Acer Aspire 1430 Series Service Manual Download Page 54

Page: 54 / 129

Chapter 3

Loosen the heatsink screws in the order shown and remove the heatsink fan from the mainboard.

Removing the Speaker Module

Perform the “Removing the Mainboard” procedure on page 43.

AMD Model

Intel Model

Maintenance and Service Guide,Service Manual,Motherboard Schematics for Laptop/notebook http://faqp.ru/
HTTP://FAQP.RU/ -

Схемы

сервис

мануалы

инструкции

по

разборке

ноутбука

Summary of Contents for Aspire 1430 Series

Page 1: ...Guide PRINTED IN TAIWAN Service guide files and updates are available on the ACER CSD web for more information please refer to http csd acer com tw Maintenance and Service Guide Service Manual Mother...

Page 2: ...ble below for the updates made on Aspire 1430 1551 1830T Series and Aspire One 721 753 Series service guide Date Chapter Updates Maintenance and Service Guide Service Manual Motherboard Schematics for...

Page 3: ...warranties of merchantability or fitness for any particular purpose Any Acer Incorporated software described in this manual is sold or licensed as is Should the programs prove defective following the...

Page 4: ...current topic WARNING Alerts you to any damage that might result from doing or not doing specific actions CAUTION Gives precautionary measures to avoid possible hardware or software problems IMPORTANT...

Page 5: ...s please contact your regional offices or the responsible personnel channel to provide you with further technical details 2 Please note WHEN ORDERING FRU PARTS that you should check the most up to dat...

Page 6: ...VI Maintenance and Service Guide Service Manual Motherboard Schematics for Laptop notebook http faqp ru HTTP FAQP RU...

Page 7: ...rnal Modules Disassembly Flowchart 26 Removing the Battery Pack 27 Removing the Back Cover 28 Removing the Hard Disk Drive Module 28 Removing the DIMM Modules 30 Removing the WLAN Module 30 Removing t...

Page 8: ...r Messages 66 Intermittent Problems 69 Undetermined Problems 70 System Architecture 71 Aspire 1430 1830T One 753 Series Block Diagram 71 Aspire 1551 One 721 Series Block Diagram 72 Mainboard Layout 73...

Page 9: ...icrophone Internal microphone for sound recording 3 Display screen Also called Liquid Crystal Display LCD displays computer output configuration may vary by model 4 Power button Turns the computer on...

Page 10: ...ction Description Fn F3 Communication key Enables disables the computer s communication devices Communication devices may vary by configuration Fn F4 Sleep Puts the computer in Sleep mode Fn F5 Displa...

Page 11: ...ice on A green toggle indicates the device is on Click the green toggle to turn the device off Communication devices may vary by model Fn Brightness up Increases the screen brightness Fn Brightness do...

Page 12: ...Connects to a display device e g external monitor LCD projector 2 DC in jack Connects to an AC adapter 3 HDMI HDMI port Supports high definition digital video connections 4 Ventilation slots Enable t...

Page 13: ...peakers headphones 3 USB 2 0 ports Connect to USB 2 0 devices e g USB mouse USB camera 4 Kensington lock slot Connects to a Kensington compatible computer security lock 5 Ethernet RJ 45 port Connects...

Page 14: ...g 20 C to 65 C Humidity non condensing Operating 20 to 80 Non operating 20 to 80 Component Icon Description Webcam Use to let others see who they are communicating with when making VoIP calls For more...

Page 15: ...e your finger around on the touchpad If you run out of space and need to move the pointer farther lift your finger move it to the middle of the touchpad then continue moving your finger Select an obje...

Page 16: ...n the screen Position the pointer over the object Quickly press and release the right button once This action is called right clicking Move an object on the screen Position the pointer over the object...

Page 17: ...ss Chipset AMD RS880M w HDCP EEPROM South bridge Mobile Intel HM55 Express Chipset AMD SB820M System Controllers Item Controller VGA UMA LAN Foxconn Atheros AR8151L 3G Ericsson F3307 mobile broadband...

Page 18: ...grated 10 100 BASE T transceiver Wake on LAN support compliant with ACPI 2 0 PCIE Wireless LAN Item Specification Chipset Foxconn WLAN Atheros HB93 2x2 BGN Foxconn WLAN LAN Atheros HB95 1x1 BG HM Foxc...

Page 19: ...33 2GB HMT125S6TFR8C H9 LF SO DIMM DDRIII 1333 2GB NT2GC64B8HC0NS CG LF Samsung SO DIMM DDRIII 1066 1GB M471B2873EH1 CF8 LF SO DIMM DDRIII 1333 1GB M471B2873FHS CH9 LF SO DIMM DDRIII 1066 2GB M471B567...

Page 20: ...A30 0 WD WD1600BEVT 22A23T0 Seagate ST9250315AS Toshiba MK2565GSX HGST HTS545025B9A30 0 WD WD2500BEVT 22A23T0 Seagate ST9320325AS Toshiba MK3265GSX HGST HTS545032B9A30 0 WD WD3200BEVT 22A23T0 Seagate...

Page 21: ...4 x 768 800 x 600 Pixel Pitch mm 0 216 Pixel Arrangement R G B Vertical Stripe Display Mode Normally White Typical White Luminance NIT also called Brightness 220 Luminance Uniformity 1 25 max Contrast...

Page 22: ...S5 OS initiated shutdown All devices in the system are turned off completely Working G0 S0 Individual devices such as the CPU and hard disc may be power managed in this state Suspend to RAM S3 CPU se...

Page 23: ...screens To use the BIOS setup utility To choose a menu use the left and right arrow keys To choose an item use the up and down arrow keys To change the value of a parameter press F5 or F6 A plus sign...

Page 24: ...essor speed IDE0 Model Name Displays the model name of the hard drive installed on the primary IDE master IDE0 Serial Number Displays the serial number of the hard drive installed on the primary IDE m...

Page 25: ...age can boot this computer only works with an Ethernet device Disabled Enabled F12 Boot Menu Enables or disables the Boot menu during POST Disabled Enabled D2D Recovery Enables or disables the D2D Rec...

Page 26: ...l settings in the Setup Utility Set User Password Press Enter to set a user password When set this password will restrict a user s access to the Setup menus Only the following menus will be accessible...

Page 27: ...press Enter 4 You will be prompted to save the new password 5 Press Enter 6 Press F10 to save the password and close the Setup Utility Changing a password To change a password 1 Press or to highlight...

Page 28: ...boot up the computer The same thing applies if you forget the HDD password To clear a lost BIOS password user or supervisor password you need to short the clear password hardware gap located on the sy...

Page 29: ...scards changes made and closes the Setup utility Load Setup Default Loads the factory default settings for all Setup parameters Keyboard shortcut F9 Discard Changes Discards all changes made to the Se...

Page 30: ...e a Crisis Disk See Creating the BIOS Crisis Disk in Windows on page 78 before you use the Flash utility Do not install memory related drivers XMS EMS DPMI when you use the Flash Make sure the battery...

Page 31: ...venting electrostatic discharge Flat screwdriver Philips screwdriver Hex screwdriver Plastic flat screwdriver Plastic tweezers NOTE The screws for the different components vary in size During the disa...

Page 32: ...1 Turn off the system and all peripherals 2 Unplug the AC adapter and all power and signal cables from the system 3 Place the system on a flat stable surface 4 Remove any dummy card inside the card r...

Page 33: ...to any of the hardware components For example if you want to remove the main board you must first remove the keyboard then disassemble the inside assembly frame in that order Main Screw List Code Typ...

Page 34: ...remove the keyboard then disassemble the inside assembly frame in that order Screw List Code Type Color Part Number A M2 x L4 Black Silver 86 00E50 724 B M3 x L4 Silver 86 9A554 4R0 F M2 x L4 7 Black...

Page 35: ...h to the release position 2 then remove the battery pack from the system 3 IMPORTANT Battery has been highlighted with the yellow circle as above image shows Please detach the battery and follow the l...

Page 36: ...pry open the back cover 4 Remove the back cover from the lower case Removing the Hard Disk Drive Module 1 See Removing the Battery Pack on page 27 2 See Removing the Back Cover on page 28 Type Quanti...

Page 37: ...r and remove it from its compartment NOTE To prevent damage to device avoid pressing down on it or placing heavy objects on top of it Type Quantity Color Torque Part Number M3 x L4 1 Silver 1 6 kgf cm...

Page 38: ...on page 28 3 Push out the latches on both sides of the DIMM socket to release the DIMM and remove the DIMM modules Removing the WLAN Module 1 See Removing the Battery Pack on page 27 2 See Removing t...

Page 39: ...na from AUX connector on the WLAN module 4 Remove the screw A securing the WLAN module Type Quantity Color Torque Part Number M2 x L4 1 1 Silver 1 6 kgf cm 86 00E50 724 Maintenance and Service Guide S...

Page 40: ...ranged properly Removing the 3G Module 1 See Removing the Battery Pack on page 27 2 See Removing the Back Cover on page 28 3 Disconnect the yellow antenna from MAIN connector and the blue antenna from...

Page 41: ...nnector NOTE When attaching the antennas back to the 3G module make sure the cables are arranged properly Type Quantity Color Torque Part Number M2 x L4 1 1 Silver 1 6 kgf cm 86 00E50 724 Maintenance...

Page 42: ...M2 x L2 5 Silver 86 00D72 620 E IMS M2 x L4 Black 86 00E13 524 MAIN UNIT KEYBOARD MAIN UNIT DISASSEMBLY UPPER CASE TOUCHPAD BUTTON BOARD Dx1 LEFT AND RIGHT SPEAKERS Ax4 TOUCHPAD BOARD Ex2 LCD MODULE U...

Page 43: ...se a plastic flat blade screwdriver to push the latches on the top side of the keyboard 3 Turn the keyboard over on the palm rest to gain access to the keyboard cable Maintenance and Service Guide Ser...

Page 44: ...28 3 See Removing the Hard Disk Drive Module on page 28 4 See Removing the DIMM Modules on page 30 5 See Removing the WLAN Module on page 30 6 See Removing the 3G Module on page 32 7 See Removing the...

Page 45: ...e upper case Type Quantity Color Torque Part Number M2 x L4 12 Black 1 6 kgf cm 86 00E50 724 M2 x L10 2 Black 1 6 kgf cm 86 9AR62 100 Type Quantity Color Torque Part Number M2 x L4 4 Silver 1 6 kgf cm...

Page 46: ...ouch pad cable from the mainboard connector 12 Pry loose the upper case from the lower case and remove the upper case Maintenance and Service Guide Service Manual Motherboard Schematics for Laptop not...

Page 47: ...t the cable from the touch pad button board 3 Remove the one screw D securing the touch pad button board to the upper case Type Quantity Color Torque Part Number M2 x L2 5 1 Silver 1 6 kgf cm 86 00E50...

Page 48: ...Upper Case procedure on page 36 2 Release the latches and disconnect the cables from the touchpad board 3 Remove the adhesive tape from the touchpad board Maintenance and Service Guide Service Manual...

Page 49: ...ircuit board that is 10 cm has been highlighted with the yellow rectangle as above image shows Follow local regulations for disposing this type of circuit board Removing the USB Board 1 Perform the Re...

Page 50: ...ng the Bluetooth Module 1 Perform the Removing the Upper Case procedure on page 36 2 Disconnect the Bluetooth cable from its mainboard connector and remove the Bluetooth module NOTE Be careful when re...

Page 51: ...ing the USB Board procedure on page 41 3 Perform the Removing the Bluetooth Module procedure on page 42 4 Disconnect the LVDS cable from the mainboard 5 Disconnect the speaker cable from the mainboard...

Page 52: ...e above image shows Follow local regulations for disposing this type of circuit board IMPORTANT The CMOS battery has been highlighted with a yellow circle in the above image Detach the battery and fol...

Page 53: ...the Removing the Mainboard procedure on page 43 2 Turn the mainboard over and disconnect the heatsink fan cable from its mainboard connector Maintenance and Service Guide Service Manual Motherboard S...

Page 54: ...ve the heatsink fan from the mainboard Removing the Speaker Module 1 Perform the Removing the Mainboard procedure on page 43 1 2 3 4 AMD Model Intel Model Maintenance and Service Guide Service Manual...

Page 55: ...r cables and remove the speaker module from the bottom panel Removing the LCD Module 1 Perform the Removing the Mainboard procedure on page 43 Type Quantity Color Torque Part Number M2 x L4 4 Black 1...

Page 56: ...he LCD module 3 Detach the LCD module from the base unit Type Quantity Color Torque Part Number M2 x L4 2 Black 1 6 kgf cm 86 00E13 524 Maintenance and Service Guide Service Manual Motherboard Schemat...

Page 57: ...art Number D M2 x L2 5 Black Silver 86 00D72 620 E IMS M2 x L4 Black 86 00E13 524 LCD MODULE LCD BEZEL LEFT HINGE RIGHT HINGE Dx2 Dx2 LCD PANEL LCD MODULE DISASSEMBLY Ex6 WLAN ANTENNAS WEBCAM Maintena...

Page 58: ...el from the LCD case and detach the bezel Removing the LCD Panel 1 Perform the Removing the LCD Bezel procedure on page 50 2 Disconnect the cable from the webcam and remove the internal microphone fro...

Page 59: ...Carefully lift up the LCD panel to remove it from the back cover Type Quantity Color Torque Part Number IMS M2 x L4 6 Black 1 6 kgf cm 86 00E13 524 Maintenance and Service Guide Service Manual Mother...

Page 60: ...is glued to the panel 6 Disconnect the LCD cable from the connector Removing the LCD Brackets with Hinges 1 Perform the Removing the LCD Panel procedure on page 50 Maintenance and Service Guide Servic...

Page 61: ...0 2 Detach the aluminum foil tabs and the latches securing the WLAN antenna cables then remove the WLAN antennas NOTE There is no need to remove the antenna unless you really need to replace it Type Q...

Page 62: ...ocedure on page 50 2 Pry loose the CCD board from the LCD case to remove it NOTE The CCD board is glued to the LCD case Remove the CCD board only if it is defective Maintenance and Service Guide Servi...

Page 63: ...failure The power indicator does not go on or stay on Power System Check on page 57 POST does not complete No beep or error codes are indicated Power On Self Test POST Error Message on page 58 Undete...

Page 64: ...diagnostics diskette and start the diagnostics program 2 Run the CD ROM Test and see if the test completes successfully 3 Follow the onscreen instructions If an error occurs reconnect the drive conne...

Page 65: ...you suspect a power problem complete the appropriate power supply check Check the Power Adapter on page 57 Check the Battery Pack on page 58 Check the Power Adapter Unplug the power adapter cable fro...

Page 66: ...not replace a non defective FRU After you use the touchpad the pointer may drift on the screen for a short time This self acting pointer movement can occur when a slight steady pressure is applied to...

Page 67: ...boot the system Test or replace the hard disk drive Test or replace the mainboard Stuck Key See Keyboard or Auxiliary Input Device Check on page 56 Keyboard error See Keyboard or Auxiliary Input Devic...

Page 68: ...OS Setup Utility Incorrect Drive A type run SETUP Make sure that the drive is defined with the proper diskette type in the BIOS Setup Utility System cache error Cache disabled Test or replace the main...

Page 69: ...cted tightly and correctly Reconnect the SO DIMM Test or replace the LED board Test or replace the mainboard No beep power on indicator turns on and LCD is blank Test the power source battery pack and...

Page 70: ...MA controller initialization 1Ch Reset Programmable Interrupt Controller 20h 1 3 1 1 Test DRAM refresh 22h 1 3 1 3 Test 8742 Keyboard Controller 24h Set ES segment register to 4 GB 26h Enable A20 line...

Page 71: ...CPU caches 69h Setup System Management Mode SMM area 6Ah Display external L2 cache size 6Bh Load custom defaults optional 6Ch Display shadow area message 6Eh Display possible high address for UMB reco...

Page 72: ...upts 9Fh Determine number of ATA and SCSI drives A0h Set time of day A2h Check key lock A4h Initialize Typematic rate A8h Erase F2 prompt AAh Scan for F2 key stroke ACh Enter SETUP AEh Clear Boot flag...

Page 73: ...um BIOS ROM E7h Go to BIOS E8h Set Huge Segment E9h Initialize Multi Processor EAh Initialize OEM special code EBh Initialize PIC and DMA ECh Initialize Memory type EDh Initialize Memory size EEh Shad...

Page 74: ...ion Test the power source battery pack and power adapter See Power System Check on page 57 Test or replace the battery pack Test or replace the power adapter Test or replace the mainboard System doesn...

Page 75: ...onnection to the mainboard Test or replace the hard disk drive Test or replace the mainboard System doesn t resume from standby mode after opening the LCD Test or replace the mainboard Battery fuel ga...

Page 76: ...d Keyboard Touchpad Related Symptoms Symptom Error Action in Sequence Keyboard one or more keys does not work Reconnect the keyboard cable Test or replace the keyboard Test or replace the mainboard To...

Page 77: ...considered only when a recurring problem exists When analyzing an intermittent problem do the following 1 Run the advanced diagnostic test for the mainboard in loop mode at least 10 times If no error...

Page 78: ...solate the failing FRU 1 Turn off the system 2 Visually check FRU parts for damage If you identify any damage replace the FRU 3 Remove or disconnect all of the following devices Non Acer devices Print...

Page 79: ...apter 5 71 Aspire 1430 1830T One 753 Series Block Diagram System Architecture Chapter 5 Maintenance and Service Guide Service Manual Motherboard Schematics for Laptop notebook http faqp ru HTTP FAQP R...

Page 80: ...72 Chapter 5 Aspire 1551 One 721 Series Block Diagram Maintenance and Service Guide Service Manual Motherboard Schematics for Laptop notebook http faqp ru HTTP FAQP RU...

Page 81: ...Chapter 5 73 Mainboard Layout Top View Maintenance and Service Guide Service Manual Motherboard Schematics for Laptop notebook http faqp ru HTTP FAQP RU...

Page 82: ...74 Chapter 5 Bottom View Maintenance and Service Guide Service Manual Motherboard Schematics for Laptop notebook http faqp ru HTTP FAQP RU...

Page 83: ...gap located near the DIMM module to clear the password To clear a BIOS password 1 Turn off the system and unplug all peripherals connected to it 2 Unplug the AC adapter Gap Default Setting Operation D...

Page 84: ...the AC adapter into the DC power jack and plug one end of the electrical outlet 8 Press the power button to turn on the system 9 After POST remove the tool from the hardware gap 10 Restart the compute...

Page 85: ...Type the following command A unlock6 XXXXX 00 where XXXXX is the HDD password error code 3 Press Enter to display the command options 4 Select option 2 upper case ASCII code then press Enter 5 Write...

Page 86: ...ning dialog box appears click OK to create the Crisis disk 7 Click No if you do not want to create another Crisis disk 8 Eject and reconnect the USB removable storage device and make sure it contains...

Page 87: ...se given to regional AUTHORIZED SERVICE PROVIDERS You MUST use the local FRU list provided by your regional office to order FRU parts for repair and service of customer machines Make sure that you are...

Page 88: ...80 Chapter 6 Exploded Diagram Maintenance and Service Guide Service Manual Motherboard Schematics for Laptop notebook http faqp ru HTTP FAQP RU...

Page 89: ...Chapter 6 81 Maintenance and Service Guide Service Manual Motherboard Schematics for Laptop notebook http faqp ru HTTP FAQP RU...

Page 90: ...Chapter 6 FRU List Aspire 1430 1551 1830T Series and Aspire One 721 753 Series FRU List 1 Maintenance and Service Guide Service Manual Motherboard Schematics for Laptop notebook http faqp ru HTTP FAQP...

Page 91: ...Chapter 6 83 Maintenance and Service Guide Service Manual Motherboard Schematics for Laptop notebook http faqp ru HTTP FAQP RU...

Page 92: ...Appendix A 84 Model Definition and Configuration Appendix A Maintenance and Service Guide Service Manual Motherboard Schematics for Laptop notebook http faqp ru HTTP FAQP RU...

Page 93: ...Appendix A 85 Aspire 1430 1551 1830T One 721 753 otherboard Schematics for Laptop notebook http faqp ru...

Page 94: ...Appendix A 86 otherboard Schematics for Laptop notebook http faqp ru...

Page 95: ...Appendix A 87 otherboard Schematics for Laptop notebook http faqp ru...

Page 96: ...Appendix A 88 otherboard Schematics for Laptop notebook http faqp ru...

Page 97: ...Appendix A 89 otherboard Schematics for Laptop notebook http faqp ru...

Page 98: ...Appendix A 90 otherboard Schematics for Laptop notebook http faqp ru...

Page 99: ...Appendix A 91 otherboard Schematics for Laptop notebook http faqp ru...

Page 100: ...Appendix A 92 otherboard Schematics for Laptop notebook http faqp ru...

Page 101: ...Appendix A 93 otherboard Schematics for Laptop notebook http faqp ru...

Page 102: ...Appendix A 94 otherboard Schematics for Laptop notebook http faqp ru...

Page 103: ...Appendix A 95 otherboard Schematics for Laptop notebook http faqp ru...

Page 104: ...Appendix A 96 otherboard Schematics for Laptop notebook http faqp ru...

Page 105: ...Appendix A 97 otherboard Schematics for Laptop notebook http faqp ru...

Page 106: ...Appendix A 98 otherboard Schematics for Laptop notebook http faqp ru...

Page 107: ...Appendix A 99 otherboard Schematics for Laptop notebook http faqp ru...

Page 108: ...Appendix A 100 otherboard Schematics for Laptop notebook http faqp ru...

Page 109: ...Appendix A 101 otherboard Schematics for Laptop notebook http faqp ru...

Page 110: ...Appendix A 102 otherboard Schematics for Laptop notebook http faqp ru...

Page 111: ...Appendix A 103 otherboard Schematics for Laptop notebook http faqp ru...

Page 112: ...Appendix A 104 otherboard Schematics for Laptop notebook http faqp ru...

Page 113: ...Appendix A 105 otherboard Schematics for Laptop notebook http faqp ru...

Page 114: ...Appendix A 106 otherboard Schematics for Laptop notebook http faqp ru...

Page 115: ...Appendix A 107 otherboard Schematics for Laptop notebook http faqp ru...

Page 116: ...Appendix A 108 otherboard Schematics for Laptop notebook http faqp ru...

Page 117: ...Appendix A 109 otherboard Schematics for Laptop notebook http faqp ru...

Page 118: ...Appendix A 110 otherboard Schematics for Laptop notebook http faqp ru...

Page 119: ...Appendix A 111 otherboard Schematics for Laptop notebook http faqp ru...

Page 120: ...Appendix A 112 otherboard Schematics for Laptop notebook http faqp ru...

Page 121: ...to the following lists for components adapter cards and peripherals which have passed these tests Regarding configuration combination and test procedures please refer to the Compatibility Test Report...

Page 122: ...Modem 3G E220 HSDPA UMTS EDGE GPRS GSM Huawei USB Camera Canon Digital IXUS 860 IS Digital Compact Camera 8 0 Megapixel CCD sensor DIGIC III with Face Detection AF AE FE 28mm wide angle lens with opt...

Page 123: ...M2 8GB Card SanDisk Multimedia Card RS MMC 128MB Memory Card Sandisk RS MMC Mobile 256MB Memory Card PQI Transcend MMC plus 4GB Card Transcend Turbo 200X 2GB MMC Card A DATA SD Card 4GB SD PRO Memory...

Page 124: ...116 Appendix B Maintenance and Service Guide Service Manual Motherboard Schematics for Laptop notebook http faqp ru HTTP FAQP RU...

Page 125: ...for all models User s manuals Training materials Bios updates Software utilities Spare parts lists TABs Technical Announcement Bulletin For these purposes we have included a PDF File to facilitate th...

Page 126: ...118 Appendix C Maintenance and Service Guide Service Manual Motherboard Schematics for Laptop notebook http faqp ru HTTP FAQP RU...

Page 127: ...reating 78 D D2D Recovery 17 DIMM Module 30 display hotkeys 2 double clicking 7 dragging 8 E Error Symptom to Spare Part Index 58 External CD ROM Drive Check 56 External Module Disassembly Flowchart 2...

Page 128: ...change 19 guidelines 18 HDD description 18 Password on Boot 18 remove 19 set 19 supervisor description 18 Password on Boot 18 pointer identifying 7 moving 7 Power System Check 57 Battery Pack 58 Powe...

Page 129: ...en objects 7 Touchpad Board removing 40 Touchpad Button Board removing 39 Touchpad Check 58 Troubleshooting 55 TV Tuner Board 28 U Undetermined Problems 70 USB Board removing 41 user password change 1...

Search results

Summary of Contents for Aspire 1430 Series

Reviews:

Related manuals for Aspire 1430 Series

Brands by name

Popular brands

Acer Aspire 1430 Series, Service Manual

Search results

Summary of Contents for Aspire 1430 Series

Reviews:

Related manuals for Aspire 1430 Series

Brands by name

Popular brands