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YSI, Incorporated

Model 52

28

SECTION 9

DISCUSSION OF MEASUREMENT
ERRORS

The major sources of error in DO measurement are the accuracy of the instrument
components,  the accuracy of the probe, and the user’s ability to calibrate the system
precisely. Most errors can be reduced substantially by calibrating at DO levels and probe
temperatures as close as possible to the expected measurement of DO levels and
temperatures.

In the following, individual sources of error and their ranges are listed. By calculating the
root-mean-squared sum of these individual uncertainties (usually less than half the
possible error), the user can estimate the probable error in any reading.

Note that not all types of errors discussed are necessarily present in a given situation. If
salinity compensation is not used, for example, no salinity compensation error need be
considered. If calibration is to a Winkler Titration sample, calibration errors are replaced
by the Winkler uncertainty.

9.1

TYPE 1 ERRORS – INSTRUMENT COMPONENTS

1. 

 Instrument accuracy: ±0.1% plus 1 least significant digit.

9.2

TYPE 2 ERRORS – PROBE ACCURACY

1.

 Probe background current error:  background factor  x  (1 - a/b)c

Where a is the calibration value, b is the solubility of oxygen in fresh water at 760
mm Hg and at measurement temperature, and c is the measured DO value.

a, b and c are all measured in mg/L or all are measured in % air saturation.

Use the following table to determine the background factor:

probe temp. in °C              background factor (%)

        

  0             

2.3

10             

1.5

20             

1.0

30             

0.8

40             

0.6

Содержание Model 52

Страница 1: ...YSI Model 52 Dissolved Oxygen Meter Operations Manual ...

Страница 2: ......

Страница 3: ...ring Oxygen in Fluids Other Than Water 13 5 4 Recording to Internal Memory 14 5 5 Reviewing Recorded Data 15 5 6 Printing Data from Memory 16 5 7 Sending Recorded Data to a Personal Computer 16 5 8 Erasing the Model 52 Memory 17 SECTION 6 SYSTEM SETUP 19 6 1 Setting the Time and Date 19 6 2 Setting Up Autostable 19 6 3 Setting Communication Parameters 21 6 4 Last Digit Suppression 22 6 5 Contrast ...

Страница 4: ...ii 9 4 Error Calculation Example 30 SECTION 10 WARRANTY AND REPAIR 32 APPENDIX A GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS 39 APPENDIX B REQUIRED NOTICE 41 APPENDIX C OXYGEN SOLUBILITY 45 APPENDIX D CALIBRATION TABLES 43 ...

Страница 5: ...capable of storing up to 70 DO and temperature readings Any data stored in internal memory can be reviewed on the LCD or batch uploaded to a PC or an RS232 printer Power can be provided by an AC adapter optional or batteries that permit field use 1 1 PRINCIPLES OF OPERATION YSI dissolved oxygen probes use membrane covered Clark type polarographic sensors with built in thermistors for temperature m...

Страница 6: ...ect among several default values 1 3 FUNCTION SWITCH The rotary function switch allows easy selection among the meter s basic functions In O2 TEMP the instrument is measuring dissolved oxygen and temperature To begin calibrating switch to CALIBRATE To begin setting the clock communication and auto stable parameters switch to SYSTEM SETUP EXTERNAL CONTROL activates the RS232 port Salinity can be se...

Страница 7: ...strument detects an error it will display an error message These messages with appropriate corrective actions are listed in the Maintenance and Troubleshooting section of this manual see section X B If you have a problem you cannot resolve call YSI Technical Support 937 767 7241 or 800 765 9974 Low Batt Stirring Since the oxygen level in the layer of liquid at the membrane surface is continuously ...

Страница 8: ...Preparing the Meter Section 2 YSI Incorporated Model 52 4 ...

Страница 9: ...ot necessarily yield correct percent readings the percent readings are disabled after calibrations in mg L Calibrations in percent are correct for both percent and mg L readings 3 2 DETERMINING CALIBRATION VALUE Typically local barometric pressure is not equal to standard pressure Therefore unless you are calibrating with a known sample determined by a Winkler titration you should determine the pr...

Страница 10: ...oistened sponge or calibrated with the 5075A Calibration Chamber see probe instructions Appendix A 2 Switch to CALIBRATE The display will read Select percent calibration by pressing CONFIRM A display similar to the one below will be shown 3 Using and adjust the number to the calibration value determined from the altitude or pressure chart on the back of the Model 52 SKIP sets the value to 100 0 an...

Страница 11: ...sample and provide adequate stirring at least 1 foot per second Switch to O2 TEMP and observe temperature and oxygen readings for stability It may take 5 minutes for the temperature to come to equilibrium If you have just turned the instrument on allow 15 minutes for the system to equilibrate 3 Switch to CALIBRATE select percent calibration then adjust the number in the display to the correct valu...

Страница 12: ...hird time brings it back to the last calibration value 5 When the correct value is set press CONFIRM The display will show the legend Please wait for a few seconds and then display Calibrated to To take dissolved oxygen readings in mg L switch to O2 TEMP Note Since there is no way to determine percent air saturation after a calibration in mg L the reading will be disabled 3 6 ZERO CALIBRATION In r...

Страница 13: ...alt chloride CoCl2 These chemicals will remove all oxygen from the sample See Standard Methods for the Examination of Water Wastewater 17th edition 1989 page 4 161 Alternatively you may place the probe in 100 nitrogen gas Place the probe in the zero oxygen sample switch to O2 TEMP and allow at least 20 minutes for the probe to come to equilibrium Switch to CALIBRATE The display will show Press CON...

Страница 14: ... 7 RESETTING THE DEFAULT ZERO CALIBRATION To reset the zero calibration to its default value turn the instrument off and then hold down SKIP and while turning the instrument back on again The display below will show briefly then the POST operation and display will resume This procedure resets the meter to its original state You must reset the time date salinity and the RS232 parameters after resto...

Страница 15: ...h water measurements The following display will be shown Pressing SKIP once more will bring the setting to its original value Once you have set the salinity correctly press CONFIRM The instrument will ask you to wait then show you the new salinity setting If you have calibrated using the air saturation method there is no need to recalibrate after changing the salinity setting If you have calibrate...

Страница 16: ...l 52 Note If you are calibrating in mg L the salinity must be set before calibration If you are calibrating by a Winkler titration the salinity of the calibration sample must be the same as that of the samples you intend to measure It is not necessary to know the salinity value only that it is the same in both the calibration and measured samples You must not change the salinity setting after cali...

Страница 17: ...EN IN FLUIDS OTHER THAN WATER The Model 52 is normally used for measuring the oxygen content of naturally occurring waters and of wastewaters The air saturation mode also permits oxygen measurement in some non water fluids including air most gases foods and some non aqueous liquids Fluids which are suitable for measurement are those which do not attack the sensor materials and are of sufficiently ...

Страница 18: ...NAL MEMORY The Model 52 has several functions available while the function switch is set to O2 Temp Use the arrow keys to see the following menu options N o r m a l O p e r a t i o n R e c o r d i n g M o d e R e v i e w D e l e t e P r i n t D a t a E r a s e M e m o r y ...

Страница 19: ...view data which has been previously stored in memory set the function switch to O2 TEMP and press the key repeatedly until a display similar to the following appears Press CONFIRM All of the information DO Temp Date Time and ID from a single data point will scroll across the top of the LCD display Use the arrow keys to review earlier or later data points Caution Pressing the CONFIRM key a second t...

Страница 20: ...ATA TO A PERSONAL COMPUTER To send data from the Model 52 memory to a personal computer PC run a communications program such as ProComm CROSSTALK or PC Talk and enter terminal mode See section IX Connect the RS232 cable supplied to the Model 52 and your PC With the function switch set to O2 TEMP press the key repeatedly until a display similar to the following appears Note Be sure that the baud ra...

Страница 21: ...owing will appear If you do not wish to erase all of the Model 52 memory press confirm now If you do want to erase all of the Model 52 memory press the key A display similar to the following will appear Press confirm while this display is visible to erase all of the Model 52 memory The message Erasing Memory will flash across the display The memory of the Model 52 is now free to record up to 70 ne...

Страница 22: ...d CONFIRM the display would show the present clock hour Use and to change the hour and press CONFIRM to enter it Proceed exactly as you did for setting the hour to set the minute seconds year month date and day of week 6 2 SETTING UP AUTOSTABLE When using the autostable feature the Model 52 indicates that all O2 TEMP readings are stable by displaying an to the left of the time The Model 52 uses cr...

Страница 23: ...FIRM button The following display will appear Press the CONFIRM button The following display will appear Use either arrow key to select ON then press CONFIRM The following display will appear Press CONFIRM A display similar to the following will appear S e t u p a u t o s t a b l e S e t u p a u t o s t b l o n o f f S e t u p a u t o s t b l o f f S e t u p c h a n g e i n S e t u p c h a n g e i...

Страница 24: ...e for most printers and personal computers The defaults are Baud rate 9600 parity none word length 8 and stop bits 1 We recommend that you try these default settings before attempting to change them If you must change communication parameters on the Model 52 do so before using the RS232 port Before beginning this sequence you must know the baud rate word length number of stop bits and parity of th...

Страница 25: ... length 7 or 8 then parity odd even or none then stop bits 0 1 or 2 6 4 LAST DIGIT SUPPRESSION When measuring dissolved oxygen in the O2 TEMP function the SKIP key becomes a toggle switch for suppressing last digit of the reading in both and mg L When the last digit is suppressed the measurement will still be as accurate as it is when the last digit is displayed 6 5 CONTRAST ADJUSTMENT The Model 5...

Страница 26: ... key to select the contrast setup The following display will appear Press the key to increase the contrast lighten the display background Press the key to decrease the contrast darken the display background S e t u p L C D C o n t r a s t L C D C o n t r a s t H I L O W ...

Страница 27: ...System Setup Section 6 YSI Incorporated Model 52 23 ...

Страница 28: ...file and save it as an ASCII file press Alt F1 again This ASCII file can then be imported to a spreadsheet program such as Microsoft Excel Quattro Pro or Lotus 123 Set the communications parameters required by your PC see System Setup then switch to EXTERNAL CONTROL The default display is The top line shows the current dissolved oxygen reading in mg L The bottom line displays an identification num...

Страница 29: ...Personal Computer Interface Section 7 YSI Incorporated Model 52 25 ...

Страница 30: ... cannot do it wrong Before closing the case be sure that the connector is seated in the clip attached to the side of the battery pack This will help keep the wires out of the way and prevent interference with the circuit boards Before rejoining the case halves be sure the O ring gasket is properly seated in its groove on the front case half It must be evenly distributed along the perimeter without...

Страница 31: ... up time See Preparation for Use Incorrect probe zeroing See Zero Calibration procedure Probe needs servicing See probe instructions Probe malfunction Repair or replace E 3 Low Insufficient electrolyte See probe instructions sensitivity Contaminated electrodes See probe instructions or fouled membrane Membrane too thick Try another membrane High resistance in probe Return for evaluation connection...

Страница 32: ... any reading Note that not all types of errors discussed are necessarily present in a given situation If salinity compensation is not used for example no salinity compensation error need be considered If calibration is to a Winkler Titration sample calibration errors are replaced by the Winkler uncertainty 9 1 TYPE 1 ERRORS INSTRUMENT COMPONENTS 1 Instrument accuracy 0 1 plus 1 least significant d...

Страница 33: ...ation mode or when calibrating to a Winkler titration sample 2 Error due to barometric pressure uncertainty of 13mm Hg 1 7 of reading 3 Error due to altitude estimation uncertainty of 500 ft 1 8 of reading 9 4 ERROR CALCULATION EXAMPLE The example given presumes that air calibration is used If the Winkler titration calibration method is used type 3 errors are replaced by the uncertainty attributab...

Страница 34: ...8 24 0 01 0 02 2a probe background 0 01 x 1 8 24 9 07 x 7 26 0 01 2b probe nonlinearity 0 003 x 7 26 0 02 2c temp compensation 24 20 x 0 002 x 7 26 0 06 3a temp uncertainty 0 01 x 7 26 0 07 3b pressure 0 017 x 7 26 0 12 3c altitude 0 018 x 7 26 0 13 Probable error can be determined by an r m s calculation r m s error 022 012 022 062 122 132 1 2 0 19 mg L ...

Страница 35: ...Discussion of Measurement Errors Section 9 YSI Incorporated Model 52 31 ...

Страница 36: ...y period or at least 90 days from date of repair or replacement LIMITATION OF WARRANTY This Warranty does not apply to any YSI product damage or failure caused by i failure to install operate or use the product in accordance with YSI s written instructions ii abuse or misuse of the product iii failure to maintain the product in accordance with YSI s written instructions or standard industry proced...

Страница 37: ...roServices Repair 1110 Burnett Avenue Suite D Concord CA 94520 Phone 800 550 5875 Fax 510 674 8655 Washington Oregon California Nevada Idaho Montana Utah Arizona New Mexico Colorado Wyoming North Dakota South Dakota Nebraska Kansas Oklahoma Texas Minnesota Iowa Missouri Arkansas Louisiana Wisconsin Illinois Kentucky Tennessee Mississippi Alabama Florida Georgia South Carolina Indiana Ohio Michigan...

Страница 38: ...x 44 1252 511855 Tlx 858210 Sakura Building 6 5 6 13 Shinjuku Shinjuku ku Tokyo 160 Phone 81 3 5360 3561 Fax 81 3 5360 3565 SPECIALTY SERVICE CENTERS Aquaculture Aquatic Eco Systems Inc 1767 Benbow Court Apopka Florida Phone 407 886 3939 Fax 407 886 6787 Aquacenter 166 Seven Oaks Road Leland Mississippi 38756 Phone 601 378 2861 Fax 601 378 2862 Wastewater Q C Services P O Box 68 Harrison Maine 040...

Страница 39: ...ps must be taken to insure the safety of our service personnel 1 In a manner appropriate to each device decontaminate all exposed surfaces including any containers 70 isopropyl alcohol or a solution of 1 4 cup bleach to 1 gallon tap water are suitable for most disinfecting Instruments used with wastewater may be disinfected with 5 Lysol if this is more convenient to the user 2 The user shall take ...

Страница 40: ...ment Address City _______________ State ______ Zip Country __________________ Phone Model No of Device ______ Lot Number _ Contaminant if known Cleaning Agent s used Radioactive Decontamination Certified Answer only if there has been radioactive exposure ___ Yes ___ No Cleaning Certified By Name Date ...

Страница 41: ...Warranty and Repair Section 10 YSI Incorporated Model 52 37 ...

Страница 42: ... 5 0 to 45 0 C Accuracy 0 1 C plus probe error Resolution 0 1 C Temperature Compensation The mg L mode is automatically temperature compensated to an accuracy of 1 of DO readings between 0 and 5 C and to an accuracy of 0 6 of readings between 5 and 45 C The air saturation mode is automatically temperature compensated to an accuracy of 0 5 of calibration values between 0 and 5 C and to an accuracy ...

Страница 43: ...orated Model 52 39 Power The Model 52 is powered by 6 alkaline D cells batteries or an AC adapter optional Batteries power the instrument for approximately 100 hours Size and Weight 21 6 by 28 by 9 5 cm 2 4 kg 8 5 by 11 by 3 75 inches 4 3 pounds ...

Страница 44: ... off and on the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures reorient the receiving antenna relocate the computer with respect to the receiver move the computer away from the receiver plug the computer into a different outlet so that the computer and receiver are on different branch circuits If necessary the user should consult the dealer or an exp...

Страница 45: ...Required Notice Appendix B YSI Incorporated Model 52 41 ...

Страница 46: ... 87 9 34 8 84 8 37 7 92 7 50 17 0 9 67 9 15 8 67 8 21 7 77 7 36 18 0 9 47 8 97 8 50 8 05 7 62 7 22 19 0 9 28 8 79 8 33 7 90 7 48 7 09 20 0 9 09 8 62 8 17 7 75 7 35 6 96 21 0 8 92 8 46 8 02 7 61 7 21 6 84 22 0 8 74 8 30 7 87 7 47 7 09 6 72 23 0 8 58 8 14 7 73 7 34 6 96 6 61 24 0 8 42 7 99 7 59 7 21 6 84 6 50 25 0 8 26 7 85 7 46 7 08 6 73 6 39 26 0 8 11 7 71 7 33 6 96 6 62 6 29 27 0 7 97 7 58 7 20 6...

Страница 47: ...Oxygen Solubility Appendix C YSI Incorporated Model 52 43 ...

Страница 48: ... 91 2 2887 880 90 26 61 676 90 2 3190 972 89 26 34 669 89 2 3496 1066 88 26 02 661 88 2 3804 1160 87 25 75 654 87 1 4115 1254 86 25 43 646 86 1 4430 1350 85 25 12 638 85 1 4747 1447 84 24 84 631 84 1 5067 1544 83 24 53 623 83 1 5391 1643 82 24 25 616 82 1 5717 1743 81 23 94 608 81 1 6047 1843 80 23 62 600 80 0 6381 1945 79 23 35 593 79 0 6717 2047 78 23 03 585 78 0 7058 2151 77 22 76 578 77 0 7401...

Страница 49: ...Calibration Tables Appendix D YSI Incorporated Model 52 45 ...

Страница 50: ...Calibration Tables Appendix D YSI Incorporated Model 52 46 ...

Страница 51: ...ITEM 052010 DRW A52010D May 1998 1700 1725 Brannum Lane Yellow Springs Ohio 45387 USA 800 765 4874 937 767 7241 FAX 937 767 9320 Website http www YSI com E mail Info ysi com ...

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