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Precautions When Measuring High Voltage Potentials
Observe the following precautions when measurements must be performed on circuits with potentials over 48 volts.
A. Do not measure potentials over 48 volts without the presence or assistance of a person who is capable of rendering aid, and who is familiar with
the procedure for emergency shutdown of the equipment.
B. Be sure you are not grounded when you are adjusting equipment or using measuring equipment. Stand on a rubber mat or other insulator if
possible. Be sure the equipment area is clean and dry. In general, use only one hand when servicing live equipment.
C. If a test meter must be held or adjusted while voltage is applied, ground the case of the meter before starting a measurement. Do not touch the
live equipment or personnel working on live equipment while holding the meter. The “common” terminal on some A/C electronic voltmeters is at
ground potential; never connect the “common” terminal to any point above ground potential.
D. High-voltage, high-capacitance capacitors should be discharged before servicing is started.
WARNING!
Discharging must be done carefully and judiciously. First ascertain whether there is a built-in bleeder network. If so, wait a
minute or two for the capacitor to discharge through the network. Otherwise, use an external discharge network. This is most important in
the case of high voltage or high capacitance capacitors. If one terminal is connected to ground, connect the discharge network between the other
terminal and ground. If neither terminal of the capacitor is grounded, connect the network across the capacitor terminals. Connecting a short circuit
across the terminals is not recommended. Doing so can produce extremely high currents and a flash which can injure the eyes, vaporize metals, and
cause burns.
AVERTISSEMENT:
La décharge doit être faite soigneusement et judicieusement. Vérifier d’abord si il y a un réseau de purgeur incorporé. Si
c’est le cas, attendez une minute ou deux pour que le condensateur se décharge par le réseau. Sinon, utilisez un réseau de décharge externe.
Ceci est très important en cas de haute tension ou des condensateurs à haute capacité. Si un terminal est relié à la terre, connecter le réseau de
décharge entre l’autre terminal et la terre. Si aucun terminal de condensateur est fondé, relier le réseau au terminal du condensateur. La connexion
d’un court-circuit entre les terminaux n’est pas recommandée. Cela peut créé des courants très élevés où des étincelles pourrait blesser les yeux,
fondre les métaux et causer des brûlures.
Precautions When Working on Energized Equipment
When it is necessary to work on energized equipment, think ahead and anticipate every hazard. Never work alone on energized equipment.
Interlock switches are installed on some of the doors and panels to break the power circuits when the enclosure is entered. When it is necessary
to work within such an enclosure on energized equipment, the interlock may be bypassed. Extreme caution should then be exercised, as dangerous
voltages are present within the unit.
AC Power Circuits
Equipment obtaining power from a secondary distribution system should be grounded at all times by means of a third grounding wire on the power
lines. Equipment permanently wired to a secondary distribution system should also be grounded separately by connection to a grounding bus or
ground rod with a sufficiently large conductor to handle the current expected if the secondary source is accidentally shorted to the equipment.
The ground wire should be protected from mechanical damage and periodically inspected for good physical condition.
Personnel should never depend on a switch to remove power from equipment. If the equipment is connected to the secondary distribution system by
means of a power cable, detach the cable from the receptacle before attempting any repairs of removal of chassis.
If the equipment is permanently wired to the secondary distribution system, remove the main fuses or open the power switch. Attach a suitable
warning tag to the switch which will warn personnel not to operate the equipment; only the person who originally attaches the warning tag should be
authorized to remove it.
Resuscitation
Personnel working with or near high voltage should be familiar with modern methods of resuscitation. Such information and training is available from
the Red Cross or local emergency response personnel such as the police and fire department.
