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Velleman-Kit EDU01, Руководство пользователя

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Velleman-Kit EDU01 Скачать руководство пользователя страница 3

www.vellemanprojects.com

 

Pag. 3

 

11 Exciting projects which you can actually use.

 

Projects featured in this box:

 

 

LED with push button

*

 .............................................................. 

Light a LED when a pushbutton is pressed 

(pag.10)

 

A transistor as cuurent amplifier

*

 ............................................................... 

Light a LED using a transistor 

(pag.12)

 

Astable multivibrator

**

 ..................................................................................... 

Let LEDs flash alternately 

(pag.14)

 

Simple burglar alarm with LED indication and sound

**

 ........................ 

Example of a simple burglar alarm 

(pag.16)

 

Light detector

**

 ..................................................................... 

Switch on a LED when there is sufficient light 

(pag.18)

 

Polarity tester

*

 ...................................................................................................... 

Check battery polarity 

(pag.20)

 

Start

-

Stop circuit

***

 ............................................................................. 

Control a LED using 2 pushbuttons 

(pag.22)

 

Timer circuit

***

........................................................................... 

Make a LED switch off after a certain time 

(pag.24)

 

Light switch

***

 ...................................................................... 

Make a LED switch on when it becomes dark 

(pag.26)

 

Water alarm

**

 ..................................................................................... 

Make a liquid level trigger an alarm 

(pag.28)

 

Running light with 3 LEDs

***

 ................................................... 

Make 3 LEDs light up shortly in succession 

(pag.30)

 

 

Difficulty level

 

 

*

 

easy

 

** 

 

normal

 

***

 

hard

 

: see "velleman EDU01"

 

Содержание EDU01

Страница 1: ...E D U 0 1 FR KIT D EXPÉRIMENTATION NL EDUCATIEVE DE LERN EXPERIMENTIERBAUSATZ ES KIT DE EXPERIMENTACIÓN www velleman eu ...

Страница 2: ...VELLEMAN NV Legen Heirweg 33 9890 Gavere Belgium Europe www velleman be www velleman kit com ...

Страница 3: ...ation and sound Example of a simple burglar alarm pag 16 Light detector Switch on a LED when there is sufficient light pag 18 Polarity tester Check battery polarity pag 20 Start Stop circuit Control a LED using 2 pushbuttons pag 22 Timer circuit Make a LED switch off after a certain time pag 24 Light switch Make a LED switch on when it becomes dark pag 26 Water alarm Make a liquid level trigger an...

Страница 4: ...s do not have a polarity Resistors values are indicated by means of coloured rings The unit of resistance is called Ohm see colour code table in the package Parts supplied with this kit The breadboard will hold all your experiments The white lines show how the holes are electrically connected with eachother Velleman part SDAD102 Breadboard ...

Страница 5: ...it is Farad practical values are in µF nF or pF The supplied capacitor is an Electrolytic capacitor of 10µF and has a polarity the long lead Velleman part 10J0E C C Green red LED A LED is a Light Emitting Diode it can emit light using a small current max 20mA with a 1 8V drop Watch the polarity long lead Velleman part L 7104LGD L 7104LID Flat side shortest lead NG OK How to bend the leads ...

Страница 6: ...ton is pressed The pitch of the buzzer can t be changed because the frequency of the oscillator is fixed Velleman part SV3 Push button A push button will conduct current when pushed and interrupt the current when released Velleman part D6 Inside connection The supplied button has 4 connections but only 2 are used 2 are interconnected ...

Страница 7: ... polarity With this kit you receive a BC557 PNP and a BC547 NPN transistor A transistor has 3 pins Base Emitter and Collector Velleman part BC557B BC547B Phototransistor E B C C B E PNP C B E C B E NPN BC547 BC557 A phototransistor is a transistor that conducts current when the photocell inside it is sufficiently exposed to light You can use it as a light switch in electrical circuits Velleman par...

Страница 8: ...box you can find a multi core cable The wires must be separated from each other before use This can be done using a wire cutter or pair of scissors Use the separate wires to connect components indicated in the drawing by a thick black line Velleman part FC8 8x ...

Страница 9: ...www vellemanprojects com Pag 9 ...

Страница 10: ...www vellemanprojects com pag 10 Project 1 LED with push button As long as the push button is pressed the led will light 1K Not included Flat side shortest leg RED ...

Страница 11: ...nt flows from the of the battery to the push button resistor of the LED and via the of the LED back to the battery Using a 1000ohm resistor the current will be about 0 007A 7mA Time to experiment What happens when you swap and of the led What happens when you replace the 1000 ohm resistor with a 100K ohm resistor brown black yellow gold Calculation of the resistor resistor battery voltage LED volt...

Страница 12: ...www vellemanprojects com pag 12 Project 2 Transistor acting as current amplifier 1K Not included 1K B E C Light up a LED using a transistor use your finger as a switch Jumper wire ...

Страница 13: ...t works In this circuit the small current flowing through your finger will be amplified by the transistor The base current that runs via your finger and resistor R1 is amplified by transistor T1 The amplified current flows through the LED and R2 making the LED lit R3 will prevent the transistor for unwanted functioning HINT wet you finger to make the LED light up stronger ...

Страница 14: ...www vellemanprojects com pag 14 1K 1K C1 100K C2 Project 3 Astable multivibrator flashing LEDs Let LEDs flash alternately Not included 100K B B E E C C WATCH THE CAPACITOR POLARITY ...

Страница 15: ...olytic capacitors The LED on time can be calculated T 0 693 x R1 Ω x C1 F T 0 693 x 100 000 x 0 00001 0 693sec How it works The 2 transistors alternately conduct because the capacitors are charged and discharged The speed at which this happens depends on the capacitors C1 C2 and the resistors R1 R2 Use a high er capacitor and resistor value in order to extend the LED lighting time ...

Страница 16: ...www vellemanprojects com pag 16 1K 100K 0 5m supplied wire Not included Project 4 Simple burglar alarm with LED indication and sound Make an alarm signal sound when the circuit is interrupted E B C ...

Страница 17: ...orks An alarm sounds when the normally closed security circuit here indicated as WIRE is interrupted Replace this normally closed circuit WIRE by a normally closed window or door switch when e g the window is opened the contact within the window switch is interrupted the security circuit is opened and the buzzer sounds The alarm signal ends as soon as the security circuit is closed again ...

Страница 18: ...www vellemanprojects com pag 18 1K 10K Not included 10K Project 5 Light detector Switch on a LED when there is sufficient light B C E TR ...

Страница 19: ...e phototransistor TR The phototransistor is light sensi tive in dark conditions it has a high resistance and in light conditions it has a low resistance Across the phototransistor is a positive potential which is fed to the base of the transistor enabling it to switch Resis tor R2 creates a switching point which determines when the transistor starts to conduct Resistor R1 limits the cur rent that ...

Страница 20: ...www vellemanprojects com pag 20 Jumper wire 1K Not included Project 6 polarity tester Check the polarity of a battery GREEN RED ...

Страница 21: ...reen LED good will light up Current can flow from the of the battery through the green LED and via the resistor back to the of the battery The red LED wrong will not light up as it is polarised in the opposite direction When swapping the connection of the battery switch the red and the black wires the red LED will light up This way we can determine whether a battery is connected the right way or n...

Страница 22: ...www vellemanprojects com pag 22 T2 Not included 10K 1K 1K 1K T1 SW2 SW1 Jumper wire Jumper wire Jumper wire Project 7 Start stop circuit Control a LED using 2 pushbuttons B C B E C E ...

Страница 23: ...o current By pressing the START but ton a current flows via R4 through the LED At the same time the base of T2 is pulled low was high via R1 Since the value of R3 is much lower than R1 the voltage on the base of T2 drops making it conduct and via the collector of T2 and R2 T1 also starts to conduct From this point on both transistors keep each other in conducting state even when the START but ton ...

Страница 24: ...www vellemanprojects com pag 24 1K Jumper wire 100K Not included Jumper wire 10M 10µF Jumper wire Project 8 Timer circuit Make a LED switch off after a certain time E C B E C B ...

Страница 25: ...p The current needed to make T2 conduct is limited as T1 and T2 form a Darlington tran sistor circuit The time needed to discharge the capacitor is also determined by resistor R1 The smaller R1 the faster the capacitor is discharged and the LED switches off When R1 is removed the capacitor discharges solely via the base current of T1 Switching off is a lot slower now and takes 1 minute The total g...

Страница 26: ...www vellemanprojects com pag 26 10K Not included 10µF 10K 1k 1k 100K 100 Jumper wire Project 9 Light switch Make a LED switch on when it becomes dark E C B E C B TR ...

Страница 27: ...ut the trigger level The purpose here is the switch the LED on or off completely As long as there is no light on the phototransis tor there is no base current to T1 and it will not conduct As long as this is the case T2 will receive a base current via R2 and R3 and conducts the LED will be on When light shines on the phototransistor the voltage on the base of T1 rises T1 will start to conduct when...

Страница 28: ...www vellemanprojects com pag 28 wire Not included 10K MAX Do not use a flammable substance 470K Project 10 Water alarm Make a liquid level trigger an alarm E C B E C B ...

Страница 29: ...e placed in a tank at a certain distance e g use a drinking cup Fill up the tank with a conducting liquid e g water until the level reaches both sensor wires A small current will flow via R2 towards the base of T2 The base is protected against interference with a resistor R1 T1 T2 are configured as a Darling ton switch hence only a very small current is needed to make T1 conduct and activate the a...

Страница 30: ...www vellemanprojects com pag 30 Jumper wire Not included 1K 100K 1K 100K 1K 100K Jumper wire Project 11 Running light with 3 LEDs Make 3 LEDs without control light up successively B B E B E E C C C ...

Страница 31: ...annels It is theoretically possible to expand per LED a similar circuit is needed in series with the previous The capacitor of the next channel is charged when the transistor of the previous channel is not conducting As long as a certain transistor is not conducting the rele vant LED will light up Capacitor C4 is added to the circuit to create a certain starting condi tion when connecting power an...

Страница 32: ...Modifications and typographical errors reserved Velleman nv Legen Heirweg 33 9890 Gavere België HEDU01 2 2019 rev 2 5 4 1 0 3 2 9 4 3 8 1 1 1 VELLEMAN NV Legen Heirweg 33 B 9890 GAVERE Belgium Europe ...

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