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18
Tip:
If you want to achieve the optimum output of the fuel cell, fl ush all the air out of the fuel
cell. To do this, continue producing hydrogen until the last of the water has been pressed out of
the oxygen storage cylinder and into the overfl ow chamber above it.
Experiment 1:
Measure how much hydrogen is produced in a certain period of time during the
production of hydrogen and oxygen. Measure the time needed for the hydrogen
storage cylinder to become completely fi lled with hydrogen (20ml hydrogen).
Observe the effect that the light intensity has on the time required.
If the light intensity is high, more hydrogen is produced during the same time. If the light inten-
sity is too low, no hydrogen is produced at all.
If you use a 100 W light bulb as a light source at a distance of 30cm from the solar modules, it
takes around 15min for the hydrogen storage cylinder to completely fi ll with gas.
Experiment 2:
Observe the quantity of water displaced in the two overfl ow chambers while
hydrogen and oxygen are being produced. What can you observe?
Twice as much hydrogen is produced as oxygen. Why?
Water (H
2
O) consists of compounds of hydrogen (H
2
) and water (O
2
). These compounds are
called water molecules. A water molecule consists of two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen
atom. When the molecule is split during electrolysis, twice as many hydrogen molecules are
produced as oxygen molecules.
2 H
2
O
Electrolysis
2 H
2
+
O
2
H
H
O
2 water molecules
2 hydrogen molecules
1 oxygen molecule
H
H
O
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