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Chapter 3

Signal Connections

© National Instruments Corporation

3-7

AT-MIO-16 User Manual

Differential Connection Considerations (DIFF Configuration)

Differential connections are those in which each AT-MIO-16 analog input signal has its own
reference signal or signal return path. These connections are available when the AT-MIO-16 is
configured in the DIFF mode. Each input signal is tied to the positive input of the
instrumentation amplifier. The reference signal, or return, is tied to the negative input of the
instrumentation amplifier.

When the AT-MIO-16 is configured for DIFF input, each signal uses two of the multiplexer
inputs–one for the signal and one for its reference signal. Therefore, only eight analog input
channels are available when using the DIFF configuration. Use the DIFF input configuration
when any of the following conditions are present:

•

Input signals are low level (less than 1 V).

•

Leads connecting the signals to the AT-MIO-16 are greater than 15 ft.

•

Any of the input signals requires a separate ground-reference point or return signal.

•

The signal leads travel through noisy environments.

Differential signal connections reduce picked-up noise, increase common-mode signal and noise
rejection, and cause input signals to float within the common-mode limits of the input
instrumentation amplifier.

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Summary of Contents for AT-MIO-16

Page 1: ... Copyright 1992 1995 National Instruments Corporation All Rights Reserved AT MIO 16 User Manual Multifunction I O Board for the PC AT February 1995 Edition Part Number 320476 01 ...

Page 2: ...tria 0662 435986 Belgium 02 757 00 20 Canada Ontario 519 622 9310 Canada Québec 514 694 8521 Denmark 45 76 26 00 Finland 90 527 2321 France 1 48 14 24 24 Germany 089 741 31 30 Italy 02 48301892 Japan 03 3788 1921 Mexico 95 800 010 0793 Netherlands 03480 33466 Norway 32 84 84 00 Singapore 2265886 Spain 91 640 0085 Sweden 08 730 49 70 Switzerland 056 20 51 51 Taiwan 02 377 1200 U K 0635 523545 ...

Page 3: ... for any damages arising out of or related to this document or the information contained in it EXCEPT AS SPECIFIED HEREIN NATIONAL INSTRUMENTS MAKES NO WARRANTIES EXPRESS OR IMPLIED AND SPECIFICALLY DISCLAIMS ANY WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE CUSTOMER S RIGHT TO RECOVER DAMAGES CAUSED BY FAULT OR NEGLIGENCE ON THE PART OF NATIONAL INSTRUMENTS SHALL BE LIMITED TO T...

Page 4: ...r or application designer Any use or application of National Instruments products for or involving medical or clinical treatment must be performed by properly trained and qualified medical personnel and all traditional medical safeguards equipment and procedures that are appropriate in the particular situation to prevent serious injury or death should always continue to be used when National Instr...

Page 5: ...2 1 Board Configuration 2 1 AT Bus Interface 2 1 Base I O Address Selection 2 3 DMA Channel Selection 2 4 Interrupt Selection 2 5 Analog I O Configuration 2 6 Analog Input Configuration 2 8 Input Mode 2 9 DIFF Input Eight Channels Factory Setting 2 9 RSE Input 16 Channels 2 9 NRSE Input 16 Channels 2 10 Analog Input Polarity and Range 2 10 Considerations for Selecting Input Ranges 2 11 Analog Outp...

Page 6: ... 3 15 Power Connections 3 16 Timing Connections 3 16 Data Acquisition Timing Connections 3 16 General Purpose Timing Signal Connections 3 19 Cabling and Field Wiring 3 25 Field Wiring Considerations 3 25 Cabling Considerations 3 26 Chapter 4 Calibration Procedures 4 1 Calibration Equipment Requirements 4 1 Calibration Trimpots 4 2 Analog Input Calibration 4 3 Board Configuration 4 4 Bipolar Input ...

Page 7: ...put Connections for Grounded Signal Sources 3 8 Figure 3 4 Differential Input Connections for Floating Signal Sources 3 9 Figure 3 5 Single Ended Input Connections for Floating Signal Sources 3 10 Figure 3 6 Single Ended Input Connections for Grounded Signal Sources 3 11 Figure 3 7 Analog Output Connections 3 13 Figure 3 8 Digital I O Connections 3 14 Figure 3 9 RTSI Bus Interface Circuitry Block ...

Page 8: ...7 RSE Input Configuration 2 10 Table 2 8 NRSE Input Configuration 2 10 Table 2 9 Configurations for Input Range and Input Polarity 2 11 Table 2 10 Actual Range and Measurement Precision Versus Input Range Selection and Gain 2 12 Table 2 11 Internal and External Reference Selection 2 14 Table 2 12 Analog Output Polarity and Data Mode Configuration 2 15 Table 2 13 Output Range Selection and Precisio...

Page 9: ...oduction describes the AT MIO 16 lists the contents of your AT MIO 16 kit the optional software and optional equipment and explains how to unpack the AT MIO 16 Chapter 2 Configuration and Installation describes how to configure the AT MIO 16 jumpers and how to install the AT MIO 16 board into the PC Chapter 3 Signal Connections describes the signal connections to the AT MIO 16 board and cable wiri...

Page 10: ...r level programmer manual at no charge to customers who are not using National Instruments software AT MIO 16 Register Level Programmer Manual If you are using NI DAQ LabVIEW or LabWindows you should not need the register level programmer manual Using NI DAQ LabVIEW or LabWindows is quicker and easier than and as flexible as using the low level programming described in the register level programme...

Page 11: ... RTSI bus to solve this problem The RTSIbus consists of our custom RTSI bus interface chip and a ribbon cable to route timing and trigger signals between several functions on one or DAQ boards in your PC The AT MIO 16 can interface to the Signal Conditioning eXtensions for Instrumentation SCXI system so that you can acquire over 3 000 analog signals from thermocouples RTDs strain gauges voltage so...

Page 12: ...raphical data presentation LabVIEW currently runs on four different platforms AT MC EISA computers running Microsoft Windows NEC 9800 computers running Microsoft Windows the Macintosh platform and the Sun SPARCstation platform LabVIEW features interactive graphics a state of the art user interface and a powerful graphical programming language The LabVIEW Data Acquisition VI Library a series of VIs...

Page 13: ...eak performance up to 500 kS s on ISA computers and up to 1 MS s on EISA computers NI DAQ includes a Buffer and Data Manager that uses sophisticated techniques for handling and managing data acquisition buffers so that you can simultaneously acquire and process data NI DAQ functions for the AT MIO 16 can transfer data using interrupts or software polling With the NI DAQ Resource Manager you can si...

Page 14: ...Pascal Turbo C Borland C Microsoft Visual C and Microsoft C for DOS and Visual Basic Turbo Pascal Microsoft C with SDK Microsoft Visual C and Borland C for Windows and Microsoft Visual C for Windows NT You can use your AT MIO 16 together with other PC AT MC EISA DAQCard and DAQPad Series DAQ and SCXI hardware with NI DAQ software for PC compatibles The National Instruments NB Series DAQ boards are...

Page 15: ... NI DAQ LabVIEW or LabWindows If you are using NI DAQ LabVIEW or LabWindows to control your board you should not need the register level programmer manual The AT MIO 16 Register Level Programmer Manual contains low level programming details such as register maps bit descriptions and register programming hints that you will need only for register level programming If you want to obtain the register...

Page 16: ... Am9513A counter timer uses and selects the clock pin on the RTSI bus Jumpers W12 and W13 select the DMA channel and the interrupt level respectively AT Bus Interface The AT MIO 16 is configured at the factory to a base I O address of hex 220 to use DMA channels 6 and 7 and to use interrupt level 10 These settings as shown in Table 2 1 are suitable for most systems If your system however has other...

Page 17: ......

Page 18: ... installed in your computer does not already occupy the AT MIO 16 address space If any equipment in your computer uses this base I O address space you must change the base I O address of either the AT MIO 16 or that of the other device If you change the AT MIO 16 base I O address you must make a corresponding change to any software you use with the AT MIO 16 For more information about the I O addr...

Page 19: ...computer does not also use these DMA channels If any device uses DMA channel 6 or 7 change or disable the DMA channel or channels of either the AT MIO 16 or the other device The AT MIO 16 hardware supports DMA channels 5 6 and 7 Notice that these are the three 16 bit channels on the PC AT I O channel The AT MIO 16 does not use and cannot be configured to use the 8 bit DMA channels on the PC AT I O...

Page 20: ...per on one of the double rows of pins located above the I O slot edge connector on the AT MIO 16 refer to Figure 2 1 To use the AT MIO 16 interrupt capability you must select an interrupt line and place the jumper in the appropriate position to enable that particular interrupt line as shown in Table 2 4 Table 2 4 Interrupt Jumper Settings Interrupt Jumper Setting IRQ10 Factory Setting Interrupt Ju...

Page 21: ...d to Chapter 3 Signal Connections Table 2 5 Analog I O Jumper Settings Quick Reference Circuitry Configuration Jumper Settings ADC input mode Differential DIFF factory setting W6 H F D B G E C A W9 DIFF SE W9 W6 Referenced single ended RSE W6 W9 DIFF SE H F D B G E C A Nonreferenced single ended NRSE W6 W9 DIFF SE H F D B G E C A ADC input polarity and range Bipolar 10 V factory setting W1 20 V 10...

Page 22: ...ode factory setting 2SC W8 B U DAC0 W10 BIN DAC0 W10 W8 Unipolar Straight binary mode W8 B U DAC0 W10 2SC BIN DAC0 DAC1 output polarity digital format Bipolar Two s complement mode factory setting 2SC W7 B U DAC1 W11 BIN DAC1 W11 W7 Unipolar Straight binary mode W7 B U DAC1 W11 2SC BIN DAC1 Am9513A and RTSI bus clock selection AT MIO 16 clock signal 10 MHz factory setting W5 BRD BRD NC RTSI 10 MHz...

Page 23: ... Mux 0 ACH0 ACH1 ACH2 ACH3 ACH4 ACH5 ACH6 ACH7 ACH8 ACH9 ACH10 ACH11 ACH12 ACH13 ACH14 ACH15 SCANCLK Start Trigger External Convert Stop Trigger CONVERT LASTONE MA3 MA2 MA1 MA0 Counter Timer Signals MUXCTRCLK 4 4 Data MUXCTRWR 6 Data MUXGAINWR CONV A V AIL A D RD 12 Data 12 A D Data Sign Exten sion A D RD 4 Data 10 V 20 V Selection W1 MUX0OUT MUX0EN MUX1OUT MUX1EN AISENSE SCANCLK STOPTRIG EXTCONV ...

Page 24: ...ls Factory Setting DIFF input means that each input signal has its own reference and the difference between each signal and its reference is measured The signal and its reference are each assigned an input channel With this input configuration the AT MIO 16 can monitor eight different analog input signals You select the DIFF input configuration by setting jumpers W6 and W9 shown in Table 2 6 Table...

Page 25: ...pes of Signal Sources section in Chapter 3 Signal Connections for more information With this input configuration the AT MIO 16 can measure 16 different analog input signals You select the NRSE input configuration by setting jumpers W6 and W9 as shown in Table 2 8 Table 2 8 NRSE Input Configuration Jumper Settings Description W6 H F D B G E C A AISENSE is tied to the negative input of the instrumen...

Page 26: ... 2 048 to 2 047 Considerations for Selecting Input Ranges Input polarity range selection depends on the expected input range of the incoming signal A large input range can accommodate a large signal variation but sacrifices voltage resolution Choosing a smaller input range increases voltage resolution but may cause the input signal to go out of range For best results match the input range as close...

Page 27: ...V 70 kHz 500 0 mV to 20 mV 4 88 µV 20 kHz 5 to 5 V 1 5 to 5 V 2 44 mV 100 kHz H 2 2 5 to 2 5 V 1 22 mV 100 kHz 4 1 25 to 1 25 V 610 µV 100 kHz 8 0 625 to 0 625 V 305 µV 100 kHz 1 5 to 5 V 2 44 mV 100 kHz L 10 0 5 to 0 5 V 244 µV 100 kHz 100 50 mV to 50 mV 24 4 µV 70 kHz 500 10 mV to 10 mV 4 88 µV 20 kHz 10 to 10 V 1 10 to 10 V 4 88 mV 100 kHz H 2 5 to 5 V 2 44 mV 100 kHz 4 2 5 to 2 5 V 1 22 mV 100...

Page 28: ...AT MIO 16 internal reference of 10 V or to the external reference signal connected to the EXTREF pin on the I O connector This signal applied to EXTREF must be between 10 V and 10 V Both channels need not be configured the same way When you select the external reference jumper setting the voltage at EXTREF on the I O connector is connected to the DAC reference input When you select the internal re...

Page 29: ...xternally supplied reference between 10 V and 10 V Both channels need not be configured the same way however at the factory both channels are configured for bipolar output Analog Output Data Coding You must select whether to write to the DAC in straight binary format or two s complement format In two s complement mode data values written to the analog output channel range from 2 048 to 2 047 decim...

Page 30: ...ight binary W11 2SC BIN DAC1 Table 2 13 Output Range Selection and Precision Polarity Output Range Precision Unipolar 0 10 V 2 44 mV Bipolar 10 10 V 4 88 mV Note If you are using software such as LabVIEW LabWindows or NI DAQ you may need to reconfigure your software to reflect any changes in jumper or switch settings Digital I O Configuration The AT MIO 16 provides eight digital I O lines These li...

Page 31: ...tal output values for both ports 0 and 1 When port 0 is enabled bits 3 0 in the Digital Output Register are driven onto digital output lines ADIO 3 0 When port 1 is enabled bits 7 4 in the Digital Output Register are driven onto digital output lines BDIO 3 0 Reading the Digital Input Register returns the state of the digital I O lines Digital I O lines ADIO 3 0 are connected to bits 3 0 of the Dig...

Page 32: ...ource The jumper selections are shown in Table 2 14 Table 2 14 Configurations for RTSI Bus Clock Selection Local Clock Slave Clock Master Clock Use the local oscillator as the board clock factory setting Receive the RTSI bus clock signal Drive the RTSI bus clock and the board clock signal with the local oscillator W5 BRD BRD NC RTSI 10 MHz NC W5 BRD BRD NC RTSI 10 MHz NC W5 BRD BRD NC RTSI 10 MHz ...

Page 33: ...are using NI DAQ refer to the NI DAQ Software Reference Manual for PC Compatibles The software installation and configuration instructions are in Chapter 1 Introduction to NI DAQ Find the installation and system configuration section for your operating system and follow the instructions given there If you are using LabVIEW the software installation instructions are in your LabVIEW release notes Af...

Page 34: ...located on the back panel of the AT MIO 16 board and is accessible at the rear of the computer after the board has been properly installed Warning Connections that exceed any of the maximum ratings of input or output signals on the AT MIO 16 can damage the AT MIO 16 board and the PC AT The description of each signal in this section includes information about maximum input ratings National Instrume...

Page 35: ... 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 BDIO0 DIGGND AIGND ACH0 ACH1 ACH2 ACH3 ACH4 ACH5 ACH6 ACH7 AISENSE ADIO0 ADIO1 ADIO2 DIGGND STOPTRIG OUT1 GATE5 AIGND ACH8 ACH9 AOGND ADIO3 5 V GATE2 OUT5 EXTREF BDIO3 5 V GATE1 OUT2 FOUT EXTSTROBE DAC1OUT SOURCE1 SOURCE5 ACH10 ACH11 ACH12 ACH13 ACH14 ACH15 DAC0OUT BDIO1 SCANCLK STARTRIG EXTCONV SOURCE2 BDIO2 Figure 3 1 AT MIO 16 I O Connector Pin Assignments ...

Page 36: ...in supplies the reference for the digital signals at the I O connector as well as the 5 VDC supply 25 27 29 31 ADIO 0 3 DIGGND Digital I O port A signals 26 28 30 32 BDIO 0 3 DIGGND Digital I O port B signals 34 35 5 V DIGGND 5 VDC Source This pin is fused for up to 1 A of 5 V supply 36 SCANCLK DIGGND Scan Clock This pin pulses once for each A D conversion in the scanning modes The low to high edg...

Page 37: ... a general analog power ground tie point to the AT MIO 16 if necessary Pin 19 is the AISENSE pin In single ended mode this pin is connected internally to the negative input of the AT MIO 16 instrumentation amplifier In DIFF mode this signal is connected to the reference ground at the output of the instrumentation amplifier Pins 3 through 18 are the ACH 15 0 signal pins These pins are tied to the 1...

Page 38: ...ive inputs of the instrumentation amplifier through input multiplexers on the AT MIO 16 The instrumentation amplifier converts two input signals to a signal that is the difference between the two input signals multiplied by the gain setting of the amplifier The amplifier output voltage is referenced to the AT MIO 16 ground The AT MIO 16 ADC measures this output voltage when it performs A D convers...

Page 39: ...onisolated outputs of instruments and devices that plug into the building power system fall into this category The difference in ground potential between two instruments connected to the same building power system is typically between 1 mV and 100 mV but can be much higher if power distribution circuits are not properly connected If grounded signal source is measured improperly this difference may...

Page 40: ... is configured for DIFF input each signal uses two of the multiplexer inputs one for the signal and one for its reference signal Therefore only eight analog input channels are available when using the DIFF configuration Use the DIFF input configuration when any of the following conditions are present Input signals are low level less than 1 V Leads connecting the signals to the AT MIO 16 are greate...

Page 41: ...fier Vm Measured Voltage AIGND Vs V cm I O Connector AT MIO 16 Board in DIFF Configuration 3 5 7 17 4 6 8 18 19 1 2 ACH 0 7 ACH 8 15 Figure 3 3 Differential Input Connections for Grounded Signal Sources With this type of connection the instrumentation amplifier rejects both the common mode noise in the signal and the ground potential difference between the signal source and the AT MIO 16 ground sh...

Page 42: ...esistors from 10 kΩ to 100 kΩ are used A resistor from each input to ground as shown in Figure 3 4 produces bias current return paths for an AC coupled input signal This solution although necessary for AC coupled signals lowers the input impedance of the analog input channel In addition the input offset current of the instrumentation amplifier contributes a DC offset voltage at the input The ampli...

Page 43: ...umper configure the AT MIO 16 for two different types of single ended connections RSE configuration and NRSE configuration The RSE configuration is for floating signal sources in this case the AT MIO 16 produces the reference ground point for the external signal The NRSE configuration is for ground referenced signal sources in this case the external signal supplies its own reference ground point a...

Page 44: ... this difference in ground potentials appears as an error in the measured voltage Figure 3 6 shows how to connect a grounded signal source to an AT MIO 16 board in the NRSE configuration Configuration instructions are included in the Analog Input Configuration section of Chapter 2 Configuration and Installation Vs Vm Measured Voltage Ground Referenced Signal Source ACH 0 15 Input Multiplexer AIGND...

Page 45: ...V in is the signal at the positive input of the instrumentation amplifier and V in is the signal at the negative input of the instrumentation amplifier If the input signal common mode range exceeds 7 V with respect to the AT MIO 16 ground you must limit the amount of floating that occurs between the signal ground and the AT MIO 16 ground Analog Output Signal Connections Pins 20 through 23 of the I...

Page 46: ...AT MIO 16 Board Figure 3 7 Analog Output Connections The external reference signal can be either a DC or an AC signal This reference signal is multiplied by the DAC code to generate the output voltage The DACs in the analog output channels are rated for 82 dB THD with a 1 kHz 6 Vrms sine wave reference signal and with the DACs set at their maximum full scale digital value Digital I O Signal Connec...

Page 47: ...t current load logic low input voltage 20 µA max Digital output specifications referenced to DIGGND VOH output logic high voltage 2 4 V min VOL output logic low voltage 0 5 V max IOH output source current logic high 2 6 mA max IOH output sink current logic low 24 mA max With these specifications each digital output line can drive 11 standard TTL loads and over 50 LS TTL loads Figure 3 8 depicts si...

Page 48: ...eral purpose timing I O functions An onboard oscillator generates the 10 MHz clock RTSI Bus Signal Connections The AT MIO 16 is interfaced to the National Instrument RTSI bus The RTSI bus has seven trigger lines and a system clock line You can wire any National Instruments AT Series boards that have a RTSI bus connector together inside the PC AT and share these signals Figure 3 9 is a block diagra...

Page 49: ...nnected to the RTSI bus Power Connections Pins 34 and 35 of the I O connector supply 5 V from the PC AT power supply These pins are referenced to DIGGND and you can use them to power the external digital circuitry Power rating 0 5 A at 5 V 10 Warning These 5 V power pins should NOT be directly connected to analog or digital ground or to any other voltage source on the AT MIO 16 or any other device...

Page 50: ...e low pulse to the EXTCONV signal initiates an A D conversion The low to high edge of the applied pulse initiates the A D conversion Figure 3 11 shows the timing requirements for the EXTCONV signal tw 50 ns minimum A D conversion starts within 250 ns from this point VIL V IH tw tw Figure 3 11 EXTCONV Signal Timing The minimum allowed pulse width is 50 ns An A D conversion starts within 250 ns of t...

Page 51: ...irst A D conversion starts within one sample interval from the high to low edge Counter 3 controls the sample interval There is no maximum pulse width limitation however STARTTRIG should be high for at least 50 ns before going low The STARTTRIG signal is one LS TTL load and is pulled up to 5 V through a 4 7 kΩ resistor The STOPTRIG pin is used during AT MIO 16 pretriggered data acquisition operati...

Page 52: ...UXCTRCLK Data Acquisition Timing SOURCE4 SOURCE3 OUT1 OUT3 OUT4 OUT5 GATE3 Am9513A 5 Channel Counter Timer 10 GATE5 SOURCE5 OUT5 GATE2 SOURCE2 OUT2 GATE1 SOURCE1 OUT1 FOUT I O Connector STOPTRIG Flip Flop GATE4 PC AT I O Channel 10 MHz MYCLK Figure 3 14 Timing I O Circuitry Block Diagram The Am9513A contains five independent 16 bit counter timers a 4 bit frequency output channel and five internall...

Page 53: ...ou can gate counter operation When you have configured a counter for an operation through software a signal at the GATE input can start and stop counter operation The Am9513A has five gating modes no gating level gating active high level gating active low low to high edge gating and high to low edge gating A counter can also be active high level gated by a signal at GATE N 1 and GATE N 1 where N i...

Page 54: ... Signals generated at OUT3 and OUT4 are passed to the data acquisition timing circuitry The data acquisition timing circuitry controls GATE3 Counter 5 is sometimes used by the data acquisition timing circuitry and concatenated with counter 4 to form a 32 bit sample counter The SCANCLK signal is connected to the SOURCE3 input of the Am9513A and OUT1 is sent to the data acquisition timing circuitry ...

Page 55: ...rogram a counter to be edge gated Apply an edge to the counter GATE input to start the counter You can program the counter to start counting after receiving either a high to low edge or a low to high edge If the counter is programmed to count an internal timebase the time lapse since receiving the edge is equal to the counter value multiplied by the timebase period To measure frequency program a c...

Page 56: ...nter for most counting applications The GATE SOURCE and OUT signals for counters 1 2 and 5 and the FOUT output signal are tied directly from the Am9513A input and output pins to the I O connector In addition the GATE SOURCE and OUT1 pins are pulled up to 5 V through a 4 7 kΩ resistor The following input and output ratings and timing specifications apply to the Am9513A signals Absolute maximum volt...

Page 57: ...tions for the OUT output signals of the Am9513A SOURCE V IH VIL V IH V IL tsc tsp tsp tgsu tgh tgw GATE tout OUT V OH V OL sc t t t t t t 145 ns minimum sp 70 ns minimum gsu 100 ns minimum gh 10 ns minimum gw 145 ns minimum out 300 ns maximum Figure 3 18 General Purpose Timing Signals The GATE and OUT signal transitions in Figure 3 18 are referenced to the rising edge of the SOURCE signal This tim...

Page 58: ...either high or low at least 100 ns before the rising or falling edge of a source signal for the gate to take effect at that source edge as shown by tgsu and tgh in Figure 3 18 Similarly the gate signal must be held for at least 10 ns after the rising or falling edge of a source signal for the gate to take effect at that source edge The gate high or low period must be at least 145 ns in duration If...

Page 59: ...able distance if they run in parallel or run the lines at right angles to each other Do not run the AT MIO 16 signal lines through conduits that also contain power lines To protect the AT MIO 16 signal lines from magnetic fields caused by electric motors welding equipment breakers or transformers run the AT MIO 16 signal lines through special metal conduits Cabling Considerations National Instrume...

Page 60: ... ribbon cables that work with these connectors Electronic Products Division 3M part number 3365 50 T B Ansley Corporation part number 171 50 In making your own cabling you may decide to shield your cables The following guidelines may help For the analog input signals shielded twisted pair wires for each analog input pair yield the best results assuming that you use differential inputs Tie the shie...

Page 61: ...O 16 board Calibration Equipment Requirements For best measurement results the AT MIO 16 needs to be calibrated so that its measurement accuracy is within 0 012 of its input range 1 2 LSB According to standard practice the equipment you use to calibrate the AT MIO 16 should be 10 times as accurate that is have 0 001 rated accuracy Practically speaking calibration equipment with four times the accu...

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Page 63: ...LSB to the analog input circuitry and adjust a trimpot until the ADC returns readings that flicker between its most negative count and the most negative count plus one The voltages corresponding to V fs and 1 LSB are given in Table 4 1 All the stages up to and including the input of the ADC contribute to the gain error of the analog input circuitry With the instrumentation amplifier set to a gain ...

Page 64: ...bration voltages between the channel 0 positive input and the ground system you are using refer to Chapter 2 Configuration and Installation for instructions on using single ended input connections Bipolar Input Calibration Procedure If your board is configured for bipolar input which provides the ranges 5 to 5 V or 10 to 10 V then complete the following procedure in the order given This procedure ...

Page 65: ...e calibration voltage source to AISENSE pin 19 b Take analog input readings from channel 0 at a gain of 1 and adjust trimpot R1 until the ADC readings flicker evenly between 2 046 and 2 047 Unipolar Input Calibration Procedure If your board is configured for unipolar input which provides an input range of 0 to 10 V then complete the following procedure in the order given This procedure assumes tha...

Page 66: ... the ADC readings flicker evenly between 4 094 and 4 095 Analog Output Calibration To null error sources that affect the accuracy of the output voltages generated you must calibrate the analog output circuitry by adjusting the following potential sources of error Analog output offset error Analog output gain error Offset error in the analog output circuitry is the total of the voltage offsets that...

Page 67: ...2 LSB Vextref 8 192 V fs 0 V V fs Vextref 1 LSB To calibrate to your own external reference you should write your own procedures using the following procedures as a guide Substitute your calculated voltages for those given Bipolar Output Calibration Procedure If your board is configured for bipolar output and two s complement mode which provides an output range of 10 to 10 V complete the following...

Page 68: ...nd AOGND pin 23 b Set the analog output channel to 9 99512 V by writing 2 047 to the DAC c Adjust trimpot R5 until the output voltage read is 9 99512 V 2 44 mV that is between 9 99268 V and 9 99756 V For analog output channel 1 a Connect the voltmeter between DAC1OUT pin 21 on the I O connector and AOGND pin 23 b Set the analog output channel to 9 99512 V by writing 2 047 to the DAC c Adjust trimp...

Page 69: ...To adjust the analog output gain measure the output voltage generated with the DAC set at positive full scale 4 095 This output voltage should be V fs 1 2 LSB For unipolar output V fs 9 99756 V and 1 2 LSB 1 22 mV For analog output channel 0 a Connect the voltmeter between DAC0OUT pin 20 on the I O connector and AOGND pin 23 b Set the analog output channel to 9 99756 V by writing 4 095 to the DAC ...

Page 70: ...mper Selectable 10 V 5 V 0 to 10 V 1 10 V 5 0 to 10 V 2 4 8 5 V 2 5 V 1 25 V 2 5 1 25 V 0 63 V 0 to 5 V 0 to 2 5 V 0 to 1 25 V AT MIO 16L and AT MIO 16DL Board Gain Software Selectable Board Range Jumper Selectable 10 V 5 V 0 to 10 V 1 10 V 5 0 to 10 V 10 100 500 1 V 0 1 V 0 02 V 0 5 0 05 V 0 01 V 0 to 1 V 0 to 0 1 V 0 to 0 02 V Input coupling DC Max working voltage signal common mode Each input s...

Page 71: ...racteristics Input impedance 1 GΩ in parallel with 50 pF Input bias current 25 nA Input offset current 15 nA CMRR Gain CMRR DC to 100 Hz 1 10 100 75 dB 95 dB 105 dB Dynamic Characteristics Bandwidth Small signal 3 dB 650 kHz gain 1 Settling time to full scale step Gain Accuracy 0 024 1 LSB 0 012 0 5 LSB 10 100 500 10 µs 14 µs 47 µs 10 µs 14 µs 50 µs System noise including quantization error Gain 2...

Page 72: ... LSB max Monotonicity 12 bits guaranteed Offset error After calibration 488 µV max Before calibration 64 mV max Gain error relative to internal reference After calibration 0 017 of reading 170 ppm max Before calibration 0 77 of reading 7 700 ppm max Voltage Output Ranges 10 V 0 10 V jumper selectable Output coupling DC Output impedance 0 2 Ω Current drive 2 mA max Protection Short circuit protecti...

Page 73: ...ower on state Configured as input Data transfers Programmed I O Timing I O Number of channels 3 counter timers 1 frequency scalers Resolution Counter timers 16 bits Frequency scalers 4 bits Compatibility TTL pulled high with 4 7 kΩ resistors Base clocks available 1 MHz 100 kHz 10 kHz 1 kHz 100 Hz Base clock accuracy 0 01 Max source frequency 6 897 MHz Min source pulse duration 70 ns Min gate pulse...

Page 74: ...6 User Manual Power Requirement 5 VDC 5 1 6 A Physical Dimensions 13 3 by 3 9 in 33 782 by 9 906 cm I O connector 50 pin male ribbon connector Form factor AT Environment Operating temperature 0 to 70 C Storage temperature 55 to 150 C Relative humidity 5 to 90 noncondensing ...

Page 75: ...onal Instruments Corporation B 1 AT MIO 16 User Manual Appendix B Revisions A through C Parts Locator Diagram This appendix contains the parts locator diagram for revisions A through C of the AT MIO 16 board ...

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Page 77: ...p m central time In other countries contact the nearest branch office You may fax questions to us at any time Corporate Headquarters 512 795 8248 Technical support fax 800 328 2203 512 794 5678 Branch Offices Phone Number Fax Number Australia 03 879 9422 03 879 9179 Austria 0662 435986 0662 437010 19 Belgium 02 757 00 20 02 757 03 11 Denmark 45 76 26 00 45 76 71 11 Finland 90 527 2321 90 502 2930 ...

Page 78: ...ficiently If you are using any National Instruments hardware or software products related to this problem include the configuration forms from their user manuals Include additional pages if necessary Name Company Address Fax Phone Computer brand Model Processor Operating system Speed MHz RAM MB Display adapter Mouse yes no Other adapters installed Hard disk capacity MB Brand Instruments used Natio...

Page 79: ...ting hex 0220 _____________________________________________ Programming Choice NI DAQ LabVIEW LabWindows or other _____________________________________________ Software Version _____________________________________________ Other Products Computer Make and Model _____________________________________________ Microprocessor _____________________________________________ Clock Frequency _______________...

Page 80: ...er 320476 01 Please comment on the completeness clarity and organization of the manual If you find errors in the manual please record the page numbers and describe the errors Thank you for your help Name Title Company Address Phone Mail to Technical Publications Department Fax to Technical Publications Department National Instruments Corporation National Instruments Corporation 6504 Bridge Point P...

Page 81: ...er level programmer manual Check all that apply National Instruments does not support your operating system or programming language You are an experienced register level programmer who is more comfortable writing your own register level software Other Please explain Thank you for your help Name Title Company Address Phone Mail to Data Entry Department Fax to Data Entry Department National Instrume...

Page 82: ...es AC alternating current ACH analog input channel signal A D analog to digital ADC A D converter ADIO digital input output port A signal AIGND analog input ground signal AISENSE analog input sense signal ANSI American National Standards Institute AOGND analog output ground signal AWG American Wire Gauge BDIO digital input output port B signal C Celsius CMRR common mode rejection ratio CVI C Virtu...

Page 83: ...IOL current output low LED light emitting diode LS low power Schottky LSB least significant bit max maximum min minimum MSB most significant bit mux multiplexer NRSE nonreferenced single ended mode Ω ohms OUT output PC personal computer ppm parts per million rms root mean square RSE referenced single ended mode RTSI Real Time System Integration RTSICLK Real Time System Integration clock s seconds ...

Page 84: ...ation Glossary 3 LabWindows User Manual VDC volts direct current Vfs output offset voltage VIH volts input high VIL volts input low Vin volts in VOH volts output high VOL volts output low Vref reference voltage Vrms volts root mean square ...

Page 85: ...istics A 1 stability A 2 transfer characteristics A 1 analog output calibration 4 6 to 4 9 bipolar output calibration procedure 4 7 to 4 8 board configuration 4 7 unipolar output calibration procedure 4 8 to 4 9 analog output configuration 2 12 to 2 15 circuitry block diagram 2 13 data coding 2 14 data mode table 2 15 output range selection and precision table 2 15 jumper settings quick reference ...

Page 86: ...ation procedure 4 7 to 4 8 board configuration 4 7 unipolar output calibration procedure 4 8 to 4 9 equipment requirements 4 1 trimpots 4 2 common mode signal rejection considerations 3 11 to 3 12 configuration See also installation jumper settings signal connections analog input configuration 2 8 to 2 12 data acquisition circuitry block diagram 2 8 DIFF differential input 2 9 input mode 2 9 input...

Page 87: ... floating signal sources 3 8 to 3 9 general considerations 3 7 ground referenced signal sources 3 8 differential input configuration 2 9 definition 2 9 DIGGND signal 3 3 3 13 digital I O configuration 2 15 to 2 16 signal connections 3 13 to 3 15 specifications A 4 DMA channel configuration 2 4 to 2 5 factory default settings table 2 1 jumper settings table 2 5 documentation conventions used in the...

Page 88: ...input polarity configuring See polarity configuration installation See also configuration hardware installation 2 17 to 2 18 unpacking the AT MIO 16 1 5 instrumentation amplifier 3 5 to 3 6 internal reference selection table 2 14 interrupts configuration 2 5 factory default settings table 2 1 jumper settings table 2 5 I O connector pin assignments 3 1 to 3 2 signal description 3 3 to 3 4 J jumper ...

Page 89: ...ange selection and gain table 2 12 considerations for selecting 2 11 to 2 12 jumper settings table 2 11 output polarity 2 14 jumper settings table 2 15 output range and precision table 2 15 power connections 3 16 power requirement specifications A 5 programming register level 1 5 See also software for AT MIO 16 board pulse width measurement 3 22 pulses producing 3 21 R referenced single ended RSE ...

Page 90: ...rd LabVIEW and LabWindows 1 2 to 1 3 NI DAQ driver software 1 3 to 1 4 register level programming 1 5 SOURCE OUT and GATE timing signals 3 19 to 3 25 SOURCE1 signal 3 4 SOURCE2 signal 3 4 SOURCE3 signal 3 21 SOURCE5 signal 3 4 3 16 3 21 specifications analog input A 1 to A 2 analog output A 3 bus interface A 4 digital I O A 4 environment A 5 physical A 5 power requirement A 5 RTSI trigger lines A ...

Page 91: ... 3 24 timing signals 3 19 to 3 25 pins for 3 16 timing I O signals 3 15 timing I O specifications A 4 trigger specifications A 4 two s complement mode table 2 15 U unipolar input calibration procedure 4 5 to 4 6 configuration 2 10 to 2 11 unipolar output calibration procedure 4 8 to 4 9 configuration 2 14 to 2 15 unpacking the AT MIO 16 1 5 ...

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