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Fagor 8040 CNC - FEATURES, Manual

The Fagor 8040 CNC - FEATURES manual is a comprehensive guide for users of this cutting-edge CNC machine. Packed with valuable insights and instructions, this free manual is available for download on our website. Learn all about the remarkable features of the Fagor 8040 CNC and optimize your machine's performance. Download your copy at manualshive.com.

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Self-teaching Manual

Chapter 6  Page 6

MC Model

Conversational part-programs

Choose the operation and define
the parameters.

Repeat these steps with the other operations. In our case, the finished part-program

will be:

Program number

Summary of Contents for 8040 CNC - FEATURES

Page 1: ...REF 0307 SOFT M 7 XX SOFT M 7 1X 8040 CNC NEW FEATURES ...

Page 2: ...Page 2 of 2 8040 CNC NEW FEATURES SOFT M 7 XX SOFT M 7 1X ...

Page 3: ...ory home search 13 22 Change of active tool from the PLC 14 23 Synchronize a PLC axis with a CNC axis 14 24 Error register 15 25 Path JOG mode 15 26 Tool inspection 17 27 New instructions in the configuration language 17 28 Improvements in tool compensation 18 29 Improvements in high speed machining 19 30 New graphics option 20 31 Improvement in the tool measuring cycle PROBE1 20 31 1 Measure or c...

Page 4: ...l offset 45 5 New management of the distance coded reference mark I0 46 6 Improved look ahead 46 7 Leadscrew error compensation in both directions 46 8 Parameters accessible from the oscilloscope or OEM subroutine 47 8 1 Axis parameters that may be modified from the oscilloscope 47 8 2 General parameters modifiable from the oscilloscope 47 8 3 Machine parameters modifiable from an OEM program 47 ...

Page 5: ...d DNC and it can only be used inside a tool change subroutine OPMODE Variable This variable also returns the following code Probe canned cycle for surface measurement PROBE 3 The moving direction with K1 is as shown in this figure Connection of the KS50 55 adapter The installation manual describes how to use this adapter but the correct connection is the following 25 Rapid simulation with S 0 56 U...

Page 6: ... It starts the spindle if programmed The axes move at maximum feedrate F0 regardless of the F that was programmed and it may be varied with the Feedrate Override switch 2 Sampling period From this version on on the 8055 C and 8055i C models that do not have the CPU turbo it is possible to set a sampling period of 2 milliseconds g m p LOOPTIME P72 The following values may be allocated to plc m p CP...

Page 7: ...uate the external switch to update the software version as indicated in section 2 2 of the Operating Manual To update the CNC software proceed as follows Remove the Memkey Card and insert the Memory Card that contains the software version to be updated Access the Diagnosis mode Software Configuration and press the Load version softkey The CNC will show the software updating stages and their status...

Page 8: ... offsets geometry user parameter OEM parameter etc Read global and local arithmetic parameters individually using variables GUPn and LUP a b The installation and programming manuals describe how to use these variables Having telediagnosis display CNC screens at the PC in remote mode via serial line or via MODEM Having telediagnosis dial the telephone number associated with the modem at the PC 9 Te...

Page 9: ... via serial line or via modem select the telediagnosis option b of the WINDNC application From this moment on the CNC may be governed either from its own keyboard or remotely from the PC keyboard The PC will display the same information screens as the CNC It is possible to access the different CNC modes modify tables and parameters when knowing the password simulate programs etc For safety reasons...

Page 10: ...iguration The bit will be 1 when the relevant configuration is available From now on bits 24 25 26 indicate the type of monitor and bits 27 28 the CPU turbo board being used MPGn MP X C n MPSn MPSSn MPASn MPLCn These variables related to machine parameters that until now were read only from this version on can be read and written from the CNC in the following cases When they are executed inside an...

Page 11: ... it is only enabled at the CNC Only programs located in RAM memory may be consulted If the defined program number does not exist it issues Error 69 Program does not exist If the defined block number does not exist it issues error 1060 undefined label If the requested axis is not programmed in the indicated block it returns the value 100000 0000 Spindle related variables DRPOS Position indicated by...

Page 12: ... for the X C axis Is read only from the CNC DNC and PLC BSIN X C B signal of the CNC sinusoidal feedback for the X C axis Is read only from the CNC DNC and PLC ASINS A signal of the CNC sinusoidal feedback for the spindle Is read only from the CNC DNC and PLC BSINS B signal of the CNC sinusoidal feedback for the spindle Is read only from the CNC DNC and PLC SASINS A signal of the CNC sinusoidal fe...

Page 13: ... RAM memory containing the two blocks defined by the N labels If parameter P is not defined the CNC interprets that the portion to be repeated is located in the same program If the defined program number does not exist it issues Error 69 Program does not exist Warning 15 Improved non random tool magazine management When the tool changer is configured as non random the tools must be placed in the t...

Page 14: ...ing the O attribute On the MC and MCO models when using OEM parameters in the configuration programs these programs must have the O attribute If they don t an error will be issued when editing a user cycle that refers to OEM parameters in write mode General machine parameters ROPARMIN and ROPARMAX may be used to protect any global parameter user and OEM included against being written There is no r...

Page 15: ... feedrate of the axes and the spindle turning speed FLIMIT P75 SLIMIT P66 The a m p FLIMIT sets the maximum feedrate for each axis and the s m p SLIMIT sets the maximum turning speed for each spindle FLIMITAC M5058 When the PLC sets this signal high it limits the feedrate of all the axes It does not let any feedrate to exceed the value set by the corresponding a m p FLIMIT P75 SLIMITAC M5059 When ...

Page 16: ...ion it is recommended to manage from the PLC the variables associated with speed limits as shown in the following example A new part program cannot be executed without previously entering the speed limit Otherwise a message will be displayed If the program is executed again the limit does not have to be entered again it is only required when executing the program for the first time While executing...

Page 17: ... program in execution AND CPS R102 NE 0 and the S has been limited from MDI MOV R101 R201 it copies the number of the program in execution MOV R102 R202 and the S limitation from MDI M102 If same program in execution AND CPS R102 NE 0 and the S is limited again from MDI MOV R102 R202 it copies the S limitation from MDI M100 If program in execution AND CPS R202 LT R103 and S limitation from MDI S l...

Page 18: ...ically in the tool magazine proceed as follows 1 Cancel the tool TOOL 0 and TOD 0 2 Assign the relevant position using the TMZT variable When trying to write in variables TOOL NXTOOL TOD and NXTOD check the OPMODA variable to make sure that no block or part program is being executed or simulated The following bits must be at 0 23 Synchronize a PLC axis with a CNC axis To synchronize an axis of the...

Page 19: ...logic outputs of all the axes it also cancels the synchronization To end synchronization cancel the SYNCHRO general input of the PLC axis To assure that the PLC axis recovers its position after the synchronization it is recommended to use other 2 special M functions one at the CNC and another one at the PLC 24 Error register The CNC screen of the STATUS mode offers the softkey BB Pressing this sof...

Page 20: ...nction is on or off It only moves the selected axis and in the indicated direction Considerations It assumes as axis feedrate the one selected in JOG mode and it is affected by the override If F0 is selected it assumes the one indicated by a m p JOGFEED P43 The Rapid key is ignored The movements in Path JOG observe the travel limits and zone boundaries The movements in Path JOG may be aborted By p...

Page 21: ...tered in each field When trying to enter a greater value the relevant message will be displayed Warning 27 New instructions in the configuration language The new token UNMODIFIED of the configuration language indicates that the associated element must not take the editing focus UNMODIFIED It is programmed as a prefix of the instructions W1 GUP100 It may be used to associate the W1 data with the va...

Page 22: ...t plane there is an intermediate vertical movement and at an angle greater than 270º it is recommended to check the CNC s behavior as shown next At the beginning of the compensation the tool should be positioned before penetrating into the part The additional block must be x0 It approaches the starting point going around the corner x1 it goes directly perpendicular to the point without going aroun...

Page 23: ...e look ahead has been increased From 50 blocks to 75 The extreme cases have been improved such as small blocks of a few microns in order to machine faster and more smoothly Jerk control can now be applied in Look ahead g m p JERKACT P160 and TLOOK P161 Using Jerk in Look ahead a trapezoidal acceleration profile is applied with a ramp slope equivalent to the maximum jerk of the axis The maximum jer...

Page 24: ...r of blocks executed and assign the resulting value in microseconds to g m p TLOOK P161 We recommend the use of the oscilloscope function and verify that the internal variable VLOOKR remains constant which means that there is no vibration 30 New graphics option GRAPHICS P16 New value 4 for g m p GRAPHICS It is similar to 0 value Mill model graphics but with different XY line graphics It is availab...

Page 25: ...ibrate the tool length Measure or calibrate the tool length on its shaft It is carried out with the spindle stopped It is useful for drilling tools ball end mills or tools whose diameter is smaller than the probe s probing surface Calibration format PROBE 1 B I0 F J0 X U Y V Z W Format for wear measurement PROBE 1 B I0 F J1 L C X U Y V Z W Parameters J L C are optional If not programmed the follow...

Page 26: ...o the tool offset selected in the tool offset table If the dimension of each cutting edge was requested N parameter the measured values are assigned to global arithmetic parameters P271 and on Once the wear measuring cycle has ended When using tool life monitoring it compares the measured value with the theoretical length assigned in the table B Safety distance with positive value greater than 0 I...

Page 27: ...e tool with another one of the same family It sets the rejected tool indicator status R It activates the general logic output PRTREJEC M5564 P299 measured length theoretical length L L theoretical length it maintains the previous value K measured length theoretical length L New wear value B Safety distance with positive value greater than 0 I2 Measure or calibrate the radius of a tool F Probing fe...

Page 28: ... If the dimension of each cutting edge was requested N parameter the measured values are assigned to global arithmetic parameters P271 and on 31 3 Measure or calibrate the tool radius and length It may be carried out either with the spindle stopped or turning the in the programmed direction opposite to the cutting direction Calibration format PROBE 1 B I3 F J0 K D E S N X U Y V Z W Format for wear...

Page 29: ... them it issues a tool rejected message and acts as follows D Radius or distance referred to the tool shaft being for length measurement or calibration With D0 on the tool shaft and if not programmed on the tip E Distance referred to the theoretical tool tip being probed It is very useful with cutters whose bottom is not horizontal S Tool turning speed and direction Select the opposite of the cutt...

Page 30: ... a password How to operate To access the Oscilloscope mode select Op Mode Diagnosis Adjustements Scope Define the variables to be analyzed the trigger conditions and the machine parameters of the CNC or the drive to be modified Execute a part program moving the axis or axes to be adjusted Capture data and then analyze it Once data capture has ended or has been interrupted it is possible to analyze...

Page 31: ...bles the following softkeys 32 1 Configuration To define the variables to be analyzed the trigger conditions and the machine parameters of the CNC or the drive to be modified It offers 2 screens one to set the parameters and the other one to define the variables and trigger conditions On the screen for defining variables and the trigger condition it is possible to go from block of elements to anot...

Page 32: ...ter Editing screen the CNC machine parameter table and the drive s work parameters are updated The Save Parameters softkey is also activated on the Configuration Parameters screen We suggest to access that screen and press the Save Parameters softkey to save the parameter tables that have been changed those of the CNC into the CARDA and those of the drive in its FLASH If only the CNC parameters ha...

Page 33: ... feedrate FTEO X C Theoretical X C axis feedrate FLWE X C X C axis following error ASIN X C A signal of the CNC sinusoidal feedback for the X C axis BSIN X C B signal of the CNC sinusoidal feedback for the X C axis DRPO X C Position indicated by the Sercos drive of the X C axis SREAL Real actual spindle turning speed FTEOS Theoretical spindle turning speed FLWES Spindle following error ASINS A sig...

Page 34: ...y are synchronized Sample T It indicates the sampe period or the time period between data captures It is given in milliseconds integers between 1 and 1000 between 1ms and 1s When analyzing CNC variables the sample period must be a multiple of the loop time If it is not a message is displayed indicating that it has been automatically rounded off The sample time may be shorter than the CNC loop time...

Page 35: ...ate P27 MINANOUT Immediate P28 SERVOFF Immediate P29 BAKANOUT Immediate P30 BAKTIME Immediate P37 MAXVOLT Immediate P38 G00FEED Beginning of the next block P59 ACCTIME2 Beginning of the next block P60 PROGAIN2 Immediate P61 DERGAIN2 Immediate P62 FFGAIN2 Immediate P67 JERKLIM Beginning of the next block Number Parameter Update P2 MAXGEAR1 Beginning of the next block P3 MAXGEAR2 Beginning of the ne...

Page 36: ...on the screen If the configuration makes not sense for example because the CNC does not have an axis that that configuration refers to the CNC will warn the user and it will only load the portion of the configuration read until that error came up Delete To delete one of the saved configurations press the Delete softkey select it from the list on the screen and press Enter Reset Pressing the Reset ...

Page 37: ... them t To select the first or second cursor use the teclas Ï Ð keys to place the focus in the C1 or C2 fields respectively Then use the Í Î keys or page up page down to move the signal or press one of these keys To select another portion of the sample use the Ï Ð keys to place the focus in the Win field Then use the Í Î keys or page up page down to move the signal or press one of these keys Holdi...

Page 38: ...ame as the ones edited last the softkey disappears until a new modification is made 32 5 Actions It is available on the following screens Parameter Editing Analysis and Scales Offsets It is very useful when not having an alpha numeric keyboard MC or MCO operator panels because it shows several softkeys to change the data of each field amplitude of the signals vertical movement time base position o...

Page 39: ...outine 9998 is executed before the part program and subroutine 9999 after the part program 34 MC model Maintain F S y Smax on power up MAINTASF P162 This g m p indicates whether on CNC power up the F S and Smax values are maintained or initialized With MAINTASF P162 1 the CNC acts as follows It assumes the G94 G95 feedrate set by g m p IFEED P14 but it restores the F in mm min G94 and the F in mm ...

Page 40: ... and modify its I K and D data Change the active tool T xx Start Rest of cases program neither in execution nor in tool inspetion When editing the active tool it is possible Modify all the data Change the active tool T xx Start When NOT editing the active tool it is possible Modify all the data except the part dimensions Change the active tool T xx Start The I and K values The values entered in th...

Page 41: ...define up to 4 auxiliary M functions in each one The auxiliary functions are executed at the beginning of the stage where they have been defined roughing or finishing To use this feature set g m p CODISET P147 Conversational Display SETing Operations or Cycles COCYF1 Probe 1 bit 2 COCYF2 COCYF3 Profile milling 1 bit 1 Profile milling 2 bit 2 COCYF4 Surface milling bit 1 Slot milling bit 2 COCYF5 P...

Page 42: ...g of several points Repeat previous coordinate If a coordinate is left blank the cycle will assume that it is a repetition of the previous one Example Incremental coordinates The coordinates of each point may also be defined incrementally To do that position over the desired coordinate and press the a key The X and Z coordinates of the selected point will be shown preceded by the icon that indicat...

Page 43: ...be defined Ds Safety distance for the probe approach F Probing feedrate A Type of calibration or measurement Calibrate the length or measure the tool length wear along its shaft Calibrate the length or measure the tool length wear on its tip Calibrate the radius or measure the radius wear of a tool Calibrate the radius and the length or measure the radius and length wear of a tool To select the de...

Page 44: ... in this zone To select the desired one position in the Machine Parameters Programmable Parameters field and press the a key d When the length calibration or measurement is done on the tip it indicates the radius or distance with respect to the tool shaft being probed h When calibrating the radius it indicates the distance referred to the theoretical tool tip being probed It is very useful with cu...

Page 45: ...User notes NEW FEATURES SOFT M 7 XX Page 41 of 48 8040 CNC ...

Page 46: ...User notes NEW FEATURES SOFT M 7 XX Page 42 of 48 8040 CNC ...

Page 47: ... It admits TTL and differential TTL feedback Connector X10 X11 X12 and X13 Feedback inputs for the axes It admits 1Vpp TTL and differential TTL feedback Value Work units Format in degrees Format in mm Format in inches 0 radius 5 3 5 3 4 4 1 radius 4 4 4 4 3 5 2 radius 5 2 5 2 5 3 3 radius It is not displayed 4 diameters 5 3 5 3 4 4 5 diameters 4 4 4 4 3 5 6 diameters 5 2 5 2 5 3 Pin Signal and Fun...

Page 48: ... and G51 E0 1 a program with many small blocks at least 1000 For example X0 1 Y0 1 Z0 1 Measure the program execution time making sure that the machine does not vibrate Divide the execution time by 1000 or the number of blocks executed and assign the resulting value in microseconds to g m p TLOOK P161 To optimize this parameter decrease the calculated value and execute the same program until the m...

Page 49: ...d s m p FFGAIN P25 should be set to zero This may be done by setting the range of gains through g m p ACTGAIN2 P108 with the bit corresponding to G75 G76 4 Square corner or round corner machining when changing tool offset When executing a tool change the change takes place at the end of the path Using g m p TOOLTYPE P167 it is possible to define how to machine the corner where the tool offset is b...

Page 50: ... leadscrew error compensation From this version on it is possible to define a different leadscrew compensation for each moving direction This is defined in the leadscrew compensation tables Each row of the table contains the following data The position of the axis to be compensated The amount of error of the axis at that point In the positive direction The amount of error of the axis at that point...

Page 51: ...parameters modifiable from the oscilloscope can also be changed from an OEM program using the following variables The new values are updated according to the tables described in chapter 32 Oscilloscope function It is not necessary to press RESET or SHIFT RESET to update the values Software compatibility with respect to version V7 11 When updating from a version older than V7 11 It maintains the va...

Page 52: ...User notes NEW FEATURES SOFT M 7 1X Page 48 of 48 8040 CNC ...

Page 53: ...Operating Manual MC option Ref 0204 ing ...

Page 54: ...The information described in this manual may be subject to variations due to technical modifications FAGOR AUTOMATION S Coop Ltda reserves the right to modify the contents of the manual without prior notice ...

Page 55: ...ging with an Electronic Handwheel 10 2 4 4 FEED HANDWHEEL 11 2 4 5 Master Handwheel 12 2 5 Tool control 13 2 5 1 Tool change 14 2 5 1 1 Variable tool change point 15 2 5 2 Tool calibration 16 2 5 2 1 Define the tool in the tool table 17 2 5 2 2 Tool measurement 18 2 5 2 3 Modify values while in execution 19 2 6 Spindle control 20 2 7 Control of external devices 21 2 8 ISO code management 22 3 WORK...

Page 56: ...ts 38 3 13 2 Multiple positioning in a straight line 39 3 13 3 Multiple positioning in an arc bolt hole pattern 41 3 13 4 Multiple positioning in a parallelogram pattern 43 3 13 5 Multiple positioning in a grid pattern 44 4 STORAGE OF PROGRAMS 4 1 List of stored programs 2 4 2 See content of a program 3 4 2 1 Seeing the operations in detail 3 4 3 Edit a new part program 4 4 3 1 Storage of an opera...

Page 57: ...cts character R Specific keys for the MC model Enable Selection and definition of Machining Operations Governing external devices Selecting the spindle s operating mode Selecting single or automatic execution mode The JOG key Enables Moving the axes of the machine Governing the spindle Modifying the feedrate of the axes and the spindle speed Starting and stopping execution ...

Page 58: ...f Warning Programs P999997 and P999998 are associated with the software version Fagor Automation shall not be held responsible of any possible malfunction if programs P999997 and P999998 contained in user RAM memory have been erased or do not correspond to the software version Some of the routines reserved for the CNC itself have the following meaning 9998 Routine to be executed by the CNC at the ...

Page 59: ... of a line is as follows Nr of text explanatory remark not displayed Text to be displayed Examples General text The CNC treats this as a remark 44 Feedrate M MIN The CNC treats this as a remark 44 M MIN This is message 44 and the text M MIN is displayed 44 Feedrate M MIN This is message 44 and has the explanatory remark Feedrate which is not displayed and the text M MIN is shown Notes regarding me...

Page 60: ...rogram P999997 cannot be found because it has been erased it is re initialized like after power up After modifying the texts of program P999997 turn the CNC off and back on to assume the new texts When changing a language software version or adding conversational modes MC MCO new software features the CNC carries out the following operations The texts that were being used are saved into CARD A as ...

Page 61: ...To access this operating mode press any key If there is no page 0 the CNC will display the standard screen for the selected work mode There are two operating modes MC mode and M mode To switch from one mode to the other press The standard MC mode screen is Warning CNC setting should be done in M mode Some errors must be eliminated in the M mode 1 General Concepts 1 3 Power up ...

Page 62: ...hitting the keystroke sequence To recover the video signal just press any key On the other hand when receiving any message PLC program etc the CNC also recovers the display 1 6 HANDLING THE CYCLE START KEY In order to avoid unwanted executions when keying sequences not supported in the MC mode the CNC changes the color of the CYCLE START icon located at the top of the window from green to grey and...

Page 63: ...Chapter 2 page 1 MC work mode 2 Operating in JOG mode 2 OPERATING IN JOG MODE The standard MC operating mode screen is If one presses key The CNC displays the special MC operating mode screen ...

Page 64: ...e following data The X Y Z coordinates of the axes In small characters the axis coordinates referred to machine zero reference home This values are very useful when allowing the operator to set a tool change position see zone 6 The CNC does not show this data when text 33 has not defined in program 999997 The coordinates of the auxiliary axes which are defined The real spindle rpm S 5 The informat...

Page 65: ... spindle The actual spindle speed S The condition of the spindle This is represented by an icon and can be turning to the right to the left or idle The of the spindle speed being applied The active spindle range The range of the active spindle The CNC does not display this information when text 28 of program 999997 is not defined 8 Whenever a work cycle is accessed the CNC shows the help text asso...

Page 66: ...ows the lines of the program being executed 5 The X Each axis has the following fields available COMMAND States the coordinate programmed that is the position that the axis must reach ACTUAL States the actual coordinate or actual position of the axis TO GO States the distance that the axis has still to go to reach the coordinate programmed FOLLOWING ERROR Difference between the theoretical and rea...

Page 67: ...econds hundredths of second Whenever the execution of a program is started even though this is repetitive this variable assumes value 0 TIMER States the reading of the clock enabled by the PLC It is expressed in format hours minutes seconds 7 Reserved 8 Reserved Warning Whenever a part program or an operation stored as part of a part program is selected for simulation or execution the CNC selects ...

Page 68: ...ey for the axis required or The CNC will frame the position for said axis to indicate that this is selected 2nd Enter the value required for preset of the axis To exit coordinate preset press 3rd Press so that the CNC assumes said value as the new value for the point The CNC requests confirmation of the command Press to confirm or to exit preset 2 2 3 HANDLING THE FEEDRATE OF THE AXES F To set any...

Page 69: ...e part zero or zero offset that is active at the time A home search routine general machine parameter P34 other than 0 has to be defined Otherwise the CNC will display the relevant error Home search on a single axis To carry out the search for machine reference zero for only one axis the key for the required axis should be pressed as well as the key for machine reference zero search In either case...

Page 70: ...gic input the movement will be made in the following way If the PLC sets this mark at a low logic level 0V the axis will only move while the relevant JOG key is pressed If the PLC sets this mark at a high logic level 24V the axis will start to move when the JOG key is pressed and will not stop until said JOG key or another JOG key is pressed again and in this case the movement is transferred to wh...

Page 71: ...is at a time To do this press the JOG key for the direction of the axis to be moved Each time a key is pressed the corresponding axis moves the amount set by the switch This movement effects the F feedrate selected Position of the switch Movement per turn 1 0 001 mm or 0 0001 inches 10 0 010 mm or 0 0010 inches 100 0 100 mm or 0 0100 inches 1000 1 000 mm or 0 1000 inches 10000 10 000 mm or 1 0000 ...

Page 72: ...ton is available the selection of the axis to be moved can also be done in the following way Press the push button located on the rear of the handwheel The CNC will select the first of the axis and display this in highlighted text If the push button is pressed again the CNC will select the following axis making this selection on a rotative basis If the push button is held down for longer than 2 se...

Page 73: ...set with values 21 29 Example The machine has a button to activate and deactivate this feature feed handwheel and the feedrate control is carried out with the second handwheel CY1 R101 0 Resets the register containing the previous handwheel reading END PRG DFU I71 CPL M1000 Every time the button is pressed mark M1000 is inverted M1000 MSG1 If the feature is active a message is displayed NOT M1000 ...

Page 74: ...ivates or deactivates the master handwheel mode through logic CNC input MASTRHND M5054 M5054 0 Standard handwheel mode ON M5054 1 Master handwheel mode ON The PLC must indicate the type of jogging path to follow through logic CNC input HNLINARC M5053 M5053 0 Linear jog M5053 1 Circular jog The following example uses the O2 key to activate and deactivate the master handwheel mode and the O3 to indi...

Page 75: ...umber T of the selected tool The offset number D associated with the tool The coordinates for the tool change point The CNC does not display this window when text 47 of program 999997 is not defined To select any other tool take the following steps 1st Press The CNC will frame the tool number 2nd Enter the tool number to be selected To exit the selection process press 3rd Press key for the CNC to ...

Page 76: ...age for requesting tool change M0 Program stop and wait until START is pressed MSG Erases previous message IF P102 EQ 1 GOTO N10 Recovers turning direction of spindle IF P101 EQ 0 RET M3 RET N10 M4 RET After completing the subroutine the CNC executes function T sends the PLC all the information required for the latter to handle the tool change and assumes the new values for the tool tool offsets g...

Page 77: ... be modified by the operator at any time the subroutine associated with the tools must take these values into account Arithmetical parameters P290 P291 and P292 contain the values set by the operator as change position on X Y Z Arithmetic parameter P290 Change position on X Arithmetic parameter P291 Change position on Y Arithmetic parameter P292 Change position on Z In subroutine 55 of the previou...

Page 78: ...phics for the tool calibration 3 Window for tool calibration 4 Current machine status Actual real X Y Z coordinates actual axis feedrate F actual spindle speed S and T tool currently selected 5 Tool number and its Offset number 6 Length and offset values set in the tool offset table 7 Nominal life real life family and status of the table set in the tool table To calibrate the tool take the followi...

Page 79: ...t has been measured the CNC updates the L and K fields The CNC assumes R I as the real tool radius and L K as the real tool length To set these values select the corresponding field using the key in the desired value and press Define the rest of the data associated with the tool Nominallife Machiningtime inminutes ornumberofoperations that the tool may carry out Actuallife Machiningtimealreadyelap...

Page 80: ...e I value to the radius R and the K value to the length L for calculating the real dimensions R I and L K to be used Every time the R or L value is defined the CNC sets the I and K fields respectively to zero The I and K values are accumulative That is if the I value is 0 20 and a value of 0 05 is entered the CNC assigns a value of 0 25 to the I field When defining I 0 or K 0 each one of them is r...

Page 81: ...corresponding to it and resets its K field to 0 The tool radius R has to be entered manually To calibrate another tool Select at the machine number Approach the tool to the part and touch it with it Then 2 5 2 3 MODIFY VALUES WHILE IN EXECUTION The tool values dimensions and geometry may be modified without having to interrupt program execution To do this press the CNC will show the Tool Calibrati...

Page 82: ...etical spindle speed being applied To change this percentage press 4 Spindle status turning clockwise turning counterclockwise or stopped To change the spindle status press 5 Currently selected spindle speed range When using an automatic tool changer this value cannot be modified When NOT using an automatic tool changer press and then use the key until the current value is highlighted Enter the ra...

Page 83: ...keys The relevant Register bit will have value 1 when the key is pressed and value 0 when this is not pressed The Register bit for each one of the keys is as follows The status of the light for each one of these keys must be controlled by the machine manufacturer by means of the PLC program with the MCLED input variables shown in the figure being available for this purpose Examples Control of the ...

Page 84: ... in the JOG mode When accessing the ISO mode a special screen comes up where up to 6 program blocks may be edited in ISO code or in high level language Example ISO G95 G96 S120 M3 G0 Z100 G1 X30 F0 1 Once the desired block or blocks have been edited press The upper right hand side of the screen will display the symbol From this moment on the edited blocks may be simulated executed or stored like a...

Page 85: ...Boring operation 2 levels Surface and slot milling Reaming operation Pocket with 2D and 3D profile Tapping operation Rectangular circular boss Drilling 3 levels center punching Rectang 2 circular 2 pocket Profile milling operation 2 levels Positioning 2 levels When the machining operation or cycle has several levels the key must be pressed to select the desired cycle level The Boring Reaming Tappi...

Page 86: ...ration 6 Machining conditions for the operation The CNC will highlights an icon a coordinate or one of the operation or cycle defining data To select another icon data or coordinate one can a Use the keys the CNC selects the previous one or the next one b Press or The CNC selects the first coordinate for that axis By pressing that key again it will select the next coordinate for that axis c Press ...

Page 87: ...is data key in the desired value and press Spindle speed S Place the cursor over this data key in the desired value and press Spindle turning direction Place the cursor over this data and press Machining tool T Place the cursor over this data key in the desired value and press It is also possible to access the Tool calibration mode to check or change the data corresponding to the selected tool To ...

Page 88: ...face Part surface It is defined with parameter Z The tool moves in rapid G00 to the safety plane Zs it keeps on going in rapid to the approach plane up to 1mm off the part surface and finally it moves at machining feedrate G01 down to the part surface The approach to the part surface depends on the tool position If it is above the safety plane left drawing it first moves on X and Y and then on Z I...

Page 89: ...own screen and the main window of the cycle indicates with tabs the available levels and which one is currently selected To change levels use the key or the Page up and Page down keys to scroll up and down through the different levels 3 Work with operations or cycles 3 1 Operation editing mode 3 1 3 Cycle level ...

Page 90: ...Execution mode Press to switch from the Editing mode to the Execution mode Press one of these keys to switch from the Execution mode to the Editing mode The operation or cycle can be simulated in any of the two modes To do that press For further information refer to the chapter on Execution and Simulation To execute the operation or cycle select the Execution mode and press For further information...

Page 91: ...he operation being edited in the background cannot be executed or simulated nor the current axis position be assigned to a coordinate To inspect or change a tool while background editing proceed as follows Press to interrupt execution and resume background editing Press To quit background editing Press To go into tool inspection Pressing the T key while in background editing it selects the T field...

Page 92: ...Xn Yn and the machining conditions in Z Zs Z P I Fz On the other hand in the data area for the roughing operation one must define whether the milling operation is to be carried out with or without tool radius compensation Level2 One must define The starting point X Y the Profile Program number and the machining conditions in Z Zs Z P I Fz On the other hand in the data area for the roughing operati...

Page 93: ...g all 12 definition points the first unused point must be defined with the same coordinates as those of the last point of the profile Machining conditions in Z Zs Z P I Fz The machining conditions are defined one by one The Zs and Z values are defined like the coordinates of the starting and end points To define the rest of the values P I Fz place the cursor in the corresponding window key in the ...

Page 94: ...ust edited Enter the desired comment and press If no comment is desired press Modify an existing Profile program To modify a Program key in its number and press The CNC will display the profile currently defined in the window for the profile editor One can Add new elements at the end of the current profile Modify the data of any element Modify or insert chamfers roundings etc Delete elements from ...

Page 95: ...e roughing operation and the finishing stock δz in the data area for the finishing operation Slot milling operation One must define The type of slot milling the starting point X1 Y1 the dimensions of the slot to be milled L H E and the machining conditions in Z Zs Z P I Fz In the roughing area define the milling step and the machining direction In the finishing area define the finishing stocks δ a...

Page 96: ...he corner where it will start milling Possible values The E and α α data are defined one by one Go to the relevant window key in the desired value and press When programming an E value smaller than the tool radius the CNC mills with an E value equal to the tool radius Machining conditions in Z Zs Z P I Fz They are defined one by one The Zs and Z values are defined like the starting and end points ...

Page 97: ...lue and press When programming parameter E with a smaller value than the tool radius the CNC executes the planning with an E value equal to the tool radius Machining conditions in Z Zs Z P I Fz The machining conditions are defined one by one The Zs and Z values are defined like the starting and end points To define the rest of the values P I Fz place the cursor in the corresponding window key in t...

Page 98: ...Chapter 3 page 14 MC work mode 3 Work with operations or cycles 3 4 Surface and slot milling operations Milling the different slot types clockwise ...

Page 99: ...leand orthose of the non vertical islands up to a maximum of 4 Programming pockets with 2D profiles When defining the Profile one must specify the contour or contours of the islands besides the outside contour of the pocket The machining operation in Z is defined by means of Coordinate of the safety plane Zs Coordinate of the part surface Z Pocket depth P Step in Z I Penetration feedrate in Z Fz I...

Page 100: ...eration in Z is defined by means of The coordinate of the safety plane Zs Coordinate of the part surface Z Pocket depth P Roughing pass in Z I1 Penetration feedrate in Z Fz Semi finishing pass in Z I2 In the area for roughing data the following must be defined Lateral penetration angle β Milling pass In the area for finishing data the following must be defined Tool tip radius R Finishing stock on ...

Page 101: ...ding window roughing or finishing operation key in the desired value and press Lateral penetration angles β β θ θ Place the cursor in the corresponding window roughing or finishing operation key in the desired value and press Finishing stocks on the walls δ δ and at the bottom δ δz Place the cursor in the corresponding window finishing operation key in the desired value and press Finishing tool ti...

Page 102: ...equests a comment to be associated with the Profile Program just edited Enter the desired comment and press If no comment is desired press Modify an existing Profile program To modify a Program key in its number and press The CNC will display the profile currently defined in the window for the profile editor One can Add new elements at the end of the current profile Modify the data of any element ...

Page 103: ...Chamfer 15 Enter Escape Finish Save Profile Example of how to define a 2D profile with islands 2D Pocket Profile 2 Recall Configuration Abscissa axis X Ordinate axis Y Autozoom Yes Validate Profile outside profile Starting Point X 20 Y 0 Validate Straight X 20 Y 40 Validate Straight X 145 Y 40 Validate Straight X 145 Y 40 Validate Straight X 20 Y 40 Validate Straight X 20 Y 0 Validate Corner Chamf...

Page 104: ... 3D Pocket 2 P XY 4 Recall Configuration Abscissa axis X Ordinate axis Y Autozoom Yes Validate Profile outside profile Starting Point X 20 Y 0 Validate Straight X 20 Y 40 Validate Straight X 145 Y 40 Validate Straight X 145 Y 40 Validate Straight X 20 Y 40 Validate Straight X 20 Y 0 Validate New Profile island Circle X 62 5 Y0 Xc 82 5 Yc 0 Validate Finish Save Profile P Z1 2 Recall Configuration A...

Page 105: ... the machining direction In the finishing area define the finishing stocks δ and δz the number of finishing passes and the machining direction Circular boss cycle One must define The center coordinates Xc Yc the boss radius R the amount of material to be removed Q and the machining conditions in Z Zs Z P I Fz In the roughing area define the milling step and the machining direction In the finishing...

Page 106: ...al to be removed They are defined one by one The center coordinates Xc Yc are defined like the starting and end points To define the rest of the values R Q place the cursor in the corresponding window key in the desired value and press Machining conditions in Z Zs Z P I Fz They are defined one by one The Zs and Z values are defined like the starting and end points To define the rest of the values ...

Page 107: ...angular pocket cycle Level 2 One must define The starting point X Y the dimensions of the pocket L H the inclination angle a the type of corner and the machining conditions in Z Zs Z P I Fz In the area for roughing data define the lateral penetration angle β the milling pass and the machining direction Intheareaforfinishingdata definethelateralpenetrationangle θ thefinishing stocks δ and δz the nu...

Page 108: ...ning direction Circular pocket cycle level 2 Useful for machining pre emptied pockets or rings One must define The center coordinates Xc Yc the inside radius Ri the outside radius Re and the machining conditions in Z Zs Z P I Fz In the area for roughing data define the lateral penetration angle β the milling pass and the machining direction Intheareaforfinishingdata definethelateralpenetrationangl...

Page 109: ...d rounding or chamfer is not possible the CNC will make a chamfer or rounding with the largest possible value Circular pocket Center coordinates and radii They are defined one by one The center coordinates Xc Yc are defined like the starting and end point To define the radii R Ri Re place the cursor in the corresponding window key in the desired value and press Machining conditions in Z Zs Z P I F...

Page 110: ...ration is carried out from the center of the pocket out and following the first machining path The passes are carried out as often as needed and the operation always concludes at the center of the pocket In the circular pocket the penetration is carried out from the center of the pocket following a helical path with a radius equal to the that of the tool while keeping the machining direction The p...

Page 111: ...different ways Level 1 One must define Thetargetpoint X Y Z theaxesmovementsequenceandthetypeoffeedrate Level 2 One must define The target point X Y Z the axes moving sequence the type of feedrate and the auxiliary functions M to be executed before and after the movement 3 Work with operations or cycles 3 8 Positioning 2 levels ...

Page 112: ...upper right hand window Press Axes moving sequence All three axes at the same time First the Z axis and then in the plane X and Y axis at the same time Firs in the plane X and Y at the same time and then the Z axis To select the moving sequence place the cursor over this icon and press Type of axis feedrate Programmed feedrate Rapid feed To select the type of feedrate place the cursor over this ic...

Page 113: ... the quill it is possible to orient the spindle and retract the quill before the exit movement thus avoiding scratching the part One must define The machining point X Y the coordinate of the safety plane Zs the coordinate of the part surface Z The total machining depth P the dwell at the bottom t and the orientation and quill retraction data αs x y The Boring operation may be carried out in the in...

Page 114: ...ing conditions are defined one by one The Zs and Z values are defined like those of the machining point To define the rest of the values P t place the cursor in the corresponding window key in the desired value and press Type of exit at level 1 The exit movement may be carried out in two ways At machining feedrate G01 and with the spindle turning In rapid G00 and with the spindle stopped To select...

Page 115: ...e by one After placing the cursor over the axis coordinates one can a Enter the value by hand Key in the desired value and press b Assign the current axis position Jog the axis to the desired point with the handwheel or the JOG keys The upper right hand window shows the tool position at all times Press for the selected data to assume the value appearing in the upper right hand window Press Machini...

Page 116: ...the safety plane Zs the coordinate of the part surface Z the total machining depth P and the dwell at the bottom t and the type of Tapping The Tapping operation can be carried out in the indicated position X Y or a positioning may be associated with it by means of the keys as described later on 3 Work with operations or cycles 3 11 Tapping operation ...

Page 117: ...e tool position at all times Press for the selected data to assume the value appearing in the upper right hand window Press Machining conditions in Z Zs Z P t The machining conditions are defined one by one The Zs and Z values are defined like those of the machining point To define the rest of the values P t place the cursor in the corresponding window key in the desired value and press Type of ta...

Page 118: ...lane Zs the coordinate of the part surface Z the total machining depth P and the dwell at the bottom t and the type of center punching Drilling operation Level 1 One must define The drilling point X Y the coordinate of the safety plane Zs the coordinate of the part surface Z the total machining depth P the drilling peck and the dwell at the bottom t 3 Work with operations or cycles 3 12 Drilling a...

Page 119: ...ing operation Level 3 It is possible to set the withdrawal position Zr after each penetration One must define The machining point X Y the coordinate of the safety plane Zs the coordinate of the part surface Z the withdrawal position Zr the total machining depth P the drilling peck I the dwell at the bottom t The Center Punching and Drilling operations may be carried out in the indicated position X...

Page 120: ...nd window Press Machining conditions in Z Zs Z Zr P I t B The machining conditions are defined one by one The Zs and Z values are defined like the coordinates of the machining point To define the rest of the values Zr P I t B place the cursor in the corresponding window key in the desired value and press One must define The machining point X Y the machining conditions in Z Zs Z t and the type of c...

Page 121: ...ys the CNC selects the corresponding type of positioning and it changes the display It keeps the lamp ON of the key corresponding to the selected operation Boring Reaming etc and the bottom of the screen shows the data for that operation The types of multiple positioning that can be selected with each key are At random points In a straight line In a bolt hole pattern In a parallelogram pattern In ...

Page 122: ...n The coordinates are defined one by one After placing the cursor over the axis coordinates one can a Enter the value by hand Key in the desired value and press b Assign the current axis position Jog the axis to the desired point with the handwheel or the JOG keys The upper right hand window shows the tool position at all times Press for the selected data to assume the value shown in the upper rig...

Page 123: ... points N 3 The coordinates of the first point X1 Y1 The inclination angle α Total distance from first to last point L Distance between points I 4 The coordinates of the first point X1 Y1 The inclination angle α Total distance from first to last point L Number of points N 5 The coordinates of the first point X1 Y1 The inclination angle α Number of points N Distance between points I To select the d...

Page 124: ...Enter the value by hand Key in the desired value and press b Assign the current axis position Jog the axis to the desired point with the handwheel or the JOG keys The upper right hand window shows the tool position at all times Press for the selected data to assume the value shown in the upper right hand window Press To define the rest of the values I N α L place the cursor in the corresponding wi...

Page 125: ...coordinates of the first point X1 Y1 The center coordinates Xc Yc The number of points N The angle of the last point τ 4 The coordinates of the first point X1 Y1 The center coordinates Xc Yc The number of points N The angular distance between points β 5 The coordinates of the first point X1 Y1 The radius R The angle of the first point α The number of points N The angle of the last point τ 6 The co...

Page 126: ...y one After placing the cursor over the axis coordinates one can a Enter the value by hand Key in the desired value and press b Assign the current axis position Jog the axis to the desired point with the handwheel or the JOG keys The upper right hand window shows the tool position at all times Press for the selected data to assume the value shown in the upper right hand window Press To define the ...

Page 127: ... in X and Y Nx Ny The rotation angle α The rotation angle β To select the desired one place the cursor over the icon and press Point definition The coordinates are defined one by one After placing the cursor over the axis coordinates one can a Enter the value by hand Key in the desired value and press b Assign the current axis position Jog the axis to the desired point with the handwheel or the JO...

Page 128: ... in X and Y Nx Ny The rotation angle α The rotation angle β To select the desired one place the cursor over the icon and press Point definition The coordinates are defined one by one After placing the cursor over the axis coordinates one can a Enter the value by hand Key in the desired value and press b Assign the current axis position Jog the axis to the desired point with the handwheel or the JO...

Page 129: ...ined in the chapter on working with operations or cycles This chapter explains how to operate with these part programs and has the following sections and subsections for this purpose List of programs stored See the content of a program See one of the operations in detail Edit a new part program Storage of an operation or cycle Erase a part program Copy one part program in another Modify a part pro...

Page 130: ...t are stored in the CNC s memory When there are more programs than those displayed in the window use keys and to move the pointer over the list of programs To go forward or backward page by page use the following combinations of keys and The right hand column will display the cycles and or ISO coded blocks that said part consists of After selecting the program list the CNC will let you Create a ne...

Page 131: ...n each one of the columns and to change the column After selecting an operation the CNC allows Seeing the operation in detail Erasing the operation Moving the operation to another position Modifying the operation 4 2 1 SEEING THE OPERATIONS IN DETAIL After selecting the operation required with the pointer press The CNC will display all the data for said operation Now you can Simulate the operation...

Page 132: ...N OR CYCLES A block or cycle can be added at the end of the program after the last operation or inserted between 2 existing operations To store the block or cycle follow these steps Define the desired block or cycle assigning the relevant data to it Press to access the list of part programs stored Use the pointer to select the program number required in the left hand column and go on to the right ...

Page 133: ...take the following steps Press to access the list of part programs stored Use the pointer to select in the left hand column the part program to be copied Press At the bottom the CNC will display a message requesting the number to be assigned to the copy Type in the program number required and press This must be a number between 1 and 899999 and both numbers can be used If there is already a part p...

Page 134: ...operation selected and update the right hand column If you press the operation is not erased and the erasing operation is left 4 6 2 MOVING AN OPERATION TO ANOTHER POSITION To move an operation to another position take the following steps Use the pointer to select the operation to be moved from the right hand column Press The CNC will display this operation in highlighted text Place the cursor aft...

Page 135: ...s operation Modify all the data required To store the modified operation again Press to access the list of part programs stored The CNC displays the pointer over the same operation To select another position use keys The new operation will be inserted after this point Press If one wishes to place the modified operation in its previous location the CNC will display a message asking if one wishes to...

Page 136: ...ution can be done from beginning to end or alternatively press key for this to be executed or simulated step by step The CNC enables execution or simulation of Any operation or cycle A part program An operation stored as part of a part program Warning Whenever a part program or an operation stored as part of a part program is selected for simulation or execution the CNC selects this part program i...

Page 137: ...ting mode Execution Mode Simulation The operation or cycle can be simulated in both operating modes To do this press The CNC will display the graphic representation page for the M model Execution An operation or cycle can only be executed in the cycle execution mode The operation or cycle cannot be executed when the cycle editing mode is selected To exit the edition mode and go on to execution mod...

Page 138: ... be executed or simulated in the right column Press to simulate the part program and to execute it Warning Whenever a section of the part program is executed the CNC does not execute the initial subroutine 9998 associated with all part programs 5 3 SIMULATING OR EXECUTING A STORED OPERATION To simulate or execute an operation which is stored as part of a part program do the following Press to acce...

Page 139: ...rating mode screen After selection the operation or part can be executed as many times as necessary To do this after execution once more press During execution of the operation or part one can press to access the graphic representation mode To stop execution press After stopping the execution the CNC allows a tool inspection to be made See the following section 5 Execution and simulation 5 4 Execu...

Page 140: ...e CNC displays the Tool Calibration screen It is possible to change the tool dimensions offsets I K to compensate for tool wear or the values for tool geometry To exit this screen and return to the previous one while staying in tool inspection press Resume program execution To resume program execution press The CNC will reposition the tool moving it to the point where tool inspection started Two c...

Page 141: ...lecting a new display zone the CNC erases the screen showing the axes or the unmachined part The zone displayed cannot be modified during execution or simulation of the piece In this case stop execution or simulation by pressing Zoom This function allows the graphic representation zone to be increased or reduced in size It displays a window superimposed on the graphic represented and another on th...

Page 142: ...ps At the top right hand side of the screen use keys to select the type of path and the keys to select the color to be applied For the CNC to assume said values press Erase screen When this option is selected the CNC erases the screen and displays the axes or the unmachined part The screen cannot be erased during simulation of the part In this case stop simulation by pressing the key After selecti...

Page 143: ...Self teaching Manual MC option Ref 0112 ing ...

Page 144: ... Keyboard description 4 3 1 3 Description of the standard screen 6 3 1 4 Description of the auxiliary screen 7 3 2 Home search 8 3 2 1 Maintaining the part zero 8 3 2 2 Without maintaining the part zero 9 3 3 Spindle 10 3 3 1 Speed ranges gears 10 3 3 2 Spindle control 11 3 4 Axis jog 12 3 4 1 Handwheels 13 3 4 2 JOG 14 3 4 3 Automatic axis movement to a particular position 15 3 5 Tools 16 3 5 1 T...

Page 145: ... 5 7 Boring operation 9 5 8 Reaming operation 10 5 9 Threading operation 11 5 10 Drilling and Center punching operations 12 5 11 Multiple positioning at several points 14 5 12 Multiple positioning in a straight line 15 5 13 Multiple positioning in an arc 16 5 14 Multiple positioning in parallelogram pattern 17 5 15 Multiple positioning in grid pattern 18 5 16 Profile editor 19 Capítulo 6 Conversat...

Page 146: ...p 5 Rectangular pocket 7 Step 6 Center punching multiple positioning at several points 8 Step 7 Center punching multiple positioning in parallelogram pattern 9 Step 8 Drilling multiple positioning at several points 10 Step 9 Drilling multiple positioning in parallelogram pattern 11 Step 10 Tapping multiple positioning in parallelogram pattern 12 Step 11 Part program 13 ...

Page 147: ...Chapter 1 Theory on CNC machines ...

Page 148: ... CNC machines This chapter describes How to name the axes of the machine What machine reference zero and part zero are What Home Search is What travel limits are How to preset a part zero Which are the work units Programming units Spindle speed Axis feedrate ...

Page 149: ...ng Manual Chapter 1 Page 3 MC Model Theory on CNC machines The orientation of the axes depends on the type of machine and are established by the rule of the right hand 1 1 Machine Axes Axes orientation Rotary axes ...

Page 150: ...s manual uses the following axes configuration Two types of movements can be distinguished on a machine those of the machine X Y and that of the tool itself Z But for programming them let us assume the movements of the tool with respect to the machine Thus the axes would be ...

Page 151: ...P OP They are the references the machine needs in order to work Machine ref zero OM It is set by the manufacturer and it is the origin point for the axes Part zero OP It is set by the operator It is the part s origin or datum point with respect to which the movements are programmed It could be set anywhere on the part ...

Page 152: ...ching home the axes move to the home point set by the manufacturer and the CNC assumes the value of the coordinates set by the manufacturer for that point NOTE With the new feedback systems with distance coded reference marks it is possible to know the position of the axes by moving them a short distance This way the concept of Machine Reference home no longer applies OM Tool ref Home OM Tool ref ...

Page 153: ...Physical limits There are two types of limits Hard limits Mechanical limits set on the machine to prevent the carriage from moving beyond the ways cams and hardstops CNC limits Set at the CNC by the manufacturer to prevent the carriage from running into the machine s hard limits CNC limits ...

Page 154: ...part is different for each one A different program would be needed for each part By programming from Part zero OP it would be independent of the actual location of the part Programming gets complicated when done from Machine ref zero OM and it is only good for that part in that particular location By programming from Part zero OP the part dimensions may be taken straight from the blueprint OM OM O...

Page 155: ... machines 1 6 Work units Programming units They are set by the manufacturer and may be in millimeters or inches Sindle speed The spindle turning speed is programmed in RPM Axis feedrate The feedrate of the axes F is programmed in m min millimeters inches RPM F F ...

Page 156: ...Chapter 2 Theory on tools ...

Page 157: ...l Theory on tools This chapter describes What the tool turret is What the tool table is and what information it contains What tool presetting is Defects due to errors in the tool table Due to wrong tool calibration Due to wrong tool radius values ...

Page 158: ...ay be placed in a tool magazine Depending on whether the machine has or not a tool magazine the tool change may be carried out as follows If the machine does not have a tool magazine the tool change is manual like on a conventional machine If the machine has a tool magazine the CNC manages the tool change automatically ...

Page 159: ...he tool data is stored in the tool table When a tool change takes place the CNC assumes the data set for that tool The data shown in the table is T TOOL NUMBER D OFFSET ASSOCIATED WITH THE TOOL It defines the tool dimensions L Tool length R Tool radius I Radius wear K Length wear ...

Page 160: ...arried out FAMILY Tools with similar characteristics STATUS Tool type N Normal S Special Tool status A Available E Expired Real life Nominal life R Rejected by the PLC This data is updated by the CNC The operator cannot change them When requesting an expired or rejected tool the CNC looks for a tool of the same family If there is one it will select it if not it will issue the corresponding error m...

Page 161: ...ation Tool calibration refers to the operation used to indicate to the CNC the length of the tool This operation must be carried out properly so the parts come out with the right dimensions and the same point is controlled after a tool change Different tool dimensions same point ...

Page 162: ...del Theory on tools Z1 Real dim Z2 Wrong dim Z2 Real dim Right part dimensions Wrong machining Tools calibrated wrong Proper machining Tools calibrated right Part to be machined Tools DEFECTS DUE TO WRONG LENGTH CALIBRATION Wrong part dimensions ...

Page 163: ...g Manual Chapter 2 Page 8 MC Model Theory on tools DEFECTS DUE TO WRONG RADIUS VALUES Wrong radius Residual stock There is a residual stock due to different radii Real radius Real profile Desired profile PART TOOL ...

Page 164: ...Chapter 3 Hands on training ...

Page 165: ...Search Maintaining the part zero Without maintaining the part zero How to operate with the spindle What the speed ranges gears are How to jog the axes Handwheels incremental and continuous JOG etc How to handle tools Types of tool changer Manual or automatic Tool calibration Tool table Tool change position How to check the tool calibration ...

Page 166: ...creen and keyboard description 3 1 1 Power up On power up the CNC will display the following screen Screen for the MC mode NOTE Refer to the Operation Manual Chapter 2 Section 2 3 If this screen is not displayed it is because the CNC is in M mode To enter in MC mode press ...

Page 167: ... MC Model Hands on training 3 1 2 Keyboard description 1 Keys to define the machining operations 2 Keys for external devices 3 Alphanumeric keyboard and command keys 4 Operator panel NOTE Refer to the Operation Manual Chapter 2 Section 2 1 ...

Page 168: ...es jogging keys 2 Work mode selector Continuous JOG incremental JOG or with handwheel 3 Selection of spindle turning direction and start up Spindle speed override percentage 4 Keys for CYCLE START and CYCLE STOP 5 Axis feedrate override percentage NOTE Refer to the Operation Manual Chapter 2 Section 2 1 ...

Page 169: ...r Reset and PLC messages 2 CNC messages 3 Tool position referred to part zero and to home Actual real spindle rpm 4 Selected axis feedrate and applied override 5 Tool information 6 Spindle information Selected speed and override percentage applied maximum rpm and spindle status turning clockwise counter clockwise or stopped and active range 7 Help messages NOTE Refer to the Operation Manual Chapte...

Page 170: ... information Movement target point COMMAND current tool position ACTUAL remaining distance TO GO and difference between the theoretical axis position and its actual position FOLLOWING ERROR or axis lag Spindle information programmed theoretical speed speed in rpm speed in m min 5 Status of the active G and M functions Number of consecutive parts executed with the program PARTC execution time for a...

Page 171: ...oved while the CNC was off A Home Search can be carried out in two ways 3 2 1 Maintaining the part zero The Home Search is carried out on the three axes at the same time The CNC does not know the position of the axes Press OP Tool Ref NOTE Refer to the Operation Manual Chapter 3 Section 3 3 The CNC shows the coordinates referred to the OP considering the tool dimensions OM OP OM ...

Page 172: ...Search is carried out on one axis at a time The CNC does not know the position of the axes Home search on the Z axis Press Home search on the X and Y axes Press Press Tool Ref NOTE Refer to the Operation Manual Chapter 3 Section 3 3 The CNC shows the coordinates referred to OM considering the tool dimensions OM OM ...

Page 173: ...ne can have a gear box By means of RANGES we can choose the best gear ratio for the programmed spindle speed RANGE 1 RANGE 2 Constant Power Constant Power Power If the work speed is between N1 and N2 RANGE 1 should be used and if between N2 and N3 RANGE 2 Always try to work at constant power in order to extend tool life Power ...

Page 174: ...nformation Start the spindle clockwise Stop the spindle Start the spindle counter clockwise Increase or decrease the override percentage applied to the spindle turning speed Use the following keys of the operator panel to start the spindle NOTE Refer to the Operation Manual Chapter 3 Section 3 6 1 Selected speed Applied percentage Turning direction Active spindle range ...

Page 175: ...ector switch JOG keys Each key is used for moving the axis in one direction according to the axes of the machine Section 1 1 Handwheel It can have one two or three handwheels The axes move in the turning direction of the handwheels To jog the axes we will use Continuous movement Incremental movement Handwheel jog ...

Page 176: ...h the handwheels If the machine has 1 handwheel Select an axis with the JOG keys The machine moves the axis as the handwheel is being turned If the machine has 2 or more handwheels The machine moves an axis with each handwheel NOTE Refer to the Operation Manual Chapter 3 Section 3 4 3 S W ITCH P O S ITIO N D istance per line of the handwheel dial 1 1 m icron 10 10 m icron 100 100 m icron ...

Page 177: ...xis moves at the feedrate of the selected feedrate F override percentage 0 to 120 Enter the feedrate value Feedrate value Modify the percentage of the programmed feedrate 1 0 001 mm 10 0 010 mm 100 0 100 mm 1000 1 000 mm 10000 10 000 mm Move the axes with the JOG keys Jog the axes with the JOG keyboard If is pressed while the axes are moving they will move at the fastest feedrate possible set by t...

Page 178: ... movement to a particular position By means of the key an axis may be moved to a particular coordinate Follow these steps Select the axis to be moved at the stantard screen Enter the value of the destination point Press The axis will move to the programmed point at the selected feedrate ...

Page 179: ...nual tool changer The tool change is carried out like on a conventional machine Change the tool on the machine Press Enter the tool number so the CNC assumes the values of the corresponding tool table Press Machine with automatic tool changer Press Enter the tool number Press The CNC manages the tool change NOTE Refer to the Operation Manual Chapter 3 Section 3 5 1 ...

Page 180: ...l calibration Just before calibrating the tools a Home Search must be carried out on all axes Home search on the Z axis Home search on the X and Y axes A flat surface is needed for calibrating the tools Use continuous JOG or handwheels for level milling the surface Home OM OM ...

Page 181: ...NC displays the tool calibration screen Height of the part used for tool calibration Data on current tool status Actual position of the axes and cutting conditions Work mode Help graphics NOTE Refer to the Operation Manual Chapter 3 Section 3 5 2 NOTE Use to move the cursor around Tool number Tool dimensions ...

Page 182: ...e 2 Start the spindle 3 Select the tool to be calibrated The CNC will assign the same tool offset number D tool number 5 Jog the axes until touching the part along the Z axis Press NOTE Refer to the Operation Manual Chapter 3 Section 3 5 2 2 6 Enter the rest of the data Radius Nominal life Real life and family code The K value is set to zero when calibrating To calibrate another tool repeat steps ...

Page 183: ... values T D R L I K Nominal Life Real Life or Family enter in the calibration mode and press Tool number The CNC shows the data for that tool To change it place the cursor over the value to be modified key in the new value and press To quit the calibration mode press NOTE Refer to the Operation Manual Chapter 3 Section 3 5 2 1 ...

Page 184: ... position Tool change position referred to home Enter the X Y and Z values of the point chosen as the tool change position X value Y value Z value When a tool change is required and if the machine manufacturer has set it this way the CNC will move the axes to this position for a tool change NOTE Refer to the Operation Manual Chapter 3 Section 3 5 1 1 ...

Page 185: ...or proper calibration Preset the part zero Approach the tool along Y Press Withdraw the tool Part Zero position Start the spindle touch the part surface with several tools and check the values on the screen The tools are different but the values on the screen must be the same Approach the tool along X Press OP OM ...

Page 186: ...Chapter 4 Automatic Operations ...

Page 187: ...ociated with the automatic operations Which are the various work modes Example of an operation and a positioning cycle How to edit the parameters of the operation and what they mean How to simulate an operation and which are the graphic parameters How to execute an operation Tool inspection Tool wear compensation ...

Page 188: ...Self teaching Manual Chapter 4 Page 3 MC Model Automatic operations 4 1 Operation keys Layout of the automatic function keys ...

Page 189: ...et Rectangular and circular boss Pocket with profile Surface milling Profile milling Operation keys Selection of the cycle level within an operation Used to associate a positioning cycle with Boring Reaming Threading Drilling and Center punching operations Boring Reaming Threading Drilling and center punching ...

Page 190: ... Work modes There are 2 work modes Edit mode Editing the parameters of the operation or cycle Simulation of an operation or cycle Execution mode Simulation of an operation or cycle Execution of an operation or cycle NOTE Refer to the Operation Manual Chapter 4 Section 4 2 ...

Page 191: ...on Help graphics Machining conditions of the cycle Actual axes position Cutting conditions Cycle geometry definition 4 3 1 Edit an operation 4 3 1 1 Rectangular pocket Select the Rectangular pocket operation Press Work cycle Use the key to select the cycle level to be executed Only in certain operations ...

Page 192: ...ss The CNC selects the roughing tool Press it again to select the finishing tool Press The CNC selects the roughing S data Press it again to select the finishing S data Press it again to select the maximum spindle speed After making this selection If it is a data key in the new value and press If it is an icon press until the desired one is selected and then If it is a coordinate there are two pos...

Page 193: ... it is a Boring Reaming Threading Drilling or Center Punching operation a positioning cycle may be associated with it After setting the operation choose the type of positioning Each positioning can be defined in several ways To choose the right group of data place the cursor over the icon and press Operation Positioning ...

Page 194: ...phics menu To access the various options press their corresponding keys Function F1 F2 F3 F4 F5 F6 F7 Key To begin simulating press The simulating speed is selected with the FEED selector Other useful keys are Interrupts the simulation While interrupted Resumes the simulation Stops the simulation or Quits the simulation mode NOTE Refer to the Operation Manual Chapter 6 Section 6 5 ...

Page 195: ...ected plane Combined Graphics The screen is divided into four quadrants showing the XY XZ YZ planes and the 3D view Top view It displays a solid XY plane indicating the depth of the part with different gray tones It also shows two sections XZ and YZ of the part Solid Graphics It shows a three dimensional part Starting at an initial block During simulation the tool can be seen removing material as ...

Page 196: ...has been set press ZOOM It is used for enlarging or reducing the drawing or part of it The new display area is selected by means of a window superimposed on the shown tool path To enlarge or reduce the drawing use the keys for ZOOM and ZOOM To move the window around use For the CNC to assume the new values press To draw the selected section press To return to the original display area choose the I...

Page 197: ...f the simulation speed being applied Tool path colors For changing the tool path colors on 3D XY XZ YZ and Top view graphics Colors for solid graphics For changing the colors of the tool and the part on Top view and Solid graphics Clear screen It clears the screen While in Solid graphics mode it shows the part without being machined ...

Page 198: ...n shows the Cycle Start key and lets execute the operation To start the execution press Once execution has started Interrupts the execution While interrupted if we press Resumes the execution Cancels the execution Switches to graphics mode The execution can be interrupted at any time except while making a thread In that case the execution will be interrupted at the end of the thread NOTE Refer to ...

Page 199: ...ressed to get into tool inspection The top of the CNC screen displays the message INSPECTION Jog the tool with the jog keys or the handwheels Once in Tool Inspection it is possible to move the axes JOG keys and handwheels check or change the tool stop or start the spindle change the tool wear value etc Press to reposition the axes If more than one axis was moved the CNC will request the reposition...

Page 200: ...viously This option may be executed during tool inspection or while the machine is running Press The CNC shows the table for that tool Use the keys to position the cursor over the I value Key in the I value and press Position the cursor over the K value Key in the K value and press To change the offset of another tool press Tool Number To finish press NOTE The modifications are not assumed until t...

Page 201: ...Chapter 5 Summary of work cycles ...

Page 202: ... work cycles 5 1 Profile milling operation At this cycle level the profile is defined by points Up to a maximum of 12 points At this cycle level the profile is defined by the profile editor Section 5 16 NOTE Refer to the Operation Manual Chapter 4 Section 4 3 ...

Page 203: ...Self teaching Manual Chapter 5 Page 3 MC Model Summary of work cycles 5 2 Surface milling operation NOTE Refer to the Operation Manual Chapter 4 Section 4 4 ...

Page 204: ...ching Manual Chapter 5 Page 4 MC Model Summary of work cycles 5 3 Pocket cycle with Profile NOTE Refer to the Operation Manual Chapter 4 Section 4 5 The profile is generated with the profile editor Section 5 16 ...

Page 205: ...lf teaching Manual Chapter 5 Page 5 MC Model Summary of work cycles 5 4 Rectangular and Circular Boss milling cycles Rectangular Boss Circular Boss NOTE Refer to the Operation Manual Chapter 4 Section 4 6 ...

Page 206: ...work cycles 5 5 Rectangular and Circular pocket milling cycles Rectangular pocket At this cycle level the type of pocket corner may be chosen as well as the inclination angle of the pocket NOTE Refer to the Operation Manual Chapter 4 Section 4 7 Simple pocket ...

Page 207: ...Self teaching Manual Chapter 5 Page 7 MC Model Summary of work cycles NOTE Refer to the Operation Manual Chapter 4 Section 4 7 Circular pocket ...

Page 208: ... Chapter 5 Page 8 MC Model Summary of work cycles 5 6 Positioning At this cycle level auxiliary functions may be defined to be executed before or after the movement NOTE Refer to the Operation Manual Chapter 4 Section 4 8 ...

Page 209: ...ge 9 MC Model Summary of work cycles 5 7 Boring operation NOTE Refer to the Operation Manual Chapter 4 Section 4 9 This operation may be carried out at the indicated position X Y or may be repeated at different positions using the keys ...

Page 210: ... 10 MC Model Summary of work cycles 5 8 Reaming operation NOTE Refer to the Operation Manual Chapter 4 Section 4 10 This operation may be carried out at the indicated position X Y or may be repeated at different positions using the keys ...

Page 211: ...11 MC Model Summary of work cycles 5 9 Threading operation NOTE Refer to the Operation Manual Chapter 4 Section 4 11 This operation may be carried out at the indicated position X Y or may be repeated at different positions using the keys ...

Page 212: ...erations NOTE Refer to the Operation Manual Chapter 4 Section 4 12 Drilling At this cycle level one programs the distance the tool withdraws after each penetration drilling peck These operations may be carried out at the indicated position X Y or may be repeated at different positions using the keys Drilling ...

Page 213: ...Self teaching Manual Chapter 5 Page 13 MC Model Summary of work cycles NOTE Refer to the Operation Manual Chapter 4 Section 4 12 Center punching ...

Page 214: ...al Chapter 5 Page 14 MC Model Summary of work cycles 5 11 Multiple positioning at several points NOTE Refer to the Operation Manual Chapter 4 Section 4 13 1 Only for Boring Reaming Drilling and Center punching operations ...

Page 215: ...l Chapter 5 Page 15 MC Model Summary of work cycles 5 12 Multiple positioning in a straight line NOTE Refer to the Operation Manual Chapter 4 Section 4 13 2 Only for Boring Reaming Drilling and Center punching operations ...

Page 216: ...Manual Chapter 5 Page 16 MC Model Summary of work cycles 5 13 Multiple positioning in an arc NOTE Refer to the Operation Manual Chapter 4 Section 4 13 3 Only for Boring Reaming Drilling and Center punching operations ...

Page 217: ...apter 5 Page 17 MC Model Summary of work cycles 5 14 Multiple positioning in a parallelogram pattern NOTE Refer to the Operation Manual Chapter 4 Section 4 13 4 Only for Boring Reaming Drilling and Center punching operations ...

Page 218: ...al Chapter 5 Page 18 MC Model Summary of work cycles 5 15 Multiple positioning in a grid pattern NOTE Refer to the Operation Manual Chapter 4 Section 4 13 5 Only for Boring Reaming Drilling and Center punching operations ...

Page 219: ...e Profile milling cycle and the Pocket with profile cycle With the profile editor it is possible to define straight and circular sections of the profile the editor solves the intersection and tangency problems and then modify those sections by adding rounded corners chamfers as well as tangential entries and exits ...

Page 220: ...Chapter 6 Conversational part programs ...

Page 221: ...is chapter describes What a conversational part program is How to edit it How to change it Inserting or deleting operations Simulate execute an operation Simulate execute starting at a particular operation Simulate execute a part program Copy a part program Delete a part program ...

Page 222: ...t program It is a set of operations ordered secuentially Each operation is defined separately and they are then stored one after the other in a program The name of the part program can be any integer between 1 899999 Surface milling Circular pocket Drilling Positioning in arc Circular boss Rectangular pocket ...

Page 223: ...l Conversational part programs 6 2 Edit a part program To edit a part program we first choose the operations needed to execute the part A part may be executed in various ways Drilling Posit in a straight line Surface milling Simple pocket Profile ...

Page 224: ...rt programs Once the sequence of operations has been chosen the part program is built by editing the operations one by one STANDARD SCREEN Enter number Comment e g 555 SAMPLE PART NOTE The following keys are used To move up and down on each column To change columns ...

Page 225: ... Manual Chapter 6 Page 6 MC Model Conversational part programs Choose the operation and define the parameters Repeat these steps with the other operations In our case the finished part program will be Program number ...

Page 226: ... cycle with all its data Modify the operation parameters like in the editing mode The CNC requests an option Choose REPLACE The new operation replaces the previous one The operations making up a part program can be modified NOTE Refer to the Operation Manual Chapter 5 Section 5 6 4 Choose operation REPLACE AN OPERATION ...

Page 227: ...the Operation Manual Chapter 5 Section 5 6 3 Choose operation New operations can also be inserted into a part program Define the parameters and cutting conditions of the operation to be inserted Press Choose position The new operation is inserted after the chosen position INSERT AN OPERATION ...

Page 228: ...odel Conversational part programs The CNC requests confirmation Operations can be deleted from a part program NOTE Refer to the Operation Manual Chapter 5 Section 5 6 1 Select on the right column the operation to be deleted DELETE AN OPERATION ...

Page 229: ...sition of an operation can also be changed NOTE Refer to the Operation Manual Chapter 5 Section 5 6 2 Select the new position Select on the right column the operation to be moved The operation is inserted behind the operation occupying that position CHANGE THE POSITION OF AN OPERATION ...

Page 230: ...late execute an operation NOTE Refer to the Operation Manual Chapter 6 Section 6 3 Graphics screen More information about the graphics screen in chapter 4 3 2 of this manual Select on the right column the operation to be SIMULATED Select on the right column the operation to be EXECUTED ...

Page 231: ...e execute a part program NOTE Refer to the Operation Manual Chapter 6 Section 6 2 Graphics screen More information about the graphics screen in chapter 4 3 2 of this manual Select on the left column the part program to be SIMULATED Select on the left column the part program to be EXECUTED ...

Page 232: ...lar operation NOTE Refer to the Operation Manual Chapter 6 Section 6 2 1 Graphics screen More information about the graphics screen in chapter 4 3 2 of this manual Select on the right column the operation where the SIMULATION is to be started Select on the right column the operation where the EXECUTION is to be started ...

Page 233: ...MC Model Conversational part programs 6 7 Copy a part program into another one Select on the left column the part program to be COPIED Key in the number and comment of the new program NOTE Refer to the Operation Manual Chapter 5 Section 5 5 ...

Page 234: ...hapter 6 Page 15 MC Model Conversational part programs 6 8 Delete a part program Select on the left column the part program to be deleted NOTE Refer to the Operation Manual Chapter 5 Section 5 4 The CNC requests confirmation ...

Page 235: ...Appendix I Programming example ...

Page 236: ...a part program Remember that the tool number may be different depending on the machine The tool used in this example are T1 40 endmill T5 drill T2 25 endmill T6 5 drill T3 10 endmill T7 M 6 tap T4 Center punch The spindle speed and axis feedrates are orientative and they may be other than the ones shown here The Part zero position is represented here by the symbol ...

Page 237: ...Self teaching Manual Appendix I Page 3 MC Model Programming example Step 1 Surface milling 1 ...

Page 238: ...Self teaching Manual Appendix I Page 4 MC Model Programming example Step 2 Machining the profile 2 Other data ...

Page 239: ...Self teaching Manual Appendix I Page 5 MC Model Programming example Step 3 Rectangular boss 3 ...

Page 240: ...Self teaching Manual Appendix I Page 6 MC Model Programming example Step 4 Circular pocket 4 ...

Page 241: ...Self teaching Manual Appendix I Page 7 MC Model Programming example Step 5 Rectangular pocket 5 ...

Page 242: ...Self teaching Manual Appendix I Page 8 MC Model Programming example Step 6 Center punching Multiple positioning at several points 6 ...

Page 243: ...Self teaching Manual Appendix I Page 9 MC Model Programming example Step 7 Center punching Multiple positioning in parallelogram pattern 7 ...

Page 244: ...Self teaching Manual Appendix I Page 10 MC Model Programming example Step 8 Drilling multiple positioning at several points 8 ...

Page 245: ...Self teaching Manual Appendix I Page 11 MC Model Programming example Step 9 Drilling multiple positioning in parallelogram pattern 9 ...

Page 246: ...Self teaching Manual Appendix I Page 12 MC Model Programming example Step 10 Tapping multiple positioning in parallelogram pattern 10 ...

Page 247: ...Self teaching Manual Appendix I Page 13 MC Model Programming example Step 11 Part program Once the operations have been entered the part program will be like this ...

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