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Agilent Technologies N4000A, Operating And Service Manual

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Agilent Technologies N4000A Operating And Service Manual Download Page 23

Chapter 1

13

General Information

Operation

Operation

This section refers to operation with the Agilent NFA Series Noise 
Figure Analyzers. The Agilent SNS Series Smart Noise Sources have 
been designed to work specifically with these analyzers. For more 
detailed operating instructions, refer to the Agilent NFA Series Noise 
Figure Analyzers User’s Guide.

CAUTION

Use a dc blocking capacitor to protect the noise source from damage 
when connected to any system where a dc voltage is present on the 
output center conductor.

Noise figure measurements of devices (such as amplifiers, mixers, 
transistors, and receivers) can be made using the Smart Noise Sources 
with a Noise Figure Analyzers. Figure 1-4 shows a simple test setup for a 
noise figure measurement.

Figure 1-4 

Typical Noise Figure Measurement Test Setup

Summary of Contents for N4000A

Page 1: ...Operating and Service Guide N4000A N4001A and N4002A Manufacturing Part Number N4000 90001 March 2001 Copyright 2001 Agilent Technologies Test Equipment Depot 800 517 8431 99 Washington Street Melrose MA 02176 TestEquipmentDepot com ...

Page 2: ... Agilent Technologies further certifies that its calibration measurements are traceable to the United States National Institute of Standards and Technology to the extent allowed by the Institute s calibration facility and to the calibration facilities of other International Standards Organization members Warranty This Agilent Technologies instrument product is warranted against defects in material...

Page 3: ...e or interfacing unauthorized modification or misuse operation outside of the environmental specifications for the product or improper site preparation or maintenance NO OTHER WARRANTY IS EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED AGILENT TECHNOLOGIES SPECIFICALLY DISCLAIMS THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE Exclusive Remedies THE REMEDIES PROVIDED HEREIN ARE BUYER S SOLE AND...

Page 4: ...al information for the user s attention It provides operational information or additional instructions of which the user should be aware Safety Symbols The following symbols on the instrument and in the manual indicate precautions which must be taken to maintain safe operation of the instrument Table 1 Safety Symbols The Instruction Documentation Symbol The product is marked with this symbol when ...

Page 5: ...cation See the Declaration of Conformity on page vi Radio Frequency Electromagnetic Field Immunity When a 3 Vm 1 radio frequency electromagnetic field is applied to the Smart Noise Source according to IEC 61000 4 3 1995 degradation of performance may be observed When the frequency of the incident field falls within the bandwidth of a measured noise figure or gain the values displayed will deviate ...

Page 6: ...vi Declaration of Conformity ...

Page 7: ...st Equipment 10 Installation 11 Handling Precautions 11 Initial Inspection 11 Returning an SNS to Agilent for Repair 12 Mating Connectors 12 Connectors That Can Be Mated With the Noise Sources 12 Storage and Shipping Environment 12 Operation 13 Operating Environment 14 Operator s Maintenance 14 Operator s Check 14 Operator s Check for Data Communication 15 Operator s Check for Tcold Communication ...

Page 8: ...31 Returning a Noise Source for Calibration 31 Agilent Technologies Sales and Service Offices 32 2 ENR File Format Format Details 34 Format 34 Comment Records 34 Header Fields 35 ENR Data 37 Viewing the Smart Noise Source ENR Data 39 Examples 40 A Caring for Connectors Introduction 44 Connector Part Numbers 44 Handling and Storage 44 Visual Inspection 45 Obvious Defects and Damage 45 Mating Plane ...

Page 9: ...ications 54 Precision 7mm Connectors 54 Sexed Connectors 55 50 Ohm Type N Connectors 55 75 Ohm Type N Connectors 56 Using Connector Gages 57 Inspecting and Cleaning the Gage 57 Zeroing the Gage 57 Measuring Connectors 59 Making Connections 60 Align Connectors Carefully 60 To Make a Preliminary Connection 61 Final Connection Using a Torque Wrench 62 Disconnection 63 Adapters 65 Principles of Microw...

Page 10: ...x Contents ...

Page 11: ...1 1 General Information ...

Page 12: ...The Specifications Table 1 1 on page 3 page 4 and page 5 are performance standards or limits against which the noise source may be tested These specifications for the noise source are ONLY valid if the analyzer has been allowed to meet its specified warm up time of 60 minutes ENR expanded uncertainty analysis for noise source calibration in Excess Noise Ratio Expanded Uncertainty U Y Table 1 2 on ...

Page 13: ...edance Operating Temperature Maximum reverse power N4000A and N4001A 10 MHz 18 GHz N4002A 10 MHz 26 5 GHz 1 ENR values are given at cardinal frequency points over the frequency range of each noise source These values are stored within the noise source s internal EEPROM and documented on the calibration report N4000A 4 5 6 5 dB N4001A 14 16 dB N4002A 12 17 dB 50 ohm nominal 0 o C to 55 o C 1 Watt ...

Page 14: ...ction Coefficient Rho ρ N4000A1 0 01 1 5 1 06 1 0 03 1 5 3 0 1 06 1 0 03 3 0 7 0 1 13 1 0 06 7 0 18 0 1 22 1 0 10 N4001A 0 01 1 5 1 15 1 0 07 1 5 3 0 1 15 1 0 07 3 0 7 0 1 20 1 0 09 7 0 18 0 1 25 1 0 11 N4002A 0 01 1 5 1 22 1 0 10 1 5 3 0 1 22 1 0 10 3 0 7 0 1 22 1 0 10 7 0 18 0 1 25 1 0 11 18 0 26 5 1 35 1 0 15 1 Maximum change in complex reflection coefficient between source ON and source OFF at...

Page 15: ...are met or bettered by 90 of instruments with 90 confidence 2 For correct connector usage refer Table A 2 for the torque settings SNS Output APC 3 5 male standard or Type N male Option 0011 SNS Input Interconnect with 11730A B C cable to use with NFA 1 Type N connector option 001 only available on the N4000A and N4001A models 112 x 38 x 30 mm 4 4 x 1 5 x 1 2 in 0 160 kg 5 64 oz ...

Page 16: ...d a coverage factor of 2 This uncertainty analysis is valid for APC 3 5mm and Type N option 001 connector types A significant proportion of the expanded uncertainty U Y is based on the uncertainties provided by the National Standards Institutes Agilent therefore reserve the right to change the overall expanded uncertainties based on changes in uncertainty values within the National Standards Insti...

Page 17: ...cation Instrument model Frequency GHz ENR Uncertainty dB 1 N4000A 0 01 1 5 0 16 1 5 3 0 0 15 3 0 7 0 0 15 7 0 18 0 0 16 N4001A 0 01 1 5 0 14 1 5 3 0 0 13 3 0 7 0 0 13 7 0 18 0 0 16 N4002A 0 01 1 5 0 15 1 5 3 0 0 13 3 0 7 0 0 13 7 0 18 0 0 15 18 0 26 5 0 22 1 Characteristic values are met or bettered by 90 of instruments with 90 confidence ...

Page 18: ...n Supplemental Characteristics Table 1 3 Supplemental Characteristics ENR variation with temperature 0 01 dB C for 30 MHz to 26 5 GHz Temperature Sensing Accuracy Range 0 to 55 o C Resolution 0 25 oC Accuracy 1o at 25 o C 2o over 0 oC to 55 oC ...

Page 19: ... included in the EEPROM calibration data is the measurement uncertainty and the complex reflection coefficient in both the On and Off states for each SNS The SNS has a built in thermometer which monitors the ambient temperature This value can be transferred to the NFA and control the calculation of the Tcold value All models are provided with a twelve pin connector for power input and data transfe...

Page 20: ...with option 001 Options The Agilent N4000A and N4001A Noise Sources are available with the following output connector options Option 001 Type N male Since the Type N connectors are not suitable for use above 18 0 GHz no output connector options are available for the Agilent N4002A Recommended Test Equipment All of the operator s checks are performed using an Agilent Noise Figure Analyzer with firm...

Page 21: ...ial Inspection Inspect the shipping container for damage Inspect the noise source for mechanical damage incurred in transit If the shipping container or cushioning material is damaged it should be kept until the contents of the shipment have been checked for completeness and the noise source has been mechanically and electrically checked If the contents are incomplete if there is mechanical damage...

Page 22: ...ner FRAGILE In any correspondence refer to the noise sources by model number and serial number Mating Connectors The noise sources can be mated with other instrumentation having the connectors listed in Table 1 4 Connectors That Can Be Mated With the Noise Sources Table 1 4 Storage and Shipping Environment The noise sources must be stored in a clean dry environment The following environmental limi...

Page 23: ...ent NFA Series Noise Figure Analyzers User s Guide CAUTION Use a dc blocking capacitor to protect the noise source from damage when connected to any system where a dc voltage is present on the output center conductor Noise figure measurements of devices such as amplifiers mixers transistors and receivers can be made using the Smart Noise Sources with a Noise Figure Analyzers Figure 1 4 shows a sim...

Page 24: ...in Appendix A Caring for Connectors on page 43 Operator s Check The operator s checks in this section should be performed if failure of the noise source is suspected The checks can be used only to verify that the noise sources are producing a broadband noise spectrum They can not be used to check the units against specifications NOTE The operator s checks are designed to find a fault in the SNS Ho...

Page 25: ...preset routine is complete before proceeding NOTE The preset condition used is the NFA default of Preset Factory Step 3 Press the ENR key Step 4 Press the SNS Setup menu key Step 5 Press the Preference menu key and set it to Preference SNS Step 6 Press the Auto Load ENR menu key and set it to Auto Load ENR Off Step 7 Connect the SNS to the NFA Port using the multi pin 11730 cable as shown in Figur...

Page 26: ... Table On Step 11 Press the ENR Table menu key Step 12 Press the Edit Table menu key and press the Clear Table menu key if there is data in the ENR Table You are prompted to press this key again This feature ensures you do not accidently clear a valid Frequency list table Press the Clear Table menu key again Figure 1 6 shows a typical cleared ENR table Figure 1 6 A Typical Cleared ENR Table ...

Page 27: ...SNS menu key Wait until the data is uploaded from the SNS before proceeding Step 15 Verify the data has been transferred from the SNS to the NFA The data transfer should be similar to Figure 1 7 If it is not return the SNS to Agilent Technologies for repair Figure 1 7 A Typical ENR Table after data entry ...

Page 28: ... 2 Press the Preset key Wait until the preset routine is complete before proceeding NOTE The preset condition used is the NFA default of Preset Factory Step 3 Press the ENR key Step 4 Press the Tcold menu key Step 5 Connect the SNS to the NFA Port using the multi pin 11730 cable as shown in Figure 1 8 Figure 1 8 Operator s Check Test Setup for Tcold Communication Step 6 Press the SNS Tcold menu ke...

Page 29: ... in the User Value menu key typically 296 50 K Figure 1 9 shows a typical NFA menu map Figure 1 9 Typical User Value Step 8 Press the User Tcold From SNS menu key In the User Value menu key the new ambient temperature value is displayed Figure 1 10 shows a typical NFA menu map Figure 1 10 Typical User Value after Uploading SNS Value ...

Page 30: ...shown in Figure 1 11 for 20 seconds This gives the SNS thermometer time to change its ambient value Then press the User Tcold From SNS menu key again The new ambient temperature value is displayed Figure 1 11 Operator s Check for Tcold Upload From SNS Step 10 If the value does not change return the SNS to Agilent Technologies for repair ...

Page 31: ...bles from the NFA input and SNS drive Step 2 Press the Preset key Wait until the preset routine has completed before proceeding NOTE The preset condition used is the NFA default of Preset Factory Step 3 Connect the SNS to the NFA Port using the multi pin 11730 cable as shown in Figure 1 12 Figure 1 12 SNS connected to NFA graphic Step 4 Press the Frequency Points key Step 5 Press the Frequency Mod...

Page 32: ...Step 10 Press the Manual State menu key and set it to Manual State On Step 11 Press the Noise Source menu key and set it to Noise Source On Step 12 Press the IF Att menu key and set it to IF Att Hold Step 13 Monitor the power value which appears in the manual measurement screen Figure 1 13 shows a typical example of this Figure 1 13 Typical example of power reading with Noise Source On Step 14 Pre...

Page 33: ... shows a typical example of this NOTE The monitored value is only to be used to indicate if the SNS is switching the Excess Noise On and Off by showing a change in power value Figure 1 14 Typical example of power reading with Noise Source Off Step 16 If there is not a change in value return the SNS to Agilent Technologies for repair ...

Page 34: ... for the user to perform Return the noise sources to Agilent Technologies when tests are required to verify its performance and for periodic re calibration The calibration must be traceable to the national standards laboratories The suggested interval before initial re calibration is one year Adjustments The user cannot make adjustments to the noise sources ...

Page 35: ...E If the Agilent Smart Noise Source is opened and parts replaced it requires re calibration Replaceable Parts List1 Table 1 5 1 Only replace these parts if you have calibration facilities to verify the SNS Model Option Replacement Bulkhead Assembly Replacement Noise Cartridge Attenuator Replacement Kit PC Board Assembly N4000A N4000 60014 00346 60154 00346 60156 N4000 60001 N4000A Opt 001 N4000 60...

Page 36: ...4002A E9321 40001 MP5 MP6 Plastic Shell N4000A N4001A N4002A 0460 1919 MP7 MP8 Copper Roll Shielding Tape N4000A N4001A N4002A N4000 80002 MP9 Label Caution N4000A N4001A N4002A N4000 80003 MP10 MP11 Label SNS Series N4000A N4000 80001 MP12 Label N4000A N4001A N4001 80001 MP12 Label N4001A N4002A N4002 80001 MP12 Label N4002A N4000A N4001A N4002A 00346 80011 MP13 Label Caution Model Agilent Part N...

Page 37: ...Chapter 1 27 General Information Replaceable Parts Figure 1 15 Illustrated Parts Break Down MP12 MP7 MP4 MP11 MP6 MP9 MP10 MP1 MP13 MP5 MP8 MP3 MP2 ...

Page 38: ...28 Chapter1 General Information Replaceable Parts Figure 1 16 Smart Noise Source Block Diagram ...

Page 39: ...he two wire bus interface allows for data transfer to and from the noise source The data stored in the EEPROM includes model serial number diode current setting and SNS calibration data The Power Supply provides 5V to the Two Wire Bus Interface EEPROM and Digital Temperature Sensor The Digital Temperature Sensor is a digital thermometer thermally coupled to the Microwave Assembly When the Smart No...

Page 40: ...user is not recommended because of the complex equipment required for test and calibration However a number of replacement parts are available for customers with repair and calibration capabilities See Replaceable Parts List on page 25 and Chassis Parts on page 26 NOTE This manual does not include specific repair procedures covering the replacement of parts listed in Table 1 5 Disassembly Procedur...

Page 41: ...r blade as wide as the slot between the two shells Step 2 Pry alternately at both sides of the connector see Figure 1 17 until the plastic shells are apart Remove the shells and the magnetic shields Reassembly Procedure Step 1 Replace the magnetic shields and plastic shells as shown in Figure 1 15 Step 2 Snap the plastic shells together Returning a Noise Source for Calibration When returning a Sma...

Page 42: ...Marketing Organization tel 31 20 547 2000 JAPAN Agilent Technologies Japan Ltd tel 81 426 56 7832 fax 81 426 56 7840 LATIN AMERICA Agilent Technologies Latin America Region Headquarters USA tel 305 267 4245 fax 305 267 4286 AUSTRALIA NEW ZEALAND Agilent Technologies Australia Pty Ltd tel 1 800 629 4852 Australia fax 61 3 9272 0749 Australia tel 0 800 738 378 New Zealand fax 64 4 802 6881 New Zeala...

Page 43: ...33 2 ENR File Format ...

Page 44: ...mat The ENR file is read line by line Each line is terminated by a linefeed character or a carriage return linefeed pair Each line must be less then 100 characters long excluding the terminator Lines containing only whitespace tab or space character are ignored Each line is interpreted as one of three types of record Comment Header Field ENR Data Comment Records A comment record must have either a...

Page 45: ...ginning of the file before the ENR data records Mixing header fields and ENR data is not permitted Mandatory header fields Certain header fields must be present These are NOTE All mandatory fields must appear in the file before any optional header fields Optional header fields The following header fields are also allowed Table 2 1 Mandatory header fields FieldName Description OptionalValue Descrip...

Page 46: ...ption optioncode option code string Option 001 Caldate Date of calibration of noise source date time formatted date and optional time Caldate 19991202 09 15 30 Calduedate Indicates date when next calibration of noise source is due date time formatted date and optional time Calduedate 20001225 Temperature Calibration temperature value number followed by unit Valid units are C F K Temperature 24C Hu...

Page 47: ...off_phase on_mag_uncert on_phase_uncert off_mag_uncert off_phase_uncert NOTE Square brackets signify optional fields Field separator Each field is separated by whitespace A single is allowed within or instead of the whitespace Numeric fields With the exception of the two optional value fields the other fields are numeric Numbers are formatted as an optional sign followed by a sequence of one or mo...

Page 48: ...data is supplied Reflection coefficient data The reflection coefficient data is optional and is formatted as four fields on_mag on_phase off_mag off_phase Reflection magnitude with noise source on Reflection angle in degrees with noise source on Reflection magnitude with noise source off Reflection angle in degrees with noise source off If any reflection coefficient data is supplied then all four ...

Page 49: ...a See Operator s Check for Data Communication on page 15 for further information Step 2 Press the File key Step 3 Press the Save menu key Step 4 Press the ENR menu key Step 5 Press the SNS menu key Step 6 Press the Tab key to highlight the Path C Ensure UP is highlighted Step 7 Press the Select menu key Ensure the A directory is highlighted Step 8 Press Select menu key Step 9 Press the Enter key W...

Page 50: ...0 Firmware Revision A 01 01 13 37 07 Mar 28 2001 Format is Frequency Hz ENR dB Filetype ENR Version 1 0 10000000 15 3500 100000000 15 4230 1000000000 15 2280 2000000000 15 0900 3000000000 14 9600 4000000000 14 8400 5000000000 14 7890 6000000000 14 7500 7000000000 14 7720 8000000000 14 8570 9000000000 14 9580 10000000000 15 0600 11000000000 15 0830 12000000000 15 1950 13000000000 15 2710 1400000000...

Page 51: ...lduedate 20010727 Placeofcal EPSGQ Trackingnum 10 Temperature 296 5K Humidity 65 Current 36272 10000000 15 281 0 193 0 0450 136 0 0 0450 136 0 0 0030 6 0 0 0070 6 0 100000000 15 291 0 190 0 0358 168 0 0 0358 168 0 0 0040 4 6 0 0050 4 6 1000000000 15 118 0 151 0 0398 39 6 0 0398 39 6 0 0100 4 5 0 0067 1 5 2000000000 14 999 0 168 0 0377 0 168 0 0377 85 7 0 0056 0 9 0 0086 1 9 3000000000 14 879 0 172...

Page 52: ...57 3 2 0 0077 2 2 13000000000 15 383 0 188 0 0217 5 4 0 0217 5 4 0 0062 6 9 0 0045 1 9 14000000000 15 355 0 178 0 0228 66 6 0 0228 66 6 0 0075 11 2 0 0065 1 2 15000000000 15 367 0 187 0 0141 141 6 0 0141 141 6 0 0036 3 2 0 0029 1 2 16000000000 15 421 0 182 0 0251 6 4 0 0251 6 4 0 0030 7 2 0 0042 1 2 17000000000 15 418 0 174 0 0242 100 5 0 0242 100 5 0 0048 2 7 0 0050 9 7 18000000000 15 464 0 179 0...

Page 53: ...43 A Caring for Connectors The material contained in this appendix may not be apply to the connector you are using on the instrument ...

Page 54: ...he latest edition of the HP RF Microwave Test Accessories Catalog for connector part numbers Handling and Storage Microwave connectors must be handled carefully inspected before use and when not in use stored in a way that gives them maximum protection Avoid touching the connector mating plane surfaces and avoid setting the connectors contact end down especially on a hard surface Never store conne...

Page 55: ...nd in cleaning connectors but it is not required for inspection Obvious Defects and Damage Examine the connectors first for obvious defects or damage badly worn plating deformed threads or bent broken or misaligned center conductors Connector nuts should move smoothly and be free of burrs loose metal particles and rough spots Immediately discard or mark for identification and send away for repair ...

Page 56: ...e mating plane surface of the connector may indicate that the connector itself is damaged and should not be used Try to determine the cause of the damage before making further connections Precision 7 mm Connectors Precision 7mm connectors among them APC 7 connectors should be inspected visually with the center conductor collets in place and whenever the collet has been removed See Figure A 1 The c...

Page 57: ...nter conductor contact fingers Figure A 2 and Figure A 3 These are very easily bent or broken and damage to them is not always easy to see Any connector with damaged contact fingers will not make good electrical contact and must be replaced Figure A 2 Precision 3 5mm connectors Outer Conductor Center Conductor Collet Outer Conductor Mating Plane Dielectric Support bead MALE FEMALE Outer Conductor ...

Page 58: ...48 AppendixA Caring for Connectors Visual Inspection Figure A 3 SMA connectors MALE FEMALE Outer Conductor Mating Plane ...

Page 59: ...ating plane surfaces can usually be removed with a quick blast of compressed air This is very easy to do and should always be tried first using compressed air from a small pressurized can The stream of air can be directed exactly where it is wanted through a plastic not metal nozzle No hoses or other connections are needed Hold the can upright to avoid spraying liquid along with the vapor Cleaning...

Page 60: ...a cable calibration or verification standard the easiest way to do this is to put a lint free cleaning cloth flat on a table and put a couple of drops of alcohol in the center of the cloth It should be noted that it is not necessary to remove the collet to use this cleaning method Retract the connector sleeve threads so that the connector interface is exposed Gently press the contact end of the co...

Page 61: ...s to cut off the sharp tip of a round wooden toothpick or a smaller diameter wooden rod and then to wrap it with a single layer of lint free cleaning cloth Figure A 4 Cleaning interior surfaces NOTE Metal must never be used it will scratch the plated surfaces and in cleaning precision 3 5mm connectors the diameter must not exceed 0 070 in 1 7 mm The wooden handle of a cotton swab for example is to...

Page 62: ...luminated magnifying glass or microscope to see clearly the areas you wish to clean Drying Connectors When you have cleaned a connector always be sure that it is completely dry before reassembling or using it Blow the connector dry with a gentle stream of clean compressed air and inspect it again under a magnifying glass to be sure that no particles or alcohol residues remain ...

Page 63: ...le due to wear or damage Connectors on calibration and verification devices should also be gaged whenever they have been used by someone else or on another system or piece of equipment Precision 3 5mm and SMA connectors should be gaged relatively more often than other connectors owing to the ease with which the center pins can be pulled out of specification during disconnection Connectors should a...

Page 64: ...ade by spring loaded contacts called collets These protrude slightly in front of the outer conductor mating plane when the connectors are apart When the connection is tightened the collets are compressed into the same plane as the outer conductors For this reason two mechanical specifications are generally given for precision 7mm connectors the maximum recession of the center conductor behind the ...

Page 65: ...oulder of the male contact pin and the tip of the female contact fingers when the connectors are mated In practice this means that no Type N connector pair should be mated when the separation between the tip of the female contact fingers and the shoulder of the male contact pin could be less than zero when the connectors are mated Gage Type N connectors carefully to avoid damage Type N connectors ...

Page 66: ...onnector This decreases the total center conductor contact separation and should be monitored carefully 75 Ohm Type N Connectors 75Ω Type N connectors differ from 50Ω Type N connectors most significantly in that the center conductor male contact pin and female contact hole are smaller Therefore mating a male 50Ω Type N connector with a female 75Ω Type N connector will destroy the female 75Ω connec...

Page 67: ...hat you are using the correct connector gage and correct end of the gage calibration block for the connector being measured Hold the gage by the plunger barrel not the dial housing or cap and for male connectors slip the protruding end of the calibration block into the circular bushing on the connector gage For precision 7mm female precision 3 5mm use the flat end of the gage calibration block For...

Page 68: ...e pointer still does not line up with the zero mark on the gage loosen the dial lock screw and turn the graduated dial until the gage pointer exactly lines up with zero Then retighten the lock screw Figure A 6 Using the connector gage NOTE Gages should be checked often to make sure that the zero setting has not changed Generally when the gage pointer on a gage that has been zeroed recently does no...

Page 69: ...r Hold the gage by the plunger barrel and slip the gage into the connector so that the gage plunger rests against the center conductor Carefully bring the gage into firm contact with the outer conductor mating plane Apply only enough pressure to the gage so that the gage pointer settles at a reading Gently rock the connector gage within the connector to make sure that the gage and the outer conduc...

Page 70: ...o assure accurate measurements As you bring one connector up to the other and as you make the actual connection be alert for any sign that the two connectors are not aligned perfectly If you suspect that misalignment has occurred stop and begin again Alignment is especially important in the case of sexed connectors such as precision 3 5mm and SMA connectors to avoid bending or breaking the contact...

Page 71: ...ke a Preliminary Connection Align the two connectors carefully and engage the connector nut over the exposed connector sleeve threads on the other connector Gently turn the connector nut until a preliminary connection is made Let the connector nut pull the two connectors straight together Do not twist one connector body into the other as you might drive a screw or insert a light bulb as this is ex...

Page 72: ...s pre set to the correct value for each connector type are included in many Agilent calibration kits and they are also available separately Torque settings are detailed in Table A 2 When using a torque wrench prevent rotation of anything other than the connector nut that is being tightened with the torque wrench Generally this is easy to do by hand all the more so if one of the connectors is fixed...

Page 73: ... in order to make the connection If necessary use the torque wrench or an open end wrench to start the process but leave the connection finger tight At all times support the devices and the connection to avoid putting lateral bending force on the connectors Complete the disconnection by disconnecting the connector nut completely Table A 2 Recommended Torque Settings Type Description Precision 7mm ...

Page 74: ...connectors pull the connectors straight apart and be especially careful not to twist the body of any device as you do so Twisting the connection can damage the connector by damaging the center conductors or the interior component parts to which the connectors themselves are attached It can also scrape the plating from the male contact pin or even in rare instances unscrew the male or female contac...

Page 75: ...d or out of specification SMA connectors can destroy a precision 3 5mm connector even on the very first connection For this reason it is recommended that you use high quality precision adapters sometimes called connector savers whenever more than a few connections are to be made between SMA and precision 3 5mm connectors In most applications two adapters will be required one each at the input and ...

Page 76: ...3 5mm Precision 7mm female 3 5 mm Precision 7mm male 50Ω Type N Precision 7mm female 50Ω Type N Precision 3 5mm and SMA Male 3 5mm female 3 5mm Male 3 5mm female 3 5 mm Female 3 5mm female 3 5mm Precision 7mm male 3 5mm Precision 7mm female 3 5mm Connector saver male 3 5mm female 3 5 mm Connector saver male 3 5mm male 3 5mm ...

Page 77: ...ean Extend sleeve or connector nut Use plastic end caps during storage Touch mating plane surfaces Set connectors contact end down Visual Inspection DO DO NOT Inspect each connector carefully before every connection Look for metal particles scratches and dents Use a damaged connector EVER Cleaning DO DO NOT Try compressed air first Clean connector threads Use any abrasives Get liquid onto plastic ...

Page 78: ...rs before first use Use an out of spec connector Making Connections DO DO NOT Align connectors carefully Make preliminary connection lightly Turn connector nut only to tighten Use a torque wrench for final connection Apply bending force to connection Overtighten preliminary connection Twist or screw in connectors Tighten past break point of torque wrench Table A 4 Principles of Microwave Connector...

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