Chapter 4: Network Fundamentals
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Chapter 4: Network Fundamentals
The following is a basic introduction to networks and how to set them up in relation to Pro Tools | MTRX. Covering the entire sub-
ject of “network” would require several hundred pages so we will focus on the “need-to-know” parts of it.
What is a network?
A network allows multiple devices, such as PCs, printers, and many others devices to communicate with each other. As opposed
to traditional audio signals such as AES/EBU and MADI, which are point-to-point connections, a network allows any device on the
network to communicate with any other device on the network.
A network consists of one or more subnets. A subnet is typically a local network in building. A subnet can operate as a closed net-
work with no external connections or it can be connected to the Internet.
There are different types of devices in a network, such as PCs, printers, multiple MTRX units, switches, and routers.
Physical Connections
Devices in a network can be connected through a wide range of media. The most common for local connections is the UTP (Un-
shielded Twisted Pair) cable. This is also referred to as CAT5, CAT5e, or CAT6. There are also other “CAT”-types, but the three
mentioned here are the most common. UTP cables are normally terminated in an RJ45 connector.
Other types of media can be fiber cables, wireless (WiFi), coaxial cables, and even power cables.
As the MTRX and most computers have an RJ45 connector for use with UTP cables, we will focus on this type of interface.
When using UTP cables, it is possible to use different bit rates, typically 10 Mbit/s, 100 Mbit/s, or 1000 Mbit/s (1 Gb/s). The net-
work interface on Pro Tools | MTRX and on most computers today support 1 Gb/s. It is therefore important that the cabling sup-
ports this bit rate to ensure a stable connection. Cat5 cables do
not
support gigabit transmission, so never use this type of cable.
CAT5e and CAT6 cables both support 1 Gb/s, so be sure to use either of these two types. The CAT-type is usually printed on the
cable, so it is easy to identify.
CAT5e and CAT6 cables contain four twisted pairs (a total of eight wires). In order to achieve gigabit transmission, all four pairs
must be used. If only two pairs are used, the cable can only support 100 Mbit/s transmission. If you look closely at the RJ45 con-
nector on a network cable, you can easily see whether two or four pairs are used.
Example network configuration