AXE 3 D
4
RU
cod. 3540Z230 - 01/2011 (Rev. 00)
Ɋɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɫ ɞɢɫɬɚɧɰɢɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɩɭɥɶɬɚ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɫ ɬɚɣɦɟɪɨɦ
A
ȿɫɥɢ ɤ ɤɨɬɥɭ ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɨ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɨ ɞɢɫɬɚɧɰɢɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɫ ɬɚɣɦɟɪɨɦ
(
ɨɩɰɢɹ
),
ɜɵɲɟɨɩɢɫɚɧɧɵɟ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɤɢ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɹɬɫɹ ɜ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɢɹɦɢ
,
ɩɪɢɜɟɞɟɧɧɵɦɢ ɜ ɬɚɛɥɢɰɚ
1.
ɉɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɧɚ ɞɢɫɩɥɟɟ ɩɭɥɶɬɚ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ
(
ɩɨɡ
. 5 -
ɪɢɫ
. 1)
ɜɵɫɜɟɱɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɚ ɜ ɩɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɢ
,
ɢɡɦɟɪɹɟɦɚɹ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɨɦ
ɞɢɫɬɚɧɰɢɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ
.
Ɍɚɛɥɢɰɚ
. 1
Ɋɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɤɚ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɜɨɞɵ ɜ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɟ
ɉɪɢ ɡɚɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɢ ɯɨɥɨɞɧɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɨɬɨɩɥɟɧɢɹ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɜɨɞɵ
,
ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɢɪɭɟɦɨɟ ɩɨ
ɩɨɤɚɡɚɧɢɹɦ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɧɚ ɤɨɬɥɟ ɜɨɞɨɦɟɪɚ
,
ɞɨɥɠɧɨ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɬɶ ɩɪɢɦɟɪɧɨ
1,0
ɛɚɪ
.
ȿɫɥɢ
ɜɨ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɜɨɞɵ ɜ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɟ ɭɩɚɥɨ ɧɢɠɟ ɦɢɧɢɦɚɥɶɧɨ ɞɨɩɭɫɬɢɦɨɣ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɵ
,
ɛɭɞɟɬ ɚɤɬɢɜɢɪɨɜɚɧɚ ɨɲɢɛɤɚ
F37 (
ɪɢɫ
. 15).
ɪɢɫ
. 15 -
ɇɟɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨɟ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɜɨɞɵ ɜ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɟ ɨɬɨɩɥɟɧɢɹ
A
ɉɨɫɥɟ ɜɨɫɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɟ ɤɨɬɟɥ ɚɤɬɢɜɢɪɭɟɬ ɰɢɤɥ ɫɩɭɫɤɚ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɚ
ɢɡ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ
:
ɨɧ ɛɭɞɟɬ ɞɥɢɬɶɫɹ
120
ɫɟɤɭɧɞ
,
ɩɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɧɚ ɞɢɫɩɥɟɟ ɛɭɞɟɬ
ɜɵɫɜɟɱɢɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɫɢɦɜɨɥ
FH.
3.
ɆɈɇɌȺɀ
3.1
ɍɤɚɡɚɧɢɹ ɨɛɳɟɝɨ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɚ
ɍɋɌȺɇɈȼɄȺ
ɂ
ɇȺɋɌɊɈɃɄȺ
ȽɈɊȿɅɄɂ
ȾɈɅɀɇȺ
ɈɋɍɓȿɋɌȼɅəɌɖɋə
ɌɈɅɖɄɈ
ɋɉȿɐɂȺɅɂɁɂɊɈȼȺɇɇɕɆ
ɉȿɊɋɈɇȺɅɈɆ
,
ɂɆȿɘɓɂɆ
ɉɊɈȼȿɊȿɇɇɍɘ
ɄȼȺɅɂɎɂɄȺɐɂɘ
,
ɉɊɂ ɋɈȻɅɘȾȿɇɂɂ ɉɊɂȼȿȾȿɇɇɕɏ ȼ ɇȺɋɌɈəɓȿɆ ɌȿɏɇɂɑȿɋɄɈɆ
ɊɍɄɈȼɈȾɋɌȼȿ ɍɄȺɁȺɇɂɃ
,
ɉɊȿȾɉɂɋȺɇɂɃ ȾȿɃɋɌȼɍɘɓȿȽɈ ɁȺɄɈɇɈȾȺɌȿɅɖɋɌȼȺ
,
ɉɈɅɈɀȿɇɂɃ ɆȿɋɌɇɕɏ ɇɈɊɆ ɂ ɉɊȺȼɂɅ
,
ɂ ȼ ɋɈɈɌȼȿɌɋɌȼɂɂ ɋ ɉɊɂɇəɌɕɆɂ
ɌȿɏɇɂɑȿɋɄɂɆɂ ɌɊȿȻɈȼȺɇɂəɆɂ
.
3.2
Ɇɟɫɬɨ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɢ
Ʉɨɬɟɥ ɞɨɥɠɟɧ ɛɵɬɶ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧ ɜ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɨ ɨɬɜɟɞɟɧɧɨɦ ɞɥɹ ɷɬɨɣ ɰɟɥɢ ɩɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɢ
,
ɢɦɟɸɳɟɦ ɨɬɜɟɪɫɬɢɹ
,
ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɜɚɸɳɢɟ ɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɭɸ ɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɰɢɸ ɜ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫ
ɞɟɣɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɦɢ ɧɨɪɦɚɦɢ
.
ȿɫɥɢ ɜ ɨɞɧɨɦ ɩɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɢ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɵ ɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɝɨɪɟɥɤɢ ɢɥɢ
ɜɵɬɹɠɧɵɟ ɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɬɨɪɵ
,
ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɨɞɧɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɨ ɧɚɯɨɞɢɬɶɫɹ ɜ ɪɚɛɨɬɟ
,
ɬɨ ɪɚɡɦɟɪ
ɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɰɢɨɧɧɵɯ ɨɬɜɟɪɫɬɢɣ ɞɨɥɠɟɧ ɛɵɬɶ ɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɵɦɢ ɞɥɹ ɨɞɧɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɣ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɜɫɟɯ
ɚɩɩɚɪɚɬɨɜ
.
ȼ ɦɟɫɬɟ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɢ ɤɨɬɥɚ ɧɟ ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɧɚɯɨɞɢɬɶɫɹ ɨɝɧɟɨɩɚɫɧɵɟ ɩɪɟɞɦɟɬɵ ɢɥɢ
ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɵ
,
ɟɞɤɢɟ ɝɚɡɵ
,
ɩɵɥɶ ɢ ɞɪɭɝɢɟ ɥɟɬɭɱɢɟ ɜɟɳɟɫɬɜɚ
,
ɡɚɫɚɫɵɜɚɧɢɟ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ
ɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɬɨɪɨɦ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɩɪɢɜɟɫɬɢ ɤ ɡɚɝɪɹɡɧɟɧɢɸ ɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɢɯ ɤɚɧɚɥɨɜ ɝɨɪɟɥɤɢ ɢɥɢ ɝɨɪɟɥɨɱɧɨɣ
ɝɨɥɨɜɤɢ
.
ɉɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɟ ɞɨɥɠɧɨ ɛɵɬɶ ɫɭɯɢɦ ɢ ɧɟ ɩɨɞɜɟɪɝɚɬɶɫɹ ɜɨɡɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɸ ɞɨɠɞɹ
,
ɫɧɟɝɚ ɢɥɢ
ɦɨɪɨɡɚ
.
A
ȿɫɥɢ ɚɝɪɟɝɚɬ ɭɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɫɪɟɞɢ ɦɟɛɟɥɢ ɢɥɢ ɛɨɤɨɦ ɤ ɫɬɟɧɟ
,
ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ
ɩɪɟɞɭɫɦɨɬɪɟɬɶ ɫɜɨɛɨɞɧɨɟ ɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɫɬɜɨ
,
ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɟ ɞɥɹ ɞɟɦɨɧɬɚɠɚ ɤɨɠɭɯɚ ɢ
ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ ɨɛɵɱɧɵɯ ɪɚɛɨɬ ɩɨ ɬɟɯɨɛɫɥɭɠɢɜɚɧɢɸ
.
ȼ ɱɚɫɬɧɨɫɬɢ ɭɛɟɞɢɬɶɫɹ
,
ɱɬɨ
ɩɨɫɥɟ ɦɨɧɬɚɠɚ ɤɨɬɥɚ ɫ ɝɨɪɟɥɤɨɣ ɧɚ ɩɟɪɟɞɧɟɣ ɞɜɟɪɰɟ
,
ɨɬɤɪɵɜɚɧɢɟ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɧɟɣ ɧɟ
ɜɵɡɵɜɚɥɨ ɜɪɟɡɚɧɢɟ ɝɨɪɟɥɤɢ ɜ ɫɬɟɧɭ ɢɥɢ ɜ ɫɨɫɟɞɧɟɟ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɟ
3.3
Ƚɢɞɪɚɜɥɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɫɨɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɹ
Ɋɚɫɱɟɬ ɬɪɟɛɭɟɦɨɣ ɬɟɩɥɨɜɨɣ ɦɨɳɧɨɫɬɢ ɤɨɬɥɚ ɞɨɥɠɟɧ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɬɶɫɹ ɡɚɪɚɧɟɟ
,
ɢɫɯɨɞɹ ɢɡ
ɩɨɬɪɟɛɧɨɫɬɢ ɡɞɚɧɢɹ ɜ ɬɟɩɥɟ
,
ɪɚɫɫɱɢɬɵɜɚɟɦɨɣ ɩɨ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɦ ɧɨɪɦɚɦ
.
Ⱦɥɹ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɹ
ɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɢ ɧɚɞɟɠɧɨɝɨ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɝɢɞɪɚɜɥɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ ɞɨɥɠɧɚ ɛɵɬɶ
ɨɫɧɚɳɟɧɚ ɜɫɟɦɢ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɵɦɢ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɚɦɢ
.
Ɋɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɭɟɬɫɹ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɶ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɤɨɬɥɨɦ ɢ
ɫɢɫɬɟɦɨɣ ɨɬɨɩɥɟɧɢɹ ɨɬɫɟɱɧɵɟ ɤɥɚɩɚɧɵ
,
ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɢɥɢ ɛɵ ɜ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɢ
ɢɡɨɥɢɪɨɜɚɬɶ ɤɨɬɟɥ ɨɬ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ
.
B
ɋɥɢɜɧɨɟ ɨɬɜɟɪɫɬɢɟ ɩɪɟɞɨɯɪɚɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɤɥɚɩɚɧɚ ɞɨɥɠɧɨ ɛɵɬɶ ɫɨɟɞɢɧɟɧɨ ɫ
ɜɨɪɨɧɤɨɣ ɢɥɢ ɫ ɤɚɧɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɟɣ ɜɨ ɢɡɛɟɠɚɧɢɟ ɩɨɩɚɞɚɧɢɹ ɜɨɞɵ ɧɚ ɩɨɥ ɜ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ
ɫɪɚɛɚɬɵɜɚɧɢɢ ɤɥɚɩɚɧɚ ɩɪɢ ɩɪɟɜɵɲɟɧɢɢ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɨɬɨɩɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɟ
.
ȼ
ɩɪɨɬɢɜɧɨɦ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɢɡɝɨɬɨɜɢɬɟɥɶ ɤɨɬɥɚ ɧɟ ɧɟɫɟɬ ɧɢɤɚɤɨɣ ɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɡɚ
ɡɚɬɨɩɥɟɧɢɟ ɩɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɢ ɫɪɚɛɚɬɵɜɚɧɢɢ ɩɪɟɞɨɯɪɚɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɤɥɚɩɚɧɚ
.
ɇɟ
ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɣɬɟ
ɬɪɭɛɵ
ɝɢɞɪɚɜɥɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ
ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ
ɞɥɹ
ɡɚɡɟɦɥɟɧɢɹ
ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɨɤ
.
ɉɟɪɟɞ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɨɣ ɬɳɚɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɩɪɨɦɨɣɬɟ ɜɫɟ ɬɪɭɛɵ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɞɥɹ ɭɞɚɥɟɧɢɹ ɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɵɯ
ɡɚɝɪɹɡɧɹɸɳɢɯ ɜɟɳɟɫɬɜ ɢɥɢ ɩɨɫɬɨɪɨɧɧɢɯ ɬɟɥ
,
ɦɨɝɭɳɢɯ ɩɨɦɟɲɚɬɶ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɨɣ ɪɚɛɨɬɟ
ɚɩɩɚɪɚɬɚ
.
ȼɵɩɨɥɧɢɬɟ ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟ ɬɪɭɛ ɤ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɦ ɲɬɭɰɟɪɚɦ
,
ɤɚɤ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɧɨ ɧɚ
cap. 5
ɢ
ɫɨɝɥɚɫɧɨ ɫɢɦɜɨɥɚɦ
,
ɢɦɟɸɳɢɦɫɹ ɧɚ ɫɚɦɨɦ ɚɝɪɟɝɚɬɟ
.
ɏɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɢ ɜɨɞɵ ɞɥɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɨɬɨɩɥɟɧɢɹ
ȼ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ
,
ɟɫɥɢ ɠɟɫɬɤɨɫɬɶ ɜɨɞɵ ɩɪɟɜɵɲɚɟɬ
25° Fr (1°F = 10
ɩɩɦ
CaCO3),
ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɦɚɹ ɜɨɞɚ ɞɨɥɠɧɚ ɛɵɬɶ ɧɚɞɥɟɠɚɳɢɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ ɩɨɞɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɚ
,
ɱɬɨɛɵ
ɩɪɟɞɨɬɜɪɚɳɚɬɶ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɧɚɤɢɩɢ ɧɚ ɤɨɬɥɟ
.
ɉɨɫɥɟ ɩɨɞɝɨɬɨɜɤɢ ɠɟɫɬɤɨɫɬɶ ɜɨɞɵ ɧɟ
ɞɨɥɠɧɚ ɛɵɬɶ ɧɢɠɟ
15°F (
Ⱦɉ
236/88
ɨ ɩɨɞɝɨɬɨɜɤɟ ɜɨɞɵ
,
ɩɪɟɞɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɧɨɣ ɞɥɹ
ɱɟɥɨɜɟɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɩɨɬɪɟɛɥɟɧɢɹ
).
ȼɨɞɨɩɨɞɝɨɬɨɜɤɚ ɨɛɹɡɚɬɟɥɶɧɚɹ
,
ɟɫɥɢ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ ɢɦɟɟɬ
ɛɨɥɶɲɭɸ ɩɪɨɬɹɠɟɧɧɨɫɬɶ ɢɥɢ ɩɪɢ ɱɚɫɬɨɦ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɢ ɩɨɞɩɢɬɤɢ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ
.
B
ȿɫɥɢ ɜ ɬɨɱɤɟ ɩɨɞɜɨɞɚ ɯɨɥɨɞɧɨɣ ɜɨɞɵ ɭɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɨ
ɭɦɹɝɱɟɧɢɹ
,
ɨɛɪɚɬɢɬɢɟ ɜɧɢɦɚɧɢɟ ɧɚ ɬɨ
,
ɱɬɨɛɵ ɧɟ ɫɥɢɲɤɨɦ ɦɧɨɝɨ ɫɧɢɡɢɬɶ
ɠɟɫɬɤɨɫɬɶ ɜɨɞɵ
.
ɇɚ ɫɚɦɨɦ ɞɟɥɟ ɷɬɨ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɩɪɢɜɟɫɬɢ ɤ ɩɪɟɠɞɟɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɦɭ
ɭɯɭɞɲɟɧɢɸ ɫɜɨɣɫɬɜ ɦɚɝɧɢɟɜɨɝɨ ɚɧɨɞɚ ɛɨɣɥɟɪɚ
.
ɋɢɫɬɟɦɚ ɡɚɳɢɬɵ ɨɬ ɡɚɦɟɪɡɚɧɢɹ
,
ɠɢɞɤɢɟ ɚɧɬɢɮɪɢɡɵ
,
ɞɨɛɚɜɤɢ ɢ ɢɧɝɢɛɢɬɨɪɵ
Ʉɨɬɟɥ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɨɣ ɡɚɳɢɬɵ ɨɬ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɪɡɚɧɢɹ
,
ɤɨɬɨɪɚɹ ɜɤɥɸɱɚɟɬ ɟɝɨ ɜ
ɪɟɠɢɦɟ ɨɬɨɩɥɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ
,
ɤɨɝɞɚ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɚ ɜɨɞɵ
,
ɩɨɞɚɜɚɟɦɨɣ ɜ ɨɬɨɩɢɬɟɥɶɧɭɸ
ɫɢɫɬɟɦɭ
,
ɨɩɭɫɤɚɟɬɫɹ ɧɢɠɟ
6°C.
ɗɬɚ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ ɨɬɤɥɸɱɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɪɢ ɨɬɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹ ɤɨɬɥɚ ɨɬ
ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ ɢ
/
ɢɥɢ ɝɚɡɨɜɨɣ ɦɚɝɢɫɬɪɚɥɢ
.
ɂɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɠɢɞɤɢɯ
ɚɧɬɢɮɪɢɡɨɜ
,
ɞɨɛɚɜɨɤ ɢ ɢɧɝɢɛɢɬɨɪɨɜ
,
ɪɚɡɪɟɲɚɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ
ɢ ɢɫɤɥɸɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ
,
ɟɫɥɢ ɢɯ ɢɡɝɨɬɨɜɢɬɟɥɶ ɞɚɟɬ ɝɚɪɚɧɬɢɸ
,
ɩɨɞɬɜɟɪɠɞɚɸɳɭɸ
,
ɱɬɨ ɟɝɨ
ɩɪɨɞɭɤɰɢɹ ɨɬɜɟɱɚɟɬ ɞɚɧɧɨɦɭ ɜɢɞɭ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɢ ɧɟ ɩɪɢɱɢɧɢɬ ɜɪɟɞɚ
ɬɟɩɥɨɨɛɦɟɧɧɢɤɭ
ɤɨɬɥɚ
ɢ
ɞɪɭɝɢɦ
ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɬɭɸɳɢɦ
ɢ
/
ɢɥɢ
ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɚɦ
,
ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɧɵɦ ɜ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢ ɤɨɬɥɚ ɢ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ
.
Ɂɚɩɪɟɳɚɟɬɫɹ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶ
ɠɢɞɤɨɫɬɢ
-
ɚɧɬɢɮɪɢɡɵ
,
ɞɨɛɚɜɤɢ ɢ ɢɧɝɢɛɢɬɨɪɵ
,
ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɨ ɧɟ ɩɪɟɞɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɧɵɟ ɞɥɹ
ɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ
ɜ
ɬɟɩɥɨɜɵɯ
ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɚɯ
ɢ
ɧɟɫɨɜɦɟɫɬɢɦɵɟ
ɫ
ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɚɦɢ
,
ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɧɵɦɢ ɜ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢ ɤɨɬɥɚ ɢ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ
.
ɋɨɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɟ ɫ ɛɨɣɥɟɪɨɦ ɞɥɹ Ƚȼɋ
ɗɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɧɚɹ ɩɥɚɬɚ ɚɝɪɟɝɚɬɚ ɩɪɟɞɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɞɥɹ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɜɧɟɲɧɢɦ
ɛɨɣɥɟɪɨɦ ɞɥɹ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɫɬɜɚ ɜɨɞɵ Ƚȼɋ
.
ɋɨɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɹ ɬɪɭɛ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɨɬɨɩɥɟɧɢɹ ɢ
Ƚȼɋ ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɛɵɬɶ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɵ ɜ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫɨ ɫɯɟɦɨɣ ɪɢɫ
. 16 (
ɧɚɫɨɫɵ ɢ
ɨɛɪɚɬɧɵɟ
ɤɥɚɩɚɧɵ
ɩɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ
ɨɬɞɟɥɶɧɨ
).
ȼɵɩɨɥɧɢɬɟ
:
ɷɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ
ɫɨɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɫɬɜɢɢ ɫɨ ɫɯɟɦɨɣ
cap. 5.4.
ɂɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɣɬɟ ɞɚɬɱɢɤ
LAMBORGHINI.
ɉɪɢ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɟɦ ɜɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɢ ɚɝɪɟɝɚɬɚ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɨɩɨɡɧɚɟɬ ɞɚɬɱɢɤ
ɛɨɣɥɟɪɚ ɢ ɚɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɧɚɫɬɪɚɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɧɚ ɪɚɛɨɬɭ ɫ ɧɢɦ
,
ɜɵɯɵɜɚɹ ɚɤɬɢɜɚɰɢɸ
ɞɢɫɩɥɟɹ ɢ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ
,
ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɵɟ ɞɥɹ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɜ ɪɟɠɢɦɟ Ƚȼɋ
.
3.4
ɉɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟ ɝɨɪɟɥɤɢ
ɀɢɞɤɨɬɨɩɥɢɜɧɨɟ ɢɥɢ ɝɚɡɨɜɨɟ ɝɨɪɟɥɨɱɧɨɟ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɨ ɫ ɩɨɞɞɭɜɨɦ ɞɥɹ ɝɟɪɦɟɬɢɱɧɵɯ
ɬɨɩɨɤ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɨ
,
ɟɫɥɢ ɟɝɨ ɪɚɛɨɱɢɟ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɢ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɬ
ɪɚɡɦɟɪɚɦ ɬɨɩɤɢ ɤɨɬɥɚ ɢ ɫɨɡɞɚɜɚɟɦɨɦɭ ɜ ɧɟɣ ɢɡɛɵɬɨɱɧɨɦɭ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɸ
.
ȼɵɛɨɪ
ɝɨɪɟɥɤɢ ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɬɶ ɧɚ ɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɢɣ ɢɡɝɨɬɨɜɢɬɟɥɹ
,
ɫ ɭɱɟɬɨɦ
ɪɚɛɨɱɢɯ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɨɜ
,
ɪɚɫɯɨɞɚ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɚ ɢ ɞɥɢɧɵ ɤɚɦɟɪɵ ɫɝɨɪɚɧɢɹ ɤɨɬɥɚ
.
Ɇɨɧɬɚɠ
ɝɨɪɟɥɤɢ ɞɨɥɠɟɧ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɬɶɫɹ ɫɨɝɥɚɫɧɨ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɹɦ ɢɡɝɨɬɨɜɢɬɟɥɹ
.
3.5
ɗɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɫɨɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɹ
ɉɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟ ɤ ɫɟɬɢ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ
B
ɗɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɶ ɚɩɩɚɪɚɬɚ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɩɪɢ ɟɝɨ
ɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɨɦ
ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɢ
ɤ
ɤɨɧɬɭɪɭ
ɡɚɡɟɦɥɟɧɢɹ
,
ɨɬɜɟɱɚɸɳɟɦɭ
ɬɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɢɹɦ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɯ ɧɨɪɦ ɬɟɯɧɢɤɢ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ
.
ɗɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɶ
ɤɨɧɬɭɪɚ ɡɚɡɟɦɥɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɟɝɨ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɟ ɧɨɪɦɚɦ ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɛɵɬɶ ɩɪɨɜɟɪɟɧɵ
ɤɜɚɥɢɮɢɰɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɦ ɩɟɪɫɨɧɚɥɨɦ
.
ɂɡɝɨɬɨɜɢɬɟɥɶ ɧɟ ɧɟɫɟɬ ɧɢɤɚɤɨɣ
ɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɡɚ ɭɳɟɪɛ
,
ɦɨɝɭɳɢɣ ɛɵɬɶ ɩɪɢɱɢɧɟɧɧɵɦ ɨɬɫɭɬɫɬɜɢɟɦ
ɡɚɡɟɦɥɟɧɢɹ ɚɝɪɟɝɚɬɚ
.
ɍɞɨɫɬɨɜɟɪɶɬɟɫɶ ɬɚɤɠɟ
,
ɱɬɨ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ
ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɟɬ
ɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɨɣ
ɩɨɬɪɟɛɥɹɟɦɨɣ
ɦɨɳɧɨɫɬɢ
ɚɝɪɟɝɚɬɚ
,
ɭɤɚɡɚɧɧɨɣ ɧɚ ɬɚɛɥɢɱɤɟ ɧɨɦɢɧɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ
.
ȼɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɢɟ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɫɨɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɤɨɬɥɟ ɭɠɟ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɵ
,
ɨɧ ɫɧɚɛɠɟɧ ɬɚɤɠɟ
ɫɟɬɟɜɵɦ ɲɧɭɪɨɦ ɬɢɩɚ
"Y"
ɛɟɡ ɜɢɥɤɢ
.
ɉɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟ ɤ ɫɟɬɢ ɞɨɥɠɧɨ ɛɵɬɶ
ɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɵɦ
,
ɩɪɢɱɟɦ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɦɟɫɬɨɦ ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹ ɤ ɫɟɬɢ ɢ ɤɨɬɥɨɦ ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ
ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɶ ɞɜɭɯɩɨɥɸɫɧɵɣ ɪɚɡɦɵɤɚɬɟɥɶ ɫ ɪɚɫɫɬɨɹɧɢɟɦ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɪɚɡɨɦɤɧɭɬɵɦɢ
ɤɨɧɬɚɤɬɚɦɢ ɧɟ ɦɟɧɟɟ
3
ɦɦ
,
ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɩɪɟɞɨɯɪɚɧɢɬɟɥɢ ɦɚɤɫ
.
ɧɨɦɢɧɚɥɨɦ
3A.
ɉɪɢ
ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɢ ɤ ɫɟɬɢ ɜɚɠɧɨɟ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɢɦɟɟɬ ɫɨɛɥɸɞɟɧɢɟ ɩɨɥɹɪɧɨɫɬɢ
(
ɮɚɡɚ
:
ɤɨɪɢɱɧɟɜɵɣ ɩɪɨɜɨɞ
/
ɧɟɣɬɪɚɥɶ
:
ɫɢɧɢɣ ɩɪɨɜɨɞ
/
ɡɟɦɥɹ
:
ɠɟɥɬɨ
-
ɡɟɥɟɧɵɣ ɩɪɨɜɨɞ
).
ɉɪɢ
ɦɨɧɬɚɠɟ ɢɥɢ ɡɚɦɟɧɟ ɫɟɬɟɜɨɝɨ ɲɧɭɪɚ ɡɟɦɥɹɧɨɣ ɩɪɨɜɨɞ ɞɨɥɠɟɧ ɛɵɬɶ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧ ɧɚ
2
ɫɦ ɞɥɢɧɧɟɟ ɨɫɬɚɥɶɧɵɯ
.
B
ɋɟɬɟɜɨɣ ɲɧɭɪ ɚɝɪɟɝɚɬɚ ɧɟ ɩɨɞɥɟɠɢɬ ɡɚɦɟɧɟ ɫɚɦɢɦ ɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɟɥɟɦ
.
ȼ
ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɩɨɜɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɹ ɫɟɬɟɜɨɝɨ ɲɧɭɪɚ ɜɵɤɥɸɱɢɬɟ ɚɝɪɟɝɚɬ
;
ɨɛɪɚɳɚɣɬɟɫɶ
ɞɥɹ ɟɝɨ ɡɚɦɟɧɵ ɢɫɤɥɸɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɤ ɤɜɚɥɢɮɢɰɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɦ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɢɫɬɚɦ
.
ȼ
ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɡɚɦɟɧɵ ɫɟɬɟɜɨɝɨ ɲɧɭɪɚ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɣɬɟ ɢɫɤɥɸɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɤɚɛɟɥɶ ɬɢɩɚ
“HAR H05 VV-F”
3x0,75
ɦɦ
2
ɫ ɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɵɦ ɜɧɟɲɧɢɦ ɞɢɚɦɟɬɪɨɦ
8
ɦɦ
.
Ɋɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɤɚ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɵ ɜɨɞɵ ɜ
ɫɢɫɬɟɦɟ ɨɬɨɩɥɟɧɢɹ
Ɋɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɬɶ ɤɚɤ ɫ ɩɭɥɶɬɚ ɞɢɫɬɚɧɰɢɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɫ
ɬɚɣɦɟɪɨɦ
,
ɬɚɤ ɢ ɫ ɩɭɥɶɬɚ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɤɨɬɥɨɦ
.
Ɋɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɤɚ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɵ ɜ
ɫɢɫɬɟɦɟ ɝɨɪɹɱɟɝɨ ɜɨɞɨɫɧɚɛɠɟɧɢɹ
(
Ƚȼɋ
)
Ɋɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɬɶ ɤɚɤ ɫ ɩɭɥɶɬɚ ɞɢɫɬɚɧɰɢɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɫ
ɬɚɣɦɟɪɨɦ
,
ɬɚɤ ɢ ɫ ɩɭɥɶɬɚ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɤɨɬɥɨɦ
.
ɉɟɪɟɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟ ɪɟɠɢɦɨɜ
"
Ʌɟɬɨ
"/
"
Ɂɢɦɚ
"
Ɋɟɠɢɦ
"
Ʌɟɬɨ
"
ɨɛɥɚɞɚɟɬ ɩɪɢɨɪɢɬɟɬɨɦ ɧɚɞ ɤɨɦɚɧɞɨɣ ɧɚ ɜɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟ ɨɬɨɩɥɟɧɢɹ
,
ɤɨɬɨɪɚɹ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɩɨɫɬɭɩɢɬɶ ɨɬ ɩɭɥɶɬɚ Ⱦɍ ɫ ɬɚɣɦɟɪɨɦ
.
ȼɵɛɨɪ ɪɟɠɢɦɨɜ
ECO/COMFORT
ɉɪɢ ɜɵɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɢ ɪɟɠɢɦɚ Ƚȼɋ ɫ ɩɭɥɶɬɚ Ⱦɍ ɤɨɬɟɥ ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɢɬ ɜ ɪɟɠɢɦ
"Economy".
ȼ
ɷɬɢɯ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɯ
ɤ
ɥɚɜɢɲɚ
7
ɪɢɫ
. 1
-
ɧ
ɚ ɩɚɧɟɥɢ ɤɨɬɥɚ ɨɬɤɥɸɱɟɧɚ
.
ɉɪɢ ɜɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɢ ɪɟɠɢɦɚ Ƚȼɋ ɫ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɚ Ⱦɍ ɫ ɬɚɣɦɟɪɨɦ ɤɨɬɟɥ ɭɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ
ɜ ɪɟɠɢɦ
Comfort.
ȼ
ɷɬɢɯ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɯ ɫ ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ
ɤ
ɥɚɜɢɲɢ
7
ɪɢɫ
. 1
-
ɧ
ɚ ɩɚɧɟɥɢ
ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɤɨɬɥɚ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɜɵɛɪɚɬɶ ɥɸɛɨɣ ɢɡ ɷɬɢɯ ɞɜɭɯ ɪɟɠɢɦɨɜ
.
ɉɥɚɜɚɸɳɚɹ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɚ
Ɋɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɜ ɪɟɠɢɦɟ ɩɥɚɜɚɸɳɟɣ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɵ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɶ ɤɚɤ ɫ
ɩɭɥɶɬɚ ɞɢɫɬɚɧɰɢɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ
,
ɬɚɤ ɢ ɫ ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɛɥɨɤɚ
ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɤɨɬɥɨɦ
:
ɩɪɢɨɪɢɬɟɬɨɦ ɨɛɥɚɞɚɟɬ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɜ ɪɟɠɢɦɟ ɩɥɚɜɚɸɳɟɣ
ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɵ
,
ɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɟɦɨɟ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɧɵɦ ɛɥɨɤɨɦ ɤɨɬɥɚ
.
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ɪɢɫ
. 16 -
ɋɯɟɦɚ ɫɨɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɣ ɫ ɜɧɟɲɧɢɦ ɛɨɣɥɟɪɨɦ
ɋɩɢɫɨɤ ɨɛɨɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɣ
8 -
ȼɵɯɨɞɧɨɣ ɲɬɭɰɟɪ ɤɨɧɬɭɪɚ
Ƚȼɋ
9 -
ȼɯɨɞɧɨɣ ɲɬɭɰɟɪ ɤɨɧɬɭɪɚ Ƚȼɋ
10 -
ɉɨɞɚɸɳɢɣ ɬɪɭɛɨɩɪɨɜɨɞ ɜ
ɤɨɧɬɭɪ ɨɬɨɩɥɟɧɢɹ
11 -
Ɉɛɪɚɬɧɵɣ ɬɪɭɛɨɩɪɨɜɨɞ ɢɡ
ɤɨɧɬɭɪɚ ɨɬɨɩɥɟɧɢɹ
8
9
10
11
