for the ECM and the file contains the performance
maps for a specific engine. The file may be
reprogrammed through flash programming.
Flash Programming
– Flash programming is the
method of programming or updating an ECM with an
electronic service tool over the data link instead of
replacing components.
FRC
– See
“
Fuel Ratio Control
”
.
Fuel Pump
– See
“
High Pressure Fuel Pump
”
.
Fuel Rail
– This item is sometimes referred to as the
High Pressure Fuel Rail. The fuel rail supplies fuel to
the electronic unit injectors. The high-pressure fuel
pump and the fuel rail pressure sensor work with the
ECM to maintain the desired fuel pressure in the fuel
rail. This pressure is determined by calibration of the
engine in order to enable the engine to meet
emissions and performance requirements.
Fuel Rail Pressure Sensor
– The fuel rail pressure
sensor sends a signal to the ECM that is dependent
on the pressure of the fuel in the fuel rail.
Fuel Ratio Control (FRC)
– The FRC is a limit that is
based on the control of the ratio of the fuel to air. The
FRC is used for purposes of emission control. When
the ECM senses a higher intake manifold air
pressure, the FRC increases the FRC Limit.
Full Load Setting (FLS)
– The FLS is the parameter
that represents the fuel system adjustment. This
adjustment is made at the factory in order to fine-tune
the fuel system. This parameter must be
programmed.
Full Torque Setting (FTS)
– The FTS is the
parameter that represents the adjustment for the
engine torque. This adjustment is made at the factory
in order to fine-tune the fuel system. This adjustment
is made with the FLS. This parameter must be
programmed.
Glow Plug
– The glow plug is an optional starting aid
for cold conditions. One glow plug is installed in each
combustion chamber in order to improve the ability of
the engine to start. The ECM uses information from
the engine sensors to determine when the glow plug
relay must provide power to each glow plug. Each of
the glow plugs then provides a hot surface in the
combustion chamber in order to vaporize the mixture
of air and fuel. The vaporization improves ignition
during the compression stroke of the cylinder.
Glow Plug Relay
– The glow plug relay is controlled
by the ECM in order to provide high current to the
glow plugs.
Harness
– The harness is the bundle of wiring (loom)
that connects all components of the electronic
system.
Hertz (Hz)
– Hertz is the measure of electrical
frequency in cycles per second.
High Pressure Fuel Pump
– This device supplies
fuel under pressure to the fuel rail (high-pressure fuel
rail).
High Pressure Fuel Rail
– See
“
Fuel Rail
”
.
Injector Trim Codes
– Injector trim codes are codes
that contain 30 characters. The codes are supplied
with new injectors. The code is input through the
electronic service tool into the ECM. The injector trim
codes compensate for variances in manufacturing of
the electronic unit injector and for the life of the
electronic unit injector.
Intake Manifold Air Temperature Sensor
– The
intake manifold air temperature sensor detects the air
temperature in the intake manifold. The ECM
monitors the air temperature and other data in the
intake manifold in order to adjust injection timing and
other performance functions.
Intake Manifold Pressure Sensor
– The Intake
Manifold Pressure Sensor measures the pressure in
the intake manifold. The pressure in the intake
manifold may be different to the pressure outside the
engine (atmospheric pressure). The difference in
pressure may be caused by an increase in air
pressure by a turbocharger.
Integrated Electronic Controls
– The engine is
designed with the electronic controls as a necessary
part of the system. The engine will not operate
without the electronic controls.
J1939 CAN Data Links
– These data links are SAE
standard diagnostic communications data links that
are used to communicate between the ECM and
other electronic devices.
Logged Diagnostic Codes
– Logged diagnostic
codes are codes which are stored in the memory.
These codes are an indicator of possible causes for
intermittent problems. Refer to the term
“
Diagnostic
Trouble Codes
”
for more information.
OEM
– OEM is an abbreviation for the Original
Equipment Manufacturer. The OEM is the
manufacturer of the machine or the vehicle that uses
the engine.
Open Circuit
– An open circuit is a condition that is
caused by an open switch, or by an electrical wire or
a connection that is broken. When this condition
exists, the signal or the supply voltage can no longer
reach the intended destination.
Parameter
– A parameter is a value or a limit that is
programmable. A parameter helps determine specific
characteristics or behaviors of the engine.
Password
– A password is a group of numeric
characters or a group of alphanumeric characters that
is designed to restrict access to parameters. The
electronic system requires correct passwords in order
to change some parameters (Factory Passwords).
Refer to Troubleshooting, “Factory Passwords” for
more information.
Personality Module
– See
“
Flash File
”
.
Power Cycling
– Power cycling refers to the action of
cycling the keyswitch from any position to the OFF
position, and to the START/RUN position.
Pressure Limiting Valve (PLV)
– The PLV is a
valve in the fuel rail that prevents excessive pressure.
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