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Reference Guide for the Model RM356 Modem Router

2-6

Router Installation and Connection

Table 2-1

lists and describes each LED on the front panel of the router. These LEDs are green

when lit.

Table 2-1.

LED Descriptions

Label

Activity

Description

PWR (Power)

Power is supplied to the router.

TEST

Blinking/Off

The router is functioning properly. This LED will blink during
initialization and will then turn off.

LAN

COL (Collision)

1-4

Blinking

Data collision is occurring on the LAN.

The numbered LAN port is synchronized with an attached
device.

Data is being received on the port.

Modem

OH (Off Hook)

The modem is in use.

CD (Carrier Detect) On

A valid carrier is present on the line.

TX (Transmit)

Blinking

Data is being transmitted on the modem port.

RX (Receive)

Blinking

Data is being received on the modem port.

Summary of Contents for RM356 - Router - EN

Page 1: ...M RM356NA 0 July 1998 NETGEAR Inc A Bay Networks Company 4401 Great America Parkway Santa Clara CA 95054 USA Phone 800 211 2069 Reference Guide for the Model RM356 Modem Router ...

Page 2: ...with the limits for a Class B digital device pursuant to part 15 of the FCC Rules These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation This equipment generates uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions may cause harmful interference to radio communications However th...

Page 3: ...ations Approvals has been notified of the placing of this equipment on the market and has been granted the right to test the series for compliance with the regulations VCCI 2 Statement This equipment is in the 2nd Class category information equipment to be used in a residential area or an adjacent area thereto and conforms to the standards set by the Voluntary Control Council for Interference by D...

Page 4: ...maintains a World Wide Web Home Page that you can access at the universal resource locator URL http NETGEAR baynetworks com A direct connection to the Internet and a Web browser such as Internet Explorer or Netscape are required ...

Page 5: ...Features 1 1 Key Features 1 2 V 90 Support 1 3 TCP IP Support 1 3 IP Address Masquerading by Dynamic NAT 1 3 Automatic Configuration of Attached PCs by DHCP 1 3 Security 1 4 Calling Line Identification 1 4 PAP and CHAP Authentication 1 4 Callback 1 4 Management Support 1 4 Basic Router Concepts 1 5 What is a Router 1 5 Routing Information Protocol 1 5 IP Addresses and the Internet 1 6 Netmask 1 8 ...

Page 6: ...twork Checklist 2 4 Connecting the Router 2 5 Connecting the Serial Cable Optional 2 7 Connecting to the Line Port 2 7 Connecting to the Hub Ports 2 8 Connecting a Telephone Fax or Modem 2 8 Connecting the Power Adapter 2 8 Connecting for Configuration 2 9 Connecting Through the Serial Port 2 9 Connecting Through a Telnet Connection 2 9 Chapter 3 Router Configuration Configuration Methods 3 1 Powe...

Page 7: ... Backup ISP 4 4 Switching to a Backup ISP 4 4 Chapter 5 Remote Node Configuration Editing PPP Options 5 4 Editing Script Options 5 5 Chapter 6 Dial In Configuration Default Dial In Setup 6 1 Dial In User Setup 6 3 More On CLID 6 5 Chapter 7 TCP IP Configuration LAN to LAN Application 7 1 Remote Node Setup 7 2 Static Route Setup 7 4 Chapter 8 Filter Configuration Router Filter Structure 8 2 Configu...

Page 8: ...TCP IP Tools 9 7 System Tools 9 8 Back Up Configuration 9 9 Restore Configuration 9 9 Software Update 9 9 Command Interpreter Mode 9 10 Call Control 9 10 Blacklist 9 11 Budget Management 9 11 Call History 9 11 Chapter 10 Troubleshooting Basic Functioning 10 1 LEDS 10 1 LAN Link LED 10 1 Troubleshooting a TCP IP Network Using a Ping Utility 10 2 Testing the LAN Path to Your Router 10 2 Testing the ...

Page 9: ...ix Troubleshooting the Manager Interface 10 5 Restoring the Default Configuration and Password 10 6 Using the Packet and Log Trace 10 7 Packet Trace Display Format 10 8 Appendix A Technical Specifications Index ...

Page 10: ...x Contents ...

Page 11: ...tup 3 6 Figure 7 1 LAN to LAN Application 7 1 Figure 8 1 Outgoing Packet Filtering Process 8 1 Figure 8 2 LAN Packet Which Triggered Last Call 8 9 Figure 8 3 Menu 21 Filter Set Configuration 8 11 Figure 8 4 TCP IP Filter Rule Menu 8 12 Figure 8 5 Filter Rules Summary Menu 8 13 Figure 8 6 Remote Node Profile Menu 8 14 Figure 9 1 Packet Examples 9 3 Figure 9 2 Trace Display for a Successful TCP IP P...

Page 12: ...xii Figures ...

Page 13: ...file Fields 5 2 Table 5 2 Fields in Menu 11 2 Remote Node PPP Options 5 4 Table 5 3 Script Options Display 5 5 Table 6 1 Fields in Menu 13 Default Dial in Setup 6 2 Table 6 2 Fields in Menu 14 1 Edit Dial in User 6 4 Table 7 1 Fields in Menu 11 1 Remote Node Profile Fields 7 2 Table 7 2 Menu 11 3 Remote Node Network Layer Options Fields 7 3 Table 7 3 Edit IP Static Route Menu Fields 7 5 Table 8 1 ...

Page 14: ...Menu Fields 9 1 Table 9 2 System Maintenance Status Menu Fields 9 2 Table 9 3 System Maintenance Log and Trace Menu Fields 9 4 Table 9 4 System Maintenance Syslog and Accounting Menu Fields 9 5 Table 9 5 System Maintenance Diagnostic Menu Fields 9 6 ...

Page 15: ... remote nodes The Model RM356 router features one 56 kilobits per second Kbps modem line that can connect directly to your local PSTN Public Switch Telephone Network network thereby saving you the cost of buying additional external modems Purpose This guide describes the features of the Model RM356 Modem Router and provides installation and configuration instructions Audience To configure and inst...

Page 16: ... and press the Enter key When you read type type the text but do not press the Enter key When you read press press only the alphanumeric or named key Note This format is used to highlight information of importance or special interest Caution This format is used to highlight information that will help you prevent equipment failure or loss of data Warning This format is used to highlight information...

Page 17: ...t be pressed simultaneously are shown in text linked with a plus sign ALL CAPS DOS file and directory names Related Publications For more information about configuring the Model RM356 Modem Router using FirstGear configuration software refer to Getting Started Using FirstGear for the Model RM356 Modem Router part number M1 RM356NA 0 For more information about address assignment refer to RFC 1597 A...

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Page 19: ... the path list contains the phone number s of the target router The router sends the number to the modem port to connect the call The WAN path is established and the data is sent to the remote unit At the receiving end the process operates in the reverse order from the modem port to the LAN port The internal 56K modem in the Model RM356 router allows downstream data rates of up to 56 Kbps from you...

Page 20: ...amically assigning network configuration information to LAN workstations Industry standard compression Hi fn Stac LZS compression with CCP Easy installation and management FirstGear graphical user interface GUI management software for Windows users Built in Manager interface for Macintosh UNIX and PC users accessible by terminal or Telnet Protocol Configurable through the LAN no serial connection ...

Page 21: ...upports the Transmission Control Protocol Internet Protocol TCP IP and Routing Information Protocol RIP For further information about TCP IP refer to Basic Router Concepts on page 1 5 IP Address Masquerading by Dynamic NAT The router allows an entire department of networked PCs to share an Internet account using only a single IP address which may be statically or dynamically assigned by your ISP T...

Page 22: ...ain text CHAP scrambles the password before it is sent over the wire Although CHAP provides better security PAP is readily available on more platforms Callback For security and simplified cost accounting the router implements Callback When a remote user dials in the router can disconnect the call and call the user back so that any further call charges are incurred by the location of the router The...

Page 23: ...routers in the network Using this information it chooses the best path for forwarding network traffic Routers vary in performance and scale number of routing protocols supported and types of physical WAN connections supported The Model RM356 Modem Router is a small office router that routes the IP protocol over a dial up telephone connection Routing Information Protocol One of the protocols used b...

Page 24: ...e a unique address to make sure that transmitted data reaches the correct destination Blocks of addresses are assigned to organizations by the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority IANA Individual users and small organizations may obtain their addresses either from the IANA or from an Internet service provider ISP The Internet Protocol IP uses a 32 bit address structure The address is usually writte...

Page 25: ... for each address type Figure 1 1 Three Main Address Classes Class A addresses can have up to 16 777 214 hosts on a single network They use an 8 bit network number and a 24 bit node number Class A addresses are in this range 1 x x x to 126 x x x Class B addresses can have up to 65 354 hosts on a network A Class B address uses a 16 bit network number and a 16 bit node number Class B addresses are i...

Page 26: ...pressed by a netmask associated with the IP address A netmask is a 32 bit quantity that when logically ANDed with an IP address yields the network address For instance the netmasks for Class A B and C addresses are 255 0 0 0 255 255 0 0 and 255 255 255 0 respectively For example the address 192 168 170 237 is a Class C IP address whose network portion is the upper 24 bits When ANDed with the Class...

Page 27: ...ddresses For example the IP address of 172 16 0 0 is assigned but node addresses are limited to 255 maximum allowing 8 extra bits to use as a subnet address The IP address of 172 16 97 235 would be interpreted as IP network address 172 16 subnet number 97 and node number 235 In addition to extending the number of addresses available subnet addressing provides other benefits Subnet addressing allow...

Page 28: ...r instance to partition your Class C network 204 247 203 0 with subnet mask 255 255 255 0 into 16 subnets 4 bits the new subnet mask becomes 255 255 255 240 Note The number 192 68 135 127 is not assigned because it is the broadcast address of the first subnet And 192 68 135 128 is not assigned because it is the network address of the second subnet Table 1 1 Netmask Notation Translation Table for O...

Page 29: ... So that a local router or bridge will know which addresses are local and which are remote Private IP Addresses If your networks are isolated from the Internet for example only between your two branch offices you can assign any IP addresses to the hosts without problems However the IANA has reserved the following three blocks of IP addresses specifically for private networks 10 0 0 0 10 255 255 25...

Page 30: ... rather than a router The Model RM356 Modem Router employs a method called extended NAT This method allows an entire department of networked PCs to share an Internet account using only a single IP address which may be statically or dynamically assigned by your ISP The router accomplishes this address sharing by translating the internal LAN IP addresses to a single address that is globally unique o...

Page 31: ...the network and all stations receive and read the request The destination IP address for the chosen station is included as part of the message so that only the station with this IP address responds to the ARP request and all other nodes discard it The node with the right IP address responds with its own MAC address directly to the sender providing the transmitting station with the destination MAC ...

Page 32: ... or more DNS server addresses As an alternative to manual configuration there is a method by which each device on the network can obtain this configuration information automatically A device on the network may act as a Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol DHCP server A DHCP server stores a list or pool of IP addresses along with other information such as gateway and DNS addresses that it may assign...

Page 33: ...odel RM356 Modem Router AC power adapter 16 V AC output 10 foot 10BASE T Ethernet cable straight through wiring white telephone cable black 25 pin to RJ 45 serial cable 9 pin D connector to 25 pin D connector adapter This guide Getting Started Using FirstGear for the Model RM356 Modem Router FirstGear Installation Diskette Warranty card Call your dealer if there are any wrong missing or damaged pa...

Page 34: ...e and your local public telephone infrastructure may limit your actual data rate For example FCC rules limit the data rate to 53 Kbps in the United States The use of repeaters between your premises and the central office will limit your performance to 33 Kbps If your data rate is substantially less than 50 Kbps you may want to consult your telephone company regarding the quality of your line Calli...

Page 35: ...rk to this address for accessing the Internet Some applications may be incompatible with NAT LAN Account In a LAN account you will be assigned a registered IP address for your router and for each PC or workstation in your local network A LAN account is typically more expensive than a single user account Account Information Your ISP should give you the following basic information for your account w...

Page 36: ...tically by the router All host devices must have the IP address of the router defined either as the default gateway or as an entry in the static routes table If you are using the DHCP function of the router this gateway IP address is assigned automatically by the router The network portion of the IP addresses must be different on the Local and Remote networks you are routing between If you do not ...

Page 37: ...illustration to locate the LEDs and to Table 2 1 for descriptions You can use some of the LEDs to verify connections Key 1 PWR Power LED 2 TEST LED 3 LAN LEDs Collision and per port link activity 4 MODEM LEDs Off Hook Carrier Detect Transmit Data and Receive Data Figure 2 1 Front Panel of the Model RM356 Modem Router 8602EA PWR TEST COL 1 MODEM LAN 2 3 CD OH TD 4 RD RM356 MODEL kbps 56 Remote Acce...

Page 38: ...f The router is functioning properly This LED will blink during initialization and will then turn off LAN COL Collision 1 4 Blinking On Blinking Data collision is occurring on the LAN The numbered LAN port is synchronized with an attached device Data is being received on the port Modem OH Off Hook On The modem is in use CD Carrier Detect On A valid carrier is present on the line TX Transmit Blinki...

Page 39: ...fax or modem Figure 2 2 Rear Panel of the Model RM356 Modem Router Connecting the Serial Cable Optional Plug the RJ 45 end of the 25 pin to RJ 45 serial cable into the port labeled MANAGER on the router Plug the other end into a serial port such as COM1 or COM2 of your PC You must use the included 25 pin to 9 pin adapter if your PC has only a 9 pin port available Connecting to the Line Port Plug o...

Page 40: ... with your router The hub of the Model RM356 Modem Router may be connected to another hub using the uplink port on the hub to which you are connecting or by using a crossover cable to a normal port Connecting a Telephone Fax or Modem Use the PHONE port for connecting your router to an analog telephone fax or modem This port is an extension of the LINE port Connecting the Power Adapter Plug the con...

Page 41: ...or Telnet on the LAN In order to use Telnet you must know the current IP address of the router For more information about using the built in Manager interface refer to Chapter 3 Router Configuration Connecting Through the Serial Port You can access the built in interface through the RJ 45 serial Manager port by using a VT100 terminal or by using a terminal emulation program on your PC or workstati...

Page 42: ...oute to the static routing table of the workstation to indicate that the router can be reached through the local LAN port When using Telnet consider the following Single administrator To prevent confusion and discrepancy on the configuration the router allows only one terminal connection at any time The router also gives priority to the serial RS 232 connection over Telnet If you have already conn...

Page 43: ...uter Through the built in Manager interface If you are using a Macintosh or UNIX based workstation the built in Manager interface is the only way that you can configure your router through your computer However you can use a PC to configure the router and then connect the router to the Macintosh or workstation after the configuration process is complete The built in Manager interface is accessible...

Page 44: ... To continue 1 Press Enter when prompted A login screen is displayed and prompts you to enter a password 2 Enter the default password 1234 to reach the main menu of the Manager Once you are in the Manager and if there is no activity for longer than 5 minutes the router automatically logs you out and displays a blank screen If you see a blank screen press Enter to display the password screen again ...

Page 45: ...ve to the previous and the next field respectively Enter information There are two types of fields for entering selected parameters The first requires you to enter the appropriate information The second gives you options to choose from When choosing options press the space bar to toggle through the available options Required fields Some of the fields in the Manager are essential in order to config...

Page 46: ...Menu RM356 Main Menu Getting Started Advanced Management 1 General Setup 21 Filter Set Configuration 2 MODEM Setup 3 Ethernet Setup 23 System Security 4 Internet Access Setup 24 System Maintenance Advanced Applications 11 Remote Node Setup 12 Static Routing Setup 13 Default Dial in User Setup 14 Dial in User Setup 99 Exit Enter Menu Selection Number ...

Page 47: ...et connection The router has four remote nodes 12 Static Routing Setup This menu is accessed to set up static routes The router supports four static routes 13 Default Dial in Setup This menu is accessed to set up default dial in parameters so that your router can be a dial in server for the remote node and remote dial in users 14 Dial in User Setup This menu is accessed to set up remote dial in us...

Page 48: ...splay Menu 1 General Setup as illustrated in Figure 3 3 Figure 3 3 Menu 1 General Setup 2 Enter the system name in the System Name field of the menu For identification purposes choose a descriptive name for the router such as RM356 or NewYork The name should be no more than 8 alphanumeric characters Spaces are not allowed but dashes and underscores _ are accepted The name can be used for CHAP auth...

Page 49: ... initialize the internal modem Deactivating a modem port has no effect on the operation of the router but the profile of the modem port will remain in the database and can be activated in the future Press space bar to toggle Yes No Direction This field determines whether the router is allowed to place calls accept calls or both Use the space bar to select Outgoing Incoming or Both Outgoing default...

Page 50: ...er again to exit Menu 2 in order to save changes made in both menus Table 3 4 Advanced MODEM Setup Menu Field Descriptions Field Description Default AT Command Strings Dial Enter the AT Command string to make a modem connection atdt Init Enter the AT Command string to initialize the modem at fs0 0w2s95 1 Call Control Dial Timeout sec The router will time out if it cannot set up an outgoing modem c...

Page 51: ...lication of filter sets for filtering your Ethernet traffic Filter sets are used to block certain packets in order to reduce bandwidth or to enhance security Refer to Chapter 8 Filter Configuration for more information about configuring filters Filters that have been defined in Menu 21 may be applied here by entering their numbers in the appropriate fields in this menu Up to four filter sets may b...

Page 52: ...p DHCP If set to Server the router acts as a DHCP server Client IP Pool Starting Address This field is the beginning of the range of addresses to assign Size of Client IP Pool This field is the number of sequential addresses available for assignment to attached hosts The maximum is 32 Primary DNS Server If you want the router to provide the Primary DNS Server address to attached hosts enter the ad...

Page 53: ...LAN Usually you should leave this parameter at the default Both and let RIP propagate the routing information automatically RIP Version This field determines which version of RIP Routing Information Protocol will be used by the router The following RIP options are supported by the Model RM356 Modem Router RIP 1 The router will accept and send RIP 1 messages only RIP 2B The router will accept RIP 1...

Page 54: ...r 3 Enter your new system password and press Enter 4 Enter your new system password again for confirmation and press Enter You must enter this new password when you want to access the Manager through the serial port or by a Telnet connection If you lose or forget the Manager password you must clear the configuration of the router as described in Chapter 10 Troubleshooting Clearing the configuratio...

Page 55: ...re you configure the router for Internet access make sure your ISP Internet service provider provides you with the following information For your router IP address of the gateway of your ISP optional Telephone number s of your ISP Login name Password for authentication For your workstation IP address of the Domain Name Server DNS of your ISP NETGEAR recommends that you review the information about...

Page 56: ...igure your router for Internet access 1 Enter 4 from the Main Menu to display Menu 4 Internet Access Setup 2 Enter the name of your ISP in the ISPs Name field for example MyISP This information is for identification purposes only 3 Enter the IP Address of the remote router at the point of presence POP of the ISP in the ISP Gateway IP Addr field optional If you do not have this data you can leave i...

Page 57: ... If you select Yes the router calls the ISP to test the Internet connection If the test fails note the error message that you receive and take the appropriate troubleshooting steps Configuration for Single User Account The Model RM356 Modem Router implements NAT IP masquerading allowing the use of a single user account for Internet access The steps for configuring your router for single user Inter...

Page 58: ...o configure a backup ISP account 1 Configure your primary ISP using Menu 4 as described earlier in this chapter 2 Enter Menu 11 and then select the number of an unused remote node 3 In Menu 11 1 choose a name for your backup ISP account set the Active field to No and then enter your outgoing login name password and phone number s The Remote IP Address field should be set to 1 1 1 1 4 In Menu 11 3 ...

Page 59: ...node is configured properly traffic to the remote LAN triggers the router to make a call automatically Dial On Demand Similarly calls from the remote LAN are answered automatically and security is checked To create a remote node 1 Enter 11 from the Main Menu to display Menu 11 Remote Node Setup 2 Enter a remote node number 1 to 4 to edit the remote node and to display Submenu 11 1 Remote Node Prof...

Page 60: ...assword used when this remote node calls into the router Rem CLID This field is active only if Call Direction is either Both or Incoming Otherwise N A appears in the field This is the Calling Line ID the telephone number of the calling party of this remote node If you enable the CLID Authen field in Menu 13 Default Dial In the router checks this number against the CLID in the incoming call If they...

Page 61: ...re information about this screen refer to Chapter 7 TCP IP Configuration Edit Script Options If the remote node requires a login script handshake use the space bar to select Yes and press Enter to display Menu 11 4 Remote Node Script For more information about editing scripts see Editing Script Options on page 5 5 Telco Options Allocated Budget min This field sets a budget on outgoing call time fo...

Page 62: ...vious menu Press Esc at any time to cancel your selections 5 Continue to the end of Menu 11 1 and press Enter to save the selections you made in Menu 11 2 Table 5 2 lists and describes each field in Menu 11 2 Remote Node PPP Options Table 5 2 Fields in Menu 11 2 Remote Node PPP Options Field Description Encapsulation Select CCP Compression Control Protocol for the PPP or MP link Two options are av...

Page 63: ...h the Expect and Send fields are empty the router will terminate script handshaking The Script Options display is shown in Table 5 3 Table 5 3 Script Options Display Field Description Option Active Press the space bar to toggle between Yes and No When a Remote Node Script is deactivated it has no effect on the operation of your router It will be kept in the database and can be activated in the fut...

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Page 65: ...y from their workstations while remote nodes represent networks and are used for LAN to LAN connections This chapter discusses how to set up default dial in parameters for both a remote node and a remote dial in user and how to set up individual profiles for dial in users Default Dial In Setup This section covers the default dial in parameters The parameters in Menu 13 affect incoming calls from a...

Page 66: ...s field allows the negotiation of data compression with the equipment of the dial in user Mutual Authen Some vendors for example Cisco Systems implement a type of mutual authentication That is the node that initiates the call requests a user name and password from the far end that it is dialing to If the remote node that is dialing in implements this type of authentication set this field to Yes Ch...

Page 67: ...only if you selected Yes in the Dial In IP Address Supplied By IP Pool field This field specifies the IP address that is available to be assigned to a dial in user Session Options Input Filter Sets and Output Filter Sets In these fields you can select the filter set s to filter the incoming and outgoing traffic between your router and the remote dial in user These filter sets apply to all remote d...

Page 68: ...allback is enabled the router disconnects the initial call and dials back to the specified callback number or to a number specified by the user depending on which option is set below Phone Phone Supplied by Caller If this field is set to Yes the Remote Dial in User must specify the callback telephone number on a call by call basis which is useful when the router returns a call back to a mobile use...

Page 69: ...r ID information provided by the telephone company during call setup to match against the CLID in the database Besides authentication another application of CLID is to combine it with callback For example if you enable both the CLID authentication and callback options for a dial in user all usage charges are incurred by the company instead of the employee This application may simplify accounting a...

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Page 71: ...ample of a typical LAN to LAN application is to use the router to call from a branch office to the headquarters as shown in Figure 7 1 Figure 7 1 LAN to LAN Application For the branch office you must configure a remote node in order to dial out to the headquarters Additionally you may also need to configure static routes if some services reside beyond the immediate remote LAN 8697EA Branch office ...

Page 72: ...e to cancel your selections 5 Continue to the end of Menu 11 1 and press Enter to save the selections you made in Menu 11 3 Note If you are configuring the router to receive an incoming call you must also set the default dial in parameters in Menu 13 see Chapter 6 Dial In Configuration Table 7 1 Fields in Menu 11 1 Remote Node Profile Fields Field Description Rem IP Address Enter the IP address of...

Page 73: ... Single User Account If this field is set to Yes the router performs NAT IP Address Masquerading to this node See Single IP Address Operation Using NAT on page 1 12 for information about the Single User Account feature The default is No Single User Account Server IP Addr If you have selected Single User Account and want to make your local server accessible to outside users enter the IP address of ...

Page 74: ... This parameter determines how the router handles RIP Routing Information Protocol If set to Both default the router broadcasts its routing table to other routers and incorporates RIP broadcasts by other routers into its routing table If set to In Only the router will not broadcast its routing table but will accept RIP information from other routers If set to Out Only the router broadcasts its rou...

Page 75: ...bnet mask for this destination For more information about setting IP subnet masks see Subnet Addressing on page 1 9 Gateway IP Address Enter the IP address of the gateway The gateway is an immediate neighbor of the router that forwards the packet to the destination On the LAN the gateway must be a router on the same segment as the router Over the WAN the gateway must be the IP address of one of th...

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Page 77: ...ounter call filters The call filters are divided into two groups default call filters and user defined call filters The Model RM356 Modem Router has default call filters that filter out administrative packets for example RIP packets The router applies the default filters first and then if applicable applies the user defined call filters as shown in Figure 8 1 Figure 8 1 Outgoing Packet Filtering P...

Page 78: ...se filter sets you can link up to four of the filter sets together to screen the data packet Therefore with each filter set having up to six rules you can have a maximum of 24 rules active for a single filtering application Configuring a Filter Set To configure a filter set select option 21 in the Main Menu This selection brings up Menu 21 Filter Set Configuration From this menu you can choose fro...

Page 79: ...ption Refers to the filter rule number 1 6 A Refers to Active Y means the filter rule is active and N means the filter rule is inactive Type Refers to the type of filter rule and can display GEN for generic or IP for TCP IP Filter Rules The filter rule parameters are displayed here M Refers to More Y means there are more rules to check N means there are no rules to check m Refers to Action Matched...

Page 80: ...ule select Generic by pressing the space bar under the Filter Type field and then pressing Enter to display the menu for a generic filter rule TCP IP Filter Rule This section provides information about how to configure a TCP IP filter rule for your router The fields in the menu are given in Table 8 4 When you have completed Menu 21 1 1 TCP IP Filter Rule press Enter at the Press ENTER to Confirm p...

Page 81: ...page 1 8 for information about IP subnet masks Port In this field enter the destination port of the packets that you want to filter The range of this field is 0 to 65535 For example 47 refers to the FTP port Refer to RFC1700 Assigned Numbers for specific port numbers Port Comp In this field select the comparison quantifier you want to enable to compare to the value given in Destination Port There ...

Page 82: ...re is Yes then Action Matched and Action Not Matched is N A Log In this field you can determine if you want to log the results of packets attempting to pass the filter rule These results are displayed on the System Log see View Error Log on page 9 4 Seven options are available for this field None No packets are logged default Action Matched Only packets that match the rule parameters are logged Ac...

Page 83: ...ould use for comparison and masking The starting point of this data is determined by Offset The range for this field is 0 to 8 Default 0 Mask In this field specify in hexadecimal the value that the router should logically qualify and the data in the packet Because length is given in bytes enter a hexadecimal number that is twice the specified length for numbers in this field For example if length ...

Page 84: ...ifies that filter sets 1 3 and 10 are used to determine whether a packet causes a call to be placed to the remote node Call Filter Sets 1 3 10 Log In this field you can determine if you want to log the results of packets attempting to pass the filter rule These results are displayed on the System Log see View Error Log on page 9 4 Seven options are available for this field None No packets are logg...

Page 85: ...the local network using an LMHOSTS file to store addresses of local hosts or turning off NetBIOS name resolution by DNS A simpler method is to filter NetBIOS traffic using the filtering capabilities of your Model RM356 Modem Router Diagnosing the Situation If you already know the source or types of packets that are causing the problem you can proceed directly to the design of the filter Otherwise ...

Page 86: ...tination IP 207 69 188 185 DNS server 45 00 00 3E 9E 05 00 00 1F 11 CC 9D 8D FB 17 12 CF 45 BC B9 00 89 00 35 Bold characters denote source port number 137 or 89h NetBIOS name service 45 00 00 3E 9E 05 00 00 1F 11 CC 9D 8D FB 17 12 CF 45 BC B9 00 89 00 35 Bold characters denote destination port number 53 or 35h DNS This packet represents a NetBIOS name service request from a local PC to the DNS se...

Page 87: ... and TCP packets originating from ports 137 138 and 139 Because each protocol port combination must be specified as a separate rule there will be six rules Each filter set contains six rules so you will fill one entire set Begin with rule 1 as illustrated in Figure 8 3 Menu 21 Filter Set Configuration Filter Filter Set Comments Set Comments 1 netbios 7 _______________ 2 _______________ 8 _________...

Page 88: ... the packet so set Action Matched to Drop For packets not matching you want to continue to the next rule so set Action Not Matched to Check Next Rule Figure 8 4 shows Menu 21 1 1 TCP IP Filter Rule Figure 8 4 TCP IP Filter Rule Menu Menu 21 1 1 TCP IP Filter Rule Filter 1 1 Filter Type TCP IP Filter Rule Active Yes IP Protocol 17 IP Source Route No Destination IP Addr 0 0 0 0 IP Mask 0 0 0 0 Port ...

Page 89: ...ll six rules contain Y in the A Active field D Drop in the m matched field and N next rule in the n not matched field except for the last rule which should have F Forward in the n field Figure 8 5 shows the Filter Rules Summary menu with all six rules defined Figure 8 5 Filter Rules Summary Menu Menu 21 1 Filter Rules Summary A Type Filter Rules M m n 1 Y IP Pr 17 SA 0 0 0 0 SP 137 DA 0 0 0 0 N D ...

Page 90: ...ur by entering their numbers separated by commas Figure 8 6 shows the Remote Node Profile Menu Figure 8 6 Remote Node Profile Menu When you finish restart the router Menu 11 1 Remote Node Profile Rem Node Name MyISP Edit PPP Options No Active Yes Rem IP Addr 0 0 0 0 Call Direction Outgoing Edit IP No Incoming Telco Option Rem Login Transfer Type 64K Rem Password Allocated Budget min 0 Rem CLID N A...

Page 91: ...outer This screen displays the current status of the MODEM and Ethernet ports and it counts the number of packets sent and received It also displays the system software version Enter 24 from the Main Menu to display the System Maintenance Menu Then enter 1 to display Menu 24 1 System Maintenance Status Menu Table 9 1 lists the commands used in the System Maintenance Status Menu Table 9 1 System Ma...

Page 92: ...The time that this channel has been connected to the current remote node Total Outcall Time The total outgoing call time for all WAN ports since the system has been powered on Ethernet For the LAN port the screen displays Status The current status of the LAN port TX Pkts The number of packets transmitted to the LAN RX Pkts The number of packets received from the LAN Collisions The number of collis...

Page 93: ...using the space bar When the desired rate is shown press Enter You are given the opportunity to change the baud rate of your terminal before continuing Log and Trace Log and trace tools allow the user to view the error logs and trace records in order to troubleshoot any errors that may occur The router can also generate system logs syslogs to send to other machines Enter 24 to display Menu 24 Syst...

Page 94: ...se the space bar to scroll this screen if necessary After each display you are prompted with an option to clear the Error Log Enter the appropriate choice and press Enter Syslog and Accounting Syslog and Accounting can be configured in Menu 24 3 2 System Maintenance Syslog and Accounting Menu 24 3 2 configures the router to send UNIX system logs to another machine Table 9 3 System Maintenance Log ...

Page 95: ...44 E01 CLID call refuse line 1 channel 1 call 45 E02 IP address mismatch Session Information Messages line 1 channel 1 call 41 I01 IPCP up 306L line 1 channel 1 call 41 I01 IPCP down 306L Table 9 4 System Maintenance Syslog and Accounting Menu Fields Field Command Description Active Press the space bar to toggle between yes and no The syslog option is turned on or off Syslog IP Address Enter the a...

Page 96: ...ields Field Command Description MODEM Drop MODEM 1 Enter This command hangs up the current MODEM call Reset MODEM 2 Enter This command will reset the MODEM Manual Call 3 Enter This command will cause the router to place a manual call to a Remote Node and log in to the account A trace will be displayed on the screen showing the progress of the call setup and protocol negotiation Redirect to MODEM 4...

Page 97: ...ion and establishes a connection If everything is working properly you receive an appropriate response If you receive an error message note the error message and consult your network administrator Figure 9 2 illustrates an example of a trace display for a successful call when using a TCP IP protocol connection Figure 9 2 Trace Display for a Successful TCP IP Protocol Connection System Reboot Syste...

Page 98: ...ystem Your system is rebooted implementing any changes that may have been recently added to your system Enter 22 to select Command Interpreter Mode This option changes the Manager interface on your router from the screen based mode to a command line mode The command line mode allows you to configure diagnose and test your router using a specified set of commands This mode is capable of executing u...

Page 99: ... is stored in the internal flash ROM of your router and is retained even if a power failure occurs The procedure for uploading varies depending on the type of terminal software used to access the router Your terminal software must have the ability to transfer data using the XMODEM Protocol to perform the upload Restoring a configuration is possible only through the serial cable connection Software...

Page 100: ...s the OK message Command Interpreter Mode Select option 8 from Menu 24 Maintenance to enter the command interpreter mode This mode allows you to diagnose test and configure your router using a script or specified set of commands A list of valid commands can be found by typing help at the command prompt For more detailed information check the NETGEAR Web site at http netgear baynetworks com Call Co...

Page 101: ...dental overuse This function limits the total outgoing call time of the router over a period of time to each remote node and remote dial in user callback only When this limit is reached the call is dropped and further outgoing calls to that remote node or remote dial in user callback fail If the total outgoing call time exceeds the set limit future outgoing calls are not made and the current call ...

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Page 103: ...zation is complete the Test LED will turn off If an Ethernet connection is made to any LAN port the LAN LED for that port number should be on If the LAN LED is off refer to LAN Link LED on page 10 1 LEDS If all LEDs are off when your router is turned on make sure that the power cord is properly connected to your router and that the power supply adapter is properly connected to a functioning power ...

Page 104: ... the switch is in the uplink MDI position If you are connecting a LAN port of the Model RM356 Modem Router to a normal MDI X port of another hub you must use a crossover cable Troubleshooting a TCP IP Network Using a Ping Utility Most TCP IP terminal devices and routers contain a ping utility that sends an echo request packet to the designated device The device then responds with an echo reply Tro...

Page 105: ...correctly the OH offhook LED on the router should turn on indicating that a call is being placed If the OH LED does not turn on follow these instructions Check that your PC has the IP address of your router listed as the default gateway If the IP configuration of your PC is assigned by DHCP this information will not be visible in the control panel network utility Go to the Run window and run winip...

Page 106: ...word Rem IP Addr If the call is connected but quickly terminated it indicates the possibility of a protocol negotiation problem Check the error log in Menu 24 3 1 which usually provides some indication of why the call was dropped If there is nothing in the log the call may have been dropped by the remote device Verify that the configuration parameters between these two devices are consistent If yo...

Page 107: ...Interface Refer to the following instructions if you cannot access the Manager interface by the serial port or by using the Telnet Protocol If you cannot access the Manager interface by the serial port 1 Verify that the router is connected to the serial port of your terminal or computer using the included cable 2 Check the configuration parameters of your terminal or communications program The con...

Page 108: ...8 0 1 and with DHCP enabled allowing the router to assign initial IP configuration information to attached hosts To upload romfile0 or romdhcp you must enter the BootModule debug mode with a serial connection to the Manager port To enter the BootModule debug mode 1 While monitoring the serial port turn on the router Wait for the following message Press Any key to enter Debug Mode within 3 seconds ...

Page 109: ...ponds to the location you will be calling 3 Invoke the Command Interpreter Mode Menu 24 8 4 Clear any existing trace information by entering rm356 sys trcl cl 5 Turn on the trace log by entering rm356 sys trcl sw on 6 Turn on the packet trace by entering rm356 sys trcp sw on 7 Trace the call To trace an outgoing call force the router to dial the remote node by entering rm356 dev dial N N is the re...

Page 110: ... Figure 10 1 Packet Trace Display Definitions The following is an example of the PPP message format 113 fe4002 195 PNET ppp CHAP login to remote OK Figure 10 2 breaks down and defines the PPP message format for the preceding packet example Figure 10 2 PPP Message Definitions 8439EA 0000 ff 03 c0 21 08 33 00 16 80 21 0000 00 2d 0f 01 03 06 cc f7 cb b7 01 12 00 10 02 06 125 fe405c 0 PNET len 26 ebp ...

Page 111: ...Specification Network Protocol and Standards Compatibility WAN Protocols PPP Data and Routing Protocols TCP IP RIP 1 RIP 2 DHCP Modem Standard V 90 Security PAP CHAP Caller ID Data Compression Hi fn Stac LZS Compression with CCP Power Adapter North America 120V 60 Hz input United Kingdom 240V 50 Hz input Europe 230V 50 Hz input Japan 100V 50 60 Hz input ...

Page 112: ...by 181 by 35 mm 9 95 by 7 1 by 1 4 in Weight 1 1 kg 2 5 lb Environmental Specifications Operating temperature 0 to 40 C Operating humidity 90 maximum relative humidity noncondensing Electromagnetic Emissions Meets requirements of FCC Part 15 Class B VCCI Class 2 EN 55 022 CISPR 22 Class B Interface Specifications LAN UTP 10BASE T RJ 45 Line RJ 11 Manager RS 232 RJ45 ...

Page 113: ...ction 9 11 budget management 9 11 C cables connecting 2 7 call control 9 10 Call Control field Advanced Modem Setup menu 3 8 Call Direction field Remote Node Profile menu 5 2 call testing 9 7 Callback Budget Management field Default Dial in Setup 6 2 Callback field Edit Dial in User 6 4 callback function 1 4 calling line identification 1 4 cessary 8 9 CHAP authentication 1 4 5 2 6 2 checklists 2 2...

Page 114: ...ode PPP Options menu 5 4 EPROM for firmware upgrade 1 3 error log 9 4 Ethernet Address field System Maintenance Status menu 9 2 Ethernet field System Maintenance Status menu 9 2 Ethernet Setup menu 3 10 F features 1 1 Filter Rules Summary menu 8 3 8 7 filter type Generic IP 8 3 filtering process example 8 1 filters configuring 8 1 for reducing Windows 95 calls 8 9 FirstGear description 1 2 for con...

Page 115: ...IP Filter Rule menu 8 6 M Macintosh using to configure 1 4 2 9 3 1 manager interface accessing through serial port 2 9 accessing through Telnet 2 9 commands 3 3 menus 3 5 troubleshooting 10 5 using for configuring 1 2 1 4 2 9 3 1 manager interface menus Advanced Modem setup 3 8 Change Password 3 12 Default Dial in Setup 6 1 Diagnostic 9 6 Dial in User Setup 6 4 Edit Dial in User 6 4 Edit IP Static...

Page 116: ... changing 3 12 entering at startup 3 2 restoring 10 6 Password field Edit Dial in User 6 4 PC using to configure 1 4 2 9 3 1 Phone field Edit Dial in User 6 4 Phone Number field Modem Setup menu 3 7 Ping Host test 9 8 Ping utility 10 2 port locations 2 7 MGR 2 7 serial connecting 2 9 Port destination field TCP IP Filter Rule menu 8 5 Port source field TCP IP Filter Rule menu 8 5 Port Comp destinat...

Page 117: ...rnet Setup menu 3 11 Remote Node Network Options 7 4 Romdhcp 10 6 Romfile0 10 6 Route Name field Edit IP Static Route menu 7 5 router concepts 1 5 router connecting 2 5 Routing Information Protocol See RIP RX Pkts field System Maintenance Status menu 9 2 S Script Options display 5 5 script options editing 5 5 Secondary DNS Server field Ethernet Setup menu 3 10 security 1 2 1 4 serial cable 2 7 ser...

Page 118: ...2 Remote Node Profile menu 5 3 telephone line checklist 2 2 Telnet session connecting to manager interface 2 9 terminal baud rate 9 3 Total Outcall Time field System Maintenance Status menu 9 2 trace display 9 7 trace tools 9 3 troubleshooting 10 1 TX Pkts field System Maintenance Status menu 9 2 U UNIX system using to configure 1 4 2 9 3 1 User Name field Edit Dial in User 6 4 V Value field Gener...

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