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3M Dynatel 2250M Series, Operator'S Manual

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3M Dynatel 2250M Series Operator'S Manual Download Page 71

Special Applications

Section 2

Page 61

    

3.1

To analyze a section of cable, first use the

RESISTANCE FAULT LOCATE

 function to

measure as many resistance faults as you can in the
section. Next, use the OPENS key to measure to as many
open faults in the section as possible, then refer to the
chart below:

Pattern of Symptoms

Look for:

Several light faults with
mostly ring-battery crosses
with tips clear.

Water in the cable at some
location other than a splice
or encapsulation.

Several high resistance
troubles with shorts, cross-
es and grounds on both tip
and ring with some tips
open.

Water in a splice case or
encapsulation.

Both solid and light troubles
with some conductors
shorted and some open;
many faults.

Physical damage to the
cable due to stakes,
trenches, construction, etc.

Summary of Contents for Dynatel 2250M Series

Page 1: ...0 900M Series Test Set Operators Manual September 1996 78 8093 0453 4 Revision D Advanced Test Equipment Rentals www atecorp com 800 404 ATEC 2832 Established 1981 3M Dynatel 965 Specs Provided by www AAATesters com ...

Page 2: ... Series Test Sets Operators Manual The information in this manual is proprietary to 3M and may not be reprinted or otherwise copied without the express written permission of 3M 1996 Minnesota Mining Manufacturing Company ...

Page 3: ...e 6 G Other Setups 7 4 DIAL 8 DC Line Test 10 Voltage 12 Current 14 Ohms 16 Ohms to Distance Ohms Ft 18 Resistance Fault Locate 20 Tone 38 Opens 40 Splits 44 AC Line Test 48 Ringers 50 REG 52 Loss 54 Noise 56 Section Two Special Applications 1 MULTIPLE RESISTANCE FAULTS 59 2 WATER IN CABLE RESISTANCE FAULTED PAIR 60 3 SECTION ANALYSIS 61 4 LOAD COILS 62 5 LOCATING OPENS BY RATIO 64 6 LOCATING OPEN...

Page 4: ... 965M SUBSCRIBER LOOP ANALYZER 72 A Measurements 72 B Resistance Fault Locate 73 C Outputs 75 D Environment 75 E Dimensions 75 F Battery Power 75 Section Four Care and Maintenance 1 TEST LEAD AND BATTERY INSTALLATION INSTRUCTIONS 77 2 BATTERY MAINTENANCE 79 A When To Charge or Replace Batteries 81 B Internal Battery Charging 81 C External Battery Charging 81 3 CHECK OPENS PERFORMANCE 82 4 CHECK RE...

Page 5: ...uding but not limited to some organizational changes to aid in use of this manual Comments concerning the contents or organization of this document as well as suggestions for improvement are welcomed Direct comments to 3M Telecom Systems Division Lab Technical Communications 6801 River Place Blvd Austin TX 78726 9000 For Technical Service call 800 426 8688 outside the U S A call 512 984 2575 ...

Page 6: ...ith operating instructions for each function Instructions include descriptions of each test hookup instructions and a step by step example of each test function Section Two Special Applications contains instructions for locating multiple resistance faults wet sections performing section analysis compensating for load coils in cable measurement some special opens locating techniques and temperature...

Page 7: ... Gauge A numerical table designating the cross sectional area of wire The larger the AWG number the smaller the wire Balance The amount of current cancellation along tip and ring conductors The subscriber hears non cancelled currents as noise metallic BALANCE dB POWER INFLUENCE minus CIRCUIT NOISE C Message Weighting This filtering makes measurements of noise more like the response of the human ea...

Page 8: ...parameter such as power or voltage often used in measuring loss or gain of power in a device or circuit DLL Dial Long Line a loop treatment device to boost the loop current Dial Pulse The method of telephone dialing by alternately opening and closing pulsing a contact in the telephone dialing the digit 7 produces seven pulses Dial Up The means of establishing a connection through the network over ...

Page 9: ...t in mA required to operate C O equipment and station apparatus at the subscriber premises Loop Treatment REG DLL etc This is C O extension equipment placed on a pair to overcome excessive line loss Loss Decrease in power dB of a transmitted signal Maintenance Test Unit M T U Device at protector that allows tester to isolate trouble to premise wiring Noise Signal producing undesirable sound on tel...

Page 10: ...asured in dBrnC REG Range Extender with Gain loop treatment boosts C O battery voltage and amplifies AC speech signal Ringers The ringer circuit of a subscriber telephone set wired tip wired ring or bridged Measured in tenths of a ringer allows identification of nonstandard equipment Slope The rate of change in attenuation relative to frequency of a transmission line Step Tone A three nine frequen...

Page 11: ...air diagnostic testing and resistance fault locating as well as opens and splits test functions and load coil counting The 945 and 945M Subscriber Loop Testers combine the 955 955M functions except resistance fault locating and splits with an active cable diagnostic routine and its associated tests The 965 and 965M Subscriber Loop Analyzers combine all tests diagnostic routines and fault locating ...

Page 12: ...ample some can read up to 3 Mohms while others can read up to 30 Mohms In comparison the digital 900 900M Series unit can read high resistance faults up to 100 Mohms 1 4 With an analog meter you have to manually move the clips from across the pair to ring to ground and tip to ground to determine if the fault is a short or ground With just one hookup the 900 900M Series test set tests the pair tip ...

Page 13: ...nalog Reading 3 Megohms SHORT High Resistance Comparative Displays of Digital and Analog Readings of a Faulted Pair 900 900M Series Test Set Display Digital Reading 1 5 Other analog meters have converted ohms into points The chart on the next page shows comparative values for ohms and points ...

Page 14: ...nd step by step flowcharts of each test function Notes on Using the Test Set 2 2 DISPLAY Adjust display visibility by pressing up arrow key or down arrow key when the unit is first turned on If your set is equipped with a backlight hold down the star key and press the left arrow key to turn the backlight on and off For a 900 T series test set see its accompanying Terminal Emulation Manual for back...

Page 15: ...then press the star key to activate the function A Charge Battery 3 2 For rechargeable batteries only use this option and follow the displayed instructions to use the internal battery charger The unit determines when the batteries are fully charged and turns itself off automatically Warning Never try to charge a non rechargeable battery Damage to the battery or personal injury from explosion may r...

Page 16: ...ss the Reset key to continue D Battery Type 3 5 To control charging the unit must know what type batteries it contains Select this function then press either the star key for rechargeable nickel cadmium batteries or the pound key for dry cells alkaline batteries 3 6 To replace the batteries refer to Section Four Care and Maintenance in this manual E Identification 3 7 This function displays the un...

Page 17: ...ther Setups 3 10 Use this option to control the sound of the keystroke beeps For the 900 T series test sets use this option to setup the real time clock and view the log which shows information about the last time the set was on the battery charger 3 11 To setup the clock use the arrow key to move the cursor next to the setup clock option and press the star key Use the arrow keys or numeric keypad...

Page 18: ...rrow keys to move cursor use key pad to enter number Disregard this step if the unit is on Dial type menu Turn unit on Unit monitors line End of Test Press for ground start otherwise press Unit dials number On Reset DIAL Use arrow keys to move cursor to dial type option To dial go off hook when instructed on the display Choose touch tone or dial pulse Manual allows you to enter additional access d...

Page 19: ... caller I D End of Test On Reset DIAL Unit monitors line displays caller I D You can press the key to go to number dialing Received data displayed in hexadecimal format The data displayed includes seizure characters hex 55 and to indicate a period of about 10 ms in which no character was received The unit monitors the line for message waiting signal and indicates if the message wait ing light is o...

Page 20: ... placed into service or any pair with suspected problems Attach the leads then turn the unit on Always verify results with appropriate manual tests blue keys before taking corrective action Caution If hazardous voltage warnings are displayed when the test set is switched on or reset or at any time during the testing procedure follow standard procedures for de energizing and discharging cables ...

Page 21: ...available in 945 945M 2 Not available in 955 955M DC LINE TEST EXTENDERS VOLTAGE OHMS GROUND CABLE TYPE CURRENT OPENS DIAL TONE FAULT YES NO STATIC YES NO RINGERS END of TEST Note On some floating tip switches such as 5 ESS ground resistance cannot be measured because the switch operates on a floating ground Available in 900 T Series test sets only NO STORE RESULTS YES EDIT TITLE ...

Page 22: ...inually Note Voltage accuracy can be affected when source impedance exceeds the 900 900M Series Test Set input impedance of 1 11 Megohms The user can compute the true voltage reading considering the 1 11 Megohms input impedance if accuracy is required Caution If hazardous voltage warnings are displayed when the test set is switched on or reset or at any time during the testing procedure follow sta...

Page 23: ...igurations by pressing the and keys Disregard this step if the unit is on Show ring ground VDC results Show ring ground VAC results Turn unit on Run test show tip ring VDC results End of Test Show tip ground VDC results Show tip ground VAC results Show tip ring VAC results Show ring ground VDC results Press any test key to get out of the test program OR OR ...

Page 24: ...unction also tests ground resistance to check integrity of the ground connection at the station protector Press the CURRENT key and the unit applies a 430 ohm short across the pair to simulate an off hook condition The unit displays loop current in milliamps and updates the reading about two times per second Caution If hazardous voltage warnings are displayed when the test set is switched on or re...

Page 25: ... 965M units only you can press the pound key to switch the display from loop current to station ground resistance and back Disregard this step if the unit is on Note On some floating tip switches such as 5 ESS ground resistance cannot be measured because the switch operates on a floating ground 1 To measure RING TO GROUND current move the black lead and connect it to ground The unit automatically ...

Page 26: ...r C O battery level or dirty test clips keep them clean A rising or falling tone indicates large resistance fluctuations Use the OHMS key to test the good and faulty conductors before using the RESISTANCE FAULT LOCATE key Use the OHMS key with the OHMS TO DISTANCE key to estimate the distance to a solid short or ground Caution If hazardous voltage warnings are displayed when the test set is switch...

Page 27: ...o ground resistance You can press the ohms to distance key to convert the resistance measurement to distance or press any other test key to exit this test program Disregard this step if the unit is on End of Test Measure show tip to ring resistance On Reset Ohms The letters CO on the display indicate battery on the line while loop resistances is being measured or or ...

Page 28: ...tion You can also use the keypad to enter the value to be converted Remember this function is a calculator it does not replace the resistance fault locate measurements Caution If hazardous voltage warnings are displayed when the test set is switched on or reset or at any time during the testing procedure follow standard procedures for de energizing and discharging cables Temperature is an importan...

Page 29: ...nter amount to be converted Select wire gauge Use arrow keys to move cursor to wire gauge size Select temperature Use arrow keys to move cursor use keypad to enter temperature Select ohms to distance distance to ohms or temperature Use arrow keys to move cursor to ohms to distance option To enter a temperature less than zero type the number then press the OHMS TO DISTANCE key next instead of the s...

Page 30: ...ter retrieval in the terminal mode for more information see the Terminal Emulation manual for your unit A detailed setups chart and examples follow the RFL flowchart There are four major set ups a Unit measures DTS distance to strap b DTS known c Fault locate multiple gauge d Splice locate multiple gauge In RFL mode the display XX NULL indicates an automatic null operation required in the measurem...

Page 31: ...nce to strap DTF Distance to fault STF Distance strap to fault On Reset This is the last used setup start here if coming from RFL setups on page 22 If the unit tells you to move closer to the fault move the unit and straps nearer the fault and retest look for similar faults on other pairs Check good conductor resistance use only if good conductor readings are 500 times greater than on fault pair e...

Page 32: ...1 CHANGE SETUPS TURN SET ON PRESS RES FLT LOCATE KEY SETUPS DISPLAY USE SETUPS MEASURE DTS OHMS USE DEFAULT FEET SINGLE GAUGE CHECK SECTIONS MULTIPLE GAUGE CONTINUE SELECT HOOKUP CHECK SECTIONS GAUGE LENGTH RTS Resistance to Strap ENTER RTS Note Contact your 3M Technical Service Representative at the number shown in the front of this manual for a copy of Field Note 2 with detailed instructions on ...

Page 33: ...1 Good 1 Good 2 Common end to faulted ring Strap End 2 to Good 2 Strap End 1 to Good 1 Straps at Far End Separate Good Pair for ground or battery cross Black to reference in this case to ground Red to faulted ring Yellow to Good 2 Green to Good 1 Common end to faulted ring Strap End 2 to Good 2 Strap End 1 to Good 1 Straps at Far End Good Pair Good 1 Good 2 Examples of Possible RFL Hookups Single ...

Page 34: ...ered Disregard this step if the unit is on For this example use 19 AWG or 912 mm The numbers displayed may vary due to variations in the resistors in the Cable Self Test Circuit See page 85 for limits End of Test Hookup instructions Fault resistance strap checks In the field use the arrow keys to view all the hookup instruc tions DTF 1210 ft 369 m STF 11120 ft 3319 m DTS 12100 ft 3688 m DTS result...

Page 35: ...e arrow keys to line up with 19 AWG or 912 mm DTS known Select gauge Disregard this step if the unit is on Always check the setups Press the star key to use the stored setups if they are correct continued on next page For this example use 19 AWG or 912 mm The display summarizes the setups just entered Press the star key to use them as displayed Res Fault Locate Turn unit on Stored setups Change se...

Page 36: ...can press the pound key to repeat the test Display computed temperature Additional message if any End of Test Continue hookup as instructed You can press the pound key to repeat the temperature calculation Continue hookup as instructed continued from previous page DTF 1210 ft 369 m STF 11120 ft 3319 m DTS 12100 ft 3688 m The numbers displayed may vary due to variations in the resistors in the Cabl...

Page 37: ...t on Stored setups Change setups Temperature Use arrow keys to move cursor to multiple gauge Press the star key to use the stored setups if they are correct continued on next page Gauge selection Number of sections in cable Use keypad to enter number of sections 3 For this example use three sections On Reset Display distance in units of feet or meters For this example press the star key to use the...

Page 38: ...p for the first section Strap Test Set 205 ft or 63 m 26 AWG or 4 mm Pick section 1 gauge Use arrow keys to line up with 26 AWG or 4mm continued on next page For this example use 26 AWG or 4 mm Use keypad to enter section length 205 ft or 63 m Section 1 length continued from previous page ...

Page 39: ...ion 1179 ft or 359 m 24 AWG or 5 mm Strap Test Set 205 ft or 63 m 26 AWG or 4 mm Use arrow keys to line up with 24 AWG or 5 mm Length of section 2 For this example use 24 AWG or 5 mm Use keypad to enter length of section 1179 ft or 359 m Pick section 2 gauge continued on next page continued from previous page ...

Page 40: ...unknown 1179 ft or 359 m 24 AWG or 5 mm 205 ft or 63 m 26 AWG or 4 mm Pick section 3 gauge Use arrow keys to line up with 22 AWG or 7 mm Length of section 3 unknown On multiple gauge fault locate one section must be entered as unknown even if you know it continued on next page continued from previous page For this example use 22 AWG or 7 mm ...

Page 41: ...t straps hookup instruction Stored setups continue with test Continue test Select hookup separate good pair End of Test In the field use the arrow keys here to view the rest of the instructions and continue making the hookup The stored setups display should say multiple gauge In this example the display shows that the fault is in section 2 continued from previous page Additional message if any The...

Page 42: ...21 C 2 sections House Protector Strap Turn unit on Stored setups Change setups DTS known Display units in feet or meters Gauge select menu Use arrow keys to select multiple gauge Number of sections in cable Use keypad to enter number of sections 2 For splice locate you must use only two sections continued on next page Res Fault Locate On Reset OR OR ...

Page 43: ...Gauge 2 Set up for the first section unknown Test Set House Protector 24 AWG or 511 mm Strap Pick section 1 gauge Use arrow keys to line up with 24 AWG or 511 mm Section 1 length unknown continued on next page continued from previous page For this example use 24 AWG or 511 mm ...

Page 44: ...ext section 26 AWG or 4 mm unknown unknown Test Set House Protector 24 AWG or 511 mm Strap Continue test Length of section 2 unknown Use arrow keys to line up with 26 AWG or 4 mm Pick section 2 gauge wire size For this example use 26 AWG or 4 mm continued from previous page continued on next page ...

Page 45: ...ector 24 AWG or 511 mm Strap Stored setups splice locate Cable temperature Enter DTS distance to straps Select hookup separate good pair Use arrow keys to move cursor use keypad to enter DTS 2500 ft or 762 m Use the arrow keys to see the rest of the setups Use the default 21 C or 70 F for this example continued from previous page continued on next page ...

Page 46: ...Calculated Splice Sec 1 330 ft 114 m Sec 2 2121 ft 648 m DTS 2500 ft 762 m DTF 360 ft 115 m STF 2140 ft 647 m DTS 2500 ft 762 m Sec 2 Do Fault Locate End of Test In this example the display shows that the fault is in section 2 continued from previous page In the field you would use the arrow keys here to view the rest of the instructions and continue making the hookup as instructed The numbers dis...

Page 47: ... the good conductor being the same length gauge and preferably in the same pair or cable group For example if the good conductor is shorter than the faulted conductor or is a larger wire diameter than the faulted conductor the test set will give erroneous fault location results In a case like this if the actual fault was near the strap end the test set could show a fault location beyond the strap ...

Page 48: ... pair identification The unit can send tone for two hours before automatic shut off With the TONE key you can apply precision tone to the cable for loss measurements With the 965 965M you can also apply tone of any user entered frequency and amplitude for loss or gain slope measurements For the specific tone output of your test set see Section Three Specifications Caution If hazardous voltage warn...

Page 49: ...plete loops and loops less than 500 ohms Soft tone indicates loops of greater than 500 ohms If you choose an ID tone you can choose to send interrupted tone by pressing the star key or continuous tone by pressing the pound key Interrupted mode makes tone more distinctive for use with an amplifier while identifying pairs on a cable Unit sends continuous tone at selected frequency Unit sends tone te...

Page 50: ...e The test set has two Opens functions normal and special Use the special mode on cables shorter than 10 000 feet for opens with resistance faults crossed battery or high noise The special mode does not read through load coils Add 10 to the measured mutual length for the distance to the first load coil Caution If hazardous voltage warnings are displayed when the test set is switched on or reset or...

Page 51: ... cable profiles or calibrate to cable Use the AUTO CAL key to set up CUSTOM CABLE see Sec 1 For this example select aircore cable OR OR Note An overrange message on the display means the pair is longer than the unit can measure or the resistance fault is too heavy Try the special mode to locate the open or use the OHMS key to verify 1 Early software versions of the 900 900M Series test sets are no...

Page 52: ... capacitance Connect red black clips to pair of known length green to shield Calibration results for tip ring and mutual Length measurement results Disregard this step if the unit is on For this example select calibrate to cable Use arrow keys to move cursor End of Test The results are now stored under the Use Calibration option in the cable type menu Press the star key to switch the display betwe...

Page 53: ...0 m 1 Early software versions of the 900 900M Series test sets are not equipped to count load coils To determine if your set is equipped to do load coil counts press the OPENS key If the set is so equipped the menu includes a load coil count option Note In order to successfully locate an OPEN partial OPEN or dirty OPEN the test set operator must have a good knowledge of the cable plant splice poin...

Page 54: ...fferent location excessive crosstalk may result To correct the original split and the correcting split use the far end to split measurement to get the distance between the splits Then get between the two splits disconnect the wires and measure to the splits using the simple splits hook up to remeasure one split in each direction Note Splits can only occur at splice points It is recommended to test...

Page 55: ...e arrow keys to scroll display to line up with Split Locate selection Distance to split results farend to split results Check capacitive balance or bypass Hookup 1 instructions for balance check Balance check results Section length Move clips as instructed for Hookup 2 End of Test See examples on the next page for Hookup 1 and 2 If capacitance balance is poor press the star key to determine which ...

Page 56: ...lits Hookups Capacitive Balance Check Pair 3 Hookup 1 GREEN to PAIR 1 shorted to PAIR 3 BLACK to SPLIT 2 RED to GOOD 2 Pair 1 Pair 2 B R G Hookup 2 RED to GOOD 1 BLACK to SPLIT 1 GREEN to PAIR 2 shorted to PAIR 3 Pair 3 Pair 1 Pair 2 R B G ...

Page 57: ...Operation Section 1 Page 47 Split Locate Hookup Hookup RED to GOOD 1 BLACK to SPLIT 1 GREEN to SPLIT 2 YELLOW to GOOD 2 shorted to PAIR 3 Pair 3 Pair 1 Pair 2 R B G Y ...

Page 58: ...ective action To be sure you can dial to the farend test lines learn about the unit s LOSS and NOISE functions found in this section of the manual before running AC LINE TEST Attach the leads as shown then turn the unit on At the end of the test 900 T series units have the option of storing the results for later retrieval in the terminal mode for more information see the Terminal Emulation manual ...

Page 59: ...GROUND See 3M 1020B Operators Manual for instructions AC LINE TEST VOLTAGE CURRENT LOSS NOISE PWR INFLUENCE BALANCE DIAGNOSIS END OF TEST 3M 1020 MILLIWATT STEP TONE LOSS LOSS NOISE COMMAND SLOPE DIAGNOSIS On some floating tip switches such as 5 ESS ground resistance cannot be measured as the switch operates on a floating ground Available in 900 T Series test sets only NO STORE RESULTS YES EDIT TI...

Page 60: ...a pair connect at the subscriber protector remove cable plant and press the RINGERS key The 900 900M Series test set shows ringer wire configuration as bridged wired tip or wired ring Exceptions to these wiring configurations are numerous and we do not attempt to list them Note Resistance faults as well as capacitive imbalance can cause false readings such as RESISTANCE TOO LOW or INVALID RINGERS ...

Page 61: ...d this step if the unit is on End of Test PLEASE WAIT until the results appear Results ringer count and wiring configuration Use arrow keys to move cursor to line up with Ringer selection Ringer Ringers MTU Test You can select MTU Test to check for the presence of a maintenance test unit at the subscriber premises OR OR ...

Page 62: ...Line DLL adapters in long subscriber loops The unit displays two way loop resistance it also indicates internal resistance of C O wiring coils and battery as C O resistance measurements Caution If hazardous voltage warnings are displayed when the test set is switched on or reset or at any time during the testing procedure follow standard procedures for de energizing and discharging cables ...

Page 63: ...ance and CO resistance The C O Switch type identifies the tip to ground on hook resistance if there are unusual line cards select unknown C O type then enter the tip to ground on hook resistance You can measure the resistance in the C O directly on the frame by using the OHMS key Note On some floating tip switches such as 5 ESS ground resistance cannot be measured as the switch operates on a float...

Page 64: ...mber dials to a combination line 10 seconds of milliwatt tone followed by quiet line you can press the NOISE key after the loss measurement to perform a noise test and power influence calculation on this line The 900 900M Series test set can also measure loss from a tone source on a vacant pair Caution If hazardous voltage warnings are displayed when the test set is switched on or reset or at any ...

Page 65: ...ement to perform a noise test and power influence calculation on this line The unit measures voltage on the line If the display shows VOLTAGE LOW as on a vacant pair you can press the star key to measure loss from a tone source connected at the far end Turn unit on Dial types selection Use arrow keys to move cursor Use keypad to type in new number if needed Move to select type Telephone number to ...

Page 66: ...s can also measure noise power influence and calculate balance on a vacant pair The far end should be terminated with a 600 ohm balance termination for this process Note If your test set is equipped with an optional backlight you must turn it off for the noise test The activated backlight affects the line noise test results Caution If hazardous voltage warnings are displayed when the test set is s...

Page 67: ...e in new number if needed Move to select type Telephone number to select or edit Listen for dial tone Select to dial or measure You can press the pound key to bypass the dial routine Select ground start or continue Dial Metallic noise measurement results Unit measures and displays power influence End of Test Unit calculates and displays line balance For access code dial the number manually Select ...

Page 68: ... measures longitudinal balance and displays the results The results are continuously updated on the screen On Reset Disregard this step if the unit is on Turn unit on Select to dial or measure You can press the star key to use the dial function Unit measures displays longitudinal balance End of Test Select to measure noise or longitudinal balance Noise You can press the pound key to measure longit...

Page 69: ...o the average of the fault locations For example if a 3000 ft 914 m cable has one 10k ohm fault at 1000 ft 304 m and a 100k ohm fault at 2000 ft 610 m the unit should show a 9 09k ohms fault at about 1091 ft 333 m the average or just past the major fault Unit averages the distances to the faults and shows the distance to fault to be here 10k ohms 100k ohms ...

Page 70: ...damaged by water a Measure the length of the cable DTS with the RFL function b Measure the tip or ring length of the cable again using the OPENS function c The equivalent length of water in the cable is the OPENS measured length minus DTS measured length divided by two Example DTS reading 680 ft 207 m OPENS reading 1130 ft 344 m length of wet cable 1130 680 225 ft 68 5 m 2 DTS 680ft 207 m OPENS 11...

Page 71: ... chart below Pattern of Symptoms Look for Several light faults with mostly ring battery crosses with tips clear Water in the cable at some location other than a splice or encapsulation Several high resistance troubles with shorts cross es and grounds on both tip and ring with some tips open Water in a splice case or encapsulation Both solid and light troubles with some conductors shorted and some ...

Page 72: ...the coil itself The total error from each load coil on the pair varies from 91 feet 27 meters to more than 480 feet depending on the conductor gauge and the coil The table below lists the amount to subtract from your measurement for each load coil based on a five foot stub at the default temperature 70 F or 21 1 C Electrical Length Feet meters of Coil and Stub Code 19 AWG 22 AWG 24 AWG 26 AWG Ohms...

Page 73: ...Disregard this step if the unit is on End of Test The load coil count takes 1 5 minutes to complete When the unit displays the results you can press the star key to repeat the test OR OR 1 Early software versions of the 900 Series 900M Series test sets are not equipped to count load coils To determine if your set is equipped to do load coil counts press the OPENS key If the set is so equipped the ...

Page 74: ...asure from near end Press the ON RESET key then the OPENS key and select NORMAL MODE Press the pound key and select AIRCORE CABLE Record the RING measurement as A Step 4 Measure from far end Repeat Step 3 from the far end Record the RING measurement as B Step 5 Calculate If C A B and D section length use this formula to calculate distance to open from end A or B d A or B D C Example If A 240ft B 1...

Page 75: ...p 3 Measure from near end Press the ON RESET key then the OPENS key and select SPECIAL MODE Press the pound key and select AIRCORE CABLE Record the RING measurement as A Step 4 Measure from far end Repeat Step 3 from the far end Record the RING measurement as B Step 5 Calculate If C A B and D section length use this formula to calculate distance to open from end A or B d A or B D C Example If A 73...

Page 76: ...ert Press 7 Select gauge to convert using keys Press 8 Press 9 Press 10 Select SET TEMPERATURE using keys Press 11 Enter conversion temperature Press 12 Select OHMS TO DISTANCE using keys Press 13 Display shows converted temperature and footage Example 500 feet of 24 gauge at 50 to convert to 95 Complete steps 1 2 and 3 For step 4 enter temperature as 50 and press Complete step 5 For step 6 enter ...

Page 77: ...ery Opens1 special mode 0 to 999 ft 1 ft 1 1 kft to 10 kft 100 ft 10 kft 1 10 0 to 30000 m 3 m 500 m 6m 1 500 m Tolerance to Leakage Special Mode 1200 ohms to ground 18 kohms to battery Note 1 Perform a self calibration before taking the readings B Resistance Fault Locate Note Accuracy is dependent on power influence noise the resistance fault specifications are for low noise situations Function R...

Page 78: ...ctly dependent on whether the reference pair is exactly the same electrical length as the faulted pair Accuracies are doubled for single pair hook up 3 Accuracy depends on correct temperature setting as well as gauge accuracy of copper The temperature can be read by the built in sensor or can be operator entered 2 1 5 1 5 0 Accuracy in ohms for Various Fault Resistances Maximum Error in ohms Resis...

Page 79: ...g Altitude 0 to 15 000 ft 0 to 40 000 ft 0 to 5000 m 0 to 12000 m Shock Can withstand a drop onto a wood surface from a distance of four ft 1 25 m E Dimensions Height 7 0 in 18 cm Width 10 5 in 27 cm Depth 7 5 in 19 cm Weight 7 5 lbs 3 4 kg Cord length 5 ft 1 5 m F Battery Power The operating time between battery change out or charges depends on temperature of set and operation modes used For non ...

Page 80: ...0 ft 1 10 0 to 30000 m 3 m 500 m 1 5 m 1 500 m Tolerance to Leakage Normal Mode 15 kohm to ground 190 kohm to battery Opens1 special mode 0 to 999 ft 1 ft 1 1 kft to 10 kft 100 ft 10 kft 1 10 0 to 30000 m 3 m 500 m 6m 1 500 m Tolerance to Leakage Special Mode 1200 ohms to ground 18 kohms to battery Frequency Measurement 20 to 20 000 Hz 1 Hz 2 Hz during Loss single frequency only Ground Resistance ...

Page 81: ...ge Temperature 0 to 140 F 40 to 165 F 18 to 60 C 40 to 74 C Humidity 0 to 100 0 to 100 condensing condensing Altitude 0 to 15 000 ft 0 to 40 000 ft 0 to 5000 m 0 to 12000 m Shock Can withstand a drop onto a wood surface from a distance of four feet 1 25 m D Dimensions Height 7 0 in 18 cm Width 10 5 in 27 cm Depth 7 5 in 19 cm Weight 7 5 lbs 3 4 kg Cord length 5 ft 1 5 m E Battery Power The operati...

Page 82: ...dB 0 to 10 dBrnC 0 3 dB 2 0 dB Zin 600 ohms Noise to Ground 40 to 100 dBrnC 0 1 dB 0 5 dB Zin 600 ohms Longitudinal Balance with Tone Option3 62 to 51 dB 0 1 dB 2 0 dB 51 to 40 dB 0 1 dB 1 0 dB Opens1 normal mode 0 to 9 99 kft 10 ft 10 kft 1 10k ft to 100k ft 100 ft 1 10 0 to 30000 m 3 m 500 m 1 5 m 1 500 m Tolerance to Leakage Normal Mode 15 kohm to ground 190kohm to battery Opens1 special mode 0...

Page 83: ...olerance for power influence less than approximately 80 dBrnc When power influence is above 80 dBrnc the test set reverts to a hybrid of the IEEE method and the method of calculating longitudinal balance by taking the difference between power influence and noise metallic 4 The splits function does not have accuracy tolerances B Resistance Fault Locate Note Accuracy is dependent on power influence ...

Page 84: ...ulted pair Accuracies are doubled for single pair hookup 3 Accuracy depends on correct temperature setting as well as gauge accuracy of copper The temperature can be read by the built in sensor or can be operator entered 2 1 5 1 5 0 Accuracy in ohms for Various Fault Resistances Maximum Error in ohms Resistance to Strap in ohms 2 10 20 40 4 20 Mohms 10 Mohms 1 Mohm 30 Mohms 100 400 1000 200 1 0 5 ...

Page 85: ... 10 dBm 1 dB Dial Pulse 10 pulses 60 msec break per sec 40 msec make R T 600 msec between digits D Environment Operation Storage Temperature 0 to 140 F 40 to 165 F 18 to 60 C 40 to 74 C Humidity 0 to 100 0 to 100 condensing condensing Altitude 0 to 15 000 ft 0 to 40 000 ft 0 to 5000 m 0 to 12000 m Shock Can withstand a drop onto a wood surface from a distance of four ft 1 25 m E Dimensions Height ...

Page 86: ...SECTION 4 Page 77 Page 77 Care Maintenance 1 TEST LEAD AND BATTERY INSTALLATION INSTRUCTIONS Step 1 Insert the test lead plug into the top four holes 900 900M Series Test Set 900 T Series Test Set ...

Page 87: ...oosening the six screws with a flat blade screwdriver Step 4 Install batteries matching the polarity markings and on the batteries with those in the bottom of the battery box Note Some models are equipped with battery sticks to prevent data interruption in the units Do not separate the batteries 900 T Series Test Set 900 900M Series Test Set ...

Page 88: ...the display to connect the leads to an external 12 volt source such as a Dynatel Model 1658 or 1678 battery charger kit Turn the unit on Press the AUTO CAL key Use the arrow keys to select the CHARGE BATTERY function and press the star key Press the pound key to select the overcharge function and press the star key to activate the charging process The unit turns off automatically when charging is ...

Page 89: ...T PLEASE 5 C CELLS 26 1006 2163 5 6 VOLTS 5 9 5 75 VOLTS 5 75 VOLTS YES 2 WEEKS 1 DAY 2 2 When the unit displays BATTERIES NEED CHARGE you cannot use the unit without recharging or replacing the batteries Press the star key as prompted to put the unit in charge mode Caution Promptly remove discharged alkaline batteries from the unit they can leak and damage the contacts Damage of this kind voids y...

Page 90: ...n option Answer the questions correctly to make the display indicate full charge B Internal Battery Charging 2 6 To use the internal battery charger follow the instructions on the display to attach the leads to a 12 volt source e g a Dynatel 1678 Battery Charger Kit for one unit or 1658 for up to three units Turn the unit on and press the AUTO CAL key Press the star key to select CHARGE BATTERY th...

Page 91: ...uit so the limits in the table below are wider than in the Specification section Opens Self Test Limits in feet meters Capaci tance Air Core Jelly Filled 2 Pair 5 Pair Drop Drop MAX MIN MIN MIN MIN MAX MAX MAX Normal Tip or Ring Normal Mutual Special Tip or Ring Special Mutual Cable Type 9 35 nF 01065 uF 9 35 nF 8 75 nF 01125 uF 395 120 450 137 595 181 680 207 370 113 475 145 560 171 715 218 425 1...

Page 92: ...ote The test set circuits are more accurate than the Cable Self Test Circuit therefore the limits in the tables following the example flowchart are wider than in the Specification section 4 2 Connect the test leads to the circuit terminals red to R black to B yellow to Y and green to G Press the RES FAULT LOCATE key Use the separate good pair hookup and procedure in the following example Compare t...

Page 93: ...ontinued on next page Setups summary The display summarizes the setups you just entered Press to use them The display may tell you to wait while the unit runs tests When you complete the hookup press to begin the measurements Test set straps hookup instruction Fault resistance strap checks Display distance in units of feet or meters Press the star key to use the temperature default 21 1 C or 70 F ...

Page 94: ...100 ft 3680 m Min Max Fault Resistance 995k 1M Strap Checks RED to GREEN 193 207 RED to YELLOW 94 104 Self Test Fault Magnitude Straps Check Table AWG Min Max Min Max Min Max 19 11910 12290 1170 1230 10730 11070 22 5986 6171 592 613 5393 5559 24 3755 3871 371 385 3383 3488 25 2970 3063 293 305 2676 2759 26 2347 2420 232 240 2114 2180 28 1479 1526 146 152 1332 1375 Ohms 99 3 102 5 9 8 10 2 89 5 92 ...

Page 95: ...Care Maintenance Section 4 Page 86 Metric RFL Self Test 21 1 C DTS DTF STF wire size min max min max min max 912 3630 m 3746 m 356 m 375 m 3274 m 3371 m ...

Page 96: ...eavy Good Service Fault Affected 3 Out of Service Insulation Resistance 3 3 MOhms 2 8 kOhms 2800 Ohms 3 3 MOhms 1 These are negative values 2 18 to 20 mA acceptable for emergency service only 3 Lines having good insulation but equipped with ringer isolators or selective ringing devices will test as having light faults on tip and ring NOTE means more than means more than or equal to means less than...

Page 97: ...e same install a VF repeater to decrease the loss Noise and Power influence work together If noise is high and power influence is low the problem most likely is a defective pair If power influence is high the problem is an open shield or missing ground For touch dialing problems dial up a step tone generator and make a frequency run to check for loaded bridge tap If in doubt measure additional pai...

Page 98: ...was not related to noise the low balance may not be a problem Noise caused by balance is a common cause of multiple service calls The noise and power influence levels are more likely to be acceptable at the time of the service call than when the subscriberisathomeandusingthephoneduringmorningand evening peak power periods An unacceptable balance reading is the only clue in this situation ...

Page 99: ...Telecom Systems Division 6801 River Place Blvd Austin Texas 78726 9000 This literature was printed in the U 3M 1 ...

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