Katadyn PowerSurvivor 40E, Owner'S Manual

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Appendix
A collection of useful information for the Katadyn watermaker owner
Glossary
Membrane Preservative
a chemical used to inhibit biological growth in the reverse osmosis
membrane during storage or extended periods of non-use.
Filter
a device which removes suspended solids from a fluid stream. A filter is not the same as a reverse
osmosis membrane.
Micron
a metric unit of measurement equal to one thousandth of a millimeter, or one millionth of a
meter.
Osmosis
the process of diffusion between two water sources through a semipermeable membrane,
resulting in both water sources striving to reach an equilibrium in the concentrations of dissolved
substances.
Pickling
a slang term for the process of flushing the membrane with membrane preservative (see
Membrane Preservative).
Potable
suitable for drinking, especially water. With regard to a desalinator, it is generally defined as
water with 1500 ppm or lower of dissolved solids that is relatively free of harmful microorganisms.
PPM
parts per million. Used as a measure of the quantities of substances dissolved in water.
Prefilter
a filter placed in a desalinator system to remove suspended solids from the feed water before
it reaches the high pressure pump and reverse osmosis membrane.
Pressure Relief Valve
a valve that relieves pressure in a system to prevent damage to system
components. In the PowerSurvivor 40E , the relief valve is set to open at 1000 psi, to prevent damage to
the pump and membrane.
Product Freshwater
potable water produced by the reverse osmosis process.
PSI
pounds per square inch — a unit for measuring pressure.
Reverse Osmosis (RO)
a reversal of the natural osmosis process between two fluids which occurs
when water is forced under pressure through a semipermeable membrane. It produces potable water.
Salinity
a measure of the amount of salts, minerals, and other dissolved solids contained in a water
source. Salinity (see TDS) is measured in ppm.
Salt
the common name for the chemical sodium chloride. Open-ocean seawater is about 3.3 %
dissolved salt, or about 33,000 ppm of sodium chloride.
Seal
a device (such as an o-ring) used to prevent fluid leakage between two system components.
Semipermeable
the characteristic of some materials (e.g., a reverse osmosis membrane) that makes
them relatively porous to some substances while blocking the passage of others. Unlike normal filters,
semipermeable membranes usually operate at the molecular or atomic level, allowing much finer
“filtering” than simple mechanical filters.
TDS
Total Dissolved Solids — a type of measure commonly used to indicate the purity of water, usually
expressed in ppm. A standard TDS meter measures only the electrical conductivity of the water being
tested. Therefore, it is only able to measure dissolved substances that are ionized in solution (e.g., sea
salt). In particular, they do
not
indicate the presence of non-ionized substances, such as bacteria, viruses
and many other soluble chemicals.