Nokia NSERIES N810 Service Manual Download Page 64

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7. To confirm that you really want to remove the older flash update, click Remove.

8. To end the uninstallation of flash update, click Finish.

9. If you want to downgrade the existing flash update version to older one, uninstall newer flash update

files manually from Control Panel -> Add/Remove Programs -> Nokia Flash Update and then rerun

the installation application again.

RX-44

Service Software Instructions

Page 3 –24

COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL

Issue 1

Summary of Contents for NSERIES N810

Page 2: ...Amendment Record Sheet Amendment No Date Inserted By Comments Issue 1 10 2007 TSa RX 44 Amendment Record Sheet Page ii COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL Issue 1 Copyright 2007 Nokia All rights reserved ...

Page 3: ... Under no circumstances shall Nokia be responsible for any loss of data or income or any special incidental consequential or indirect damages howsoever caused The contents of this document are provided as is Except as required by applicable law no warranties of any kind either express or implied including but not limited to the implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular pur...

Page 4: ...EST CONNECTIONS MAKE SURE YOU HAVE SWITCHED OFF ALL EQUIPMENT Cautions Servicing and alignment must be undertaken by qualified personnel only Ensure all work is carried out at an anti static workstation and that an anti static wrist strap is worn Ensure solder wire or foreign matter does not enter the telephone as damage may result Use only approved components as specified in the parts list Ensure...

Page 5: ...can be damaged by static electricity discharge All ESD sensitive parts must be packed in metallized protective bags during shipping and handling outside any ESD Protected Area EPA Every repair action involving opening the product or handling the product components must be done under ESD protection ESD protected spare part packages MUST NOT be opened closed out of an ESD Protected Area For more inf...

Page 6: ...e batteries and warp or melt certain plastics Do not store the phone in cold areas When it warms up to its normal temperature moisture can form inside which may damage electronic circuit boards Do not drop knock or shake the phone Rough handling can break internal circuit boards Do not use harsh chemicals cleaning solvents or strong detergents to clean the phone Do not paint the phone Paint can cl...

Page 7: ...der NOKIA MOBILE PHONES Business Group should be notified in writing e mail Please state Title of the Document Issue Number Date of publication Latest Amendment Number if applicable Page s and or Figure s in error Please send to NOKIA CORPORATION Nokia Mobile Phones Business Group Nokia Customer Care PO Box 86 FIN 24101 SALO Finland E mail Service Manuals nokia com RX 44 Company Policy Issue 1 COM...

Page 8: ...cessory available for the product Do not attempt to discharge the battery by any other means Use the battery only for its intended purpose Never use any charger or battery which is damaged Do not short circuit the battery Accidental short circuiting can occur when a metallic object coin clip or pen causes direct connection of the and terminals of the battery metal strips on the battery for example...

Page 9: ...Concepts 3 Service Software Instructions 4 BB Troubleshooting and Manual Tuning Guide 5 RF Troubleshooting and Tuning 6 Camera troubleshooting 7 System Module Glossary RX 44 Nokia N810 Service Manual Structure Issue 1 COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL Page ix Copyright 2007 Nokia All rights reserved ...

Page 13: ... 1 8 Battery endurance 1 8 Environmental conditions 1 8 List of Tables Table 1 Batteries 1 7 Table 2 Chargers 1 7 Table 3 Car accessories 1 8 Table 4 Environmental conditions 1 8 Table 5 Absolute maximum ratings 1 8 Table 6 DC characteristics 1 9 List of Figures Figure 1 View of RX 44 1 5 RX 44 General Information Issue 1 COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL Page 1 3 Copyright 2007 Nokia All rights reserved ...

Page 15: ...There are two ways of creating the Internet connection via WLAN or via Bluetooth using a mobile phone as a modem Figure 1 View of RX 44 RX 44 transceiver features Display and keypad features Color display 16 bit 800x480 65 536 colours transflective with backlight Display brightness is adjusted automatically by ALS sensor Graphical user interface with selectable themes Keys Qwerty keyboard 5 way sc...

Page 16: ...256MB 2GB internal memory card Key Applications Mozilla based browser with Flash 9 Internet calling with webcam Instant Messaging Email Media player RSS feed reader Sales package inbox RX 44 Internet Tablet Battery BP 4L Travel Charger AC 4 Extra stylus input pen Data cable CA 101 User quide Stereo headset HS 48 Car holder Pouch cleaning cloth Get started quide Safety warranty and other product in...

Page 17: ...r assembly Decoration cover assembly Front Frame assembly Qwerty cover assembly Slider assembly Top key flex assembly 2FD Main flex assembly 2FC Display module Camera module Mobile enhancements Table 1 Batteries Battery Type Battery 1500mAh Li Po BP 4L Table 2 Chargers Chargers Type Fast travel charger Euro plug 100 240 Vac AC 4E Fast travel charger US plug 100 240 Vac AC 4U Travel charger multi v...

Page 18: ...Environmental conditions Environmental condition Ambient temperature Notes Normal operation 10oC 55oC Specifications fulfilled Reduced performance 20oC 10oC 55oC 70oC Operational for shorts periods only No operation or storage 40oC 85oC No storage or operation an attempt may damage the phone Charging allowed 25oC 50oC Long term storage conditions 0oC 85oC Table 5 Absolute maximum ratings Signal Mi...

Page 19: ...thin this range 10 C 55 C 2 Functional temperature range Reduced performance 25 C 10 C and 55 C 70 C 3 Storage temperature range 40 C 85 C Humidity Relative humidity range is 5 95 The BB module is not protected against water Condensed or splashed water might cause malfunction Any submerge of the phone will cause permanent damage Long term high humidity with condensation will cause permanent damage...

Page 23: ... 2 14 Flash concept with FPS 10 with PK 1 2 15 CU 4 flash concept with FPS 10 and PK 1 2 16 Module jig service concept 2 17 Service concept for RF testing and RF BB tuning 2 18 Bluetooth test concept with SB 6 2 19 WLAN functionality testing concept with SB 7 2 20 List of Figures Figure 2 Module jig service concept 2 17 Figure 3 Service concept for RF testing and RF BB tuning 2 18 Figure 4 Bluetoo...

Page 25: ...44 refer to various concepts FS 66 Flash adapter FS 66 has the following features Provides galvanic connection to terminal test pads Provides standardized interface towards Control Unit Provides RF connection using galvanic connector or coupler RX 44 Service Tools and Service Concepts Issue 1 COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL Page 2 5 Copyright 2007 Nokia All rights reserved ...

Page 26: ...C interface Audio components IHF MIC Connector for control unit Access for USB connector MJ 148 usage when whole upper block of RX 44 is connected Engine module and top keymat assembly to engine module can be connected separately MJ 148 usage when display of RX 44 is connected Engine module camera module to module jig and top keymat assembly to engine module can be connected separately RX 44 Servi...

Page 27: ...gnment jig SS 137 is used for domesheet alignment General tools The table below gives a short overview of service tools that can be used for testing error analysis and repair of product RX 44 refer to various concepts AC 33 Power supply Universal power supply for FPS 10 included in the FPS 10 sales package RX 44 Service Tools and Service Concepts Issue 1 COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL Page 2 7 Copyright 200...

Page 28: ...nector Hub FBUS and USB connections supported When using CU 4 note the special order of connecting cables and other service equipment Instructions 1 Connect a service tool jig flash adapter to CU 4 2 Connect CU 4 to your PC with a USB cable 3 Connect supply voltage 12 V 4 Connect an FBUS cable if necessary 5 Start Phoenix service software Note Phoenix enables CU 4 regulators via USB when it is sta...

Page 29: ...nterface It has the same functionality as the PKD 1 series dongle PK 1 is meant for use with a PC that does not have a series interface To use this USB dongle for security service functions please register the dongle in the same way as the PKD 1 series dongle SB 6 Bluetooth test and interface box sales package The SB 6 test box is a generic service device used to perform Bluetooth bit error rate B...

Page 30: ...open phone covers SRT 93 Opening tool SRT 93 is an opening tool for mobile terminal covers SS 46 Interface adapter SS 46 acts as an interface adapter between the flash adapter and FPS 10 RX 44 Service Tools and Service Concepts Page 2 10 COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL Issue 1 Copyright 2007 Nokia All rights reserved ...

Page 31: ...Smart card SX 4 is a BB5 security device used to protect critical features in tuning and testing SX 4 is also needed together with FPS 10 when DCT 4 phones are flashed Cables The table below gives a short overview of service tools that can be used for testing error analysis and repair of product RX 44 refer to various concepts CA 101 Micro USB cable The CA 101 is a micro A B USB cable RX 44 Servic...

Page 32: ...ng cable RF tuning cable for use with a module jig CA 58RS RF cable extends adapter features to allow RF function tests and RF tuning Features include easy to use together with module jig or even stand alone most accurate RF connection to phone module under test low attenuation and small ripple over the width of WLAN band Note The RF cable must be used for RF tuning RX 44 Service Tools and Service...

Page 33: ...Note Docking station adapters valid for DCT4 products PCS 1 Power cable The PCS 1 power cable DC is used with a docking station a module jig or a control unit to supply a controlled voltage XCS 4 Modular cable XCS 4 is a shielded one specially shielded conductor modular cable for flashing and service purposes RX 44 Service Tools and Service Concepts Issue 1 COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL Page 2 13 Copyright...

Page 34: ...ion for GSM850 900 0 3 0 1 dB GSM1800 1900 0 5 0 1 dB WLAN 0 6 0 1dB Service concepts POS Point of Sale flash concept Type Description Product specific tools BP 4L Battery Other tools FLS 5 POS flash dongle PC with Phoenix service software RX 44 Service Tools and Service Concepts Page 2 14 COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL Issue 1 Copyright 2007 Nokia All rights reserved ...

Page 35: ...66 Flash adapter Other devices FPS 10 Flash prommer box PK 1 SW security device SS 46 Interface adapter PC with Phoenix service software Cables XCS 4 Modular cable CA 35S Power cable CA 101 Micro A B USB cable RX 44 Service Tools and Service Concepts Issue 1 COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL Page 2 15 Copyright 2007 Nokia All rights reserved ...

Page 36: ... FPS 10 Flash prommer box PK 1 SW security device SS 62 Flash adapter base SX 4 Smart card PC with Phoenix service software Cables PCS 1 Power cable XCS 4 Modular cable Standard USB cable CA 101 Micro A B USB cable RX 44 Service Tools and Service Concepts Page 2 16 COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL Issue 1 Copyright 2007 Nokia All rights reserved ...

Page 37: ... 4 Control unit FPS 10 Flash prommer box PK 1 SW security device SX 4 Smart card PC with VPOS and Phoenix service software Measurement equipment Cables PCS 1 DC power cable XCS 4 Modular cable XRF 1 RF cable USB cable RX 44 Service Tools and Service Concepts Issue 1 COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL Page 2 17 Copyright 2007 Nokia All rights reserved ...

Page 38: ...on Product specific devices MJ 148 Module jig Other devices CU 4 Control unit PK 1 SW security device SX 4 Smart card Measurement equipment Smart card reader PC with Phoenix service software Cables DAU 9S MBUS cable PCS 1 DC power cable RX 44 Service Tools and Service Concepts Page 2 18 COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL Issue 1 Copyright 2007 Nokia All rights reserved ...

Page 39: ...uct specific tools FS 66 Flash adapter Other tools CU 4 Control unit PK 1 SW Security device SS 62 Generic base adapter SB 6 BT test box ACP 8 Charger for SB 6 Cables PCS 1 Power cable DAU 9S Cable PCS 1 DC power cable Standard USB cable RX 44 Service Tools and Service Concepts Issue 1 COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL Page 2 19 Copyright 2007 Nokia All rights reserved ...

Page 40: ...oduct specific tools FS 66 Flash adapter Other tools CU 4 Control unit PCS 1 DC power cable PK 1 SW Security device SS 62 Generic base adapter Cables PCS 1 Power cable DAU 9S Cable Standard USB cable RX 44 Service Tools and Service Concepts Page 2 20 COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL Issue 1 Copyright 2007 Nokia All rights reserved ...

Page 43: ...g connections in Phoenix 3 16 Installing flash support files for FPS 10 3 20 Updating FPS 10 flash prommer software 3 25 Flashing with FPS 10 Flash Prommer 3 27 List of Figures Figure 6 Dongle not found 3 6 Figure 7 Installation interrupted 3 9 Figure 8 Phoenix login 3 15 Figure 9 New user configured 3 16 Figure 10 Phoenix icon 3 16 Figure 11 Prommer SW update finished 3 25 Figure 12 Flash directo...

Page 45: ...all phone models included in the package Flash update package files for programming devices All needed drivers for PK 1 dongle CA 101 USB cable Note Separate installation packages for flash update files and drivers are also available but it is not necessary to use them unless updates appear between Phoenix Service SW releases If separate update packages are used they should be used after Phoenix a...

Page 46: ... not found and installation cannot continue Figure 6 Dongle not found One possible reason may be a defective or too old PK 1 Dongle five digit serial number Dongle when used with FPS 10 prommers Check the parallel port used for PK 1 After correcting the problem restart installation application For more detailed information please refer to Phoenix Help files Each feature in Phoenix has its own Help...

Page 47: ...ay take several minutes to complete If the operating system does not require rebooting the PC components are registered right away If the operating system used requires restarting your computer the Install Shield Wizard will tell you about it Select Yes to reboot the PC immediately and No to reboot the PC manually afterwards After the reboot components are registered and Phoenix is ready for use N...

Page 48: ...Finish Phoenix is now ready for use Next actions After the installation Phoenix service software can be used after RX 44 Service Software Instructions Page 3 8 COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL Issue 1 Copyright 2007 Nokia All rights reserved ...

Page 49: ...When you update the Phoenix from old to new version for example a14_2004_16_4_47 to a15_2004_24_7_55 the update will take place automatically without uninstallation If you try to update the Phoenix with the same version that you already have for example a15_2004_24_7_55 to a15_2004_24_7_55 you are asked if you want to uninstall the version of Phoenix you have on your PC In this case you can choose...

Page 50: ... the Phoenix service software and tools usable with a certain product model The product data package contains the following Product software binary files Files for type label printing Validation file for the fault log repair data reporting system All product specific configuration files for Phoenix software components Data files are stored in C Program Files Nokia Phoenix default If you change the...

Page 51: ...n version of Phoenix can only be used with a certain version of the data package Always use the latest available versions of both Instructions can be found in phone model specific Technical Bulletins and readme txt files of the data packages Steps 1 To start installation run the application file for example Nokia_firmware_RX 44_v1_0_0200735 11 exe 2 Click Next and wait for the installation files t...

Page 52: ...ion and click Next to continue The install shield checks where the Phoenix application is installed and the directory is shown RX 44 Service Software Instructions Page 3 12 COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL Issue 1 Copyright 2007 Nokia All rights reserved ...

Page 53: ...l be installed Please wait 7 To complete the installation click Finish You now have all phone model specific files installed in your Phoenix Service SW RX 44 Service Software Instructions Issue 1 COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL Page 3 13 Copyright 2007 Nokia All rights reserved ...

Page 54: ...dy have you are asked if you want to uninstall the version you have on your PC Older versions of data packages don t need to be uninstalled unless instructions to do so are given in the readme txtfile of the data package and bulletins concerning the release Please read all related documents carefully Steps 1 To start uninstallation run the same application file for example Nokia_firmware_RX 44_v1_...

Page 55: ...ext actions Reinstall the datapackage by running the product specific application file Configuring users in Phoenix Steps 1 Start Phoenix service software and log in Figure 8 Phoenix login If the user ID is already configured select s he from the User name drop down list and click OK 2 To add a new user or to edit existing ones click Maintain RX 44 Service Software Instructions Issue 1 COMPANY CON...

Page 56: ...ing connections in Phoenix Steps 1 Connect the service tools to your PC and attach the product to the service jig 2 Start Phoenix Service SW and log in 3 Choose File Manage Connections Figure 10 Phoenix icon Existing connections can be selected edited deleted and new ones created by using this dialog RX 44 Service Software Instructions Page 3 16 COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL Issue 1 Copyright 2007 Nokia Al...

Page 57: ... the connection Please note that this may take a considerable amount of time because Phoenix will go through all connections on the PC 5 Select Nokia flash programming device if you want to create a connection for prommer Select JBL 9 Generic FBUS if you need a connection for DAU 9S cable RX 44 Service Software Instructions Issue 1 COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL Page 3 17 Copyright 2007 Nokia All rights res...

Page 58: ...PD TCP serial number if the prommer is connected to your PC via TCP IP Check the serial number from the prommer s label 9 Click Finish to complete the configuration of the connection 10 Press Manual Setup button if you want to create a connection manually 11 Enter IP address and serial number of the prommer to the parameters if you want to use NFPD TCP connection RX 44 Service Software Instruction...

Page 59: ... connection 14 Activate the connection you want to use by clicking it use up down arrows to move it on top of the list and click Apply The connection is now selected and can be used after closing the Manage Connections window Selected connection will be shown on the right hand bottom corner of the screen RX 44 Service Software Instructions Issue 1 COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL Page 3 19 Copyright 2007 Noki...

Page 60: ...files are installed automatically when you install Phoenix Use Phoenix packages later than September 2007 Normally it is enough to install Phoenix and the phone specific data package because the Phoenix installation always includes the latest flash update package files for FPS 10 A separate installation package for flash support files is available and the files can be updated according to this ins...

Page 61: ... To begin installation double click flash update execution file e g FlashUpdate_xx_yy_zzz msi RX 44 Service Software Instructions Issue 1 COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL Page 3 21 Copyright 2007 Nokia All rights reserved ...

Page 62: ...copy these files to another directory because that makes updating the prommer sw difficult 3 To continue installation click Install To exit the installation wizard click Cancel 4 You can see the progress of the installation Wait until the installation completes RX 44 Service Software Instructions Page 3 22 COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL Issue 1 Copyright 2007 Nokia All rights reserved ...

Page 63: ...ckage already exists on PC and you try to reinstall it the installation application asks whether you want to modify repair or remove it Select Remove and click Next RX 44 Service Software Instructions Issue 1 COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL Page 3 23 Copyright 2007 Nokia All rights reserved ...

Page 64: ... If you want to downgrade the existing flash update version to older one uninstall newer flash update files manually from Control Panel Add Remove Programs Nokia Flash Update and then rerun the installation application again RX 44 Service Software Instructions Page 3 24 COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL Issue 1 Copyright 2007 Nokia All rights reserved ...

Page 65: ...dure will take a couple of minutes Click OK to close the Update Done window Figure 11 Prommer SW update finished 6 If you are using FPS 10 flash prommer check that it is detected from the progress info Check also the status leds in the FPS 10 The MODE2 led green VBAT and POWER leds red should be lit If you are using LAN connection the LAN led yellow should be blinking 7 Check that your FPS 10 flas...

Page 66: ... 2G FOR FPS 10 8 A memory card has to be formatted before use Press FPS10 Conf button in Prommer Maintenance dialog 9 Check PCCard Compact Flash checkbox in Media Formatting and press OK 10 After successful formatting Phoenix will inform Media preparation finished 100 If the formatting is not successful check that the PC Card is properly installed reboot the FPS 10 and reformat it RX 44 Service So...

Page 67: ...scribed in the FS 66 SS 46 flash concept or in the FS 66 SS 62 CU 4 flash concept Remember to connect the CA 101 cable from the FPS 10 front panel to the product 2 Start Phoenix Service Software Log in and manage connection for the FPS 10 Create and select USB Connection or TCP IP connection depending on the flashing setup 3 Check that FPS 10 is detected Check also the status leds in the FPS 10 Th...

Page 68: ...rted from device Backup and restore function If data should be saved data should be backupped with the backup restore utility in the device To backup restore user data select Settings Backup restore New backup In New backup change the name of the backup and define the desired location of the backup In Select data for backup select data types you want to back up Note that the following information ...

Page 69: ...nu button or menu icon in the upper left corner of the display Select Tools Clear device enter the lock code of the device and tap OK to clear the data Default lock code is 12345 All content of device and internal 2 GB memory will be deleted All applications will be closed and the device will restart Push ok to start 6 PressStarttoflashtheproduct Waituntilyouarenotifiedthatflashinghasbeensuccessfu...

Page 73: ...tings for Phoenix GPS control 4 31 Display module troubleshooting 4 32 General instructions for display troubleshooting 4 32 Display troubleshooting 4 35 Touch panel troubleshooting 4 35 Display LED troubleshooting 4 37 Ambient Light Sensor 4 38 ALS troubleshooting 4 38 Retuning ALS 4 39 RGB LED driver troubleshooting 4 41 Bluetooth troubleshooting 4 42 Introduction to Bluetooth troubleshooting 4 ...

Page 74: ...igure 17 GPS layout and basic test points 4 25 Figure 18 GPS Control dialog box 4 26 Figure 19 GPS Quick Test window for GPS troubleshooting 4 27 Figure 20 GPS antenna test pads 4 28 Figure 21 GPS RF probe points 4 28 Figure 22 Test set up 4 31 Figure 23 BT WLAN antenna 4 42 Figure 24 BT WLAN antenna pad 4 43 Figure 25 BER test result 4 44 Figure 26 Bluetooth self tests in Phoenix 4 45 RX 44 BB Tr...

Page 75: ... The fault repairing is divided into troubleshooting paths The following main troubleshooting tree describes the different baseband troubleshooting paths to be followed in fault situations RX 44 BB Troubleshooting and Manual Tuning Guide Issue 1 COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL Page 4 5 Copyright 2007 Nokia All rights reserved ...

Page 77: ...Dead or jammed device troubleshooting Troubleshooting flow RX 44 BB Troubleshooting and Manual Tuning Guide Issue 1 COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL Page 4 7 Copyright 2007 Nokia All rights reserved ...

Page 79: ...General power checking troubleshooting Troubleshooting flow RX 44 BB Troubleshooting and Manual Tuning Guide Issue 1 COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL Page 4 9 Copyright 2007 Nokia All rights reserved ...

Page 81: ...Battery current measuring troubleshooting Troubleshooting flow RX 44 BB Troubleshooting and Manual Tuning Guide Issue 1 COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL Page 4 11 Copyright 2007 Nokia All rights reserved ...

Page 82: ...Flash programming fault troubleshooting Troubleshooting flow RX 44 BB Troubleshooting and Manual Tuning Guide Page 4 12 COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL Issue 1 Copyright 2007 Nokia All rights reserved ...

Page 87: ...SDRAM temperature sensor troubleshooting Troubleshooting flow RX 44 BB Troubleshooting and Manual Tuning Guide Issue 1 COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL Page 4 17 Copyright 2007 Nokia All rights reserved ...

Page 93: ...B differential pulse GPS troubleshooting GPS antenna The GPS antenna is located at the top of the left corner of B cover RX 44 BB Troubleshooting and Manual Tuning Guide Issue 1 COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL Page 4 23 Copyright 2007 Nokia All rights reserved ...

Page 94: ...ntenna test pad on PWB is pointed out in a GPS antenna picture Figure 16 GPS key components Components are located on the bottom side of the PWB at the upper left corner RX 44 BB Troubleshooting and Manual Tuning Guide Page 4 24 COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL Issue 1 Copyright 2007 Nokia All rights reserved ...

Page 95: ...ve GPS settings for Phoenix GPS control Context Use the following to test GPS using Phoenix Steps 1 Start Phoenix service software 2 From the File menu select Scan Product and check that the correct product version is displayed RX 44 BB Troubleshooting and Manual Tuning Guide Issue 1 COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL Page 4 25 Copyright 2007 Nokia All rights reserved ...

Page 96: ...f GPS basic checks troubleshooting page 4 30 Quick Test window The Quick Test window has all the necessary functionality for GPS troubleshooting Ensure the test setup is correct and click Start Test Select Help for further information This test will perform 3 tests in one Self Test Oscillator Test not supported and CW Test and will provide a Pass Fail response It also contains a Receiver On button...

Page 97: ...a is working correctly as well as performing a radiated CW test J 6201 GPS Antenna test pad In order to probe GPS RF test points inject 1575 52 MHz tone 50dBm at the GPS antenna test connector and select Receiver On then probe the GPS RF test points as shown in figure GPS RF probe points Compare RF levels with a known reference phone RX 44 BB Troubleshooting and Manual Tuning Guide Issue 1 COMPANY...

Page 98: ...Figure 20 GPS antenna test pads Figure 21 GPS RF probe points RX 44 BB Troubleshooting and Manual Tuning Guide Page 4 28 COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL Issue 1 Copyright 2007 Nokia All rights reserved ...

Page 99: ...ailure GPS basic checks The GPS failure troubleshooting flow can be followed and where applicable will feed into the Basic checks troubleshooting flow Troubleshooting flow RX 44 BB Troubleshooting and Manual Tuning Guide Issue 1 COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL Page 4 29 Copyright 2007 Nokia All rights reserved ...

Page 100: ...GPS basic checks troubleshooting flow Troubleshooting flow RX 44 BB Troubleshooting and Manual Tuning Guide Page 4 30 COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL Issue 1 Copyright 2007 Nokia All rights reserved ...

Page 101: ... for Phoenix GPS control Context Use the following to test GPS using Phoenix Steps 1 Start Phoenix service software 2 From the File menu select Scan Product and check that the correct product version is displayed 3 From the Testing menu select GPS Control This opens up GPS Control dialogue box as shown in the figure below and enables the GPS RX 44 BB Troubleshooting and Manual Tuning Guide Issue 1...

Page 102: ...he second step is to check that the engine is working normally This can be done by connecting the phone to a docking station and starting Phoenix service software With the help of Phoenix read the phone information to check that also the application engine is functioning normally you should be able to read the APE ID After these checks proceed to the display troubleshooting flowcharts Use the Disp...

Page 103: ...ded as a display failure resulting in a replacement of the display are presented the following table Table 8 Pixel defects Bright sub pixels sometimes called on pixels or stuck on are characterized by the appearance of bright colored pixels in for example black full screen picture Dark sub pixels sometimes called off pixels stuck off or black pixels are characterized by the appearance of dark pixe...

Page 104: ...tal 3 Temporal sub pixel defect Not allowed Note Blinking pixels are not allowed in normal operating temperatures and light conditions RX 44 BB Troubleshooting and Manual Tuning Guide Page 4 34 COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL Issue 1 Copyright 2007 Nokia All rights reserved ...

Page 108: ...onment lighting is dark Ambient Light Sensor is calibrated in production and can be re tuned in service points though not recommended unless calibration coefficient are lost for some reason ALS troubleshooting Context Functionality check Steps 1 Connect phone to Phoenix and set the phone e g on the table so that the amount of ambient light seen by ALS is as stable as possible 2 Start Phoenix 3 Cho...

Page 109: ...ALS calibration procedure it is required to have a reference phone which includes calibrated ALS ALS re tuning instructions show why the reference phone is needed Retuning ALS Steps 1 Connect reference phone to Phoenix and set the phone e g on the table so that the amount of ambient light seen by ALS is as stabile as possible 2 Start Phoenix 3 Choose File Scan Product RX 44 BB Troubleshooting and ...

Page 110: ...g some value to Channel 0 and Channel 1 reference value calibrate button must be pressed Stop iterating when Co efficient is equal to Co efficient calculated in bullet 7 Note that decimal numbers should be used in the iteration in order to achieve enough precision e g 200 2455 9 After having same Co efficient value in Co efficient textbox as the calculated value make sure that ambient light values...

Page 111: ...RGB LED driver troubleshooting Troubleshooting flow RX 44 BB Troubleshooting and Manual Tuning Guide Issue 1 COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL Page 4 41 Copyright 2007 Nokia All rights reserved ...

Page 112: ...to find out if the problem is related to the BT antenna or related to the BT system or the phone s BB and then replace fix the faulty component Bluetooth WLAN antenna element Bluetooth and WLAN have common antenna element which is mounted into decoration cover Antenna connection to PWB antenna pad is made through pogo pin Figure 23 BT WLAN antenna RX 44 BB Troubleshooting and Manual Tuning Guide P...

Page 113: ...x service software 2 From the File menu choose Open Product and then choose the correct type designator from the Product list 3 Place the phone to a flash adapter in the local mode RX 44 BB Troubleshooting and Manual Tuning Guide Issue 1 COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL Page 4 43 Copyright 2007 Nokia All rights reserved ...

Page 114: ...n BER Test Results Bit Error Rate test result is displayed in the Bit Error Rate BER Tests pane in the Bluetooth LOCALS window Figure 25 BER test result Bluetooth self tests in Phoenix Steps 1 Start Phoenix service software 2 From the File menu choose Open Product and then choose the correct type designator from the Product list 3 Connect the phone to a docking station in the local mode 4 Choose T...

Page 116: ...Bluetooth BER failure troubleshooting 1 and 2 Troubleshooting flow RX 44 BB Troubleshooting and Manual Tuning Guide Page 4 46 COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL Issue 1 Copyright 2007 Nokia All rights reserved ...

Page 118: ... to use test signals generated inside of the device Note Sine test signals frequency and amplitude are fixed It s possible to route the signal to the following outputs Headphone left channel Generated earpiece left out Headphone right channel Generated earpiece right out Internal loudspeaker Generated int handsfree out Each audio output configuration sets the internal test signal generator or micr...

Page 119: ...t signal presented a table below and check also supposed output Fastest and easiest way to test external microphone functionality is to insert known working HS 48 headset to the audio connector enable Ext microphone in Ext earpiece out test audio loop by the Phoenix and just speak and listen Note Before testing any microphone path test the headphone output functionality as described on previous pa...

Page 121: ...Headset headphone earpiece troubleshooting Troubleshooting flow RX 44 BB Troubleshooting and Manual Tuning Guide Issue 1 COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL Page 4 51 Copyright 2007 Nokia All rights reserved ...

Page 122: ...Headset microphone troubleshooting Troubleshooting flow RX 44 BB Troubleshooting and Manual Tuning Guide Page 4 52 COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL Issue 1 Copyright 2007 Nokia All rights reserved ...

Page 123: ...Internal microphone troubleshooting Troubleshooting flow RX 44 BB Troubleshooting and Manual Tuning Guide Issue 1 COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL Page 4 53 Copyright 2007 Nokia All rights reserved ...

Page 124: ...Internal speakers troubleshooting Troubleshooting flow RX 44 BB Troubleshooting and Manual Tuning Guide Page 4 54 COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL Issue 1 Copyright 2007 Nokia All rights reserved ...

Page 125: ... ADC calibration has to be performed before other item s However if all calibrations are selected at the same time there is no need to perform the ADC calibration first 8 Click Calibrate The calibration of the selected item s is carried out automatically The candidates for the new calibration values are shown in the Calculated values column If the new calibration values seem to be acceptable pleas...

Page 129: ...nctionality test 5 17 List of Tables Table 11 Maximum wlan TX power limits for US version 5 7 Table 12 Maximum wlan TX power limits for EU version 5 8 List of Figures Figure 27 WLAN Bluetooth and GPS placement 5 5 Figure 28 RF key component placement 5 6 Figure 29 WLAN RF measurement points 5 6 Figure 30 WLAN TX troubleshooting 5 9 Figure 31 WLAN STLC4560 troubleshooting 5 10 Figure 32 WLAN RX tro...

Page 131: ...ive so parts must be pre baked prior to soldering Apart from key components described in this document here are a lot of discrete components resistors inductors and capacitors which troubleshooting is done by checking if soldering of the component is done properly for factory repairs checking if it is missing from PWB Capacitor can be checked for shortening and resistors for value by means of an o...

Page 132: ...Figure 28 RF key component placement Figure 29 WLAN RF measurement points RX 44 RF Troubleshooting and Tuning Page 5 6 COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL Issue 1 Copyright 2007 Nokia All rights reserved ...

Page 133: ...to use 10dB attenuator on the spectrum analyzer input to prevent any damage 4 Set the phone module to test jig and start Phoenix service software 5 Initialize connection to the phone Use FBUS driver when using DAU 9S 6 To choose a product in Phoenix From the File menu choose Choose Product and select RX 44 from the list or from the File menu choose Scan Product 7 From the toolbar set operating mod...

Page 134: ...or EU version dBm Channel 1 2 12 13 1 2 5 5 and 11 Mbit s 17 17 17 6 and 9 Mbit s 14 15 15 12 and 18 Mbit s 14 15 15 24 and 36 Mbit s 13 13 13 48 and 54 Mbit s 13 13 13 RX 44 RF Troubleshooting and Tuning Page 5 8 COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL Issue 1 Copyright 2007 Nokia All rights reserved ...

Page 135: ...WLAN TX and STLC4560 troubleshooting Figure 30 WLAN TX troubleshooting RX 44 RF Troubleshooting and Tuning Issue 1 COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL Page 5 9 Copyright 2007 Nokia All rights reserved ...

Page 137: ...power is 4 2 V Use nominal value 3 7 V 3 Connect an RF cable to the RF connector of the module test jig MJ 148 and RF signal generator 4 Set the phone module to test jig and start Phoenix service software 5 Initialize connection to the phone Use FBUS driver when using DAU 9S 6 To choose a product in Phoenix From the File menu choose Choose Product and select RX 34 from the list or from the File me...

Page 139: ...count when the phone is tuned As all the RF losses are frequency dependent the user have to be very careful and understand the measurement setup In the following table there are RF attenuations of the Rf cable CA 58 RS connected to RF connector on PWB Freq MHz Attn dB Tolerance dB 2400 0 4 0 5 2440 0 4 0 5 2480 0 4 0 5 Note XRS 6 RF cable should be connected to SMA connector of CA 58RS cable Tx IQ...

Page 140: ...These factors adjust the WLAN transmitter output power to fulfill the required specifications Steps 1 Connect the phone to the WLAN measurement equipment 2 From the dropdown menus set Operating mode to Local 3 From the Tuning menu choose WLAN Tx Tuning 4 Adjust the measurement equipment for power level tuning Remember to take jig and RF cable attenuations into account 5 Choose Data rate 6 Mbit s I...

Page 141: ...sing SB 7 WLAN test BOX with RX 44 Context The build up and usage of the WLAN Test Box SB 7 is described A simple functionality test is advised With this test both WLAN RX TX will be tested in weakened field scenario The test uses active scan WARNING in USA DO NOT use channels 12 and 13 for scanning Note SB 7 supports WLAN Standard IEEE 802 11b g Do not open SB 7 The following just describes what ...

Page 142: ... grid starting from A1 and ending to Q17 see figure 7 Place CU4 SS 62 FS 66 on SB 7 so that the corners of SB 7 are on top of the following square of the grid A5 A13 O4 and O14 RX 44 RF Troubleshooting and Tuning Page 5 16 COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL Issue 1 Copyright 2007 Nokia All rights reserved ...

Page 143: ...t SB 7 is fully up and running Steps 1 Attach RX 44 with CU4 SS 62 FS 66 and place on top of the WLAN Test Box at the correct place as explained in WLAN functionality testing using SB 7 WLAN test BOX with RX 44 2 Make connection to RX 44 with Phoenix test mode 3 Choose Testing WLAN Configuration 4 Write default into Network SSID to scan field 5 Press Scan RX 44 RF Troubleshooting and Tuning Issue ...

Page 144: ...t find the name of the WLAN test Box Default on the list under Scan results the RX 44 is not OK Note Note Local WLAN environment may affect test results especially if there are many WLAN access points nearby Known issue If you manage to scan SB 7 with RX 44 and remove power from SB 7 and press scan again SB 7 is still found You have to wait for 1 minute after SB 7 power down before scanning in ord...

Page 147: ...ing introduction 6 5 Camera viewfinder troubleshooting 6 8 Camera bad image quality troubleshooting 6 9 Camera BB HW troubleshooting 6 10 List of Tables Table 13 Sub camera specification 6 5 RX 44 Camera troubleshooting Issue 1 COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL Page 6 3 Copyright 2007 Nokia All rights reserved ...

Page 149: ...ck of sharpness Bit errors In addition there are many other kinds of possibilities for getting bad image quality but those are ruled out from the scope of this document since probability of their appearance is going to be minimized by production testing Testing for Dust For detecting this kind of problems take video of uniform white surface and analyze it in full resolution Good quality PC CRT mon...

Page 150: ...module and thus the camera should be replaced since camera module cannot be dissembled without damaging it Any particles inside the cavity between protection window and lens have most probably been trapped there in assembly phase at camera module supplier Unauthorized disassembling of product can also be root cause for the problem Testing for Sharpness Effects of Dirty or Defective Protection Wind...

Page 151: ...get when analyzing this kind of errors The errors will be clearly visible as colorful sharp dots or lines in camera images See figure below One type of bit error is lack of bit depth In that case image is almost totally black under normal conditions sensing something only under very high illumination Typically this is a contact problem between the camera module and phone main PWB Check camera asse...

Page 157: ...elaus N4200 7 15 EM ASIC Vilma D1420 7 15 EM ASIC Betty N1310 7 15 ASICS N5350 and N5351 7 16 Device memories 7 16 Memory package 7 16 APE memory POP3 7 16 Audio concept 7 16 Audio concept 7 16 Internal speakers 7 17 Internal microphone 7 18 Nokia AV connector 7 19 Nokia AV interface output 7 19 Nokia AV interface input 7 20 Sensors and switches 7 21 Slide position switch 7 21 SD door switch 7 21 ...

Page 158: ... layout 7 12 Figure 40 RX 44 UI illumination 7 13 Figure 41 Top flex assembly 7 14 Figure 42 Camera architecture 7 14 Figure 43 Audio concept 7 17 Figure 44 Internal speakers 7 18 Figure 45 Internal microphone 7 18 Figure 46 Nokia AV connector 7 19 Figure 47 Nokia AV interface output 7 20 Figure 48 Nokia AV interface input 7 21 Figure 49 Battery connector pinout 7 22 Figure 50 WLAN RF block diagra...

Page 159: ... ASIC Betty N1310 and EM ASIC Menelaus N4200 Keyboard and its lightning are controlled by N4300 AIC33 audio codec is N4100 and touch pad controller N1530 HS USB interface goes via USB controller ASIC N5350 and USB EM ASIC N5350 WVGA display has external display frame buffer D1510 Application processor The application processor OMAP2420 D4800 is also called an application ASIC because it is process...

Page 160: ...s over EM ASIC D1420 master reset threshold RESET RESET mode is a synonym for start up sequence SLEEP SLEEP mode is entered only from PWR_ON mode with the aid of SW when the system s activity is low FLASHING FLASHING mode is for SW downloading Voltage limits Parameter Description Value VMSTR Master reset threshold D1420 2 2V typ VMSTR Threshold for charging rising N1310 2 1V typ VMSTR Threshold fo...

Page 161: ...C Menelaus N4200 controlling the EM and supplying the output voltages In addition to the ASICs N5351 PM ASIC handles the power supply for HS USB controller In addition to mentioned EM ASICs RX 44 EM includes functionalities to be powered using discrete regulator or direct battery voltage supply The following functionality is supplied with discrete power supplies LCD analog Supply 2 8V System clock...

Page 162: ...re are two main clocks in the BB system 19 2 MHz square wave clock provided by discrete oscillator and 32 678 kHz sleep clock produced by the EM ASIC D1420 with an external crystal RX 44 System Module Page 7 8 COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL Issue 1 Copyright 2007 Nokia All rights reserved ...

Page 163: ... shown as mass storage device connection in RX 44 file manager Memorycards The device hasone memory card reader which support dual voltage cards In addition there is an internal memory card assembled on PWB Internal 2GB eMMC flash memory is intended for user content storage It can be used to store pictures music map files etc This memory is shown in file manager as internal memory card and is not ...

Page 164: ...ding commands 800x480 transmissive LTPS LCD display 65k colours used in RX 44 a backlight incorporating 6 white LED s to illuminate the display a touch screen Compact Display Port CDP for display data and serial interface LOSSI for commands The display has four different operating modes Normal mode Sleep mode Partial mode Off The interconnection between the LCD module and the main flex assembly is...

Page 165: ...cker and Menu key All the keys except power and lock key are on matrix The key matrix has eight rows and twelve columns which is connected to the LM8323 integrated keyboard controller Power button is connected directly to AVilma and Lock key is connected directly OMAP2420POP GPIO102 Table 14 Main flex keys Ref Name Pin No S1000 Home 54 S1001 Back 55 V1001 RGB led 50 51 53 N1000 ALS See schematics ...

Page 166: ...nal fed from Keyboard controller Keypad illumination conditions are controlled by OMAP2420POP according the device state and ambient light conditions Keypad controller communicates with OMAP2420POP through GEN_I2C bus RGB LED which is placed in top left corner of the device is used to indicate the status of the device mainly when the display has been turned off The on off control for indication LE...

Page 167: ...ible plus infrared and one infrared responding photodiode Two integrating ADCs convert the photodiode currents to a I2C bus that represents the irradiance measured on each channel Display and keypad backlight intensity are controlled according to ALS output Top flex pinout Table 15 Key Name Pin No S1000 Power 10 S1001 Volume 8 S1002 Volume 7 S1003 Zoom 6 S1004 Lock 9 Table 16 Lock Switch Position ...

Page 168: ...al format Camera is intended for video imaging purposes Figure 42 Camera architecture ASICs Application processor OMAP2420 D4800 OMAP is the application processor running with OSSO 1 1 Linux based open source software operating system It is the platform for executing all user related application Key functions Camera interface Display interface via Hailstorm D1510 display buffer RX 44 System Module...

Page 169: ...eneration OMAP2420 I O supply generation OMAP2420 PLL block supply generation DDR NAND Memory Core and I O supply generation Camera modulue supply generation Level shifter and regulator for miniSD card Level shifter for internal eMMC EM ASIC Vilma D1420 EM ASIC Vilma includes following functional blocks Start up logic and reset control Charger detection Battery voltage monitoring 32 768kHz clock s...

Page 170: ...memories that are in separate package and attached on top of the processor APE memory POP3 RX 44 s APE memory POP3 consists of DDR MuxOneNAND combo memory DDR memory is using 32 bit interface and flash memory is using 16 bit muxed NOR interface 1Gbit DDR 2Gb MuxOneNAND This capacity memories consist of three dies stacked on top of each other Audio concept Audio concept The device provides acoustic...

Page 171: ...ions is referred as N4100 The N4100 is also interface against the device s internal digital microphone module B4130 Internal speakers The D4800 feeds digital audio data to the N4100 via the I2S interface After the N4100 the signal is further amplified by stereo audio power amplifier N4101 and fed to the dynamic speakers B4140 and B4141 RX 44 System Module Issue 1 COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL Page 7 17 Cop...

Page 172: ...by the N4100 The microphone is also powered by the microphone bias generator of the N4100 by 2 0Vdc After filtering and decimation the signal is passed to the D4800 for futher usage via the I2S bus Figure 45 Internal microphone RX 44 System Module Page 7 18 COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL Issue 1 Copyright 2007 Nokia All rights reserved ...

Page 173: ...me Direction Description 6 PLUGDET Input Terminal internal connection plug detection 5 HS EAR L Output Audio output 4 HS EAR R Output Audio output 3 HS MIC Input Microphone audio send end button info 1 2 HS GND Ground contacts Nokia AV interface output The D4800 feeds digital audio data to the N4100 via the I2S interface After the N4100 the signal is further amplified by stereo audio power amplifi...

Page 174: ...ia AV interface The microphone is biased by the 2 1Vdc from the D1420 asic The weak analog audio signal got from the microphone is fed to the N4100 amplified AD converted and passed to the D400 for further usage via the I2S interface RX 44 System Module Page 7 20 COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL Issue 1 Copyright 2007 Nokia All rights reserved ...

Page 175: ...OMAP2420POP GPIO110 Sensor signal is used by UI software to select suitable features according the device state Slide Position Open Closed Switch contact Open Closed GPIO110 VCC GND SD door switch A mechanical switch is used for SD door opening detection Switch is connected to card detect pin of N4200 Door Position Open Closed Switch contact Closed Open Detect pin GND VCC RX 44 System Module Issue...

Page 176: ...5201 Main Flex X4700 Audio jack X4100 Display on main flex X1001 Camera on main flex X1002 Top Flex X4300 Battery connector Figure 49 Battery connector pinout Table 19 Battery connection Pin Signal Notes 1 VBAT Battery voltage 2 GND Battery Status indication fixed resistor inside the battery pack 3 BSI Ground RX 44 System Module Page 7 22 COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL Issue 1 Copyright 2007 Nokia All right...

Page 177: ... D2 Input Data bus 6 GND Ground Ground 7 D1 Input Data bus 8 D1 Input Data bus 9 GND Ground Ground 10 Clk Input CDP Clock Positive 11 Clk Input CDP Clock Negative 12 GND Ground Ground 13 D0 Input Data bus 14 D0 Input Data bus 15 GND Ground Ground 16 VDD Supply Logic supply 1 8V 17 VDDI Supply Analog supply 2 8V 18 SCL Input Serial clock 19 DOUT Output Serial data out 20 DIN Input Serial data in 21...

Page 178: ...0 DOUT0 O Data output LSB 7 D3 DOUT3 O Data output 8 D6 DOUT6 O Data output 9 D7 DOUT7 O Data output MSB 10 D4 DOUT4 O Data output 11 VDD15 Power supply 1 5V 12 DCLK O Clock for output data 13 GND GND IOVSS 14 GND GND IOVSS 15 GND GND IOVSS 16 IOVDD Power supply for I O 1 8V 17 VD O Vertical synchronization pulse output 18 HD O Horizontal synchronization pulse output 19 SDA I O Data for I2C bus co...

Page 179: ...ower and small form factor mobile applications It conforms to the IEEE 802 11b g protocols operating in 2 4 GHz band supporting OFDM data rates of 54 48 36 24 18 12 9 and 6 Mbps as well as CCK data rates of 11 and 5 5 Mbps and legacy data rates of 2 and 1 Mbps IEEE802 11e i protocol extensions are included to implement quality of service QoS and security functions Parameter Value Frequency range 2...

Page 180: ...m implementation is partitioned to radio baseband and energy management dies STLC4560 has a fully integrated radio chip including a direct conversion transceiver RF synthesizer and VCO and high speed data converters The baseband includes required logic and interfaces to enable simultaneous use of BT and WLAN The energy management chip integrates required power management functions to operate the s...

Page 181: ...WLAN BTH has a common antenna and is located in decoration cover Antenna is shown in picture 23 WLAN TX description Transmitter characteristics The transmitter consists of final frequency IQ modulators power amplifier for the lower and upper bands separately power control loop The IQ modulator is integrated in STLC4560 as well as the operational amplifiers of the power control loop The power ampli...

Page 185: ...luetooth CBus MCU controlled serial bus connected to UPP_WD2 UEME and Zocus CCP Compact Camera Port CDSP Cellular DSP expected to run at low levels CLDC Connected limited device configuration CMOS Complimentary metal oxide semiconductor circuit low power consumption COF Chip on Foil COG Chip on Glass CPU Central Processing Unit CSR cambridge silicon radio CSTN Color Super Twisted Nematic CTSI Cloc...

Page 186: ...ace bus GPRS General Packet Radio Service GSM Group Special Mobile Global System for Mobile communication HF Hands free HFCM Handsfree Common HS Handset HSCSD High speed circuit switched data data transmission connection faster than GSM HW Hardware I O Input Output IBAT Battery current IC Integrated circuit ICHAR Charger current IF Interface IHF Integrated hands free IMEI International Mobile Equi...

Page 187: ...Pocket Data Application PDA Personal digital assistant PDRAM Program Data RAM on chip in Tiku Phoenix Software tool of DCT4 x and BB5 PIM Personal Information Management PLL Phase locked loop PM Phone Permanent memory PUP General Purpose IO PIO USARTS and Pulse Width Modulators PURX Power up reset PWB Printed Wiring Board PWM Pulse width modulation RC filter Resistance Capacitance filter RF Radio ...

Page 188: ... Universal asynchronous receiver transmitter UEME Universal Energy Management chip Enhanced version UEMEK See UEME UI User Interface UPP Universal Phone Processor UPP_WD2 Communicator version of DCT4 system ASIC USB Universal Serial Bus VBAT Battery voltage VCHAR Charger voltage VCO Voltage controlled oscillator VCTCXO Voltage Controlled Temperature Compensated Crystal Oscillator VCXO Voltage Cont...

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