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DCS 954 User Manual Download Page 21

dCS 954

User Manual

Manual for Standard Software Version 1.5x

dCS

Ltd

June 2000

Manual part no: DOC136954 iss 2B1

Page 21

file 135954ma2b1.pdf available from website

Contact

dCS

on + 44 1799 531 999

email to: [email protected]

(inside the UK r 44 with 0)

web site: www.dcsltd.co.uk

IMPORTANT!

If the Non Audio flag is stripped by the recorder and the

dCS 954

is not set to

DSD mode, it will accept DSD data as AES3 PCM and will output potentially
damaging full scale noise.

If you connect DSD to the SDIF input and select it while

DSD

mode is

Off

, the

unit will remain muted, identify the format, automatically select DSD mode and
unmute.

If you connect SDIF while

DSD

mode is

On

, the unit will remain muted until you

set

DSD

mode to

Off

.

To use P3D mode (assuming your hardware is suitable), first set the

DSD

menu

option to

dSd3

. Connect the three-wire encoded DSD 44.1kS/s data streams to

the AES1-3 inputs taking care to ensure they are in the correct order, and press
the

AES1

button. The 3 LEDs above the buttons will brighten and the display will

show

dSd

. Contact

dCS

for further details.

Test

-

Runs a display self test routine. When successfully completed, the unit displays

Pass

and returns to normal operation. Otherwise an error message

Err.xy

is

displayed – please refer to

“Error Codes and Messages”

on page 76 for more

specific information.

Data

-

Reads and displays the message information from an incoming AES/EBU data
stream. This provides a simple access to the digital audio message bits for
reference or to assist with system debugging. There are separate data sets for
Professional and Consumer streams - the unit reads the incoming stream and
decides which it is. Pressing

Set

again steps through the message fields (see

the Appendix for a fuller listing of what these are):

First field

Pro

Professional use channel status block, or ...

Con

Consumer use channel status block.

Second field

Audio

Audio data, or ...

n.Aud

Non-audio data.

Third field

N Ind

Emphasis not indicated, or...

None

No emphasis, or ...

50 15

50/15

µ

s emphasis, or ...

J. 17

CCITT J.17 emphasis, or ...

D ----

Unable to decode emphasis, or ...

CPY P

Copy prohibit, or ...

CPY E

Copy enable.

Fourth field

Exxxx

Encoded sample rate is “xxxx”, i.e. 32, 44.1, 48,
88.2, 96, 176.4 0r 192kS/s. Non-

dCS

equipment

may only decode the first 3 options. or ...

E----

Unknown encoded sample rate.

Fifth field

«
...
19
20
21
22
23
...
»

Summary of Contents for 954

Page 1: ...manual may be obtained from dCS Information contained in this manual is subject to change without notice and whilst it is checked for accuracy no liabilities can be accepted for errors 1 dCS Ltd is Data Conversion Systems Ltd Company registered in England UK no 2072115 dCS 954 Digital to Analogue Converter User Manual Standard software version 1 5x P3D software version 1 36 June 2000 ...

Page 2: ... Software Version 1 5x dCS Ltd June 2000 Manual part no DOC136954 iss 2B1 Page 2 file 135954ma2b1 pdf available from website Contact dCS on 44 1799 531 999 email to more dcsltd co uk inside the UK replace 44 with 0 web site www dcsltd co uk ...

Page 3: ...into 4 AES links P3D option DSD packed into 3 AES links Syncing Can sync to Word Clock or AES reference or input signal and sync to video option available Functions Very high performance DAC free from gain ranging High quality VCXO internal clocking Multichannel Sync capability High speed or dual AES 88 2 kS s 96 kS s Dual or Quad AES 176 4 kS s and 192 kS s DDC mode converts Dual AES at 88 2 to 1...

Page 4: ...nc a dCS 954 30 Replaying DSD from an 8 track 16 44 1 PCM Recorder 31 Operating Several Units on One Remote Chain 31 Six Channel PCM Set Up 32 Replaying 6 channel DSD from a 24 track 16 44 1 PCM Recorder 33 Replaying 8 Channel P3D DSD 34 Upsampling a CD 35 Converting Quad AES to Single AES 36 Converting 4 wire DSD to SDIF DSD 36 Replaying 24 192 from 2 Nagra D recorders 37 dCS 954 Technical Inform...

Page 5: ...ions of Units 81 Full Contents 82 Tables 85 Figures 86 Keywords and Phrases 87 About this Manual Note that there is a fuller Contents at the end of the manual page 82 along with an index and lists of figures and tables References to other sections in the text have the Section Name page in quotation marks and bolded IMPORTANT Important information is presented like this ignoring this may cause you ...

Page 6: ...gh 19 rack mounting case It may be controlled either from its front panel or from a software based remote control running on a PC The last setting is automatically stored on power down so that fixed installations may be set up at leisure installed and then left alone Unauthorised alterations to settings may be prevented by a front panel lockout feature The unit is highly software based and more fu...

Page 7: ...a Rack The unit is supplied with 19 rack mount ears fitted If it is to be mounted in a 19 rack the ears supplied may be used to locate it in the rack and stop the unit sliding forward but they are not strong enough to support the unit IMPORTANT The ears should not be used as the only mechanical support The unit should rest on a shelf or be supported in some other way The ears will just locate it i...

Page 8: ...lanced to the inputs of your pre or power amplifier do this Connect the digital output of a CD player or recorder to the AES1 input and if the AES1 input is not already selected press the AES1 button to select it MAINS FUSE 2A T ON OFF Disconnect mains before removing cover V 50 60Hz Remove old fuse Fit new fuse Figure 1 Playing a CD The unit will detect the sample rate lock to it and unmute The d...

Page 9: ... Software Version 1 5x dCS Ltd June 2000 Manual part no DOC136954 iss 2B1 Page 9 file 135954ma2b1 pdf available from website Contact dCS on 44 1799 531 999 email to more dcsltd co uk inside the UK replace 44 with 0 web site www dcsltd co uk ...

Page 10: ...ble trim tool or a small flat bladed screwdriver Turn clockwise for increased gain Take care to ensure the stereo outputs remain in balance The trim range is 6dB Reference In 3 pin XLR female Reference Out 3 pin XLR male Reference In is an AES EBU reference input for synchronising the unit to a Master Clock Reference Out is an unbuffered loop through directly coupled to it for use in a reference d...

Page 11: ...le 2 off If the Windows Remote software is in use connecting Remote In to a com port RS 232 port on a PC running the Remote Control program allows the unit to be controlled by the PC Remote Out may be connected to another suitably equipped dCS unit allowing several units to controlled by the same PC with one RS 232 daisy chain In addition the unit may be software upgraded without removing the lid ...

Page 12: ...o manually select a single input press the appropriate button hold it down for a second then release The LED over the button will brighten and the unit will attempt to lock to that input The BNC button selects the SDIF input Note that this can be either SDIF 2 or 3 if DSD is being used automatically sensed or TTL level AES3 under menu control See menu commands BNC BNC I BNC O on page 26 onwards do...

Page 13: ...own or with the other source selector buttons the blue text on the panel applies With the other menu buttons white type on the front panel it is the menu Step button For Menu operation as the Step button see the section The Software the Menu on page 18 Coarse Lock Some digital audio equipment even some quite expensive products produces data streams with a level of jitter outside the AES3 specifica...

Page 14: ...lume it functions as the Volume down button With the other menu buttons white type on the front panel it is the menu Down button The left hand LED above the Phase button lights if CH1 L outputs are inverted the right hand LED lights if CH2 R outputs are inverted Pressing the Phase button toggles both channels between absolute and inverted phase Holding the button down causes the unit to cycle thro...

Page 15: ...phasis is automatically applied 5 The unit implements 50 15µs De Emphasis C The unit implements CCITT J17 De Emphasis De Emphasis disabled Table 2 Emphasis Indication low sample rates dCS recommend setting the unit to Automatic unless there is an error in the De Emphasis message in the incoming data stream For Menu operation as the Up button see the section The Software the Menu on page 18 Mode Di...

Page 16: ...o AES Reference In d xxx Temporary display during locking the unit has detected the base reference sample rate and is attempting to lock to it xxx Temporary display during locking the unit is lining up word clock out to word clock in Important error messages are given below a full list is given in the section Error Codes and Messages on page 76 BadFs The clock source is not in pull in range or is ...

Page 17: ... Software Version 1 5x dCS Ltd June 2000 Manual part no DOC136954 iss 2B1 Page 17 file 135954ma2b1 pdf available from website Contact dCS on 44 1799 531 999 email to more dcsltd co uk inside the UK replace 44 with 0 web site www dcsltd co uk ...

Page 18: ... the bright LED or the one furthest to the left if more than one is bright Set otherwise Mute Down otherwise Phase Up otherwise De Emphasis Entering the Menu The Menu is entered by holding down the Step and then pressing the Set button once The display will show F u n c You are now in the menu and the menu buttons now have their alternate meanings Moving through the Menu Press the Step button agai...

Page 19: ... A Cut Heat Turns on and sets a test tone Sets the mode of the AES Ref I O connectors Displays and sets the unit s RS232 address Enables automatic input selection Controls the automatic muting Displays the internal temperature Level dB Route 0 99 On On Fahrenheit Freq kHz Loop Off Off Celsius On Off Loop t Up DDC Sys I For Filt BNC I BNC BNC O Turns on a full scale system test signal Sets the AES ...

Page 20: ...4 1kS s links To select DSD on the SDIF inputs first set the dSd menu option to On Connect the 2 data lines plus a 44 1kS s Word Clock and press the BNC button The LED above the button will brighten and the display will show dSd To select 4 wire DSD mode first set the dSd menu option to On Connect the four wire encoded DSD 44 1kS s data streams to the AES1 4 inputs taking care to ensure they are i...

Page 21: ... dSd Contact dCS for further details Test Runs a display self test routine When successfully completed the unit displays Pass and returns to normal operation Otherwise an error message Err xy is displayed please refer to Error Codes and Messages on page 76 for more specific information Data Reads and displays the message information from an incoming AES EBU data stream This provides a simple acces...

Page 22: ...useful protection and should normally be set to On Set to Off to disable Auto Muting To warn you of this the Mute LED will flash when the unit is not muted IMPORTANT Auto Muting should not be disabled unless absolutely necessary as this will prevent the unit muting if data errors occur or a non audio CD is played Monitoring such data can cause loudspeaker and hearing damage A Sel When set to On au...

Page 23: ...re Route Reference Out connected in parallel with Reference In beware is internally driven with the selected AES input signal If the input is Dual or Quad AES the data on the lowest of AES1 or AES3 appears on Reference Out If BNC is selected there is no output Loop The unit attempts to lock to Reference In which is looped through to the Reference Out with no termination resistor termination is the...

Page 24: ...e out keeping the last settings The frequency range is from 1Hz to 99kHz but the level rolls off at the extremes due to anti image filters in the analogue circuitry The Generator output level is within 0 1dB from less than 10Hz up to 50kHz The Tone Generator works standalone without a digital input If locked the unit will be unlocked when the Generator is turned on At power up the Generator is alw...

Page 25: ...phase Sys waveform Referring to Figure 5 if the triangular sections point up that channel is in phase A triangular section pointing up with a rectangular block on its left side indicates left channel A rectangular block on the right indicates right channel Figure 6 shows the waveforms with both channels inverted Figure 6 Out of phase Sys waveform These waveforms are not affected by the setting of ...

Page 26: ...ilt1 gives the sharpest cut off just below half the sampling frequency This is the normal setting Filt2 Filt3 Filt4 give progressively more relaxed responses slightly degrading the Nyquist image performance but sharpening the impulse response This affects the stereo or multi channel image Different filters may be appropriate for different material A typical audio signal contains very little signal...

Page 27: ...ources without going through a PLL locking sequence It might be used for example in A B comparisons or in locking to a house sync just taking data from AES feeds If the unit is already locked to SDIF or DSD the RefCl option is disabled BNC O BNC Output In PCM mode this sets the format of the BNC Out connector Clk Out SDIF Sends out SDIF Word Clock on the Clk Out connector The unit must be locked t...

Page 28: ...g to write this on if you call us for help Flip Flip channels Normally set to Off If you find the Left and Right outputs from your system are reversed due to a connection error set Flip to On to digitally swap them back The main display shows Flip d while this feature is turned on Flip is not stored at power down so you should correct the error and turn Flip Off Loc Lock Unlock front panel Front p...

Page 29: ... Software Version 1 5x dCS Ltd June 2000 Manual part no DOC136954 iss 2B1 Page 29 file 135954ma2b1 pdf available from website Contact dCS on 44 1799 531 999 email to more dcsltd co uk inside the UK replace 44 with 0 web site www dcsltd co uk ...

Page 30: ...SD input configuration do this Set dSd in the menu to On press the BNC button do this Select a filter do this Ensure Mute is Off Using a Master Clock to Sync a dCS 954 PUSH PUSH PUSH PUSH PUSH Analogue CH1 L CH2 R Sensitivity CH1 L CH2 R Digital I O Reference In Reference Out AES1 AES2 AES3 AES4 CH1 CH2 In Out SDIF 2 DSD 75R Clk Remote In Out MAINS FUSE 2A T ON OFF Single Dual or Quad AES Balanced...

Page 31: ...t a filter and ensure Mute is off Operating Several Units on One Remote Chain COM PORT The Politically Correct Computer Co PUSH PUSH PUSH PUSH PUSH Analogue CH1 L CH2 R Sensitivity CH1 L CH2 R Digital I O Reference In Reference Out AES1 AES2 AES3 AES4 CH1 CH2 In Out SDIF 2 DSD 75R Clk Remote In Out MAINS FUSE 2A T ON OFF PUSH PUSH PUSH PUSH PUSH Analogue CH1 L CH2 R Sensitivity CH1 L CH2 R Digital...

Page 32: ...ES3 AES4 CH1 CH2 In Out SDIF 2 DSD 75R Clk Remote In Out MAINS FUSE 2A T ON OFF 24 96 Dual AES Channels 3 4 Balanced outputs Unbalanced outputs or To pre or power amplifier dC S 954 Ch3 Ch4 PUSH PUSH PUSH PUSH PUSH Analogue CH1 L CH2 R Sensitivity CH1 L CH2 R Digital I O Reference In Reference Out AES1 AES2 AES3 AES4 CH1 CH2 In Out SDIF 2 DSD 75R Clk Remote In Out MAINS FUSE 2A T ON OFF 24 96 Dual...

Page 33: ...m 24 channel 44 1kS s 16 bit recorder Balanced outputs Unbalanced outputs or To pre or power amplifier dC S 954 Ch3 Ch4 PUSH PUSH PUSH PUSH PUSH Analogue CH1 L CH2 R Sensitivity CH1 L CH2 R Digital I O Reference In Reference Out AES1 AES2 AES3 AES4 CH1 CH2 In Out SDIF 2 DSD 75R Clk Remote In Out MAINS FUSE 2A T ON OFF Balanced outputs Unbalanced outputs or To pre or power amplifier dC S 954 Ch1 Ch...

Page 34: ...or To pre or power amplifier dC S 954 Ch5 Ch6 PUSH PUSH PUSH PUSH PUSH Analogue CH1 L CH2 R Sensitivity CH1 L CH2 R Digital I O Reference In Reference Out AES1 AES2 AES3 AES4 CH1 CH2 In Out SDIF 2 DSD 75R Clk Remote In Out MAINS FUSE 2A T ON OFF Balanced outputs Unbalanced outputs or To pre or power amplifier dC S 954 Ch3 Ch4 PUSH PUSH PUSH PUSH PUSH Analogue CH1 L CH2 R Sensitivity CH1 L CH2 R Di...

Page 35: ...e dcsltd co uk PUSH DIGITAL OUT AES REF L R Hand Crafted by The Red Hot CD Player Co WORDCLOCK IN dCS 992 dCS 954 PUSH PUSH PUSH PUSH PUSH Analogue CH1 L CH2 R Sensitivity CH1 L CH2 R Digital I O Reference In Reference Out AES1 AES2 AES3 AES4 CH1 CH2 In Out SDIF 2 DSD 75R Clk Remote In Out MAINS FUSE 2A T ON OFF Balanced Outputs Unbalanced Outputs dCS 972 44 1kS s Word Clock or To pre or power amp...

Page 36: ...uad AES to Double speed Single AES do this Select Quad AES and set the Ref In menu item to ddC IMPORTANT While the unit is performing a sample rate conversion the analogue outputs are muted The unit will also convert 176 4kS s to 88 2kS s Converting 4 wire DSD to SDIF DSD PUSH PUSH PUSH PUSH PUSH Analogue CH1 L CH2 R Sensitivity CH1 L CH2 R Digital I O Reference In Reference Out AES1 AES2 AES3 AES...

Page 37: ...Out SDIF 2 DSD 75R Clk Remote In Out MAINS FUSE 2A T ON OFF Balanced outputs Unbalanced outputs or To pre or power amplifier dC S 954 Ch1 Ch2 CH4 CH3 CH2 CH1 DIG3 4 DIG1 2 OUTPUTS NAGRA D CH4 CH3 CH2 CH1 DIG3 4 DIG1 2 OUTPUTS NAGRA D Timecode Link Quad AES 24 192 Recorder 1 with L channel data Recorder 2 with R channel data Figure 17 Replaying 24 192 from 2 Nagra D recorders Quad AES 24 192 record...

Page 38: ... a sharp low pass filter However as far as the ear is concerned this may not matter The ear can tell the frequency of a signal up to a point As the frequency rises the accuracy with which the ear can tell what the frequency is decreases and above a limit all the ear can tell is that there is a signal and it is above kHz It can tell no more So it may be that a small amount of Nyquist imaging is acc...

Page 39: ...locked loop PLL The PLL is of a special narrow bandwidth type that provides a high degree of clock cleaning but even so signal quality may degrade if particularly poor source clocks are used A consequence of the narrow bandwidth is that it takes quite a long time for the PLL to lock to a new clock frequency of the order of 2 seconds The PLL uses DSP assistance to keep this time acceptable Synchron...

Page 40: ...high frequencies much noise is also present The SACD format sets 0 dB0DSD to be 6 dB below the peak to peak level one might expect a full scale sinewave to occupy This ensures that artefacts that begin to occur at the limits of the DSD range at the production stage do not move down into the audio band DSD Format showing Full Scale Signal dCS 972 SW v1 54 1 5 1 0 5 0 0 5 1 1 5 0 50 100 150 200 250 ...

Page 41: ...K replace 44 with 0 web site www dcsltd co uk Sample Alignment The dCS 954 aligns samples such that Word Clock Out aligns with AES3 samples out Reference Out the rising edge of Word Clock Out aligning with the start of the first illegal code in the X Z subframe preamble and the falling edge aligning with the start of the Y subframe preamble Figure 19 Word Clock and AES3 outputs 96 kS s Figure 20 W...

Page 42: ...td co uk inside the UK replace 44 with 0 web site www dcsltd co uk When Word Clock In is used as a sync source in and out are related as below The lower waveform is the output the upper one is the input The misalignment is less than about 40ns The scope shots below were taken with the unit sync d to Word Clock In Figure 21 Word Clock In to Word Clock Out 96 kS s Figure 22 Word Clock in to Word Clo...

Page 43: ...e the UK replace 44 with 0 web site www dcsltd co uk AES3 in and out Reference Out are related as below where they are at the same sample rate and the AES3 input is used as a sync source The alignment is better than 40ns Input is at the top of the displays output is at the bottom Signals are at the sockets on the dCS 954 the unit was slaved to AES1 and the Ref In menu item was set to Route Figure ...

Page 44: ...S on 44 1799 531 999 email to more dcsltd co uk inside the UK replace 44 with 0 web site www dcsltd co uk Figure 24 AES3 in to AES3 out 44 1 kS s AES3 Reference Out is also related to the phase of Clk In The scope shots below were taken with the unit sync d to Clk In Figure 25 Word Clock In to AES3 Reference Out 96 kS s Figure 26 Word Clock in to AES3 Reference Out 44 1 kS s ...

Page 45: ...age level 20 V pk pk Connector XLR3 female XLR3 male Pin 1 Ground or shield Pin 2 Signal Connections Pin 3 Signal Table 4 AES EBU i o specifications SDIF 2 SDIF 3 and DSD Input Output Type Single ended ground referred Impedance 100 25 Ω Sensitivity unloaded TTL TTL Maximum Wordlength 24 24 bits Damage level 10 V pk pk Time skew Word Clock in out 40 ns Connector BNC x 3 BNC x 1 CH1 left CH2 right C...

Page 46: ... Ω Noise unweighted 110 dB0 20Hz 20kHz Spurious responses 100 dB0 20Hz 20kHz 110 dB0 typ Signal Balance 1kHz 40 dB spec 50Hz 45 dB typ 1kHz 53 dB typ 20kHz 53 dB typ L R crosstalk 100 dB0 20Hz 20kHz Level for Full Scale 14 dBu as shipped Trim range 6 dB Connector type XLR3 male Connections Pin 1 Ground or shield Pin 2 Signal Pin 3 Signal Table 7 Balanced Output Details Unbalanced Outputs Type Unba...

Page 47: ...quist images At a sample rate of 44 1kS s a flat 20kHz pass band must be maintained with at least 80dB of attenuation above Fs 2 22 05kHz This allows barely 2kHz margin between the pass band and the stop band for the filter to do its work necessitating a very sharp filter At sample rates of 88 2kS s and above there is so much extra bandwidth available that maintaining a flat 0 20kHz audio band is ...

Page 48: ... s 1258 1258 1258 1258 88 2kS s 651 651 651 651 96kS s 530 530 530 530 176 4kS s 253 253 253 253 192kS s 226 226 226 226 DSD 4 4 4 4 Table 9 dCS 904 ADC Group Delay in microsecs v1 31 software Filter 1 Filter 2 Filter 3 Filter 4 32kS s 1692 1710 1692 1700 44 1kS s 1265 1262 1251 1245 48kS s 1132 1136 1142 1150 88 2kS s 517 238 267 191 96kS s 414 210 224 168 176 4kS s 129 129 129 129 192kS s 119 11...

Page 49: ...st numbered AES input selected When set to ddC with a PCM input the message is as follows Professional On Emphasis Off Non Audio Off Mode Not indicated Sample rate Correctly stated Source DCS1 Destination null For more information on the way dCS implement the AES3 system message to handle higher sample rates see the Appendix to this manual For the formal definition of the AES3 interface see footno...

Page 50: ...CS Ltd June 2000 Manual part no DOC136954 iss 2B1 Page 50 file 135954ma2b1 pdf available from website Contact dCS on 44 1799 531 999 email to more dcsltd co uk inside the UK replace 44 with 0 web site www dcsltd co uk Figure 28 AES3 format at 48 kS s over 16 metres ...

Page 51: ...1 Page 51 file 135954ma2b1 pdf available from website Contact dCS on 44 1799 531 999 email to more dcsltd co uk inside the UK replace 44 with 0 web site www dcsltd co uk Figure 29 AES3 format at 48 kS s over 94 metres Figure 30 AES3 format at 96 kS s over 16 metres Figure 31 AES3 format at 96 kS s over 94 metres ...

Page 52: ...ock structure of 256 stereo samples rather than the 192 of AES EBU There are 8 bits of message per channel per sample with a further 3 bits being used for an illegal code based sync code Of the 8 bits per sample the 8 in the first sample are reserved for system messaging and the rest are for User messages The 4 wires are Ground return Left Channel Ch1 Right Channel Ch2 Word Clock The sync codes ca...

Page 53: ...web site www dcsltd co uk Figure 32 SDIF 2 PCM format at 96 kS s Figure 33 SDIF 2 PCM format at 44 1 kS s SDIF 2 Messaging The SDIF 2 message details are defined in the table following DESCRIPTION Definition Undefined 0000 0xxx Emphasis No emphasis Emphasis 15µsec 50µsec xxxx x00x xxxx x01x Dubbing Prohibit Dubbing allowed Dubbing inhibited xxxx xxx0 xxxx xxx1 Block Code Start of block Not start o...

Page 54: ...rface can be used for DSD The waveforms appear quite different to PCM format However they do produce transitions where the illegal code transitions were and for this reason we advise against locking to the illegal transitions in SDIF 2 We recommend always using Word Clock with SDIF 2 signalling Figure 34 DSD using SDIF 2 electrical format DSD on SDIF 3 SDIF 3 embeds a clock in the SDIF 2 data stre...

Page 55: ... entire subframe and passes control over to a more complex control mechanism This looks for a long run of error free subframes before it unmutes v1 36 software looks for 150 msecs and displays the message CRC A single data error can cause quite long mutes The reason for the presence of this test is to detect input data of the wrong format which will cause full scale white noise and can potentially...

Page 56: ...200 2400 4800 or 9600 baud An RS 232 break will reset all units on the daisy chain to 1200 baud A special command and ID is used to configure the units to other baud rates see Special Commands and Protocols below The following rates are recommended 3 or less units 4800 baud 4 to 7 units 2400 baud 8 to 11 units 1200 baud Operation of the daisy chain at higher than the recommended rates may result i...

Page 57: ... later version of receiver The receiver acts on all parameters in list and uses sensible defaults for the rest ideally no action except where this is silly Do not truncate a command sequence expecting the receiver to do something sensible The full parameter list is check summed The checksum is the sum of the bytes in the parameter list bytes 4 to last 1 byte modulo 256 The receiving unit checks th...

Page 58: ...structed to perform commands simultaneously the transmitter coming back to busy units periodically It is also recommended that units are not accessed for the first of their response time nothing untoward will happen but the unit will be ignoring the RS 232 and will not respond so the transmitter would just time out anyway Example To set unit 2 Emphasis to AUTO using the RS 232 control format trans...

Page 59: ...that after a crystal switch units are allowed to settle for a short time 1 second to ensure optimum performance In this case the units are being controlled by a Master Clock so time should be allowed for this to switch and for the other units connected to it to also switch and begin to settle It is recommended that there is no RS 232 activity for 3 seconds after the Master Clock frequency is switc...

Page 60: ...o PCM of unit 5 Responds ACK 15 seconds 5 requested mode 3 Check DACs for mode change This command allows the Transmitter to check the mode of the DACs If a unit has not changed the transmitter should go back to step 1 and repeat the command Transmit 6 REQUEST_DSD_MODE Response ACK immediate 6 actual mode Transmit 7 REQUEST_DSD_MODE Response ACK immediate 7 actual mode Transmit 8 REQUEST_DSD_MODE ...

Page 61: ...o 15 seconds to complete this command if the previous mode had been PCM the FPGAs need to be re loaded which takes time There is also no need to wait prior to moving on to step 9 Transmit 6 DSD_MODE to change mode to P3D of unit 6 Responds ACK 15 seconds 6 requested mode Transmit 7 DSD_MODE to change mode to P3D of unit 7 Responds ACK 15 seconds 7 requested mode Transmit 8 DSD_MODE to change mode ...

Page 62: ...ediate 9 actual mode 11 Check ADCs for mode change This command allows the Transmitter to check the mode of the ADCs If a unit has not changed the transmitter should go back to step 9 and repeat the command Transmit 2 REQUEST_DSD_MODE Response ACK immediate 2 actual mode Transmit 3 REQUEST_DSD_MODE Response ACK immediate 3 actual mode Transmit 4 REQUEST_DSD_MODE Response ACK immediate 4 actual mod...

Page 63: ... w clk out 1 Output AES on w clk out 0 X X X RS_TRUNC 39 1 No of output bits 16 24 0 X X X RS_SNS 40 1 Noise shaper 0 Auto 1 Off 2 1st Order 3 3rd order 4 9nth order 0 X X X RS_DDC 41 1 0 Normal mode e g D in A out for DAC A in D out for ADC 1 D in D out 0 X X X RS_OUT_RATE 42 1 0 Low speed output e g Dual 88 2 Quad 192 1 High speed option 0 X X X RS_MUTE 43 1 0 Unmute 1 Mute 0 X X X X RS_AUTO 44 ...

Page 64: ... X RS_OVLD_LEV 87 1 Overload threshold format X 0 X RS_VOL 111 1 Digital volume control format X 0 X X RS_PHASE 112 1 Phase 0 None inverted 1 Both inverted 2 left inverted 3 right inverted 0 X X RS_REF_MODE 114 1 Select reference input to clock from 0 AES1 1 AES2 2 SDIF 2 Clock word clock 3 SPDIF1 or AES3 4 SPDIF2 or AES4 5 SPDIF3 0 X X RS_DSD_MODE 119 1 0 DSD Off 1 DSD SDIF 2 4 wire DSD Echos mes...

Page 65: ... 50 Hz or 60 Hz operation is not important the unit can use either In general users will not need to change the mains input configuration If you do need this to be done please see the section Having Your Options Changed page 70 in this manual and contact your distributor or dCS Size and Weight The dCS 954 dimensions correspond to a standard 2U 19 rack mount case Four heavy duty feet fitted to the ...

Page 66: ...C although it will depend a bit on how the unit is positioned Internal temperature should not fall below 0 C and should be a non condensing The unit monitors its internal temperature and displays one of two error messages as the temperature rises At and above an internal temperature of 78 C the unit displays Hot on its front panel as a warning Performance and reliability will be degraded if operat...

Page 67: ... Software Version 1 5x dCS Ltd June 2000 Manual part no DOC136954 iss 2B1 Page 67 file 135954ma2b1 pdf available from website Contact dCS on 44 1799 531 999 email to more dcsltd co uk inside the UK replace 44 with 0 web site www dcsltd co uk ...

Page 68: ...nges in the incoming signal and jitters the output in line with the input accordingly If the bandwidth is low the clock used for reconstituting the analogue signal can be very good and jitter free but at any particular time the difference in phase between the two clocks can be substantial This can cause decoding errors In principle the lower the PLL bandwidth the more the DAC clock can be made ind...

Page 69: ...pdf available from website Contact dCS on 44 1799 531 999 email to more dcsltd co uk inside the UK replace 44 with 0 web site www dcsltd co uk the FIFO has to be significantly filled at all times which is the same a delay in the signal path A bit error rate measurement based on this approach has shown rates with an upper bound of 5 10 14 ...

Page 70: ...e best fitted at dCS to allow full checking P3D DSD Pro and Other Formats We can fit larger FPGAs to allow P3D DSD Pro and other formats This has to be done at dCS Ordering Options For A New Unit To order any option just tell us dCS 954 for use in country with options IMPORTANT Always specify the intended country of operation otherwise we will assume that country of delivery is the same as country...

Page 71: ... Software Version 1 5x dCS Ltd June 2000 Manual part no DOC136954 iss 2B1 Page 71 file 135954ma2b1 pdf available from website Contact dCS on 44 1799 531 999 email to more dcsltd co uk inside the UK replace 44 with 0 web site www dcsltd co uk ...

Page 72: ...ghly verify the results before shipment There is a mains fuse in the mains socket accessible from the outside of the unit This may be changed by the user The current consumption of the unit is very low 260 mA at 115 V so it only blows if there is a fault usually if the unit is set to its low voltage setting 100 120V but has been plugged into a high voltage mains 220 240V Usually no other damage is...

Page 73: ...rt the download If you want to programme many units automatically say overnight contact dCS for special software to enable this function IMPORTANT Do not turn the unit off until the download is complete The unit has to erase its current programme before it can store the new one so if the power is turned off its internal programme store will have been erased but no new programme installed Contact d...

Page 74: ...ift over time The price will depend on the hardware changes necessary so contact your dealer or us In order to ensure speedy turn around please contact us prior to returning the unit Warranty Your dCS 954 is guaranteed for a period of 12 months against faulty workmanship or materials Warranty repairs should only be carried out by dCS or an authorised distributor This warranty will be invalidated i...

Page 75: ... Software Version 1 5x dCS Ltd June 2000 Manual part no DOC136954 iss 2B1 Page 75 file 135954ma2b1 pdf available from website Contact dCS on 44 1799 531 999 email to more dcsltd co uk inside the UK replace 44 with 0 web site www dcsltd co uk ...

Page 76: ...Device Error Codes Sometimes the unit may misbehave If there is an internal reason an internal device error code may be displayed as follows Err xy an error xy see table below has been detected where xy values have the following meanings Code Description 01 E 2 memory EEPROM not present 02 Error initialising DSP 03 Error loading DSP 04 Error initialising DSP for coefficients 05 Error initialising ...

Page 77: ...ntegrity check see page 55 Table 14 System Error Codes Trouble Shooting Your System If you experience difficulties when using your dCS 954 the following suggestions may help to resolve the problem The unit fails to power up Ensure there is power available on the mains cable and the unit s mains switch is On Check the rated supply voltage shown on the rear of the unit matches the local supply volta...

Page 78: ...el Ensure the trim tool or flat bladed screwdriver you are using is narrow enough to reach the adjuster about 2 5mm or 0 1 diameter and long enough at least 12mm or 0 5 The trimmer may be at the end of its travel try turning it several times the other way It is a 20 turn device The level trimmers do NOT affect the unbalanced outputs The Left and Right channels are swapped Check that Flip is Off Ch...

Page 79: ... to On The unit fails to slave to a Master Clock If you are using an AES Reference connect this to Reference In and set the Ref In menu item to Loop or Loop t as appropriate When locked the unit should display r followed by the sample rate If you are using Word Clock connect this to Word Clock In Set the BNC I menu item to SDIF and the BNC item to RefCl Press the BNC button the unit should lock an...

Page 80: ...he thing we will discuss with you how you would like it to operate We value our customers and we want to make products that do what you want If You Need More Help Contact dCS Our office hours are 8 00 am to about 7 00 pm Monday to Friday UK time UTC in summer or UTC 1hr in winter Contact us by phone or fax on Inside the UK Outside the UK Telephone 01799 531 999 44 1799 531 999 Fax 01799 531 681 44...

Page 81: ... for DSD Definitions of Units dB0 Level in decibels referred to a full scale sine wave in a sampled system So 0 dB0 is full scale dBu Level in decibels referred to a 0 775V rms sine wave with no external loading u unloaded The level of 0 775V is derived from the older dBm for which the reference level is 1mW of signal power into a 600Ω termination from an output with 600Ω source impedance dBV Leve...

Page 82: ...0 Unbalanced Analogue Outputs RCA phono 2 off 10 Output Level Adjustment trimmers 10 Reference In 3 pin XLR female 10 Reference Out 3 pin XLR male 10 AES1 2 3 4 Digital Inputs 3 pin XLR female 4 off 10 SDIF DSD CH1 CH2 Data BNC 2 off 10 SDIF DSD Clk In BNC 11 SDIF DSD Clk Out BNC 11 Remote In Out 9 pin D type male 2 off 11 Mains Supply 3 pin IEC CEE22 11 Additional Information 11 Serial Number 11 ...

Page 83: ...cal Information 38 Anti Image Filtering 38 Clocking 39 Synchronising to source 39 DSD 40 Sample Alignment 41 Digital Interface Specifications 45 Analogue Interface Specifications 46 Frequency Response 47 Group Delay 48 AES3 AES EBU Format 49 Message Handling 49 How Far will AES3 Go 49 SDIF 2 52 PCM Format 52 SDIF 2 Messaging 53 DSD on SDIF 2 54 DSD on SDIF 3 54 P3D Behaviour 55 Mute on CRC Error 5...

Page 84: ...ting Your System 77 The unit fails to power up 77 The unit fails to lock to a source 77 The unit fails to respond to the controls 78 The audio output is low or absent 78 The level trimmers on the rear panel do not change the output level 78 The Left and Right channels are swapped 78 One output channel is low or absent 78 The output is monophonic 79 Clicks or crackles occur on the outputs 79 The Di...

Page 85: ... sample rates 15 Table 3 Output Data format indication higher sample rates 15 Table 4 AES EBU i o specifications 45 Table 5 SDIF 2 SDIF 3 and DSD i o specifications 45 Table 6 Remote Control Interface Details 45 Table 7 Balanced Output Details 46 Table 8 Unbalanced Output Details 46 Table 9 dCS 904 ADC Group Delay in microsecs v1 31 software 48 Table 10 dCS 954 DAC group delay in microsecs v1 30 s...

Page 86: ...o Double speed Single AES 36 Figure 16 Converting 4 wire DSD to SDIF DSD 36 Figure 17 Replaying 24 192 from 2 Nagra D recorders 37 Figure 18 DSD showing DSD full scale 40 Figure 19 Word Clock and AES3 outputs 96 kS s 41 Figure 20 Word Clock and AES3 outputs 44 1 kS s 41 Figure 21 Word Clock In to Word Clock Out 96 kS s 42 Figure 22 Word Clock in to Word Clock Out 44 1 kS s 42 Figure 23 AES3 in to ...

Page 87: ... Channel swapping 28 Clk In 11 Clk Out 11 27 Coarse lock 13 Coarse lock button 13 Coarse lock LED 13 Crystal oscillator 39 D Daisy chain reference 10 Daisy Chain RS 232 11 56 Damaged cables 77 DDC mode 23 De emphasis 63 De Emphasis button 14 27 Delay group 48 Display blanking 22 Display mode 15 22 Display sample rate 22 DSD 10 20 40 78 DSD 4 10 20 DSD metering 26 DSD SDIF 2 54 DSD SDIF 3 54 Dual A...

Page 88: ...user serviceable 74 PCM 20 21 26 27 47 49 Phase button 14 27 Phase checking 24 Phone 27 PLL bandwidth 68 PLL Lock in time 39 PLL Pull in range 39 Power consumption 65 Q Quad AES 10 12 13 22 23 26 R Rack 65 Ref In 23 Reference daisy chain 10 Reference In 10 16 23 49 Reference Out 10 23 41 44 Reference source 16 Reference input 10 Reference termination 10 Remote 18 78 RS 232 11 18 23 45 56 73 RS 232...

Page 89: ...l part no DOC136954 iss 2B1 Page 89 file 135954ma2b1 pdf available from website Contact dCS on 44 1799 531 999 email to more dcsltd co uk inside the UK replace 44 with 0 web site www dcsltd co uk W Warranty 5 70 74 Web site 80 Word Clock 11 16 27 41 78 Word clock alignment in to out 42 ...

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