ULTRAFLO 2000
INSTALLATION & OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS
24
Solid Sound Speeds
1. Use Shear Wave for ‘A’ & ‘B’ Transducers
2. Use Long Wave for ‘C’ & ‘D’ Transducers
Material
Shear Wave m/s
Long Wave m/s
Steel 1% Carbon (hardened)
3150
5880
Carbon Steel
3230
5890
Mild Steel
3235
5890
Steel 1% Carbon
3220
302 - Stainless Steel
3120
5660
303 - Stainless Steel
3120
5660
304 - Stainless Steel
3075
316 - Stainless Steel
3175
5310
347 - Stainless Steel
3100
5740
410 - Stainless Steel
2990
5390
430 - Stainless Steel
3360
Aluminium 3100
6320
Aluminium (rolled)
3040
Copper
2260
4660
Copper (annealed)
2325
Copper (rolled)
2270
CuNi (70%Cu, 30%Ni)
2540
5030
CuNi (90%Cu, 10%Ni)
2060
4010
Brass (Naval)
2120
4430
Gold (hard-drawn)
1200
3240
Inconel 3020
5820
Iron (electrolytic)
3240
5900
Iron (Armco)
3240
5900
Ductile Iron
3000
4550
Cast Iron
2500
Monel
2720
5350
Nickel 2960
5630
Tin (rolled)
1670
3320
Titanium 3125
6100
Tungsten (annealed)
2890
5180
Tungsten (drawn)
2640
Tungsten (carbide)
3980
Zinc (rolled)
2440
4170
Glass (Pyrex)
3280
5610
Glass (heavy silicate flint)
2380
Glass (light borate crown)
2840
5260
Nylon 1150
2400
Nylon (6-6)
1070
Polyethylene (HD)
2310
Polyethylene (LD)
540
1940
PVC, cPVC
2400
Acrylic 1430
2730
Asbestos Cement
2200
Tar Epoxy
2000
Rubber
1900