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BrightEye Mitto - Page 43
DVI/VGA to 3G/HD/SD Scan Converter User Guide
GLOSSARY
This is a brief glossary of commonly used terms associated with this product.
AES/EBU
The digital audio standard defined as a joint effort of the Audio Engineering Society and the European
Broadcast Union. AES/EBU or AES3 describes a serial bit stream that carries two audio channels,
thus an AES stream is a stereo pair. The AES/EBU standard covers a wide range of sample rates and
quantizations (bit depths.) In television systems, these will generally be 48 kHz and either 20 or 24 bits.
Aspect Ratio
The ratio of the horizontal and vertical measurements of an image. 4:3 is the aspect ratio for standard
definition video formats and television and 16:9 for high definition. Converting formats of unequal
ratios is done by letter boxing (horizontal bars) or pillar boxing (vertical pillars) in order to keep the
original format’s aspect ratio.
Bandwidth
Strictly speaking, this refers to the range of frequencies (i.e., the width of the band of frequency) used
by a signal, or carried by a transmission channel. Generally, wider bandwidth will carry and reproduce
a signal with greater fidelity and accuracy.
Beta
Sony Beta SP video tape machines use an analog component format that is similar to SMPTE, but
differs in the amplitude of the color difference signals. It may also carry setup on the luminance
channel.
Blanking
The Horizontal and Vertical blanking intervals of a television signal refer to the time periods between
lines and between fields. No picture information is transmitted during these times, which are required
in CRT displays to allow the electron beam to be repositioned for the start of the next line or field.
They are also used to carry synchronizing pulses which are used in transmission and recovery of the
image. Although some of these needs are disappearing, the intervals themselves are retained for
compatibility purposes. They have turned out to be very useful for the transmission of additional
content, such as teletext and embedded audio.
CAV
Component Analog Video. This is a convenient shorthand form, but it is subject to confusion. It is
sometimes used to mean ONLY color difference component formats (SMPTE or Beta), and other times
to include RGB format. In any case, a CAV signal will always require 3 connectors – either Y/R-Y/B-Y, or
R/G/B.
Checkfield
A Checkfield signal is a special test signal that stresses particular aspects of serial digital transmission.
The performance of the Phase Locked-Loops (PLLs) in an SDI receiver must be able to tolerate long
