35
HYPOTHERMIA
Prolonged exposure to cold water causes a condition known as
hypothermia – a substantial loss of body heat which leads to
exhaustion and unconsciousness. Most drowning victims first suffer
from hypothermia.
The following chart shows the effects of hypothermia:
HOW HYPOTHERMIA AFFECTS MOST ADULTS
Water Temperature
˚C (˚F)
Exhaustion or
Unconsciousness
Expected Time of
Survival
0.3 (32.5)
Under 15 min.
Under 15–45 min.
0.3–4 (32.5–40)
15–30 min.
30–90 min.
4–10 (40–50)
30–60 min.
1–3 hrs
10–16 (50–60)
1–2 hrs.
1–6 hrs.
16–21 (60–70)
2–7 hrs.
2–40 hrs.
21–27 (70–80)
2–12 hrs.
3 hrs. to Indefinite
over 27 (over 80)
Indefinite
Indefinite
PFDs can increase survival time because they allow you to float
without using energy treading water and because of their insulating
properties. Naturally, the warmer the water, the less insulation you
will require. When operating in cold waters [below 60°F (15.6°C)] you
should consider using a coat or jacket style PFD or a Type V Thermal
Protective PFD as they cover more of the body than the vest or belt
style PFDs.
Some points to remember about hypothermia protection:
1. Always wear your PFD. Even if you become incapacitated
due to hypothermia, the PFD will keep you afloat and greatly
improve your chances of rescue.
2. Do not attempt to swim unless it is to reach a nearby craft,
fellow survivor, or a floating object on which you can lean or
climb. Swimming increases the rate of body heat loss. In cold
water, drown-proofing methods that require putting your
head in the water are not recommended. Keep your head out
of the water. This will greatly lessen heat loss and increase
your survival time.
Summary of Contents for EP 38
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