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LeCroy WaveRunner XI Series, Operator'S Manual

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LeCroy WaveRunner XI Series Operator'S Manual Download Page 94

W

AVE

R

UNNER 

X

I 

S

ERIES 

 

 

94

 

 

WRXi-OM-E Rev C

 

 

 

pctl

 

Percentile

 

Definition: 

Computes the horizontal data value that separates the data in a histogram such that the 

Description:  

ined. Scanning from left to right, the population of 

qual or exceed `xx'% of the population 

eded for `xx'% population/total bin 

lation is then determin

r the bin. The horizontal value of the bin at that ratio point of its 

range is found, and returned as pctl. 

Example: 

  

  

 

 

The total population of a histogram is 100. The histogram range is divided into 20 bins and `xx' is 
set to 25%. The population sum at the sixth bin from the left is 22. The population of the seventh 
is 9 and its sub-range is 6.1 to 6.4 V. The ratio of counts needed for 25% population to total bin 
population is:  

•

 

3 counts needed / 9 counts = 1/3. 

The value for pctl is: 

•

 

6.1 volts + .33 * (6.4  6.1) volts = 6.2 volts. 

  

population on the left is a specified percentage `xx' of the total population. When the threshold is 
set to 50%, pctl is the same as hmedian.  

The total population of the histogram is determ
each bin is summed until a bin that causes the sum to e
value is encountered. A ratio of the number of counts ne
popu

ed fo

pks

 

Peaks

 

Definition:  

The number of peaks in a histogram.  

Description:  

  

The instrument analyzes histogram data to identify peaks from background noise and histogram 
binning artifacts such as small gaps.  

Peak identification is a 3-step process: 

ght of the histogram is calculated for all populated bins. A threshold (T1) is 

3.  Once T2 is defined, the histogram distribution is scanned from left to right. Any bin that 

crosses above T2 signifies the existence of a peak. Scanning continues to the right until one 
bin or more crosses below T2. However, if the bins cross below T2 for less than a hundredth 
of the histogram range, they are ignored, and scanning continues in search of peaks that 
cross under T2 for more than a hundredth of the histogram range. Scanning goes on over 
the remainder of the range to identify additional peaks. Additional peaks within a fiftieth of the 
range of the populated part of a bin from a previous peak are ignored. 

  

  

1.  The mean hei

calculated from this mean, where:  

T1= mean + 2 sqrt (mean). 

2.  A second threshold is determined based on all populated bins under T1 in height, where: 

T2 = mean + 2 * sigma, and where sigma is the standard deviation of all populated bins 
under T1. 

Note: 

If the number of bins is set too high, a histogram may have many small gaps. This 

increases sigma and, thereby, T2. In extreme cases, it can prevent determination of a peak, 
even if one appears to be present to the eye. 

Summary of Contents for WaveRunner XI Series

Page 1: ...WAVERUNNER XI SERIES OSCILLOSCOPES Operator s Manual OCTOBER 2008 ...

Page 2: ...eir respective holders Information in this publication supersedes all earlier versions Specifications subject to change without notice Manufactured under an ISO 9000 Registered Quality Management System Visit www lecroy com to view the certificate This electronic product is subject to disposal and recycling regulations that vary by country and region Many countries prohibit the disposal of waste e...

Page 3: ...Zoom Expansion Traces 18 Internal Waveform Memory 18 Setup Storage 18 Interface 19 Auxiliary Input 19 Auxiliary Output 19 Math Tools standard 19 Measure Tools standard 20 Pass Fail Testing 20 General 20 Warranty and Service 21 Environmental Characteristics 21 Certifications 21 CE Declaration of Conformity 21 Warranty 22 Windows License Agreement 23 End User License Agreement For LeCroy X Stream So...

Page 4: ...are 42 Restarting the Application 42 Restarting the Operating System 42 External Monitor 42 Monitor Hookup 43 Video Setup 43 Default Settings 44 Adding a New Option 44 Restoring Software 45 Restarting the Application 45 Restarting the Operating System 45 CONNECTING TO A SIGNAL 45 ProBus Interface 45 Auxiliary Output Signals 45 Auxiliary Output Setup 46 PROBES 46 Probe Compensation 48 SAMPLING MODE...

Page 5: ...ew 56 Channel Deskew Setup 56 TIMEBASE AND ACQUISITION SYSTEM 56 Timebase Setup and Control 56 Dual Channel Acquisition 56 Combining of Channels 56 Combining Channels 57 Autosetup 57 TRIGGERING 57 Trigger Setup Considerations 57 Trigger Modes 57 Trigger Types 57 Determining Trigger Level Slope Source and Coupling 59 Trigger Source 59 Level 60 Holdoff by Time or Events 60 Hold Off by Time 60 Hold O...

Page 6: ...Saving Oscilloscope Settings 80 Recalling Oscilloscope Settings 80 Recalling Default Settings 80 Saving Screen Images 80 Saving and Recalling Waveforms 81 Saving Waveforms 81 Recalling Waveforms 82 Disk Utilities 82 Deleting a Single File 82 Deleting All Files in a Folder 83 Creating a Folder 83 PRINTING AND FILE MANAGEMENT 83 Print Plot or Copy 83 Printing 83 Printer Setup 83 Printing 83 Adding P...

Page 7: ... 100 Status Symbols 101 Using X Stream Browser to Obtain Status Information 101 Statistics 102 Applying a Measure Mode 102 Measure Modes 102 Standard Vertical Parameters 103 Standard Horizontal Parameters 103 My Measure 103 Parameter Math WRXi XMATH or WRXi XMAP option required 103 Logarithmic Parameters 103 Parameter Script Parameter Math 104 Param Script vs P Script 104 Parameter Math Setup 105 ...

Page 8: ...Setup 135 Interpolation 135 Interpolation Setup 135 FFT 135 Why Use FFT 135 Power Density Spectrum 136 Memory for FFT 136 FFT Pitfalls to Avoid 136 Picket Fence and Scallop 136 Leakage 136 Choosing a Window 136 Improving Dynamic Range 137 Record Length 137 FFT Algorithms 138 FFT Glossary 139 FFT Setup 141 Setting Up an FFT 141 ANALYSIS 142 Pass Fail Testing 142 Comparing Parameters 142 Mask Tests ...

Page 9: ...Setting the Date and Time 162 Manually Setting the Date and Time 163 Setting the Date and Time from the Internet 163 Setting the Date and Time from Windows 163 Options 163 Preferences 164 Audible Feedback 164 Auto calibration 164 Offset Control 164 Delay Control 164 Trigger Counter 165 Performance Optimization 165 E mail 165 Acquisition Status 166 Service 166 Show Windows Desktop 166 Touch Screen ...

Page 10: ... Scripts in VBS 186 Loading and Saving VBScripts 187 The default parameter function script explanatory notes 190 Scripting with VBScript 191 Variable Types 191 Variable Names 191 Arithmetic Operators 192 Results of Calculations 193 Order of Calculations 193 VBS Controls 194 IF Then Else End If 194 Summary of If Then Else 196 Select Case 196 Summary of Select Case End Select 197 Do Loop 197 While W...

Page 11: ...17 Creating a CustomDSO Setup File 218 CustomDSO PlugIn Mode 219 Creating a CustomDSO PlugIn 219 Properties of the Control and its Objects 220 Removing a Plugin 222 First Example PlugIn Exchanging Two Traces on the Grids 222 Second Example PlugIn Log Log FFT Plot 225 Control Variables in CustomDSO 227 LABNOTEBOOK 227 Introduction to LabNotebook 227 Preferences 227 Miscellaneous Settings 227 Hardco...

Page 12: ...Index displays an alphabetical listing of keywords Search locates every occurrence of the keyword that you enter www LeCroy com connects you to LeCroy s Web site where you can find Lab Briefs Application Notes and other useful information This feature requires that the instrument be connected to the internet through the Ethernet port on the oscilloscope s rear panel Refer to Remote Communication f...

Page 13: ...instrument s performance within specifications have us calibrate it at least once a year LeCroy offers state of the art performance by continually refining and improving the instrument s capabilities and operation We frequently update both firmware and software during service free of charge during warranty You can also install new purchased software options in your oscilloscope yourself without ha...

Page 14: ...nner 204Xi 225 ps Bandwidth Limiters o Full o 200 MHz o 20 MHz Input Capacitance using PP008 probe 9 5 pF typical Input Capacitance of Channel 1 1 1 10 1 100 20 pF typical Input Impedance 1 Mohms 16 pF or 50 ohms WR104MXi WR104Xi WR204Xi 1 Mohms 20 pF or 50 ohms Input Coupling 50 ohms DC GND 1 Mohms AC DC GND Max Input Voltage 1 1 1 10 50 ohms 5 Vrms 1 microsecond pulse 50 duty cycle 10 Vpeak 1 Mo...

Page 15: ... 02 to 5 V div 100 mV 5 02 to 10 V div Offset Accuracy Fixed gain setting 2 V div 1 5 of offset value 0 5 of full scale value 1 mV Variable gain and settings 2 V div 1 5 of offset value 1 0 of full scale value 1 mV Probing System BNC or ProBus Horizontal System Timebases Internal timebase common to all input channels an external clock can be applied at the auxiliary input Time div Range Real time ...

Page 16: ...h 5 GS s WaveRunner 44Xi WaveRunner 64Xi WaveRunner 62Xi WaveRunner 104MXi Xi WaveRunner 204Xi All Channels 5 GS s 5 GS s 5 GS s 5 GS s 5 GS s Interleaved 5 GS s 10 GS s 10 GS s 10 GS s 10 GS s 2 Channel Max 10 GS s Maximum Acquisition Points Ch 2 Ch 4 Ch Standard 10M 20M VL Memory Option 12 5M 25M Random Interleaved Sampling RIS 200 GS s Trigger Rate 1 250 000 waveforms per second Acquisition Mod...

Page 17: ...n Width Triggers on positive or negative pulse widths selectable from 500 ps to 20 s or on intermittent faults subject to bandwidth limit of oscilloscope Pattern Logic combination AND NAND OR NOR of 5 inputs 4 channels and external trigger input 2 Ch EXT on WaveRunner 62Xi Each source can be high low or don t care The High and Low level can be selected independently Triggers at start or end of the...

Page 18: ... hours minutes and seconds displayed with waveform accurate to 50 ppm SNTP support to synchronize to precision internet clocks Number of Traces Maximum of eight traces simultaneously displays channel zoom memory and math traces Grid Styles Single Dual Quad Octal XY Single XY Dual XY Waveform Display Styles Sample dots joined or dots only Analog Persistence Display Analog and Color graded Persisten...

Page 19: ...l or control signals output from rear panel BNC Calibrator Signal 250 Hz to 1 MHz square wave or DC level 50 mV to 1 0 V selectable into 1 kohms Control Signals trigger enabled trigger out pass fail status or off Math Tools standard Display up to four math function traces F1 to F4 The easy to use graphical interface simplifies setup of up to two operations on each function trace Function traces ca...

Page 20: ...vel rms std deviation time level top width width negative x minimum x maximum Pass Fail Testing Test multiple parameters against selectable parameter limits at the same time Pass or fail conditions can initiate actions including document to local or networked files email the image of the failure save waveforms send a pulse out at the front panel auxiliary BNC output or with GPIB option send a GPIB...

Page 21: ...perating 12 192 m 40 000 ft RANDOM VIBRATION Operating 5 Hz to 500 Hz overall level 0 31 grms 15 minutes in each of 3 orthogonal axes Non operating 5 Hz to 500 Hz overall level 2 4 grms 15 minutes in each of 3 orthogonal axes SHOCK Functional Shock 20 g peak half sine 11 ms pulse 3 shocks positive and negative in each of 3 orthogonal axes 18 shocks total Certifications CE Compliant UL and cUL List...

Page 22: ...ystem reset Low Voltage Directive EN 61010 1 2001 Safety requirements for electrical equipment for measurement control and laboratory use The oscilloscope has been qualified to the following EN 61010 1 limits Installation Categories II Mains Supply Connector I Measuring Terminals Pollution Degree 2 Normally only dry non conductive pollution occurs Occasionally a temporary conductivity caused by co...

Page 23: ...TIONAL LICENSE TERMS YOU MAY NOT INSTALL COPY OR OTHERWISE USE SUCH UPDATES THE PARTIES CONFIRM THAT THIS AGREEMENT AND ALL RELATED DOCUMENTATION ARE AND WILL BE DRAFTED IN ENGLISH LES PARTIES AUX PRÉSENTÉS CONFIRMENT LEUR VOLONTÉ QUE CETTE CONVENTION DE MÊME QUE TOUS LES DOCUMENTS Y COMPRIS TOUT AVIS QUI S Y RATTACHÉ SOIENT REDIGÉS EN LANGUE ANGLAISE 1 GRANT OF LICENSE 1 1 License Grant Subject t...

Page 24: ...rade secrets in the Software Product or iii to otherwise circumvent any technological measure that controls access to the Software Product You may reverse engineer or otherwise circumvent the technological measures protecting the Software Product for the sole purpose of identifying and analyzing those elements that are necessary to achieve Interoperability the Permitted Objective only if A doing s...

Page 25: ...y the receiving party or destroy the same other than such Confidential Information as to which this EULA expressly provides a continuing right to the receiving party to retain at the time of the request Either party may only disclose the general nature but not the specific financial terms of this EULA without the prior consent of the other party provided either party may provide a copy of this EUL...

Page 26: ...ba Iran Iraq Libya North Korea Sudan and Syria or to any national of any such country wherever located who intends to transmit or transport the Restricted Components back to such country b to any end user who you know or have reason to know will utilize the Restricted Components in the design development or production of nuclear chemical or biological weapons or c to any end user who has been proh...

Page 27: ...or default of any provision of this EULA by you will be effective as to any other breach or default whether of the same or any other provision and whether occurring prior to concurrent with or subsequent to the date of such waiver If any provision of this EULA is declared by a court of competent jurisdiction to be invalid illegal or unenforceable such provision will be severed from this EULA and a...

Page 28: ...used to denote Alternating Current CAUTION The CAUTION sign indicates a potential hazard It calls attention to a procedure practice or condition which if not followed could possibly cause damage to equipment If a CAUTION is indicated do not proceed until its conditions are fully understood and met WARNING The WARNING sign indicates a potential hazard It calls attention to a procedure practice or c...

Page 29: ...ry conductivity caused by condensation must be expected Protection Class 1 refers to a grounded equipment in which protection against electric shock is achieved by Basic Insulation and by means of a connection to the protective ground conductor in the building wiring CAUTION Protect the DSO s display touch screen from excessive impacts with foreign objects CAUTION Do not exceed the maximum specifi...

Page 30: ...zard Any interruption of the protective conductor inside or outside of the DSO or disconnection of the safety ground terminal creates a hazardous situation Intentional interruption is prohibited The DSO should be positioned to allow easy access to the socket outlet To completely remove power to the DSO unplug the instrument s power cord from the AC outlet after the DSO is placed in Standby state I...

Page 31: ...trical shock unplug the power cord from the AC outlet before cleaning WARNING Electric Shock Hazard No operator serviceable parts inside Do not remove covers Refer servicing to qualified personnel Abnormal Conditions Operate the instrument only as intended by the manufacturer If you suspect the DSO s protection has been impaired disconnect the power cord and secure the instrument against any unint...

Page 32: ...the oscilloscope after a time out even if the trigger conditions are not met NORMAL Triggers the oscilloscope each time a signal is present that meets the conditions set for the type of trigger selected SINGLE Arms the oscilloscope to trigger once single shot acquisition when the input signal meets the trigger conditions set for the type of trigger selected If the oscilloscope is already armed it ...

Page 33: ... selected zoom trace on the display Unlike Offset the position is not calibrated to the 0 V reference ZOOM Adjusts the vertical zoom magnification factor of the selected zoom trace on the display INDICATOR LAMPS The three lamps at the bottom of the panel are lit according to the kind of trace you are zooming or whose position you are adjusting channel trace math trace or memory trace The exact tra...

Page 34: ... General Control Buttons AUTO SETUP Automatically sets the oscilloscope s horizontal timebase acquisition system vertical gain and offset as well as trigger conditions to display your signal TOUCH SCREEN Activates or deactivates the touch screen CLEAR SWEEPS Clears data from multiple sweeps acquisitions including persistence trace displays averaged traces parameter statistics and Histicons During ...

Page 35: ...ter the Autosetup front panel button is pressed and after a zoom If you want to undo these operations you must select Undo immediately after you perform the Autosetup or zoom i e there can be no intervening operations For common oscilloscope operations you will not need to use the menu bar since you can access most dialogs from the front panel or from the descriptor labels However it is the only w...

Page 36: ...u want to set delay Div to a fixed position on the grid and then have it stay fixed as the timebase changes go to Utilities Preferences Acquisition Post trigger Delay This is indicated by a left pointing arrow below left of the grid Pre trigger delay is indicated by a right pointing arrow below right of the grid Trigger Level This indicator is located at the right edge of the grid It tracks the tr...

Page 37: ...e indicators have a long and short form Besides channel traces math and memory trace labels are also displayed Labels are displayed only for traces that are turned on As a visual aid an active channel i e the one whose settings can be adjusted by the front panel knobs is displayed in solid color The title bar of the TimeBase label shows the trigger delay setting Time per division and sampling info...

Page 38: ...re menu You can then select a parameter from this menu without leaving the channel setup dialog The parameter automatically appears below the grid Creates a zoom trace of the channel trace whose dialog is currently displayed Calls up the Math menu You can then select a math function from this menu without leaving the channel setup dialog A math trace of the channel whose dialog is currently open i...

Page 39: ...tate a Waveform Touch the waveform you want to annotate then Set label in the pop up menu A dialog box opens in which to create the label If you are creating a label for the first time for this waveform Label1 is displayed with default text If you are modifying an existing label under Labels touch the label you want to change PLEASE NOTE THE FOLLOWING If the dialog for the trace you want to annota...

Page 40: ... SERIES 40 WRXi OM E Rev C You may place a label anywhere you want on the waveform Labels are numbered sequentially according to the order in which they are added and not according to their placement on the waveform ...

Page 41: ...nnel To turn on a math function trace touch Math in the menu bar then Math Setup in the drop down menu Touch the On checkbox for the trace you want to activate You can also quickly create traces and turn on the trace label for math functions and memory traces without leaving the Vertical Adjust dialog by touching the icons at the bottom of the Vertical Adjust dialog Whenever you turn on a channel ...

Page 42: ...he application and want to reload it touch the shortcut icon on the desktop If you minimize the application touch the desktop icon to maximize it Restarting the Operating System If you need to restart the Windows operating system you will have to reboot the oscilloscope by pressing the power switch then turning the power back on after a ten second wait External Monitor Your WaveRunner Xi Series os...

Page 43: ...ternal monitor as Monitor 4 From the Primary Device drop down menu select which monitor you want to be the primary display that is which will be the one to show the oscilloscope UI If the external monitor is considerably larger than the oscilloscope s monitor you may want to make it the primary device Whichever monitor is not selected as primary will automatically appear in the Secondary Device bo...

Page 44: ...n screen Recall Default button Adding a New Option To add a software option you need a key code to enable the option Call LeCroy Customer Support to place an order and receive the code Add the software option by doing the following 1 In the menu bar touch the button 2 In the dialog area touch the tab 3 Touch the button 4 Use the pop up keyboard to type the key code Touch O K on the keyboard to ent...

Page 45: ...o oscilloscope display ProBus allows you to control transparent gain and offset directly from your front panel It is particularly useful for voltage differential and current active probes It uploads gain and offset correction factors from the ProBus EPROMs and automatically compensates to achieve fully calibrated measurements This intelligent interconnection between your instrument and a wide rang...

Page 46: ... accessories The PP008 is designed for use with 600 MHz and lower LeCroy WaveRunner Xi series oscilloscopes Refer to the PP008 Instruction Manual LeCroy also offers a variety of passive and active probes for use with your WaveRunner Xi Series oscilloscope Visit www lecroy com for specifications and ordering information 46 WRXi OM E Rev C Current Probes Current Probes measure the current passing th...

Page 47: ...OPERATOR S MANUAL WRXi OM E Rev C 47 Probes ...

Page 48: ... an analog screen WaveStream mode operates at up to 10 GS s with an update rate up to 8000 waveforms second for better capture of higher frequency abnormal events Real Time Mode A single shot real time acquisition is a series of digitized voltage values sampled on the input signal at a uniform rate Sequence Mode In sequence mode the complete waveform consists of a number of fixed size segments acq...

Page 49: ...t allows you to see the waveform leading up to the point at which the trigger condition was met and the trigger occurred The instrument offers up to the maximum record length of points of pre trigger information Post trigger delay on the other hand allows you to sample the waveform starting at the equivalent of 10 000 divisions after the event occurred Because each instrument input channel has a d...

Page 50: ...n menu 2 Touch the Sequence mode button 3 Touch the Sequence tab Under Sequence Options touch inside the Num Segments field and enter the keypad 4 number of segments you want to display using the pop up Touch inside the Timeout field and enter a timeout value Note The timeout period accounts for instances when a Num Segments miscount occurs for some reason and the oscilloscope waits indefinitely f...

Page 51: ...ED MOSAIC TILED OVERLAY PERSPECTIVE The number of segments you choose to display 80 maximum can be less than the total number of segments in the waveform For example in the pop up images above the number of display segments is 10 but the total number of segments entered in the timebase dialog s Num Segments field is 100 WRXi OM E Rev C 51 ...

Page 52: ...imum single shot sampling rate It is used on repetitive waveforms with a stable trigger The maximum effective sampling rate of 50 GS s can be achieved with RIS by making 100 single shot acquisitions at 500 MS s The bins thus acquired are positioned approximately 20 ps apart The process of acquiring these bins and satisfying the time constraint is a random one The relative time between ADC sampling...

Page 53: ...er is updated as if new data is available This resets statistics on every step of Roll mode that is valid because of new data Note If the processing time is greater than the acquire time the data in memory gets overwritten In this case the instrument issues the warning Channel data is not continuous in ROLL mode and rolling will start over again VERTICAL SETTINGS AND CHANNEL CONTROLS Adjusting Sen...

Page 54: ...mode automatically switches from DC 50 to GROUND You will then have to manually reset the coupling to DC 50 ohms as described next Coupling Setup 1 In the menu bar touch the Vertical button then Channel X Setup in the drop down menu 2 Touch inside the Coupling field and select a coupling mode from the pop up menu Probe Attenuation Probe Attenuation Setup LeCroy s ProBus system automatically senses...

Page 55: ...on on the other hand is suitable for reconstructing curved or irregular waveshapes especially when the sample rate is 3 to 5 times the system bandwidth Interpolation Setup 1 Touch the button for the channel you want to set up for example 2 In the dialog area touch inside the Interpolation field under Pre Processing Pre Processing means before Math processing 3 Touch inside the Interpolation field ...

Page 56: ... timebase setups 1 Touch Timebase in the menu bar then Horizontal Setup in the drop down menu The Horizontal dialog appears 2 Touch inside the Time Division field and enter a value using the pop up numeric keypad or use the up down arrows to adjust the value 3 Touch inside the Delay field and type in a value using the pop up keypad Touch the Set To Zero button to set the delay to zero 4 Under Real...

Page 57: ...e other three modes Trigger Types The triggers available to you are defined as follows Edge A simple trigger Edge trigger is activated by basic waveform features or conditions such as positive or negative slope and holdoff Width Width trigger allows you to define a positive or negative going pulse width bounded by a voltage level above or below which a trigger will occur Or you can specify a pulse...

Page 58: ... for each input independently TV TV triggers provide stable triggering on standard or custom composite video signals Use them on PAL SECAM or NTSC systems Optional HDTV trigger supports 1080i 1080p and 720p formats Serial Trigger and Decode Serial trigger allows a serial trigger condition to be set from within the oscilloscope using an easy to understand interface Slew Rate Slew Rate trigger activ...

Page 59: ...e channel to ground coupling at any time while testing With DC coupling all of the signal s frequency components are coupled to the trigger circuit for high frequency bursts 3 Slope determines the direction of the trigger voltage transition used for generating a particular trigger event You can choose a positive negative or windowed slope Like coupling the selected slope is associated with the cho...

Page 60: ...e trigger condition is met The trigger will again occur when the holdoff has elapsed and the trigger s other conditions are met Use holdoff to obtain a stable trigger for repetitive composite waveforms For example if the number or duration of sub signals is known you can disable them by choosing an appropriate holdoff value Qualified triggers operate using conditions similar to holdoff Hold Off by...

Page 61: ...egories 1 Edge activated by basic waveform features or conditions such as a positive or negative slope and hold off 2 SMART Trigger sophisticated triggers that enable you to use basic or complex conditions for triggering Use Edge Triggers for simple signals and the SMART Triggers for signals with rare features like glitches Control Edge Triggering Horizontal Turn the Delay knob in the HORIZONTAL c...

Page 62: ...up from the drop down menu 2 Touch the Edge trigger button under the Trigger tab 3 Touch inside the Trigger Source field and select an input from the pop up menu 4 Touch inside the Level field 5 In the pop up numeric keypad enter a value in millivolts or use the up down buttons to increase or decrease the value in increments of 1 mV Or touch one of the preset value buttons 6 Select the holdoff by ...

Page 63: ...rigger Source field and select a source on which to trigger 4 Touch inside the Level field and enter a value using the pop up numeric keypad 5 Select Positive or Negative polarity 6 Touch the Less Than button and enter a pulse width value in the Upper Limit field o Or touch the Greater Than button and enter a pulse width value in the Lower Limit field o Or touch the InRange button Touch the Delta ...

Page 64: ... can occur The timing for the delay is restarted when the selected pattern begins Events determines a minimum number of events of the trigger source An event is generated when a trigger source meets its trigger conditions On the selected event of the trigger source and while the pattern is present a trigger can occur The count is initialized and started whenever the selected pattern begins and con...

Page 65: ...4 and EXT The combination of inputs is referred to as a pattern There are four logic gates available AND NAND OR NOR A trigger state is either high or low high when a trigger source is greater than the trigger level threshold and low when less than it For example an AND pattern could be defined as true when the trigger state for CH 1 is high CH 2 is low and EXT is irrelevant X or don t care If any...

Page 66: ...The channel that you have the VT75 Module connected to is automatically designated TV Signal in the menu 5 Touch inside Polarity and select positive or negative polarity This selection is independent of the polarity selected for Edge trigger positive in the Trigger setup dialog 6 Check the Trigger on Any Line checkbox if you do not want to specify one In this case the oscilloscope will trigger on ...

Page 67: ...idth This glitch trigger is generated on the selected edge positive or negative when the pulse width is less than or equal to the set width The timing for the width is initialized and restarted on the opposite slope to that selected Note If the glitch s width is narrower than the signal s width set the trigger to a narrower width than that of the signal The signal s width as determined by the inst...

Page 68: ...e Use Interval trigger to capture intervals that fall short of or exceed a given time limit In addition you can define a width range to capture any interval that is itself inside or outside the specified range an exclusion trigger by interval Interval Less Than For this Interval Trigger generated on a time interval smaller than the one that you set choose a maximum interval between two like edges ...

Page 69: ...enerated whenever an interval between two edges of the same slope falls within a selected range The instrument initializes and restarts the timing for the interval whenever the selected edge occurs Interval Trigger that triggers when the interval falls within the selected range t1 range s lower time limit t2 range s upper limit The broken upward pointing arrow indicates a potential trigger while t...

Page 70: ...p numeric keypads Touch the Limits button to set up a precise range Touch inside the Lower Limit and Upper Limit data entry fields and enter values using the pop up numeric keypads o Or if available touch the Out Of Range button and perform the same Delta or Limits setup as for In Range triggering Dropout Trigger Used primarily in single shot applications and usually with a pre trigger delay Dropo...

Page 71: ...setting Lower Limit and Upper Limit values using the pop up keypads o Or touch the Out Of Range button and perform the same range setups as for In Range triggering Slew Rate Trigger 1 Touch the Trigger descriptor label 2 If applicable touch the Smart trigger button then touch the Slew Rate trigger button 3 Touch inside the trigger Source field and select a source on which to trigger If 4 you selec...

Page 72: ...sistence On checkbox 3 Select a display mode by touching one of the mode buttons 4 Touch inside the Num seg displayed field and enter a value using the pop up keypad The maximum number of segments that can be displayed is 100 5 Touch inside the Starting at field and enter a value Note The maximum value that you can enter for Starting at depends on the Num Segments value you entered in the Timebase...

Page 73: ... percentage of the maximum population All populations above the saturation population are then assigned the highest color intensity that is they are saturated At the same time all populations below the saturation level are assigned the remaining intensities Data populations are dynamically updated as data from new acquisitions is accumulated Color mode persistence selected by touching works on the...

Page 74: ...0 the Y axis has been rotated 15 Here is a monochrome analog view of the same waveform The ligh areas indicate highest intensity corresponding to the red areas in the s test olid view Here is a shaded projected light view of the same waveform This view emphasizes the shape of the pulses Here is a wire frame view of the same waveform in which lines of equal intensity are used to construct the persi...

Page 75: ...nce Time field and make a selection from the pop up menu 7 If you selected Per Trace for each input channel touch its tab then make selections of mode saturation level persistence time and last trace display in the same way as for All Locked To create a 3 dimensional view touch the 3d button Then 1 Touch inside the Saturation field and enter a whole number integer using the pop up numeric keypad 2...

Page 76: ...such traces a zoom control dialog is provided at the right of each math trace Fx setup dialog for precise control ch and drag a rectangle around a portion of the math or memo Alternatively you can tou can be done conse ry trace to zoom it which cutively for higher and higher zooms Note If a histogram is applied the range of the histogram is limited to the portion of the trace that is visible on sc...

Page 77: ...he pop up numeric keypad 9 Then touch inside the Vertical Scale div field and enter a voltage value Reset the zoom to x1 magnification touch Reset Zoom in the dialog or press the front panel zoom button Zooming by Touch and Drag h or memory traces in the rectangle a pop up 2 3 oom traces touch the Undo button at the top right corner of the screen Or uncheck the Trace On checkbox in the dialog for ...

Page 78: ...f the same X axis section of each waveform Thus as you scroll through a waveform all included zooms scroll in unison 1 2 Verify that the If you need to change the math funct the Select Math 3 Tou ach zoom you want to include in the multi zoom 4 displayed in its own grid TURNING OFF ZOOM 1 Touch the math function trace label or Zx trace label for the zoom you want to turn off 2 Touch the Trace On c...

Page 79: ... traces must have the same X axis The shape of the resulting pattern reveals information about phase difference and frequency ratio XY DISPLAY SETUP 1 In the menu bar touch Display then touch Display Setup in the drop down menu 3 You have the choice of showing the two waveforms on just the XY grid or you can also show the input waveforms on a single or dual grid 4 Touch inside the Input X and Inpu...

Page 80: ...els from f To D Internal Setups on the oscilloscope s hard drive touch recall settings from folder alongside the ant to recall own menu file you w Recalling Default Settings 1 In the menu bar touch File then touch Recall Setup in the drop d 2 Touch the button under Recall Default Setup Saving Screen Images You can send images to a hard copy printer or to storage media Both types of output are done...

Page 81: ...saving to file If you use a name that ends in a number instead of a letter the instrument may truncate the number This is because by design the first waveform is automatically numbered 0 the second 1 etc For example if you want to use waveform name XYZ32 but it is not preceded by waveforms XYZ0 through XYZ31 the If you need to use a number in your waveform s name it is recommended that you append ...

Page 82: ...elect an area to limit the search to channels math functi memory 6 Touch inside the Recall files from directory field and enter the path using the pop up keyboard Or touch the Browse button to navigate to the file 7 Touch inside the Next file will be recalled from field and enter the path using the pop up keyboard h Disk Utilities Use the Disk Utilities dialog to delete files or create folders Del...

Page 83: ...Print Setup in the drop down menu The Utilities Hardcopy dialog opens a touch the Printer icon 4 Touch the Create Folder button PRINTING AND FILE MANAGEMENT Print Plot or Copy The instrument gives you the ability to output fi Windows 2000 supported printer is supported by your instrument Printing 2 In the dialog are 3 Under Colors touch the Use Print Colors checkbox if you want the traces printed ...

Page 84: ... CONNECTION Use the Ethernet connector item 5 in the rear panel diagram to connect the instrument to a network 4 Touch the Properties button to change printer properties such as nu Changing the Defa If you want to change the default printer 2 Touch the Start button in the task bar at the bottom of the scre 3 Select Settings Æ Printers 4 Touch the printer you want to set as the default prin Managin...

Page 85: ...ft please be advised that LeCroy cannot guarantee trouble free operation afterwards Avoid modifying Control Panel settings t or screen size 800 x 600 pixel settings m the CD shipped with the oscilloscope so may affect the readability of the dialogs Settings Functionality of the Do not make any changes to the BIOS settings Do not make any changes to the Windows power management system Do not change...

Page 86: ...Touch one of parameter tabs P1 through Px 3 Touch inside the Source1 field and select an input waveform from the pop up menu 4 Touch inside the Measure field and select a parameter from the pop up menu 5 Touch the Trend button Windows Repair Disk Before you insta at the bottom of the dialog then from the Math selection for Trend menu select a math functi 1 to Fx The number of math traces available...

Page 87: ...nction trace label if you want to change any settings in the Track selected 7 Touch the newly di dialog HISTOGRAMS Creating and Viewing a Histogram Note The number of sweeps comprising the histogram will be displayed in the bottom line of the trace descriptor label Single Parameter Histogram Setup FROM MEASURE DIALOG 1 In the menu bar touch Measure then Measure Setup 2 Touch the My Measure button ...

Page 88: ... Width button to center the histogram Or touch inside the Center then the Width fields and enter a value using the pop up numeric keypad 11 Touch inside the Vertical Scale field and select Linear or Linear Constant Max from the pop up menu Viewing Thumbnail Histograms Histicons are miniature histograms of parameter measurements that appear below the grid These thumbnail histograms let you see at a...

Page 89: ...l slice g the pop up keypad 7 Touch inside the Slice Width field and enter a value using the pop up keypad 5 Touch the Phistogram tab then touch inside the from the pop up menu 6 Touch inside the Slice Center field and enter a value usin Note You can use the front panel Adjust knobs to move the Slice Center line and the Slice Width boundary lines Persistence Trace Range This math operation has a f...

Page 90: ...The intersection points of these lines with the 50 he determined The length of a line connecting the intersection points is xample fwxx Full Width at xx Maximum Definition Determines the width of the largest area peak measured between bins on either side of the highest bin in the peak that have a population of xx of the highest s population If several peaks have an area equal to the maximum popula...

Page 91: ...ase see hbase While that of the rightmost is the histogram top see htop The parameter is then calculated as hampl htop hbase Example In this histogram hampl is 152 mV 150 mV 2 mV hbase Histogram Base The value of the leftmost of the two most populated peaks in a histogram This parameter is primarily useful for waveforms with two primary parameter values such as TTL voltages where Definition Descri...

Page 92: ...in in a histogram Description Each bin between the parameter cursors is examined for its population count The leftmost bin with the highest count found is selected Its center value is returned as mode Example Here mode is 150 mV hist range Histogram Range omputes the difference between the value of the rightmost and that of the leftmost populated bin Description The rightmost and leftmost populate...

Page 93: ...bins The square root of the result is returned as hrms Example 2 87 hist top Histogram Top Definition The value of the rightmost of the two most populated peaks in a histogram This parameter is useful for waveforms with two primary parameter values such as TTL voltages where htop would indicate the binary 1 voltage value Description The two highest histogram peaks are determined The rightmost of t...

Page 94: ...of peaks in a histogram Description The instrument analyzes histogram data to identify peaks from background noise and histogram binning artifacts such as small gaps Peak identification is a 3 step process ght of the histogram is calculated for all populated bins A threshold T1 is 3 Once T2 is defined the histogram distribution is scanned from left to right Any bin that crosses above T2 signifies ...

Page 95: ... Firs ion on h rank e point where the area to the left is equal to the area to the right where n is Example ordinate of xx Peak th th Returns the value of the xx peak that is the largest by area in a histogram t the peaks in a histogram are determined and ranked in order of total area for a discuss ow peaks are identified see the description for the pks parameter The center of the nth ed peak th s...

Page 96: ...e count of parameter values within each bin The leftmost bin with a non zero count west parameter value measurements The vertically highest bin shows the greatest number of events lling within its sub range The number of events in a bin peak or a histogram is referred to as its population The following figure shows a histogram s highest population bin as the one with a sub range of 4 3 to 4 4 V wh...

Page 97: ...ibution shape with the most useful information In many cases the optimal range is not readily apparent So the oscilloscope has a powerful range finding function If required it will examine the values in the parameter buffer to ca the histogram using it The instrument will also give a running count of the number of parameter values that fall within below or above the range If any values fall below ...

Page 98: ...ogram hist median value of the x axis of a histog hist min value of the lowest le hist rms rms value of data in histogram hist sdev standard deviation of values in a histogram hist top max populate populati mode data value of most percentile data value in peaks number of peaks in histogram pop x population of bin for specified horizontal coordinate range difference between highest and lowest data ...

Page 99: ...kers that you move horizontally along the waveform Place them at a desired location along the time axis to read the signal s amplitude at the selected time 2 Vert ical Voltage cursors are lines that you move vertically on the grid to measure the amplitude of a signal Cursor Measurement Icons The Readout icons depict what is being measured for each measurement mode and the use o the number of param...

Page 100: ...Cursors then Cursors Setup The Standard Cursors dialog opens 2 In the dialog area touch the Cursors On check box to display them 3 Touch one of the Horizontal or Vertical mode buttons Relative or Absolut 4 If you chose a Relative mode also touch a rea 5 If you chose a Relative mode touch inside the Position cursor You can also use the Cursors knobs on the front pa mode do the same for your single ...

Page 101: ...derflow condition An upward pointing arrow indicates an overflow condition An upward and downward pointing arrow indicates an underflow and overflow condition Using X Stream Browser to Obtain Status Information overflow condition in which the amplitude of the waveform cannot be determined Example Here is a case of an 1 Minimize the oscilloscope display by selecting File Æ Minimize 2 Touch the X St...

Page 102: ...level mean minimum maximum etc th any parameter that e value displayed the value displayed is equal to the number of events per 1 In the menu bar touch Measure then Measure Setup 2 Choose a Measure Mode from the dialog The parameters are displayed below the grid Measure Modes The selections for Measure Mode allow you to quickly apply parameters for standard vertical and standard horizontal setups ...

Page 103: ...er measurements Alternatively you can apply math to a single parameter for example invert By customizing parameters in this way you can effectively extend the range of parameter measurements based on your particular needs Logarithmic Parameters The parameter math feature prevents multiplication and division of parameters that return logarithmic values These parameters are as follows Auto correlati...

Page 104: ...s done in the Script Editor window directly on the instrument You can also import an existing script Param Script vs P Script Param Script is a VBScript or JavaScript that operates on one or two waveforms and outputs a parameter another VBScript or JavaScript that arameter measurement as shown in the following figure P Script on the other hand is takes as input one or two parameters and performs a...

Page 105: ...field will expand to two fields Parameter Script Math Setup re in the menu bar then Measure Setup in the drop down menu ce2 fi gle p d and s two in 1 Touch Measu 2 Touch the My Measure button in the Measure dialog 3 Touch the Px tab for the parameter to which you want to apply parameter math 4 In the Px dialog touch the math on parameters button The Source field will expand to two field 5 Touch in...

Page 106: ...gate posts in their default position at each end of the grid But if you touch either end of the grid a drag cursor will appear indicating that you have control of the post and can now drag it In this example you can see that the Measure Gate includes only five rising edges Therefore parameter calculations for rise time are performed only on the five pulses bounded by the gate posts The position of...

Page 107: ...he chosen level This feature also displays the hysteresis band that you have set about that level You also have the option by means of an Always On checkbox to leave the Help Markers displayed after you have closed the Help Markers setup dialog You have a choice of Simple or Detailed views of the markers The Simple selection produces cursors and Measure Gate gate posts The gate posts are independe...

Page 108: ...ff Help Markers for individual parameters touch the Px tab for the parameter in question Then uncheck the Always On checkbox When you close this dialog the Help Markers for this parameter will no longer be displayed Customizing a Parameter touch the On check box to enable the parameter listed asurement characteristic touch the parameter button P1 splay From the Measure Dialog 1 Touch the My Measur...

Page 109: ...P AND BASE LINES Proper determination of the top and base reference lines is fundamental for ensuring correct parameter calculations The analysis begins by computing a histogram of the waveform data over the time interval spanned by the left and right time cursors For example the histogram of a waveform transitioning in two states will contain two peaks see Figure 1 The analysis will attempt to id...

Page 110: ...e or fall time is measured as the time interval separating the two crossing points on a rising or falling edge But when rel s are average Rising Edge Duration Falling Edge Duration Where Mr is the number of leading edges found Mf the number of trailing edges found the time when rising edge i crosses the x level and the time when falling edge i crosses the x level Determining Time Parameters Time p...

Page 111: ...ope for each input as well as the level and type percent or absolute List of Parameters The following table describes the instrument parameters Availability of some parameters depends on the options installed S Parameter Description Definition Notes Amplitude Measures the difference between upper and lower levels in two level signals Differs from pkpk in that noise overshoot undershoot and ringing...

Page 112: ... then touching the ter 112 WRXi OM E Rev C number of cycles contrary to median eliminating bias caused by fractional intervals above and 50 below paramete Cyclic checkbox Standard parame cyclic Cyclic root mean RMS square root of sum of squares of data values divided by number of points Contrary to rms calculation is square Computes performed over an integral number of cycles eliminating bias caus...

Page 113: ...e time of the source 1 edge Standard parameter Duration For single sweep waveforms dur is time from previous t s to current segment s ted waveform s Time from first to last Standard parameter 0 for sequence waveforms time from first to last segment s trigger for single segments of sequence acquisition for average histogram or sequence waveforms waveforms segmen trigger for waveforms produced by a ...

Page 114: ...dictable results Standard parameter Fall 80 20 ed for all falling transitions between the cursors verage duration of falling 80 20 transition major efault to maximum however ts Fall 80 20 Duration of pulse waveform s falling transition from 80 to 20 averag A On signals not having two levels triangle or saw tooth waves for example top and base can d and minimum giving less predictable resul Standar...

Page 115: ... in DDA 5005A Available with DDM FWxx Measures the width of the largest area histogram peak at xx of the population of the highest peak Available with DDM and XMAP options 2 JTA2 Standard in DDA 5005A Half period Reference levels and edge transition polarity can be selected Hysteresis argument used to discriminate levels from noise in data Available with JTA2 and Half period of a waveform XMAP opt...

Page 116: ...ity can be selected Hysteresis argument used to discriminate levels from noise in data Available with JTA2 and XMAP options Time from the clock edge to the data edge You can set levels slope and hysteresis independently for Hold Clock and Hold Data See also Setup paramete Last Time from trigger to last rightmost cursor Ti cu e ed me from trigger to last rsor Indicates location of right cursor Curs...

Page 117: ...ent used discriminate levels from n in data Available with DDM2 Standard in DDA 5005A Local pkpk Vertical difference between the peak and trough of a local feature lmax lmin Hysteresis argument used to discriminate levels from noise in data Available with DDM2 option Standard in DDA 5005A Local tbe Time between events between local peak and next trough or to oise local trough and next peak Hystere...

Page 118: ...tpt Time between local feature 05A peak and trough Hysteresis argument used to discriminate levels from noise in data Available with DDM2 option Standard in DDA 50 Local ttp n local feature trough and the next local peak to ls from noise in data option Time betwee Hysteresis argument used discriminate leve Available with DDM2 Standard in DDA 5005A Local tut Time a local feature spends under a user...

Page 119: ...n applied to time domain waveform or histogram of data of same waveform But with histograms result may include contribut one acquisition Standard parameter Median The average of base and top values Average of Base and Top Standard parameter Minimum point in a waveform Unlike base does not assume waveform has two levels Lowest value in waveform between cursors result when data th Measures the lowes...

Page 120: ...tain at least one rising edge On signals not having two major levels triangle or saw tooth waves fo give predictable results Standard parameter Overwrite Ratio of residual to original power of a low frequency waveform overwritten by a higher frequency Available with DDM2 option Standard in DDA 5005A Param Script Visual Basic or Java script that produces a measurement from one or two input waveform...

Page 121: ... output type to percent degrees or radians After setting up the reference touch Phase difference between signal and reference Phase differ the More tab for signal setups Standard parameter Pop X n at bin for specified Populatio horizontal coordinate You can place the cursor at any bin and use either Absolute Reference or Difference cursor shape Available with DDM2 JTA2 and XMAP options Standard in...

Page 122: ...g two major levels triangle or saw tooth waves for example top and base can default to maximum and minimum giving however less predictable results Standard parameter Rise 20 80 of ising Average duration of rising 20 80 transition major levels triangle or saw p giving however less Rise 20 to 80 Duration pulse waveform s r transition from 20 to 80 averaged for all rising transitions between the curs...

Page 123: ...vel from noise in da Available with JTA2 an Skew Reference levels and edge transition polarity can be selected Hysteresis argument used to discriminate levels from noise in data Hysteresis at the way across the threshold for the tions Time of clock1 edge minus time of nearest clock2 edge on a measurement if set to 500 mdiv requires th signal must transition one 1 2 division total swing measurement...

Page 124: ... interval You can also use a mathematically derived Golden PLL to filter low frequency jitter Cutoff Freq 1 1 667e3 x Clock Freq Reference levels and edge transition polarity can be selected Hysteresis argument used to discriminate levels from noise in data Available with JTA2 and XMAP options Difference between the measured times of crossing a given slo ideal expected time For you can choose p ne...

Page 125: ...nt rising and falling edges Width of first positive or lse averaged for all similar lses h unlike determined by examining 50 crossings in data input If first transition afte pu pu Similar to fwhm thoug width that parameter applies only to histograms Standard parameter Width level Width measured at a specific level Reference levels and edge transition polarity can be selected Hysteresis argument us...

Page 126: ...e function you want to en 3 To assign a ne the Fx button for that trace for example WAVEFO MATH Intro Math Traces and Functions veform d lso set up traces F1 to Fx Th software options loaded on of parameters that can be measured at the same time depends on the so ould set up Trace F1 as the di s the integ oscope d 2 Trace F2 as the average o veraged example you could zoom of F2 With the t s math t...

Page 127: ... Units This feature allows you to apply a multiplication factor a and additive constant b ou can do it in the unit of your choice depending on the type of application Allowable unit abbreviations are as follows nd of the values of a parameter Deskew whe eed to compensate for different l or anything else that might ust it in time relative to a Resam r touch Math then Math Setup unction trace tab F1...

Page 128: ... Meter FT Foot IN Inch YARD yard MILE mile N Newton OHM Ohm PAL Pascal PCT Percent POISE Poise PPM parts per million RAD Radian DEG Degree of arc MNT Minute of arc SAMPLE sample SWEEP sweeps SEC Second of arc S Second SIE Siemens T Tesla UI Unit interval V Volt VA Volt amps W Watt WB Weber MIN min HOUR Hour DAY Day WEEK Week ...

Page 129: ...ous averaging allows you to make adjustments to a system under test and ately nt of two units the character should be can be represented by a digit append n can be entered as M S2 for meters volts per seconds can be en In some cases the units entered may be converted to simple units such as entering V A displaying W watts Rescaling Setup 1 In the men 2 Touch a math function trace tab F1 through Fx...

Page 130: ...he statistical fluctuatio e cently acquired waveform The weight of old waveforms in the continuous average gradually ten zero ng an exponential rule at a rate that decreases as the weight increases The formula for continuous averaging is new average new data weight rag This is also the formula used to compute summe ing But by setting a sweeps value you establish a fixed weight that is assigned to ...

Page 131: ...n the software options loaded on your oscilloscope See Specifications ct a source waveform from 3 Touch inside the Source1 field and sele 4 Touch inside the Operator1 field and select Average from the Select Math Operator menu button 5 Touch the Average tab in the dialog to the right of the Fx dialog then touch the Summed ng the pop up keypad The valid ran 6 Touch inside the Sweeps field and type ...

Page 132: ...emoval of coherent noise signals feed through of clock signals frequency components of the signal in the pass band This is easily ascertained using spectral analysis The filters have a precisely constant zero phase response This has two benefits First the filters do not distort the relative position of different events in the waveform even if the events frequency content is different Second becaus...

Page 133: ...filter The result left bottom shows a smooth trace where most of the noise has been eliminated Note En ution can only improve t ace it cannot improve t hanced resol he resolution of a tr he accuracy or linearity uantization The pass b al attenuation for signal off of the original q and will cause sign s near the cut frequency Th st frequencies passed may be sli attenuated Perform the filtering on ...

Page 134: ...hat is no calculations need to be undone on the copy before additional math can be calculated This benefit of faster throughput however comes at the expense of memory usage Waveform Sparser The Sparse math function allows you to thin out an incoming waveform by skipping points at regular intervals and by starting acquisition at a particular offset point The Sparsing factor specifies the number of ...

Page 135: ...ce FFT Why Use FFT For a large class of signals you can gain greater insight by looking at spectral representation rather than time description Signals encountered in the frequency response of amplifiers oscillator phase noise and those in mechanical vibration analysis for example are easier to observe in the frequency domain If sampling i h s s S l c o th A oint time domain signal can be compared...

Page 136: ...other is to use a window function to smooth the edges of the signal Choosing a Window The choice of a spectral window is dictated by the signal s characteristics Weighting functions control the filter response shape and affect noise bandwidth as well as side lobe levels Ideally the main lobe should be as narrow and flat as possible to effectively discriminate all spectral components while all side...

Page 137: ...e reduce leakage and improve amplitude accuracy However frequency resolution is also reduced Flat Top This window provides excellent amplitude accuracy with moderate reduction of leakage but with reduced frequency resolution Blackman Harris It reduces the leakage to a minimum but with reduced frequency resolution FFT Window Filter Parameters Window Type Highest Side Lobe dB Scallop Loss dB ENBW bi...

Page 138: ...plex vector Xn is divided by the cohe the loss of the signal energy due to windowing isolated spectrum peaks The real part of Xn is symmetric around the Nyquist frequency that is Rn RN n while the imaginary part is asymmetric that is In IN n The energy of the signal at a frequency n is distributed e spectrum the energy at frequency The first half of the spectrum Re Im from 0 to the Nyquist frequen...

Page 139: ...tion system contains components whose frequency is greater quency half the sampling frequency The result is that the components below contribution of these components to the sampled waveform is indistinguisha the Nyquist frequency This is aliasing Th domain record in The norm r window and le rent gain of a filter co other windows It defines the loss of sig sponding to ea dow fun al energ is 1 0 0 ...

Page 140: ...ies Each filter neighborhood of its ce The distance in hertz between the center frequencies of two neighboring bins is always Delta f 1 T where T is the duration of the time domain record in seconds the screen to the Nyquist frequency at the rightmost edge of the trace Frequency Resolution In a simple sense the frequency resolution e bin width Delta f That is if the input signal changes its freque...

Page 141: ... waveform and k is the time index ents of Window Functions lists the coefficients a The window functions seen in the time The table of Coeffici domain are symme Coefficients of Window Functions Window Type a0 a1 a2 Rectangular 1 0 0 0 0 0 von Hann 0 5 0 5 0 0 Hamming 0 54 0 46 0 0 Flat Top 0 281 0 521 0 198 Blackman Harris 0 423 0 497 0 079 FFT Setup Setting Up an FFT 1 In the menu b Math then dr ...

Page 142: ...h operation that shortens the record This is commonly encountered in plitudes are interpolated to fit r discontinuity in the filled data to minimize the effect east primes algorithm that computes FFTs on transform sizes having lengths that can be expressed as factors of 5 or 10 or Power generally runs faster than the least primes algorithm The price that is paid is a record length that is not the ...

Page 143: ...u create from your wavef f the trace by use of a measure gate See M an explanation of how feature works the Stop Test checkbox in ctions dialog you can set up the test to end after a predetermined weeps that you decide orm can be confined to just a portion o easure Gate for this Actions By touching the A number of s You can also decide the actions to occur upon your waveforms passing or failing by...

Page 144: ... result emit pulse or save the waveform If you want to have the results printed and your oscilloscope is not equipped with a printer be sure that the it is connected to a local or network printer See Printing If you want to save your waveform automatically touch the Save Setup This will take you out of the current dialog and will open the Save Waveform dialog See Saving and Recalling Waveforms Tes...

Page 145: ...t the bottom of the ParamCompare dialog Comparing Dual Parameters 1 Touch Analysis in the menu bar then Pass Fail Setup in the drop down menu 2 Touch a Qx tab a setup dialog for that position inside the Condition field in the main dialog and select DualParamCompare will open 3 Touch 4 Touch inside the Source1 and Source2 fields and select a source from the pop up menu ompare mini dialog field and ...

Page 146: ...nside the Condition field 5 From the Test mini make a selection in the Test is True when group of buttons This selection means for example that if you select All In the test will be False if even a single waveform falls outside the mask 6 From Show Markers choose whether or not to have mask violations displayed 7 If you are loading a pre existing mask touch the Load Mask tab then the File button Y...

Page 147: ...or viewing individually You can also set actions to occur automatically when unusual events are found stop the acquisition emit an audible beep output a pulse print the screen save the waveform or create a LabNotebook entry Signal Views WaveScan provides distinct views of your signal Source view highlights all occurrences of edges that meet your criteria Scan Overlay places all captured edges one ...

Page 148: ...me sampling mode Source View urce ry tra r search criteria For example in this figure we are searching for slow rising edges time window Search Modes Search modes ds criteria such as 1 3 or 5 sigma Sampling Mode The top trace on the screen is the so channel math memo ce This trace shows all captured edges and highlights those that fit you that fall outside a In this acquisition WaveScan has locate...

Page 149: ...e settings in the Display Æ Persistence setup dialog and vice versa In the acquisition shown below we have scanned for rise times greater than 1 4 ns WaveScan has located six edges that meet this criteria one of which is greater than 2 ns This slowest edge which appears in the persistence display has been selected for zooming from the table Note that it is also highlighted in the source view top g...

Page 150: ...1 2 ns with a delta of 50 ps are accumulated in the histogram Another feature of WaveScan is that you can select a single bin of the histogram for analysis by t clicking it A confirmation pop up button then appears After Find Feature is confirmed only the single bin of the histogram remains and information about the contents the bin is displayed in the Filter Method area of You can recall the orig...

Page 151: ...t from the table of found events at the left of the screen You can also scroll through the table using the Prev Next scroll buttons in the Search dialog or select an event by touching inside the Idx field and entering an index number using the pop up keypad WRXi OM E Rev C 151 ...

Page 152: ...o quickly scroll through the table In this case however the selection of edge will not change Note Press the Adjust knob for fine resolution green LED lights This will enable you to scroll through the table one line at a time In the coarse resolution mode the edge selection jumps several lines at once for each click of the Adjust knob Front panel Zoom controls can be used to vary the magnification...

Page 153: ...g to 50 in this case is displayed in the source trace at top As with other search modes a trigger action can be set for Edge mode also Edge Mode This search mode locates all edges in an acquisition and presents them time stamped in a table You can sele positive negative or both edges When the acquisition is stopped scan filters contain WRXi OM E Rev C 153 ...

Page 154: ...alue displayed in the table is the difference of the max and min of the non monotonicity This can be confirmed with cursors Non monotonic Mode The Non monotonic search mode looks for edges that c The hysteresis value is used to eliminate noise A non monotonicity is detected only when its amplitude is greate than the hysteresis Therefore when setting a hysteresis level set a value that is greater t...

Page 155: ...rmed by placing cursors on going runts or both An adjustable hysteresis band is provided to eliminate noise In the case of negative going runt pulses the value displayed in the table is the difference delta of the high level of the signal and the runt amplitude i e where the runt bott the runt pulse and reading the delta Y value in the trace labels WRXi OM E Rev C 155 ...

Page 156: ...WAVERUNNER XI SERIES 156 WRXi OM E Rev C g runt pulses the value displayed in the table is the absolute value of the amplitude of In the case of positive goin the runt pulse ...

Page 157: ... Post acquisition you can apply other filters to the acquisition or make different para For example in this acquisition a Rise time 10 90 parameter measurement is applied to fast edges during acquisition We are interested only in edges with a rise time slower than 1 ns Therefore the Greater Than filter method is selected with a value of 1 ns four edges pass during WRXi OM E Rev C 157 ...

Page 158: ...fteen falling edges from the same acquisition pass this new filter Scan Filters But now we wa You can also decide how anomalous the features located should be by using the Filter Wizard to select the average value as the limit to search for rarest events or to apply statistical criteria ...

Page 159: ... were several slow edges in a repetitive waveform For each filtering method selectable from the wizard the rise time used as the filter limit and delta are cal Filter Methods While the Filter Wizard provides a quick way to apply filtering criteria automatically the Filter Method menu and related fields let you manually set up filtering criteria And unlike the Filter Wizard selections which are res...

Page 160: ...ation between your PC and oscilloscope when you are operating the instrument remotely You can log all events or errors only This log can be invaluable when you are creating and debugging remote control applications Remote Communication Setup If you are connecting the oscilloscope to a network first contact your Information Systems administrator If you are connecting the oscilloscope directly to yo...

Page 161: ... Off Errors Only or Full Dialog from the pop up menu Hardcopy Printing For print setup refer to Printing Clipboard This selection prints to the clipboard so you can paste a file into another application like MS Word for example PRINTING FROM THE CLIPBOARD 1 In the menu bar touch Utilities then Utilities Setup in the drop down menu 2 Touch the Hardcopy tab 3 Under Colors touch the Use Print Colors ...

Page 162: ...screen images using either the MAPI or SMTP prot Before you output to e mail from the Utilities dialog you first have to set up the e m ocols ail server and recipient address in Preference Setup SENDING E MAIL 1 In the menu bar touch Utilities then Utilities Setup in the drop down menu 2 Touch the Hardcopy tab then the E mail button 3 Touch inside the File Format field and select a graphic file fo...

Page 163: ...ime tab 3 Touch the Windows Date Time button 3 Touch inside each of the Hour Mi pop up numeric keypad 4 Touch the Validate Changes button Setting the Date and Time from the Internet 1 The Simple Network Time Protocol SNTP is used Use the Date and Time Properties window to configure the time including time zone Options Use this dialog to add or remove software options For information about software...

Page 164: ... the wa the waveform could move off the g Note Regardless of whether you select Volts or Div the Offset shown in the channel setup dialog always indicates volts However when Div is selected for the Offset Control the offset in volts is scaled proportional to the change in gain thereby keeping the division on the grid constant 1 In the menu bar touch Utilities then touch Preferences in the drop dow...

Page 165: ...ication Programming Interface is the Microsoft interface specification that allows different messaging and workgroup applications including e mail voice mail and fax to work through a single client such as the Exchange client included with Windows 95 and Windows NT MAPI uses the default Windows e mail application usually Outlook Express SMTP Simple Mail Transfer Protocol is a TCP IP protocol for s...

Page 166: ...vides access to service dialogs which are for the sole use of LeCroy service personnel A securit code is required to gain access Show Windows Desktop y Touching the Show Windows Desktop button in the main Uti application to reveal the underlying desktop To maximize the application tou lities dialog minimizes the instrument ch the appropriate shortcut icon Touch Screen Calibration Touching the Touc...

Page 167: ... is simple the oscilloscope contains a complex algorithm to determine in which order results are computed This algorithm ensures that all inputs required by a processor are computed before the processor itself If a VBScript processor decides to access via automation results other than those supplied to its inputs the oscilloscope s dependency algorithm cannot be used Therefore the results accessed...

Page 168: ...s Engineers do not buy equipment they buy solutions But what solutions can be waveform data The answer is in principle anything that can be logically de limitations of signal to noise ratio and processing time He customized instrument Changing the units of a grid to joules newtons amps etc Creatin an You don t have to use all the data from the input waveforms you can select data from one or more s...

Page 169: ...rStep Omega 2 0 3 1416 Frequency SampleTime Amplitude 0 15 Amplitude of real data For K 0 To LastPoint newDataArray K Amplitude Sin Omega K cy of real data OutResult DataArray is the waveform returned to the oscilloscope and displayed on the oscilloscope as the F2 Next OutResult DataArray True newDataArray Data in volts waveform WRXi OM E Rev C 169 ...

Page 170: ...stomer was able to display and measure data clock skew using a LeCroy instrument function and parameter EXAMPLE 5 the output differential clock signal C2 However that Next is a logarithmic vertical scale for which the script can be found here Most scripts would be far simpler than this one Frequency response curves are frequently drawn on a logarithmic scale The upper trace is a frequency sp of a ...

Page 171: ...of a spreadsheet calculate other values from them prepare charts of many kinds use mathematical and statistical functions and communicate with other programs in Office From the instrument you can send data to Excel where processing can take place and return the results to the instrument What is Mathcad Mathcad is a software package from MathSoft It provides an integrated environment for performing...

Page 172: ... variables from the oscilloscope including waveform data and useful variables such as volts per division and time per division The output from a script can be a waveform or a parameter and you can choose your own values for variables such as volts per division The idea of a VBS function is that you start with an input waveform operate on some or all of the values with a script and show the result ...

Page 173: ...d vertical scales by manipulating the data Logarithmic scales in amplitude and frequency are often required Squaring and taking square roots are needed in certain applications Here is a picture showing some graphs related to white noise showing ways of detecting small deviations from the true distribution The lower two graphs were generated and placed in one trace using a VBScript In the next exam...

Page 174: ... 000 points 32 000 if you have created a chart in Excel Therefore make sure that your acquisition has less than this number of points if you are going to use an Excel calculation To use this capability you must have the LeCroy XMAP software option and Excel loaded in your instrument Select Minimize from the instrument s File menu to access the Excel program directly Selecting a Math Function Call ...

Page 175: ...ny charts as you want Organizing Excel sheets The Cells tab allows you to organize your Excel chart When placing the components in the sheet be careful to avoid over writing needed information especially when you are using multiple input waveforms As depicted he the instrument panel has been pasted over the Excel sheet There are three arrays of data fo e waveforms up to two d one output There are ...

Page 176: ...tiple Inputs and Outputs If you invoke two or more instrument parameter functions or waveform functions that call Excel you will find that they all refer to the same spreadsheet by default Thus your spreadsheet can use the data from several waveforms and you can derive many different combinations of output parameters and waveforms including some of each from your spreadsheet You only have to be ca...

Page 177: ...at controls the location of the data in the Excel worksheet The input data are in columns A and B though only the first is used and the output is in column C All have been set to start at row 2 allowing space for a title in row 1 Columns D E and F contain the headers for the three waveforms These are the set of numbers that provide the description of the oscilloscope settings such as vertical scal...

Page 178: ...been pasted onto the Excel sheet for comparison In the following figure the panel h To get the output values in column C we set C2 A2 and copy this formula down the column This is the only action needed in Excel and can be seen in the next figure ...

Page 179: ...ough by default only a single input column is used and the output is in column C All have been set to start at row 2 which allows for a header in row 1 Create this waveform by doing the following 1 Ensure that your acquisition has no more than 64 kpts the Excel calculation limit 2 Choose a function and select ExcelMath as Operator1 for the function Excel will open automatically in the background 3...

Page 180: ... automatically opens Excel puts the waveform data in the correct columns and returns the calculated data back to the display as the chosen F trace This Excel calculated trace can have further measurements or math calculations performe on it if desired he input top chart and Excel calculated output et The chart will be updated automatically as the oscilloscope is triggered d You can also create a c...

Page 181: ...me constant TC2 using the portion of the trace where TC1 has negligible effect art of the measurement process elected portion of the trace This was done using Function F1 which is not a p For the actual measurement Parameter P1 was set up as an Excel call In Excel the s was converted to logarithms and the Excel function SLOPE was used as shown here Here we see the input data in column B with a tim...

Page 182: ...ripts to ensure that successive acquisitions produced different data Script F1 generates pulses with widths that are multiples of a set clock period F2 generates one pulse in the first half of the time window and one pulse in the second half B pulses are constrained to coincide with the clock pulses of F1 F oth 1 and F2 are used here only as simulations and art of the Excel workbook are not part o...

Page 183: ... C10 was given the following formula IF B10 B9 A 4 1 C9 C9 This was copied down the column Column D the output column is simply A C The output was defined as cell H3 The required mean in cell H3 is given by SUM D10 D509 SUM C10 C509 for a 500 point waveform Correlation Excel Waveform Function Excel Example 3 This example uses an Excel waveform function to examine the cross correlation between two ...

Page 184: ... traces in one picture with only two operations in an Excel sheet Depicted below is an example from an Excel spreadsheet Here is an original instrument trace The method is very simple First the waveform is transferred to an Excel spreadsheet by means of an instrument Excel call Second two operations are needed in Excel placing a simple formula in one cell and copying that formula into a range of c...

Page 185: ... cell B134 The traces repeat at intervals of 250 cells Let us call this interval R If we require a horizontal displacement D then in cell CN we write B N R D In this example D is 10 Finally we may want a vertical displacement V and we write B N R D V In this example V is 0 02 D and V can be zero if required as depicted below All that remains is to copy the formula to the required range of cells WR...

Page 186: ...form Function script allows you to take the data from one or two traces and make a new trace whose values may depend on the values of the input trace kes in the data from one or two traces but it only has one output This output is the zeroth element in the output array It appears as a parameter value on the instrument s screen The remainder of the array is currently not used and is not accessible ...

Page 187: ...isible trace length 1 Note that a trace of nominal length 1000 comprises data numbered from 0 to 1001 The 1001st point is not visible so you normally use points 0 to 1000 giving 1001 points and 1000 intervals between points startData 0 edData InResult DataArray False InResult DataArray False provides integer data from 32768 to 32767 InResult DataArray True provides real data in the same physical u...

Page 188: ...umber of data in the output trace and is set to be the same as the number of data in the output length less than the input length you get a shorter trace the remainder being ins tside the bounds of an array or you make some other error or something overflows ssible such as log 13 the instrument tells you the line number and the nature of he correct line number for example if Next or End If is are ...

Page 189: ...but not directly through their individual elements Anything after a single quotation mark on a line will not be used by the inst comments for example This is a comment A Amp Sin Omega T Calculate the output InResult DataA example scripts you cannot refer di arrays in this example unscale following Y InResult DataArray 17 OutResult DataArray 257 Z Some parts of the default script must n highlighted...

Page 190: ...utResult ValueArray 0 P Note that the unit of the parameter is displayed as t squared th To find out how to edit a paramete The default parameter script is shown below TODO ad Here s a small example that just inverts the waveform numParam InResult Samples ReDim newValueArray numParam scaledData InResult DataArray For i 0 To numParam 1 newValueArray i scaledData i _ Change this to do something usef...

Page 191: ...r the type may be changed Always t in an undesirable or riable or a result use a conversion function that will he conversion functions are CDbl CInt CLng CSng CStr mes ignificance in VBS either in variable names or in keywords the names reserved be consistent about the spelling of a variable name to avoid confusion At ariable name These can include any combination of alphabetic and cter No other p...

Page 192: ...ower Division A B A divided by B next inte Integer division A B A divided by B truncated to ger below Multiplication A B A multiplied by B Addition A B B added to A Subtraction A B B subtracted from A PLEASE NOTE THE FOLLOWING If there is any possibility that you will be taking the exponent of a negative number make sure to trap any possible errors arising from such operations as trying to take th...

Page 193: ...Calculate the sine of A Add the cosine and the sine together Multiply that result by the square of A en changed Only at the end of t At this point the quantity represented by A has not be value placed in the memory location labeled Note that you can write more than one statement on a line separated by colons like this A B Cos 34 Theta Sin 55 Theta B A A Z Z Order of Calculations ed in the followin...

Page 194: ...e _ No End Is needed if all on one line e the construction These results are from file Brackets Xls You ca combinatio VBS Controls Do Do Do Loop Loop Until Loop While Do Until Do While Exit Do Loop Loop For Next GoTo__This is not allowed in ins If Then _ On one line If Then ElseIf Then End If If Then End If__ If Then Else End If Select Case End Select While fies the requirements of speed and clari...

Page 195: ...statements are Boolean ry complex constructions using If as in the examples below Else_ Z 31 End If Else_ If A 3 Then Z 63 Else Z 127 End If End If If A 0 Then If B 0 Then Z Y End If End If This is equivalent to Z Y logic statements which can take the values True or False You may even see things like If A Then B which means that if A is True B gets done In the first example if A is negative we mig...

Page 196: ...that the value of N has already been set Case Else is included to cover other cases whether Select Case K Case 1 2 3 5 8 13 Y 55 Z 89 Case 4 9 16 25 36 Y Sqr Sin A Z Sqr Cos A End If Summary of If Then If Boolean Then If Boolean Then AnyVBScriping End If If Boolean Then AnyVBScripting Else AnyOtherVBScripting End If If you write a list like this all the If A 9 T If A 7 Then If A If A 4 Then VBScri...

Page 197: ... the condition for terminating were already true With the condition at the end the e at least one time ht want to exit the loop from somewhere inside for example if some kind of problem is arithm of a negative number you can use If Then Exit Do pause of 10 seconds you can write 10 0 me er is a clock function in the PC which has a resolution of one second f N has be inclu been set Case ring of lses...

Page 198: ...lues but they must all use different control variables Example 7 To 17 ngM Example f While Wend This is similar to Do While Loop You can wr While A 2 An AnyVBCalculatio Wend For Next Sometimes you know loop is id Examples For K HistogramBin K 0 Next Omega TwoPi Period For N 0 To Period Y N A Sin Omega N Next Be careful about changing the c For is better but you could als For emergency exit you can...

Page 199: ...e cosine of an angle expressed in radians Csng Convert a number to single precision floating point Cstr Convert a variable to a string Exp Raise e to the power of the input Get Get a value from a file Input Get some ASCII data from a file Instr Find the position of a string in a longer string Int Convert to nearest integer below the input value Left Take some characters at the left end of a string...

Page 200: ... with tests n Functions These are mainly of the form C F A where A is the argument or input to the function Abs Abs A calculates the absolute value of an integer or a real number so the result is always r zero A can be any number in the range of the VB system positive o Atn Atn A calculates the angle of which A is the tangent Because infinitely many angles can have the same tangent the output of A...

Page 201: ... once before any pseudo randoms are gene d You can u rator at any time during execution Do not put the final statem gressive result as some parameter chang outp til the script has been completely run and quitted so only th times you will think that the oscilloscope has hung u If you For If you make a scr he default setup before quitting or powering down or you will have a lo Alw ec things up Keep ...

Page 202: ...has been requested or is of this general type 1 Missing Nex 2 Extra Next This happens bec If at some point d allowed range the calculation will stop and you will se displa revio of new and old valu hat in after you have corrected an error and clicked on Apply w acquisitions before being erased Look for the Scri that you still have a bug requires data to be used at some other horizonta m does not t...

Page 203: ...ions You must be aware of all ensure that they do not possibilities at all points in your program and you must either be certain that errors will not occur or you must take action to Examples Sqr You cannot take the square root of a negative number Log You cannot take the log of zero or of a negative number A B You cannot divide by zero Array You cannot use an index outside the bounds of an array ...

Page 204: ...on of a script the most important thing you can do is to minimize the number o operations that are performed inside loops Anything done once only is unlikely to be an important source of delay Please note that VBS is much slower than the internal computations of the instrument so do everything you can to save time unless time is irrelevant to the application Using an array element takes longer tha...

Page 205: ...domain for example Example Waveform Script Custom Window Creating a window function for FFT calculations Example Parameter Scripts g Scripts Until we have integrated a more compr around Download the Windows Scripting D for Windows 2000 from here http download mi ft com dow d10en exe Decay Parameter Calculating the rate of decay of a damped sine Locating Pulses Finding pulses in a pulse train Debug...

Page 206: ...rticalPerStep Double precision Difference between successive possible levels in the output waveform memory 1 65536 of vertical full scale InResult VerticalResolution Double Difference between successive possible physical levels in the input waveform precision OutResultVerticalResolution Double precision Difference between successive possible physical levels in the output waveform 1 256 of vertical...

Page 207: ...tvalue 1 int sparsingFactor in VARIANT array HorizontalUnits out retval BSTR pVal Samples out retval int pVal Samples in int HorizontalResolution out retval double pVal HorizontalPerStep out retval double pVal HorizontalPerStep in double newVal HorizontalOffset out retval double pVal HorizontalOffset in double newVal Sweeps out retval int pVal Sweeps in int newVal HorizontalVariances out retval in...

Page 208: ...ru t Note Load MATLAB version 6 you w 5 just as ould on any PC Once it is loaded open MATLAB from the desktop then close it again be ment application This is to update the fore you attempt to open it from the instru registry MATLAB can be directly called from the instrum gh F dep d o pe See waveform ent in two ways Using a function F1 throu available loade x The number of math traces ends on the s...

Page 209: ... functions are s have clicked on MATLAB Wave Source 1 and Source 2 are the waveforms that MATLAB will use The MATLAB Waveform Control Panel Once you have invoked a MATLAB waveform call you will see the zoom dialog at the right of the screen Touch the MATLAB tab to see a panel like this Touch Find Scale to make your output fit the grid or use the text boxes to choose a scale WRXi OM E Rev C 209 ...

Page 210: ...AB Response isplay it could be he response va l du itho roduce a visible MATL From this panel you can save your code load a previous code and edit your func MATLAB is an entire wave The two input wa n1 and WformIn2 while the outpu ut You can al vidual samples suc In1 34 and W W WformOut 34 55 WformIn 34 55 WformOut 233 377 WformIn 100 244 resent your function will run much faster be With a long wa...

Page 211: ... simple example adds a rescaled copy of Channel 2 to a copy of Channel 1 and then rescales the result MATLAB Example Waveform Plot If you touch the MATLAB Plot checkbox you will see a MATLAB plot like this one WRXi OM E Rev C 211 ...

Page 212: ...Select Measurement menu The MATLAB Parameter Control Panel Once you have invoked a MATLAB parameter call a mini dialog to the right of the main dialog will appear You can touch the MATLAB Plot checkbox if you want to see a plot in MATLAB as well as getting a result in the instrument 212 WRXi OM E Rev C ...

Page 213: ...AB Response pane for an amplitude of 0 15 volt g the Load Code button and you can save the current program ATLAB function that performs your task Your program in the instrument could then be a one line call of your MATLAB function MATLAB Example Parameter Panel You can load an existing MATLAB program usin using the Save Code button If you are familiar with MATLAB you might prefer to launch MATLAB ...

Page 214: ... given level to the number of The next example calculates the ratio of the number of points below the level in this case one half of the amplitude Further Examples of MATLAB Waveform Functions Negate the input signal Square the input signal Create pulses from a sinusoid ...

Page 215: ...ow function out negatewf wf1 NEGATEWF changes the sign of all the data out wf1 The procedure is simple Create a MATLAB function using any text editor and save it as a MATLAB m file by giving it a name of the form Filename m Call the function using the MATLAB math editor or the MA parameter editor as appropriate A simple exam WRXi OM E Rev C 215 ...

Page 216: ...ered by routines written in Visual Basic With ActiveX controls you can create your own user interfaces to suit your own preferences A large number of interactive devices are available button checkbox radio button list box picture box and common dialogue box Invoking CustomDSO CustomDSO can be invoked from the Analysis drop down menu If CustomDSO is already in Basic mode the following dialog will b...

Page 217: ... lss DSO ActionEnable1 False 1160 Set CustomDSO XStreamDSO CustomDSO 1161 CustomDSO Setup B lss 1162 CustomDSO ActionScript1 c LeCroy XStream CustomDSO A lss 1163 CustomDSO ActionEnable1 True 1164 CustomDSO ActionScript1 c LeCroy XStream CustomDSO B lss 1165 CustomDSO ActionEnable1 False 1166 CustomDSO ActionScript1 c LeCroy XStream CustomDSO C lss 1167 CustomDSO ActionEnable1 True 1168 CustomDSO ...

Page 218: ...e1 1166 CustomDSO ActionScript1 c LeCro 1167 CustomDSO ActionEnable1 False 1168 CustomDSO ActionScript1 c LeCroy XStream CustomDSO A lss 1169 CustomDSO ActionEnable1 False The text in green following a single quotation mark is a VBS comment and causes no action The text in red contains the path and name of the setup file associated with the numbered button This setup w be called when the button is...

Page 219: ... from the New tab Create code for the buttons A Double click on the Single button B In the resulting code window insert code to Application app Acquistion TriggerMode Stopped Application ful step because you can test your rument A Start the instrument B Click the Run button In Visual Basic C Click the Stop button in Visual Basi he ou have finished ject in Visual Bas A Click the top button in Visua...

Page 220: ...e D Type Project1 UserControl1 in the COM ProgID of Plu bjec our Among the most useful properties are the following Height Width BackCo You can gain access to the properties of y iew Properties Positions and sizes of objects can be changed from View Object by dragging the object or one of its handles You can insert any available control into your plug in The basic control set is shown in a toolbar...

Page 221: ...t Tabbed Control as shown below and click on Apply The control will be added into the toolbox at the left of the screen where you can double click on it as usual The new control is shown arrow The system is very versatile and you can place controls on the tabs of the Tabbed Control Look in the properties window to se lustrated below e how yo an customize your tabs as il u c WRXi OM E Rev C 221 ...

Page 222: ...mber of math traces available depends on the software options loaded on your oscilloscope See Specifications and it exchanges the first two it finds whenever the button is pressed Note that arrays of objects can be constructed allowing numerous objects to be accessed in simple loop Private Sub Command1_Click Dim wm As Object Set wm CreateObject LeCroy XStreamApplication Set acq wm Acquisition To s...

Page 223: ...String End Sub This routine exchanges the first two traces that it finds You can make it exchange all Dim trace As Integer trace 0 views 0 Exchange the traces on the grids Do trace trace 1 views views 1 If t trace UseGrid YT1 Then t trace UseGrid YT2 Else t trace UseGrid YT1 End If End If Loop Until trace 12 Or views 2 Show the parity of the last swap If t trace View True Then TextString Trim Text...

Page 224: ...lue Here is the result after seven swaps The counting method could be useful in any routine where numerous operations such as triggers have to be performed In fact the caption of the button could have been used to show the number of operations ActiveX offers a large range of standard controls including list boxes for selection from a list and picture boxes for drawing graphs and charts ...

Page 225: ...great potential for testing mplifiers and filters since the output can be compared with a theoretical rmore if the output is divided by the curve the result for a perfect DUT would be a horizontal line which is ea to inspect The example below has been magnified vertically by a factor of ten The rise at the right e occurs because the signal is descending into the noise These exam the transmission c...

Page 226: ...Wave Y Next X End Sub Here is an example showing a simple one pole roll off compared to a curve Dim Wave Wave WM Math F1 Out Result DataArray Dim Black White Blue Red As Long Black 0 White HFFFFFF Blue HFF4444 Red HFF Draw a theoretical curve for the peaks StartPoint Top 20 EndPoint 54 5 Picture1 Line 0 StartPoint Samples EndPoint Red Draw the plot with linear interpolation between points For X 1 ...

Page 227: ...al users for example or used for different projects the data can be kept parately Similarly hardcopy reports can be stored in different folders k entries os se Preferences You should set your preferences before creating noteboo Miscellaneous Settings WRXi OM E Rev C 227 notebook entry as soon as it is created Check the middle box if you want to be able to annotate a notebook entry as soon as it is...

Page 228: ... selected that option in notebook Preferences Otherwise the wave A d wavefor The pen tool enables you to write or draw in freehand You can use a mouse or a stylus to ag your note anywhere on your m do this using the touch screen Once you click off you can dr point out Onc The circle tool enables y lick ou to create a circle around a waveform feature that you want to e you c off the circle is drawn...

Page 229: ...o enable it and touch OK The next object that you create will be in that color If you want to erase a drawing object touch it to select it then touch Erase Selected Tou h Erase All to erase all drawn objects and text c Touch Undo to discard the last object drawn t The Move Toolbar button enables you to place the toolbar anywhere on the screen Touch he button a second time to return it to its origi...

Page 230: ... higher resolution than can be stored in a 16 bit waveform file This extra resolution will not be preserved when traces are recalled using flashback Cumulati Mea ve surements Any measurements that are on when the Lab Notebook entry is created are not saved individually in the database other than being embedded in the hardcopy image This means that when flashback is used the measurements will be re...

Page 231: ...field and select a report format from the pop 2 Touch inside up menu 3 Touch the Cr A dialog box ope name field and e If yo mail y a W sen address configured in Utilities Preferences eate Report button ns in which to name the report and select a folder to contain the report Touch inside the File nter a name using the pop up keyboard u want to e ou select Print or print the data to a network printe...

Page 232: ...ing the pop up keyboard Croy s logo s the bit map file or touch inside the Logo field and enter se Le Otherwise touch the Use Default checkbox to u Note If you elect to use your own logo bit map do not use a bit map larger than 180 pixels height x 100 pixels width Managing Notebook Entry Data Adding Annotations You can add annotations to your notebook entry at any time 1 Touch the LabNotebook tab ...

Page 233: ... new database for your notebook entries at any time back up the current one or compress the data TO SELECT A DATABASE FOR BACKUP OR COMPRESSION gate to the database you want to work on 1 Touch the Advanced tab 2 Touch the Browse button A navigation window opens Navi 3 Touch Compact to reduce the size of a database This function defragments the notebook after a large amount of entries have been del...

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