GROUND ZERO GZUB 10BR
URANIUM SERIES
Verified with KLIPPEL
®
GROUND ZERO is using the worldwide accepted KLIPPEL
®
R&D Analyzer KA3 measurement system for
speaker development during the German in-house development as well as for QC reporting for most
production lines at the factory. The results of LPM and LSI measurements are the basis for evaluating and
verifying further development enabling to offer perfectly working products in any practical application.
Continuous and advanced trainings for development employees ensure the highest possible qualification.
The Linear Parameter Measurement (LPM) module of the KLIPPEL
®
Analyzer System is dedicated to
identifying the electrical and mechanical small signal (Thiele/Small) parameters of electro-dynamical
transducers with high accuracy. It is based on the electrical impedance by measuring the voltage and
current at the speaker terminals. An additional benefit of the displacement measurement is the
identification the suspension creep parameters, resulting in better accuracy of the loudspeaker model at
low frequencies. The LPM provides tools to identify and avoid typical problems such as poor signal to
noise ratio and malfunction due to nonlinear effects of the driver or amplifier limiting.
The Large Signal Identification (LSI) module measures the linear, nonlinear and thermal parameters of
transducers operated in free air. The transducer is operated under normal working conditions (vertical
position and fixed clamped in a laser stand or enclosure). Starting in the small-signal domain, the
amplitude is gradually increased up to limits admissible for the particular transducer. The maximal
amplitude is determined automatically using the identified transducer parameters and general protection
parameters describing the thermal and mechanical load. The identification of the model parameters is
performed in real time with an adaptive system. It is based on the estimation of the back EMF from the
voltage
U(t)
and current signal
I(t)
measured at the electrical terminals. The identified model allows
locating the sources of the nonlinear distortion and their contribution to the radiated sound. The dynamic
generation of a DC-part in the displacement, amplitude compression and other nonlinear effects can be
investigated in detail. After the initial identification, a temporal parameter variation and long-term thermal
effects can be investigated.
KLIPPEL
®
R&D hardware and dB-Lab software for LPM/LSI measurements meet the following standards:
Consumer Electronics Association
CEA-2031(LSI module)
International Electrotechnical Commission
IEC 60268-5, IEC 60268-7, IEC 60268-22, IEC 62458,
IEC 62459, IEC WD 63034
European Standards
BS EN 54-24
Audio Engineering Society
AES2
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
IEEE 269, IEEE 1206, IEEE 1329, IEEE 1652
KLIPPEL
®
is a registered trademark of
KLIPPEL GmbH
