background image

Intermediate

 

Power

 

Amplifier

   

30C1892G1

 ‐ 

G2

 ‐ 

G3:

     

Figures

 

1,

 

2,

 

and

 

7.

 

 

The

 

30C1892

 

Intermediate

 

Power

 

Amplifier

 

basically

 

consists

 

of

 

a

 

fan

cooled

 

heatsink

 

and

 

three

 

circuit

 

boards.

   

These

 

boards

 

are

 

the

 

Preamplifier

 

board,

 

the

 

Amplifier

 

Input

 

board,

 

and

 

the

 

Amplifier

 

Output

 

board.

   

This

 

subassembly

 

is

 

equipped

 

with

 

shielding

 

covers

 

and

 

is

 

mounted

 

on

 

a

 

standard

 

19"

 

panel.

   

Figure

 

1

 

shows

 

the

 

basic

 

construction

 

of

 

the

 

IPA

 

assembly,

 

although

 

the

 

drawing

 

was

 

originally

 

made

 

for

 

a

 

system

 

using

 

an

 

additional

 

AGC

 

module

 

shown

 

as

 

item

 

50

 

on

 

the

 

drawing.

   

AGC

 

in

 

the

 

TTS1000B

 

transmitter

 

is

 

implemented

 

in

 

the

 

exciter

 

instead,

 

so

 

item

 

50

 

is

 

not

 

used

 

and

 

non

existent

 

in

 

the

 

present

 

system.

 

 

A

 

directional

 

coupler

 

(shown

 

in

 

Figure

 

12)

 

is

 

also

 

mounted

 

on

 

the

 

panel

 

and

 

provides

 

a

 

metering

 

DC

 

signal

 

corresponding

 

to

 

the

 

output

 

RF

 

from

 

the

 

Intermediate

 

Power

 

Amplifier.

 

 

Figures

 

2

 

and

 

7

 

for

 

Low

 

Band

 

and

 

High

 

Band

 

respectively,

 

illustrate

 

the

 

arrangement

 

of

 

boards

 

on

 

the

 

amplifier

 

heatsink.

   

Drawing

 

30C1474

 

is

 

for

 

our

 

250

 

watt

 

RF

 

power

 

amplifier,

 

derated

 

for

 

IPA

 

service.

 

 

Cooling

 

for

 

the

 

IPA

 

heatsink

 

is

 

provided

 

by

 

a

 

small

 

(approx

 

100

 

cfm)

 

axial

 

flow

 

Rotron

 

fan

 

which

 

is

 

mounted

 

on

 

a

 

bracket

 

situated

 

so

 

that

 

the

 

fan

 

blows

 

air

 

on

 

the

 

finned

 

portion

 

of

 

the

 

heatsink.

 

 

RF

 

Preamplifier

   

10A1453G2

 

(Low

 

Band)

 

and

 

10A1453G3

 

(High

 

Band):

     

Figures

 

3

 

and

 

8.

 

 

This

 

preamplifier

 

design

 

originally

 

was

 

used

 

in

 

the

 

two

 

IPAs

 

of

 

the

 

aural/sound

 

section

 

of

 

a

 

dual

 

RF

 

chain

 

transmitter

 

which

 

operates

 

two

 

single

 

RF

 

chains

 

in

 

quadrature

 

and

 

therefore

 

requires

 

phase

 

and

 

gain

 

control

 

of

 

the

 

input

 

to

 

each

 

chain.

   

It

 

therefore

 

has

 

components

 

in

 

place

 

for

 

adjustment

 

of

 

RF

 

gain

 

and

 

phase

 

to

 

enable

 

setting

 

up

 

these

 

paralleled

 

transmitters.

   

In

 

a

 

single

 

chain

 

transmitter

 

such

 

as

 

the

 

TTS1000B,

 

no

 

requirement

 

exists

 

for

 

control

 

of

 

RF

 

phase

 

nor

 

consequently

 

its

 

components,

 

but

 

our

 

design

 

standardization

 

results

 

in

 

lower

 

overall

 

expense

 

being

 

incurred

 

by

 

simply

 

leaving

 

the

 

components

 

on

 

the

 

PC

 

board.

 

 

The

 

following

 

discussion

 

deals

 

with

 

the

 

phasing

 

components

 

because

 

they

 

are

 

a

 

part

 

of

 

the

 

signal

 

path

 

through

 

the

 

preamplifier,

 

but

 

functionally

 

they

 

are

 

inconsequential

 

except

 

for

 

technical

 

interest.

 

 

The

 

RF

 

input

 

signal

 

from

 

the

 

exciter

 

is

 

fed

 

via

 

J1

 

into

 

a

 

quadrature

 

hybrid

 

U1

 

configured

 

as

 

a

 

phase

 

shifter,

 

which

 

is

 

able

 

to

 

produce

 

a

 

phase

 

shift

 

in

 

excess

 

of

 

90

°

 

between

 

its

 

pin

 

1

 

(input)

 

and

 

pin

 

6

 

(output).

   

A

 

valuable

 

property

 

of

 

a

 

quadrature

 

hybrid

 

network

 

connected

 

as

 

shown

 

in

 

Figures

 

3

 

and

 

8,

 

is

 

that

 

it

 

can

 

introduce

 

a

 

variable

 

phase

 

delay

 

that

 

depends

 

on

 

the

 

value

 

of

 

capacitance

 

at

 

its

 

0

°

 

and

 

90

°

 

ports.

   

These

 

ports

 

(U1

 

pins

 

2

 

and

 

5)

 

each

 

see

 

a

 

pair

 

of

 

variable

 

capacitance

 

diodes

 

CR1,

 

CR2

 

and

 

CR3,

 

CR4.

   

The

 

capacitance

 

of

 

these

 

diodes

 

depends

 

on

 

the

 

amount

 

of

 

reverse

 

bias

 

voltage

 

applied

 

to

 

them

 

from

 

the

 

arm

 

of

 

R2.

   

In

 

all

 

transmitters,

 

R2

 

is

 

adjustable

 

from

 

the

 

front

 

panel

 

and

 

is

 

marked

 

PHASE.

 

 

In

 

the

 

Low

 

Band

 

unit,

 

the

 

output

 

of

 

the

 

hybrid

 

is

 

then

 

fed

 

via

 

an

 

attenuator

 

R5

 

(marked

 

GAIN)

 

to

 

ampli

fier

 

U2

 

which

 

is

 

output

 

to

 

terminal

 

J2.

   

C12

 

and

 

the

 

lead

 

inductance

 

of

 

U2

 

perform

 

output

 

matching

 

to

 

50

 Ω

.

   

The

 

gain

 

of

 

U2

 

is

 

spec'd

 

as

 

18

 

dB

 

and

 

there

 

are

 

a

 

few

 

dB

 

of

 

losses,

 

so

 

the

 

effective

 

gain

 

of

 

the

 

Low

 

Band

 

preamp

 

board

 

is

 

about

 

12

 

to

 

14

 

dB

 

when

 

R5

 

is

 

turned

 

up

 

to

 

its

 

maximum

 

output

 

position.

 

 

Summary of Contents for DTT250M

Page 1: ...lid state amplifier This amplifier requires no tuning or adjustment within its band of operation Simplicity of operation reduced maintenance costs and increased reliability are a few of the major benefits derived from this modular amplifier This module is operated well below its maximum ratings The amplifier chain consists of three stages of amplification The preamplifier stage is a high gain broa...

Page 2: ... on 15 contact D shell connector J5 For local operation simply place the LOC REM switch in the LOC position For remote control operation the LOC REM switch must be in the REM position This places 12V on Remote E The Remote Enable 12V appears as an arming signal at J5 5 and the momentary connection of this 12V to J5 13 turns the transmitter ON and momentary connection of the 12V to J5 8 turns the t...

Page 3: ...CONTENTS 1 BANDPASS FILTER 2 2 RF DIRECTIONAL COUPLER 4 PUB96 26 Rev 1 September 13 2005 26 1 RF Output BP Filter Directional Coupler ...

Page 4: ...the trimmer produces a change of capacitance and the trimmer s moveable slug is shaped to appear as a shorted turn which alters the inductance of the helix Matching from and to 50 ohm transmission lines is accomplished with taps on the input and output helixes Coupling between sections is electrically a bridged T network of capacitors and is made up of the small capacitance between the free ends o...

Page 5: ...Figure 1 5 Pole Bandpass Filter Curves Figure 2 5 Pole Bandpass Filter Used in the TTS1000B PUB96 26 Rev 1 September 13 2005 26 3 RF Output BP Filter Directional Coupler ...

Page 6: ...ignated L1 through L4 They are in reality short pieces of Teflon sleeved magnet wire which although they may possess a fraction of a nanohenry of inductance are mainly small capacitors which are factory adjusted by bending the wire to control the amount of coupling capacitance between the transmission line and the sampling loop concerned The position of the capacitor along the loop does not seem t...

Page 7: ...Figure 3 Quad Directional Coupler Equivalent Schematic PUB96 26 Rev 1 September 13 2005 26 5 RF Output BP Filter Directional Coupler ...

Page 8: ...ER LOW BAND PUB96 28 Rev 2 Aug 2007 PA Module CONTENTS FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION 1 6 WAY SPLITTER INPUT BOARD 1 FET RF AMPLIFIERS 1 6 WAY COMBINER OUTPUT BOARD 2 VSWR CONTROL BOARD 2 GREEN LED SENSITIVITY ADJUSTMENT 5 ...

Page 9: ... provides input matching for the transition from the input connector to the input transmission line A built in detector CR102 and C147 is fed from a directional coupler on the input transmission line to provide a sample of the input signal for module gain monitoring R117 and R118 terminate the directional coupler FET RF Amplifiers References Figure 3 Figure 4 Figure 5 Figure 6 Each of the six ampl...

Page 10: ...se will blow in this case isolating the defective device from the rest of the module and transmitter power supply allowing the remaining devices to keep operating normally A blown fuse can serve as a valuable troubleshooting aid when trying to identify failed devices 6 Way Combiner Output Board Part number 40D1472G1 40D1472G2 References Figure 6 and Figure 3 The six amplifier outputs are applied t...

Page 11: ...s the control voltage set on pin 6 the output on pin 7 will go high R22 C10 and CR1 provide a fast attack slow release control voltage to Q2 when a high VSWR condition suddenly occurs This will turn on Q2 which turns on Q4 which quickly reduces the bias applied to the power amplifier FETs this reduced bias also reduces their gain and therefore their RF output and keeps the amplifier at safe levels...

Page 12: ...each companion bias potentiometer in the same manner for the proper bias current Install remaining fuses and remove the bias short after all bias adjustments have been made Low power sweep of amplifiers Note Low power sweep of PA modules should not be required under normal circumstances even when replacing FET devices There are no tuning adjustments on these modules Ensure that terminations are in...

Page 13: ...sition and adjust the exciter output power until the transmitter output power reads 110 Remove the module to be set up and remove the two front fuses from it in order to simulate a single FET package failure Replace this crippled module in the transmitter and apply a nominal 50 APL staircase video signal to the transmitter analog transmitters The green LED should now be extinguished if it is not r...

Page 14: ...f turn at a time to establish a known reference point Place the AGC MANUAL switch in the AGC position and with the RAISE LOWER switch readjust the transmitter output power to 100 Similarly the aural amplifier may be adjusted in the same manner but being an FM signal the modulation of the carrier is not critical ...

Page 15: ...W HIGH BAND 40D1493G3 PUB96 29 Rev 2 i 24 Oct 2008 CONTENTS FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION 1 6 WAY SPLITTER INPUT BOARD 1 FET RF AMPLIFIERS 1 6 WAY COMBINER OUTPUT BOARD 2 VSWR CONTROL BOARD G1 2 GREEN LED SENSITIVITY ADJUSTMENT 5 ...

Page 16: ...mission line A built in detector CR102 and C147 is fed from a directional coupler on the input transmission line to provide a sample of the input signal for module gain monitoring R113 and R117 terminate the directional coupler FET RF Amplifiers Drawing References Figure 3 through Figure 6 Each of the six amplifiers in the module consists of two source grounded N channel insulated gate Field Effec...

Page 17: ...of active devices such as these is short circuit and the fuse will blow in this case isolating the defective device from the rest of the module and transmitter power supply allowing the remaining devices to keep operating normally A blown fuse can serve as a valuable troubleshooting aid when trying to identify failed devices 6 Way Combiner Output Board Part number 40D1468G1 Drawing References Figu...

Page 18: ...ected and sensed at pin 11 of J1 to comparator circuit U2B R21 sets the level at which VSWR protection begins If the level of detected reflected power on pin 5 of U2B exceeds the control voltage set on pin 6 the output on pin 7 will go high R22 C10 and CR1 provide a fast attack slow release control voltage to Q2 when a high VSWR condition suddenly occurs This will turn on Q2 which turns on Q4 whic...

Page 19: ...mA for digital operation Remove the fuse Remove the side B bias short and place it on side A at the junction of C6 R2 R3 and R9 Place the fuse in side B Adjust the side B bias pot for the proper current Move the fuse to the remaining fuse holders one at a time and adjust each companion bias potentiometer in the same manner for the proper bias current Install remaining fuses and remove the bias sho...

Page 20: ...er output power until the transmitter output power reads 110 Remove the module to be set up and remove the two front fuses from it in order to simulate a single FET package failure Replace this crippled module in the transmitter and apply a nominal 50 APL staircase video signal to the transmitter analog transmitters The green LED should now be extinguished if it is not remove the module and adjust...

Page 21: ...ed one half turn at a time to establish a known reference point Place the AGC MANUAL switch in the AGC position and with the RAISE LOWER switch readjust the transmitter output power to 100 Similarly the aural amplifier may be adjusted in the same manner but being an FM signal the modulation of the carrier is not critical ...

Page 22: ... gain control of the input to each chain It therefore has components in place for adjustment of RF gain and phase to enable setting up these paralleled transmitters In a single chain transmitter such as the TTS1000B no requirement exists for control of RF phase nor consequently its components but our design standardization results in lower overall expense being incurred by simply leaving the compo...

Page 23: ...e overall system gain is sufficient to result in overdrive of later stages of the transmitter The transmitter or translator lineup may therefore include an in line attenuator in the RF chain ahead of the IPA module in order to prevent overdrive from certain models of exciter modulator U3 is a voltage regulator providing B to the amplifier and biasing for the varactor diodes RF isolation is provide...

Page 24: ... the values of R3 and R6 which have little or no effect at RF R3 and R6 provide a DC path for bias and provide loading at lower frequencies where gate impedance is high in order to assist in maintaining amplifier stability The choice of C6 C7 C20 and C21 values their series inductances and that of board traces also ensures effective bypassing at critical frequencies The output matching π network c...

Page 25: ...readjusted during system test for minimum intermods and FM noise 4 Connect a 30 dB 20 W attenuator to the output of the amplifier This will absorb amplifier output and protect the sweep detector Use it instead of the 20 dB pad shown in the diagram below 5 Reinstall fuses and apply B to both supply connections of the amplifier module 6 Apply a low level sweep to the amplifier and measure the DC inp...

Page 26: ...PUB96 30 rev 1 Jul 1 2010 30 5 1 kW IPA Assembly VHF 1 kW TTS1000B TRANSMITTER IPA ASSEMBLY 1 Sweep setup and response for IPA alone without preamp ...

Page 27: ...n applied to the gates The gate impedance at the operating frequency is much lower than R3 and R5 so these resistors have little or no effect at RF R3 and R5 provide a DC path for bias and provide loading at lower frequencies in order to assist in maintaining amplifier stability The choice of C2 and C6 values and their internal equivalent series inductances also ensures effective bypassing at crit...

Page 28: ... These will be the starting points the bias current settings and L9 will be readjusted during system test for minimum intermods and FM noise Disconnect the clip lead after adjusting bias currents 4 Connect a 30 dB 20 W attenuator to the output of the amplifier 5 Apply B to both supply connections of the amplifier 6 Apply a low level sweep to the module and measure the DC input current about 1 2 am...

Page 29: ...ent to cause the transmitter power output to decrease or even to momentarily turn off the transmitter The transmitter is provided with a VSWR cutback function that either reduces its power output to save it from harm in the event of gradual occurrences such as antenna ice build up or momentarily takes it off the air from random events Three VSWR events occurring rapidly in a short time will cause ...

Page 30: ...emote control of this fact through J5 7 Next stop for the 12V is a normally closed VSWR lockout relay contact connected via J1 5 and J1 9 from the Metering Board Prefix 5A K2 This relay operates and the interlock chain is opened if for some reason the transmitter has seen a large amount of reflected power and the Metering Board VSWR supervisory circuit has repeatedly tried and retried to keep the ...

Page 31: ...f a VSWR that exceeds a preset amount the AGC voltage becomes modified a little to reduce the transmitter output by an amount proportional to the reflected signal This VSWR Cutback permits the transmitter to remain on the air at reduced power if the antenna should gradually accumulate a layer of ice If the reflected power should exceed a much larger amount causing repeated momentary tripping off a...

Page 32: ...nificantly attenuates 3 58 MHz NTSC color subcarrier as well as any 4 5 MHz intercarrier that may be generated in CR1 or CR2 due to the presence of visual and aural RF signals together in the system Removal of these subcarrier components before the signal is peak detected enables the circuit to be responsive to sync peak pow only for visual or just CW aural power and relatively immune to undesired...

Page 33: ...tback mode which is what will need to be set up because it affects the exciter AGC and VSWR supervision The output from U1 U2 pin 7 is also applied to a second op amp U1 U2 pin 3 If the detected level at U1 pin 3 rises above the level set by the AGC pot on the Control board at U1 pin 2 the output on pin 1 will rise This AGC output is applied via J5 1 to a final buffer amplifier U2A on the Control ...

Page 34: ... TP1 drops to a minimum approximately 10 to 20 mVDC A DC coupled scope will make the adjustment easier to see the objective is to place the U1 output as near the op amp ground rail as possible without the op amp going into saturation Turning the pot farther will decrease the sensitivity of the system for small signals Once this minimum voltage has been reached do not re Reflect Power Meter Calibra...

Page 35: ...nergizes and the VSWR C B indicator LED on ulse After three pulses visible on the meter lock out and a red VSWR L O indication on the ontrol Panel should occur Check that RESET is possible using the RESET button S6 on the Control Panel A reads 20 2 0 This is about 17 to 18 dB below the full forward power output of the transmitter W the Control Panel lights up Replace the 16 dB pad with a 10 dB pad...

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