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15

Grey Scale Applications

Metastases are sometimes slightly hyperechoic or hypoechoic compared with the sur-
rounding tissue. If the scanner is not measuring grey levels accurately, the metastases
may not be detected. The Quantitative Measurement ensures that the grey level signal
is measured consistently. The Qualitative Measurement ensures that grey levels are
displayed on the monitor consistently. By performing these tests, the user can deter-
mine the optimal system settings for measuring grey levels, which can then be used in
clinical applications.

Summary of Contents for 403 GS LE

Page 1: ...403 GS LE Precision Multi Purpose Phantoms User s Guide...

Page 2: ...cale Targets 11 Pin Targets 11 Resolution Target Group 11 Phantom Specifications 13 Physical Specifications 13 Tissue Mimicking Background Material 13 Harmonic Imaging 14 Grey Scale Applications 15 Sy...

Page 3: ...erns are small offering better axial resolution tests Grey Scale targets are set at 6 dB 6 dB and high scatter relative to the background material and with equivalent attenuation properties A 10 mm an...

Page 4: ...ation Weigh your 403GS LE to monitor desiccation Weigh the phantom when you first receive it and then every 6 months Record the val ues on the data sheet Do not drop or damage the phantom Return the p...

Page 5: ...oil or lanolin based gels as a coupling medium Poor transmis sion is a result of insufficient coupling Do not press the transducer into the scanning surface This damages the scan ning surface and wil...

Page 6: ...cking gel in the 403GS LE is ultrasonically similar to human tissue This allows the use of normal scanner control settings and ensures that the measured performance closely approxi mates the scanner s...

Page 7: ...ou may notice that the tissue echoes near the bottom of the phantom fade into noise The depth at which usable echoes disappear is called the depth of penetration The depth markers on the phantom label...

Page 8: ...targets Repeat for two of the horizontal pin targets The vertical pins have 2 cm spacing while the horizontal pins have 3 cm spacing Use these pin targets to determine vertical distance accuracy and...

Page 9: ...target groups and compare the resolution at various depths Axial resolution may change with depth 8 Scan the nearest cystic target group Each target should be round with a clean black appearance and...

Page 10: ...e brightness of the targets Notice how noise in the anechoic target becomes apparent as the gain increases If your system has image post processing capabilities observe how the contrast between target...

Page 11: ...of sound 1540 10 m s Temperature dependence on speed of sound 1 5 m s C Contrast 6 dB 6 dB high scatter relative to background Pin Targets Diameter 0 1 mm Vertical spacing 2 cm at 2 16 cm deep Horizo...

Page 12: ...12...

Page 13: ...ofilament Tissue Mimicking Background Material Water based gel with appearance of human tissue Speed of sound 1540 10 m s Attenuation coefficient 0 7 0 05 dB cm MHz 0 5 0 05 dB cm MHz refer to phantom...

Page 14: ...ch attenuation as there would be if the higher frequency were used to generate the pulses at the transducer So higher frequency resolution occurs for greater depths within the subject than if conven t...

Page 15: ...tely the metastases may not be detected The Quantitative Measurement ensures that the grey level signal is measured consistently The Qualitative Measurement ensures that grey levels are displayed on t...

Page 16: ...nt the contrast or difference in brightness between different echo levels will remain constant If the shape of the S curve changes the relative image brightness for each echo level will also change Fo...

Page 17: ...d to B 1 Bo 1 and B 1 Changes in the system response can be identified by measuring the average pixel value of the grey scale targets and the background material as displayed on the video moni tor Pix...

Page 18: ...rform the test in the same manner each time Method Define a region of interest and measure the average echo level Procedure Baseline Test 1 Scan the grey scale targets and display them as large as pos...

Page 19: ...e anechoic target Use as close to the same ROI as the target as possible Un freeze the image 5 Perform this process three times and record the average echo level for each grey scale target and for the...

Page 20: ...roduce variations in your data and potentially invalidate your results Method Assign a step on the grey bar to each grey scale target and the background Procedure 1 Assign a unique number to each grey...

Page 21: ...ng for Your Phantom section For most climate controlled environments the phantom weight should be checked every six months Phantoms used in high temperature low humidity environments or in mobile situ...

Page 22: ...y Seller upon Seller s ex amination Buyer shall pay all transportation charges SELLER SHALL NOT BE OTHERWISE LIABLE FOR ANY DAMAGES INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO INCIDENTAL DAMAGES CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGE...

Page 23: ...hours are Monday through Friday 7 30 am to 5 00 pm Central Time 1 800 GAMMEX 1 426 6391 1 608 828 7000 1 608 828 7500 Fax e mail sales gammex com Service Department hours are Monday through Friday 7 3...

Page 24: ...24 Notes...

Page 25: ...25 Notes...

Page 26: ...0 www gammex com e mail sales gammex com Gammex RMI LTD Broadway Business Centre 32A Stoney Street Nottingham NG1 1LL United Kingdom 44 0115 9247188 Fax 44 0115 9247189 e mail uksales gammex com Gamme...

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