NXP Semiconductors PN5180, Design Manual

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NXP Semiconductors
AN11740
PN5180 Antenna design
Please be aware that important notices concerning this document and the product(s)
described herein, have been included in the section 'Legal information'.
© NXP B.V. 2018. All rights reserved.
For more information, visit: http://www.nxp.com
Date of release: 19 June 2018 345311
Document identifier: AN11740
10. Contents
1. Introduction ......................................................... 3
1.1 Dynamic Power Control ..................................... 3
2. NFC Reader Antenna design .............................. 3
2.1 ISO/IEC 14443 specifics .................................... 4
2.1.1 Field strength tests ............................................. 8
2.1.2 Wave shape tests ............................................... 8
2.1.3 Load modulation tests ........................................ 8
2.2 EMVCo specifics ................................................ 9
2.2.1 EMVCo Operating volume.................................. 9
2.2.2 EMVCo field strength ....................................... 10
2.2.3 EMVCo Wave shapes ...................................... 11
2.2.4 EMVCo Load modulation ................................. 11
2.3 The NFC specifics ............................................ 12
2.3.1 NFC Operating volume .................................... 12
3. Generic PCD antenna design rules .................. 13
3.1 Optimum Antenna Coil ..................................... 13
3.1.1 Number of turns ............................................... 14
3.1.2 Optimum Antenna Coil size .............................. 16
3.2 Layout recommendations ................................. 19
4. PN5180 hardware design .................................. 21
4.1 PN5180 requirements ...................................... 23
4.2 Antenna for reader mode ................................. 24
4.2.1 Antenna matching ............................................ 24
4.2.1.1 Measure the antenna coil ................................. 25
4.2.1.2 Define target impedance and Q-factor ............. 27
4.2.1.3 Define the EMC filter ........................................ 28
4.2.1.4 Calculate the matching components ................ 30
4.2.1.5 Simulate the matching ...................................... 31
4.2.1.6 Assembly and measurement ............................ 34
4.2.1.7 Impedance adaptation in simulation ................. 35
4.2.1.8 Impedance correction and assembly ................ 37
4.2.2 Loading effect ................................................... 38
4.2.2.1 “Passive” loading with ReferencePICCs .......... 38
4.2.2.2 “Passive” loading with metal............................. 39
4.2.2.3 “Active” loading ................................................ 40
4.3 Antenna for all NFC modes .............................. 40
4.3.1 Antenna tuning for RM and CM ........................ 41
4.4 Optimizing the transmitting ............................... 44
4.4.1 Modulation pulse width ..................................... 44
4.4.2 Type B Modulation index .................................. 44
4.4.3 Tx envelope shape ........................................... 45
4.4.4 TX_CLK_MODE ............................................... 45
4.5 Optimizing the receiving ................................... 46
4.5.1 External Rx components .................................. 47
4.6 Test and debugging .......................................... 48
4.6.1 Digital test signals ............................................ 48
4.6.2 Analog test signals ........................................... 48
4.6.2.1 Example Type B ............................................... 49
4.6.3 Noise check ...................................................... 52
5. Annex.................................................................. 54
5.1 Vector Network Analyzer .................................. 54
5.2 Impedance measurement ................................. 56
5.3 Calibration ........................................................ 56
6. References ......................................................... 58
7. Legal information .............................................. 59
7.1 Definitions ......................................................... 59
7.2 Disclaimers ....................................................... 59
7.3 Licenses ........................................................... 59
7.4 Trademarks ...................................................... 59
8. List of figures ..................................................... 60
9. List of tables ...................................................... 61
10. Contents ............................................................. 62