
systems.
The hazards emanating from a machine may
be many and varied, so for example, it is
necessary to consider not just mechanical
hazards through crushing and shearing, but
also thermal and electrical hazards and ha-
zards from radiation. Risk reduction is there-
fore an iterative process, i.e. it is carried out
before and during the planning phase and
after completion of the plant or machine.
Standards and Directives
Risk assessment
Iterative process in accordance with EN ISO 14121-1
Determination of the
limits of the machine
Hazard identification
Risk estimation
Start
Risk analysis
No
Risk evaluation
Is the
machinery
safe?
Risk reduction
Yes
End
Risk assessment
Lifecycles, limits application area,
training level, other groups of people,
etc.
Annex A of EN 1050
point 4, EN 292-1
etc.
Extent, probability, group of people,
human factors, reliability of the safety
function, possibility of defeat, etc.
Hazard removed?
Protective measures appropriate?
User information sufficient?
Pilz GmbH & Co. KG, Felix-Wankel-Straße 2, 73760 Ostfi ldern, Germany, Telephone: +49 711 3409-0, Telefax: +49 711 3409-133, E-Mail: [email protected]
2008-09
