10
•
Move the measuring arm to find a maximum for
the reflex. If necessary, keep adjusting until the
measured and quoted values do lie within the
30' tolerance.
9. Operating instructions for accessories
9.1 Inserting the collimators (from U19205)
The collimators serve to reduce the divergence of the
beam.
•
Simply plug one of the collimators directly onto
the brass collimator of the leaded glass dome.
9.2 Inserting apertures and other experimental
items in photographic slide format onto the
measuring arm.
•
Simply slot the slide into the required slot and
clamp it using the spring clip.
9.3 Ionisation chamber (U19208)
•
Assemble the ionisation chamber as in Fig. 6.
To demonstrate the ionising effect of X-rays at nor-
mal pressures, use the chamber cover with the wide
opening. For low pressure (principle of the Geiger-
Müller tube), use the lid with the vacuum pump
connection.
•
Thread the voltage leads and, if necessary, the
pump hose through the openings from the ex-
periment chamber. Experiment leads should be
equipped with the supplied plugs.
•
Slot the ionisation chamber onto the measuring
arm (see Fig. 2).
9.4 Geiger-Müller tube (U19201)
•
Slot the tube holder onto the slide holder of the
measuring arm and secure it with the spring
clips. (see Fig. 3)
9.5 Revolver for scattering films (from U19205)
The scattering film revolver is a revolving holder for
8 different metal films that can be rotated into the
beam one after the other using a remote trigger. The
symbols for the elements are shown in a window on
the reverse of the revolver.
•
Remove the clamp for the sample holder (see
Fig. 9).
•
Position the revolver on the sample holder with
the hemispherical recess facing downwards.
•
Screw the remote triggering device onto the
scattering film revolver and check that it is work-
ing properly.
•
Thread the remote trigger through to the outside
under the cover.
9.6 Debye-Scherrer camera (from U19205) with
motor drive (U19202)
The Debye-Scherrer camera is made up of three
parts: housing, cover and a clamp with bevel gear
(see Fig. 7). The motor drive can be used, for exam-
ple, to take rotating crystal images.
•
Remove the clamp from the sample holder and
set the measuring arm to an angle 2
θ
= 90° and
the sample holder to
θ
= 90°. Make sure that the
smooth side of the sample holder is pointing to-
wards the tube.
•
Fix a 1-mm collimator to the brass collimator on
the leaded glass dome.
•
Try out the positioning of the Debye-Scherrer
camera housing between the leaded glass dome
and the sample holder (see Fig. 7). If there is no
room for play in the camera, it can be adjusted
using the screw in the bottom of the camera.
•
Load the camera with a film from Filmpack 4
(U19210) inside a dark room. Make sure the film
is firmly placed inside the inner cylinder.
•
For rotating crystal images, a film from Filmpack
2 (U19209) should also be placed on the bottom
of the camera.
•
Position the sample in the padding around the
hole of the clamp, close the lid of the camera
and slot the clamp with the clamped sample into
the camera itself.
•
Place the camera on the sample holder.
•
If required, also set up the motor drive (U19202)
as in Fig. 8. Plug its connectors into the 4-mm
socket. Make sure the bevel gear is able to turn
freely. Using the supplied Allen key, the inclina-
tion of the motor's bevel gear can be adjusted.
9.7 X-ray films (U19209/U19210)
9.7.1 Development
•
Before sucking developer fluid into the syringe,
raise the plunger by 1 ml so that there will be
some air above the fluid. This ensures that all the
fluid from the syringe and the cannula enters the
film wrapper when injected.
•
Insert the cannula into one of the openings next
to the printing on the film wrapper and inject
the developer into the wrapper.
Make sure that both sides of the film are coated with
developer and that the developer is well distributed
within the wrapper throughout the development
process.
•
You can achieve this by applying slight pressure
to the wrapper with your thumb and forefinger.
•
Once the development time has elapsed, you can
inject fixer into the wrapper without removing
the developer first.
