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FFT and RBW

3- 106

RSA2203A & RSA2208A User Manual

FFT Window

The phase of the waveform processed by FFT analysis is assumed to start at zero

and end at zero, so the waveform data is an exact multiple of one cycle. If the

phase at the start and end of the waveform are equal, there is no unnatural

discontinuity in the signal waveform, and the frequency and the amplitude can be

accurately calculated.

If the waveform data is not an exact multiple of one cycle, the amplitudes at the

start and end of the waveform will be different. There will be a discontinuity of

the waveform between the beginning and end, and a high-frequency transient

phenomenon occurs. When this happens, inaccurate frequency information is

recorded in the frequency domain.

If a window function is applied to the waveform, the start and end amplitudes

will be closer, and the discontinuity is reduced. The frequency components that

are calculated from the signal by FFT also become more accurate. Choose the

FFT window according to your objective: accurate measurement of the frequency

or accurate measurement of the amplitude of the frequency components.

In FFT windows, the frequency resolution is inversely proportional to the

amplitude accuracy. Select a proper window according to the measurement items

and characteristics of the signal source. Table 3--10 shows characteristics and

usages of major windows.

Table 3- 10: Characteristics and usage of FFT windows

FFT window

Characteristics

Usage

Rectangular

H

Suitable for frequency measurement but not

suitable for amplitude measurement.

H

Same result as measurement without a window.

H

Transient phenomenon or burst; signal levels

before and after the event are roughly same.

H

Sinusoidal wave with little amplitude variation and

stable frequency.

H

Wide bandwidth irregular noise; spectrum

changes slowly.

Hamming, Hanning

H

Suitable for frequency measurement.

H

Inferior in accuracy of amplitude to the rectangu-

lar window.

H

Frequency resolution of Hamming is slightly

superior to that of Hanning.

H

Sinusoidal wave.

H

Repeating narrow bandwidth irregular noise.

H

Transient phenomenon or burst; signal levels

before and after the event are remarkably

different.

Blackman-Harris

H

Suitable for amplitude measurement but not

suitable for frequency measurement.

H

Signal that has one-frequency ruling when a high

order harmonic is detected.

Window Characteristics

Содержание RSA2200A

Страница 1: ...User Manual RSA2203A RSA2208A 3 GHz 8 GHz Real Time Spectrum Analyzers 071 1334 04 This document applies to firmware version 3 20 and above www tektronix com...

Страница 2: ...nd pending Information in this publication supercedes that in all previously published material Specifications and price change privileges reserved TEKTRONIX and TEK are registered trademarks of Tektr...

Страница 3: ...AND WITH ALL FAULTS THE ENTIRE RISK AS TO SATISFACTORY QUALITY PERFORMANCE ACCURACY AND EFFORT INCLUDING LACK OF NEGLIGENCE IS WITH YOU ALSO THERE IS NO WARRANTY AGAINST INTERFERENCE WITH YOUR ENJOYM...

Страница 4: ...USED ON THE DEVICE The combination of software programs you use on the DEVICE shall address not more than two 2 general office automation or consumer computing functions Such functions include but ar...

Страница 5: ...duties taxes and any other charges for products returned to any other locations This warranty shall not apply to any defect failure or damage caused by improper use or improper or inadequate maintena...

Страница 6: ......

Страница 7: ...erformance Warranty Repair Service Tektronix technicians provide warranty service at most Tektronix service locations worldwide The warranty period for this product can be found behind the title page...

Страница 8: ......

Страница 9: ...ting Up the Stand 1 13 Functional Check 1 14 Powering Off the Analyzer 1 18 Restart 1 19 Backing Up User Files 1 20 About Installation of Other Applications 1 20 Calibration 1 21 Cal Menu 1 22 Calibra...

Страница 10: ...Measurement Screen Layout 3 28 Analog Modulation Analysis 3 34 Time Analysis Time Mode 3 41 Measurement Screen Layout 3 41 Time Variation Measurement 3 42 CCDF Measurement 3 46 Pulse Measurements 3 51...

Страница 11: ...Operation Other than Real Time S A 3 130 Multi Display Lines Real Time S A Only 3 133 Marker Operation and Peak Search 3 137 Markers Menu 3 138 Using Markers 3 141 Peak Search 3 146 Using the Online...

Страница 12: ...Characteristics A 13 Environmental Characteristics A 13 Appendix B Menu Tree B 1 Appendix C Inspection and Cleaning C 1 Inspecting the Exterior C 1 Cleaning the Exterior C 2 Lubrication C 2 Cleaning t...

Страница 13: ...13 Spectrum of the calibration signal 50 MHz about 20 dBm 1 14 Figure 1 14 Setup display 1 15 Figure 1 15 Reference level setting and A D overflow indicator 1 16 Figure 1 16 Spectrogram display 1 17 F...

Страница 14: ...re 2 30 Frequency span and amplitude settings 2 34 Figure 2 31 Menu items for numeric value input 2 35 Figure 2 32 Numeric value entry keypad 2 35 Figure 2 33 Center frequency of 100 MHz span of 10 MH...

Страница 15: ...ent 3 12 Figure 3 12 Carrier frequency measurement 3 13 Figure 3 13 EBW measurement band power markers 3 14 Figure 3 14 EBW measurement 3 15 Figure 3 15 Setting up spurious signal measurement 3 16 Fig...

Страница 16: ...e menu 3 57 Figure 3 49 Waveform display in the subview 3 60 Figure 3 50 Setting frequency and span 3 63 Figure 3 51 Setting the center frequency using MARKER 3 65 Figure 3 52 Relationship between the...

Страница 17: ...gure 3 86 Relationships between frame bin and pixel 3 119 Figure 3 87 Compression method for displaying the waveform 3 120 Figure 3 88 View keys 3 121 Figure 3 89 Setting the scale in spectrum view 3...

Страница 18: ...preset file lower right of the screen 3 159 Figure 3 114 Selecting the folder 3 160 Figure 3 115 Save to File menu 3 161 Figure 3 116 Load from the preset file lower right of the screen 3 162 Figure 3...

Страница 19: ...level setting 3 71 Table 3 8 Vertical scale setting range 3 72 Table 3 9 How to acquire a waveform 3 91 Table 3 10 Characteristics and usage of FFT windows 3 106 Table 3 11 FFT window and bandpass fi...

Страница 20: ...ble A 16 Marker trace and display line A 11 Table A 17 Controller and interface A 11 Table A 18 Power requirements A 12 Table A 19 Power connector A 12 Table A 20 Physical characteristics A 13 Table A...

Страница 21: ...properly grounded Observe All Terminal Ratings To avoid fire or shock hazard observe all ratings and markings on the product Consult the product manual for further ratings information before making c...

Страница 22: ...ct These terms may appear on the product DANGER indicates an injury hazard immediately accessible as you read the marking WARNING indicates an injury hazard not immediately accessible as you read the...

Страница 23: ...ins the functions of the front rear and side panels and menu items of the analyzer and describes the basic menu operations This section also provides tutorials for beginners It gives step by step proc...

Страница 24: ...replacement and calibration Conventions This manual uses the following conventions H Front panel key and control labels are printed in the manual in upper case text For example SPAN PEAK PRINT If it i...

Страница 25: ...Getting Started...

Страница 26: ......

Страница 27: ...ining three dimensional information of frequency time and amplitude phase Features H Measurement frequency range 10 MHz to 3 GHz for RSA2203A 10 MHz to 8 GHz for RSA2208A DC to 20 MHz Option 05 H 100...

Страница 28: ...sired unknown or interfering signals H Device system design or operational diagnostic measurement H Getting answers to elusive EMI problems H VCO synthesizer design H RFID device characterization H Sp...

Страница 29: ...ass filter where resolution of the spectrum analyzer is defined Local oscillator RF input Mixer Resolution filter Detector Display F F Figure 1 1 Concept of the swept spectrum analyzer The filter is s...

Страница 30: ...y observed and recorded continuously Signals A and B are concur rently acquired and displayed as shown in Figure 1 4 Resolution filter 1 Detector 1 RF input Display Resolution filter 2 Resolution filt...

Страница 31: ...s a series of frames of data in the time domain as shown in Figure 1 5 and then performs the FFT process for each frame This method enables continuous analysis of spectra and ensures the capture of re...

Страница 32: ...g system RF input 3 GHz 8 GHz down converter IF sampling A D converter Digital down converter External trigger input Trigger detection Memory controller Data memory 2 MB Local bus PCI bridge Display W...

Страница 33: ...plits the real signal from the A D converter into complex I and Q components and limits the frequency span of the resulting signal The down converter performs span and center frequency fine tuning Thi...

Страница 34: ...It is equipped with a 20 GB hard disk and 3 5 inch disk drive to store data and settings Waveforms menus and measurement results are shown on the color display which uses an 8 4 inch XGA TFT LCD modu...

Страница 35: ...acked in a cardboard box for delivery Before opening the box make sure that there is no damage on the surface 2 Open the box check that the product has no damage and that all the standard accessories...

Страница 36: ...options The maximum power consumption is 350 W Refer to Appendix A Specifica tions for additional information on power and environmental requirements CAUTION Use only power cords that are approved for...

Страница 37: ...power switch on the front panel lights up in orange 2 Turn on the power switch ON STANDBY on the lower left of the front panel The LED next to the power switch changes to green Power switch LED Figur...

Страница 38: ...tion routine refer to Calibrating Gain on page 1 23 CAUTION Never apply signals with a combined amplitude greater than 30 dBm to the RF INPUT connector If you exceed this input rating you can permanen...

Страница 39: ...08A User Manual 1 13 Setting Up the Stand To set up the stand place the analyzer on a table Lift the front of the analyzer and pull out the stand until it is perpendicular to the analyzer Stand Figure...

Страница 40: ...he calibration signal a Press the S A key on the front panel and then press the Spectrum Analyzer side key b Press the PRESET key on the front panel to reset the analyzer c Press the INPUT key on the...

Страница 41: ...e marker disappears 4 Check the RBW Resolution Bandwidth while changing the span setting a Press the SPAN key on the front panel b Confirm that the span is 10 MHz and the RBW is 50 kHz in the setup di...

Страница 42: ...ose knob to set the reference level to 30 dBm d Confirm that A D OVERFLOW is indicated in the red box at the top center of the screen Make sure that 30 dBm is displayed on the upper left side of the g...

Страница 43: ...ram side key Check that the spectrogram is displayed on the lower side of the screen see Figure 1 16 c Press the RUN STOP key on the front panel to stop data acquisition Confirm that the trace display...

Страница 44: ...reserve settings and then power off The LED next to the power switch changes to orange Avoid using the rear panel power switch or disconnecting the power cord to power off the analyzer To completely r...

Страница 45: ...urn on the front panel power switch If the analyzer was not shut down properly Windows Scan Disk may run when you turn on the analyzer When the Scan Disk screen appears wait until the Scan Disk is com...

Страница 46: ...er to page 3 155 for details on file operations The analyzer is equipped with LAN Ethernet interface as standard allowing you to save data in peripheral devices such as other PCs hard disks and MO via...

Страница 47: ...21 Calibration Perform these routines to optimize the analyzer performance H Gain calibration H Center offset calibration H DC offset calibration Option 05 only H Display brightness adjustment Each it...

Страница 48: ...tion Calibrate DC Offset Option 05 only This calibration cancels DC offset in baseband Refer to page 1 25 for the DC offset calibration Auto Calibration Determines whether to automatically perform all...

Страница 49: ...electrical performance of the analyzer to stabilize During normal operation when the ambient temperature changes by more than 5 C from the temperature at the last calibration UNCAL is displayed in th...

Страница 50: ...en you narrow the span run the calibration NOTE Option 03 only When you input I and Q signals from the rear panel connectors set the IQ input signal level to zero externally When the spurious emission...

Страница 51: ...ou change the amplitude setting and the DC offset is too obvious run the DC offset calibration When DC offset appears at 0 Hz in the baseband run the calibration Figure 1 20 DC offset To run the DC of...

Страница 52: ...SYSTEM menu Display Brightness SYSTEM key Figure 1 21 System menu 2 Press the Display Brightness side key 3 Turn the general purpose knob to adjust the brightness The setting range is 0 to 100 Confir...

Страница 53: ...Operating Basics...

Страница 54: ......

Страница 55: ...connectors and display H Controls and connectors H Front panel H Rear panel H Side panel H Using a mouse and keyboard H Display screen H Elements of the display H Status display H Front panel key loc...

Страница 56: ...SA2203A RSA2208A User Manual Controls and Connectors Figures 2 1 through 2 3 on the following pages show the controls and connec tors on the front the side and the rear panels 1 2 3 4 5 7 8 9 10 6 Fig...

Страница 57: ...ctor Connects an input signal Type N type connector Input impedance 50 Maximum capacity of non breakdown input 30 dBm CAUTION Do not apply a signal of more than 30dBm to do so may damage the instrumen...

Страница 58: ...50 BNC connector for trigger signal input output Refer to page A 10 for specifications 3 GPIB connector Used to control the analyzer from an external controller Refer to the RSA2203A and RSA2208A Pro...

Страница 59: ...DOS can be used to save and load data and settings 3 LAN Ethernet connector 10 100BASE T connector When you reboot the analyzer after connecting to LAN the analyzer recognizes the network speed automa...

Страница 60: ...tor connect a VGA cable to the analyzer and to the monitor then turn on the monitor before you turn on the analyzer 5 USB connectors two ports Connect USB devices such as a mouse keyboard and printer...

Страница 61: ...or numeric input field Home Caret move Moves the caret to the beginning of an input field End Caret move Moves the caret to the end of an input field Backspace Alphanumeric input Deletes the character...

Страница 62: ...Interface Maps 2 8 RSA2203A RSA2208A User Manual Display Screen Figure 2 6 shows the elements of the display screen 1 2 3 7 6 5 4 8 Figure 2 6 Display screen configuration...

Страница 63: ...n the front panel the menu associated with that key is displayed Refer to page 2 13 for details of menu items 6 Menu setting display area Displays the last setting of the menu item that can be set wit...

Страница 64: ...t TRIG D Pre trigger data has been acquired and a trigger event has been detected The instrument is now acquiring post trigger data FREE RUN The instrument acquires and measures without waiting for a...

Страница 65: ...t this time the message PANEL LOCK is displayed on the top side key see Figure 2 9 PANEL LOCK Front panel key lock display Figure 2 9 Key lock display To cancel the key lock the following two methods...

Страница 66: ...attenuation of an input signal before it enters the internal mixer RBW Indicates RBW Resolution Bandwidth for compatibility with swept spectrum analyzers Refer to FFT and RBW on page 3 101 S A NBW In...

Страница 67: ...the following three functional groups H MEASUREMENT Sets frequency amplitude and time parameters for specified measurement and controls data acquisition H DISPLAY The Display group is divided into the...

Страница 68: ...ENT FREQUENCY CHANNEL Sets frequency or channel Setting Frequency and Span page 3 61 SPAN Sets span p g AMPLITUDE Sets amplitude Setting Amplitude page 3 69 TIMING Sets timing parameters Setting Timin...

Страница 69: ...ge 3 129 DISPLAY MARKERS PEAK Searches for peak on waveform YBA Move the marker to the next peak SELECT Selects a marker Marker Operation and Peak Search page 3 137 MARKER Sets parameters based on the...

Страница 70: ...splayed down the right side of the screen see Figure 2 12 Cancel Back is always displayed at the top and the other eight keys select menu items Cancel Back always displayed Returns to the last display...

Страница 71: ...key In this example the Channel Power measurement is performed Move to sub menu If the label is followed by you can move to a lower level menu by pressing the associated side key Move between pages Wh...

Страница 72: ...ease or decrease a setting value respectively Down key Decreases the value General purpose knob Rotate clockwise to increase the value and counterclockwise to decrease the value Up key Increases the v...

Страница 73: ...ld Figure 2 16 Changing value with the keypad 2 Press the keys required to enter the desired numeric value For example to enter the frequency 123 45 MHz press 1 2 3 4 5 MHz To delete an entered number...

Страница 74: ...wn key Step size Figure 2 18 Step size for the center frequency Step Size for Center Frequency The step size is set with the Step Size side key The center frequency step size can be also set with two...

Страница 75: ...ription Reference Spectrum analysis S A Spectrum Analyzer General spectrum analysis Spectrum Analysis S A Mode S A with Spectrogram Spectrum analysis with spectrogram p y page 3 1 Real Time S A Real t...

Страница 76: ...e current acquisition The analyzer saves the settings when it is turned off When you turn on the analyzer it starts with the settings as they were when it was shut down PRESET key restores default set...

Страница 77: ...rols Display Brightness Adjusts the brightness of display Setting range 0 to 100 Reset All to Factory Defaults Sets all parameters for all measurements and modes to the default values Remote Setup Set...

Страница 78: ...lable To check on the availability of optional software contact your local Tektronix office Figure 2 24 Displaying versions and options The following information is shown on the screen H Version H Mai...

Страница 79: ...e option You will receive an option key alphanumeric code 2 Press the Option Key side key see Figure 2 24 and enter the option key using the alphanumeric keypad on the front panel NOTE To input hyphen...

Страница 80: ...from the menu The analyzer system program terminates and the Windows XP desktop screen appears Switching from Windows Desktop to the Analyzer View To switch from the Windows desktop screen to the anal...

Страница 81: ...ctional Overview RSA2203A RSA2208A User Manual 2 27 When you move the mouse pointer to the bottom of the screen the task bar appears Task bar RSA icon Figure 2 25 Displaying the Windows XP accessory m...

Страница 82: ...Functional Overview 2 28 RSA2203A RSA2208A User Manual...

Страница 83: ...This section uses default settings in most examples H Preparations Connecting devices and applying the power H Displaying spectrum H Using markers and peak search H Using averaging and comparison dis...

Страница 84: ...One 50 coaxial cable 1 Connect the output of the signal generator to the RF INPUT connector on the analyzer front panel using a coaxial cable see Figure 2 26 RF INPUT N type connector Figure 2 26 Cabl...

Страница 85: ...CIPAL POWER SWITCH on the rear panel as shown in Figure 2 27 The orange LED on the front panel lights Principal power switch Figure 2 27 Principal power switch rear panel 3 Turn on the power switch ON...

Страница 86: ...2 RSA2203A RSA2208A User Manual The initial screen shown in Figure 2 29 appears after Windows XP starts up the background color is in white on this manual to make figures more viewable Figure 2 29 Ini...

Страница 87: ...with the settings as they were when it was shut down This tutorial starts with the factory default settings Perform the following steps to restore the factory default settings 1 Press the SYSTEM key...

Страница 88: ...the settings Frequency Center frequency Amplitude Span Figure 2 30 Frequency span and amplitude settings The center frequency is set to 1 5 GHz and span is set to 10 MHz when you power on the analyze...

Страница 89: ...ure 2 32 2 Enter the new center frequency at 100 MHz As the interval between 1 5 GHz current setting and 100 MHz is wide it is more convenient to use the keypad here Press 1 0 0 MHz in order on the ke...

Страница 90: ...displayed on the bottom of the screen Center Freq MHz 100 in this example The current setting is displayed in this field Figure 2 33 Center frequency of 100 MHz span of 10 MHz The next step is to set...

Страница 91: ...e general purpose knob is available Numeric value input field 4 Turn the general purpose knob to the left to select 20k The hardware is set with the selected value immediately The spectrum waveform is...

Страница 92: ...the analyzer is powered on Observe the change in the waveform as you change this setting in the following procedure 0 dBm 100 dBm Ref Level setting 10 dB Figure 2 35 Setting amplitude 1 Press the Amp...

Страница 93: ...knob to the right the amplitude increases and waveform shifts to a relatively lower position H As you turn the knob to the left the amplitude decreases and waveform shifts to a relatively higher posi...

Страница 94: ...n acquisition stops PAUSE is shown in the status indicator on screen see Figure 2 38 Status indicator Figure 2 38 Status indicator 2 Acquire data in the single mode using the following steps a Press t...

Страница 95: ...ive value Markers 1 and 2 are used and that is called delta marker mode To position the markers use the general purpose knob or the numeric input keypad 1 Press the MARKER SETUP key on the front panel...

Страница 96: ...tive marker and Z represents the fixed marker You can operate only the active marker 1 Press the MARKER SETUP key on the front panel 2 Press the Markers side key to select Delta The fixed marker Z app...

Страница 97: ...2 making Marker 2 active You can also select the marker using the MARKERS SELECT key on the front panel The MARKERS SELECT key and the Select Marker side key have the same function 6 The Marker X Posi...

Страница 98: ...marker at the maximum peak 2 Press the Markers side key to select Delta The fixed marker Z appears at the active marker position 3 Press the Select Marker side key to select 2 making Marker 2 active...

Страница 99: ...tween the two marker positions is shown in the upper left part of the screen see Figure 2 41 Peak difference Marker 2 Peak value at the selected marker Marker 1 Figure 2 41 Searching for the peak 7 Pr...

Страница 100: ...l waveform There are several averaging methods select RMS Root Mean Square in this example 1 Press the TRACE AVG key TRACE AVG key 2 Press the Trace Type side key to select Average 3 Press the Number...

Страница 101: ...the free run mode the averaging is done with exponential RMS root mean square This method continues the average with an exponential weighting applied to old values using the number of averages 64 in...

Страница 102: ...d waveform 4 Press the Select Trace side key to select 2 Trace 2 5 Press the Trace 1 Type side key and select Average to define Trace 2 as the averaged waveform 6 Press the RUN STOP key on the front p...

Страница 103: ...quency and frame number respectively and the color axis represents amplitude Display the spectrogram using the following steps 1 Press the MODE S A key S A key 2 Press the S A with Spectrogram side ke...

Страница 104: ...ctrum and spectrogram side by side a Press the VIEW DEFINE key VIEW DEFINE key Modifies display format b Press the View Orientation side key to select Tall Figure 2 45 Tall display of spectrum and spe...

Страница 105: ...to operate The selected view is surrounded by a white frame b Press the VIEW DEFINE key and then press the Show Views side key to select Single Only the spectrogram is displayed see Figure 2 46 The n...

Страница 106: ...Carrier vs Noise Power Ratio and OBW Occupied Band Width These items enable you to perform measurements using simple key operations Here measure channel power and carrier frequency as examples 1 Press...

Страница 107: ...side key A band power marker indicating measurement range is displayed on the spectrum waveform The measurement result is displayed below the waveform see Figure 2 47 Band power marker Measurement re...

Страница 108: ...The Channel Bandwidth menu item is selected Using the general purpose knob set the measurement range to 40 kHz for example See the display in Figure 2 48 Channel Bandwidth Sets the measurement bandwid...

Страница 109: ...on 1 Press the MEASURE key on the front panel 2 Press the Carrier Frequency side key The measurement result is displayed at the bottom of the screen see Figure 2 49 Carrier frequency measurement resul...

Страница 110: ...lysis MODE S A Performs general spectrum analysis All operations in the tutorial up to this point have been performed in this mode H Modulation analysis MODE DEMOD Performs analog modulation analysis...

Страница 111: ...Main view Displays the measurement result and waveform of the range specified in the overview they may be displayed in separate views In this case level changes of I and Q signals are displayed as th...

Страница 112: ...range shown in Figure 2 52 2 Press the Acquisition History side key to specify the number of the block to be analyzed Leave it at 0 the latest block its default value 3 Press the Analysis Length side...

Страница 113: ...cquisition History Specifies the number of the block to be analyzed Analysis Length Specifies the time length of the analysis range Analysis Offset Specifies the start point of the analysis range The...

Страница 114: ...ock is calculated using this equation One block acquisition length N One frame acquisition length One block acquisition length is set using Acquisition Length in the Timing menu One frame acquisition...

Страница 115: ...quire one block Figure 2 54 Changing the acquisition length In this case Acquisition Length is 256 ms and Spectrum Length 32 ms so the data is displayed in the overview for 256 32 8 frames 8192 points...

Страница 116: ...OP key to stop data acquision and observe the waveform 2 Press the VIEW SELECT key to select the main view The selected view is surrounded with a white frame VIEW keys 3 Press the DEFINE key and then...

Страница 117: ...in the display c Press the Vertical Scale side key and change the vertical axis scale Try several settings by turning the knob observe the changes in the display Vertical Scale Horizontal Scale Figur...

Страница 118: ...pleted the measurements turn off the power 1 Press the ON STANDBY switch at the lower left of the front panel The shutdown process of Windows XP runs and the power source goes to standby state with th...

Страница 119: ...Reference...

Страница 120: ......

Страница 121: ...are four items in the S A menu H Spectrum Analyzer Performs general spectrum analysis Refer to page 3 4 for details H S A with Spectrogram Performs spectrum analysis with spectrogram Refer to page 3...

Страница 122: ...the basic screen layout in the spectrum analysis S A mode The spectrum waveform and measurement results are displayed You can display the spectrum and the spectrogram at the same time Refer to Spectro...

Страница 123: ...follows NOTE The Grid Style menu item is available only in the S A mode except Real Time S A Off Turns off the graticule Fix Always displays a 10 10 grid Flex Displays the graticule with the horizont...

Страница 124: ...surement page 3 16 Pressing the Measurement Off side key stops the measurement and returns to the original spectral display 1 Press the S A key and then the Spectrum Analyzer side key 2 Select the mea...

Страница 125: ...he following controls Integration Bandwidth Sets frequency range for power measurement see Figure 3 4 Measurement Filter Shape Selects a filter shape from these types H Rect Rectangular H Gaussian H N...

Страница 126: ...Spectrum Analysis S A Mode 3 6 RSA2203A RSA2208A User Manual An example of the channel power measurement is shown in Figure 3 5 Figure 3 5 Channel power measurement...

Страница 127: ...l Bandwidth Sets frequency range of main channel Adjacent Channel Bandwidth Sets frequency range of adjacent channel Chan Spacing Sets a frequency interval between two adjacent channels Measurement Fi...

Страница 128: ...Spectrum Analysis S A Mode 3 8 RSA2203A RSA2208A User Manual Figure 3 7 shows an example of the ACPR measurement Figure 3 7 Example of ACPR measurement...

Страница 129: ...to noise Range Span 2 to Span 2 Noise Bandwidth Sets the noise bandwidth Carrier Bandwidth Sets the carrier bandwidth Measurement Filter Shape Selects a filter shape from these types H Rect Rectangula...

Страница 130: ...Spectrum Analysis S A Mode 3 10 RSA2203A RSA2208A User Manual Figure 3 9 shows an example of the C N measurement Figure 3 9 Example of C N measurement...

Страница 131: ...Setup Menu The Meas Setup menu for the OBW measurement contains the following control Power Ratio Specifies the power ratio of the carrier and span regions for calculating OBW see Figure 3 10 The def...

Страница 132: ...Spectrum Analysis S A Mode 3 12 RSA2203A RSA2208A User Manual Figure 3 11 shows an example of the OBW measurement Figure 3 11 Example of OBW measurement...

Страница 133: ...nents are displayed together Meas Setup Menu The Meas Setup menu for the Carrier Frequency measurement contains the following control Counter Resolution Sets the counter resolution The measurement res...

Страница 134: ...asured in EBW Emission Bandwidth Meas Setup Menu The Meas Setup menu for the EBW measurement contains the following control Measurement Level Specifies how far down from the peak level the bandwidth i...

Страница 135: ...Spectrum Analysis S A Mode RSA2203A RSA2208A User Manual 3 15 Figure 3 14 shows an example of the EBW measurement Figure 3 14 EBW measurement...

Страница 136: ...ndard signal peak as the center in which spurious signals are not to be detected for avoiding false recognition of spurious signals see Figure 3 15 Range 0 to Span 2 Hz default 0 Hz Spurious Threshold...

Страница 137: ...asurement result Spurious marker Figure 3 16 Example of spurious signal measurement Detected spurious signals are assigned markers numbered in descending order by amplitude The frequency difference de...

Страница 138: ...al concurrently with the spectro gram Follow these steps to display the spectrogram 1 Press the S A key on the front panel 2 Press the S A with Spectrogram side key The spectrum and spectrogram are di...

Страница 139: ...display Display spectrum and spectrogram side by side Figure 3 18 View orientation 3 When you display either spectrum or spectrogram only on full screen press the VIEW SELECT key to select the view Th...

Страница 140: ...rames acquired at one time is called block size In the normal spectrum analysis the instrument acquires data for the block size determined from RBW and creates one spectrum waveform In the real time m...

Страница 141: ...S A key on the front panel 2 Press the Real Time S A side key The spectrum is displayed concurrently with the spectrogram 3 Display the spectrum waveform of the measurement signal NOTE For details on...

Страница 142: ...ils about the time parameters refer to page 3 83 5 When you have acquired the measurement data stop the data acquisition If the analyzer is in the continuous acquisition mode press RUN STOP 6 Press th...

Страница 143: ...ied with Spectrum Offset Spectrum Length indicates the time length to acquire one frame Figure 3 21 Real time mode 7 To take a spectrum measurement press the MEASURE key on the front panel The measure...

Страница 144: ...llowing Timing menu see Figure 3 23 The area is the analysis range Acquisition Length Sets the capture time of one block Acquisition History A block number that analyzes displays data is specified The...

Страница 145: ...n Mouse Click on the spectrogram to select it and then go to step 4 2 Press the MARKER SETUP key on the front panel 3 Press the Markers side key and select Single to display the marker 4 Move the mark...

Страница 146: ...e new frequency center and then left click to put the marker on it b Select MARKER Center Zoom Marker Freq The zoomed area shifts to the specified frequency Zoomed area Marker Reference cursor Zoomed...

Страница 147: ...alog Demod Standard AM Demod FM Demod PM Demod IQ versus Time Pulse Spectrum Measure menu Figure 3 25 Demod menu structure There are three items in the Demod menu H Analog Demod Performs analog modula...

Страница 148: ...H Main view Displays the measurement results and waveform for the range specified by the green horizontal line in the overview Some measurements show the results and waveform separately on the right a...

Страница 149: ...frames the acquisition length is calculated with this equation One block acquisition length N One frame acquisition length One frame acquisition length is determined by span and indicated on the Spect...

Страница 150: ...to the specified range MARKER SETUP key MARKER key Figure 3 28 MARKERS keys Specifying Analysis Range Using the Marker and Reference Cursor You can use the marker and the reference cursor in place of...

Страница 151: ...wn in Figure 3 30 for the spectrum displayed in the subview with the following procedure using the Timing menu after data acquisition The range is indicated by a pink line 1 Press the TIMING key on th...

Страница 152: ...You can change the overview with the following steps 1 Press the VIEW DEFINE key on the front panel 2 Press the Overview Content side key and select the overview see Figure 3 31 H Waveform Amplitude v...

Страница 153: ...on the front panel VIEW DEFINE key VIEW SELECT key 2 Select a view to make the single display by pressing the SELECT key in the VIEW area The selected view is surrounded by a white box 3 Press the Sho...

Страница 154: ...ency and span as close to the measurement signal band as possible and finely adjust them The modulated signal will not be recognized unless frequency and span are set appropriately For information abo...

Страница 155: ...s are as follows H ASK signal measurement Measurement item AM Demod Span 500 kHz Acquisition Length 10 24 ms H FSK signal measurement Measurement item FM Demod Span 500 kHz Acquisition Length 10 24 ms...

Страница 156: ...0 modulation Meas Setup Menu The Meas Setup menu for the AM demod measurement contains the following control Carrier Amplitude Detection Selects how to calculate the amplitude of the carrier with no...

Страница 157: ...eq Error side key H Off Sets the carrier frequency using Frequency Offset described below Frequency Offset Sets the carrier frequency when Off is selected in Auto Carrier Enter the carrier offset from...

Страница 158: ...t contains the following control Threshold Sets the threshold level above which the input signal is determined to be a burst in time domain The burst detected first is used for the measure ment Range...

Страница 159: ...ws the I Q voltage versus time graph I and Q are indicated in yellow and green respectively The IQ level measurement has no Meas Setup menu items Overview Power versus Time Subview Spectrum Main view...

Страница 160: ...ysis Range on page 3 29 Figure 3 37 shows the pulse spectrum measurement The main view shows the pulse spectrum FFT for the analysis range The pulse spectrum measurement has no Meas Setup menu items O...

Страница 161: ...ee items in the Time menu H Transient Performs time variation measurement Refer to page 3 42 for details H CCDF Performs CCDF measurement Refer to page 3 46 for details H Pulse Measurements Performs p...

Страница 162: ...measurement signal band as possible and finely adjust them The modulated signal will not be recognized unless frequency and span are set appropriately For details on setting frequency span and amplitu...

Страница 163: ...an example The main view displays I Q voltage versus time I and Q are indicated in yellow and green respectively Overview Power versus Time Subview Spectrum Main view I Q voltage vs Time I and Q wavef...

Страница 164: ...l Observes signal power change over time Figure 3 40 shows an example The main view displays power level versus time Overview Power versus Time Subview Spectrum Main view Power versus Time Figure 3 40...

Страница 165: ...change over time Figure 3 41 shows an example The main view displays the frequency deviation from the center frequency versus time Overview Power versus Time Subview Spectrum Main view Frequency devia...

Страница 166: ...signals such as OFDM signals This function is useful in designing amplifiers for CDMA W CDMA and OFDM The CCDF analysis obtains the distribution of the amplitude of observed signals and makes a graph...

Страница 167: ...Setting Amplitude on page 3 69 a Press the FREQUENCY CHANNEL key on the front panel to set the frequency b Press the SPAN key on the front panel to set the span c Press the AMPLITUDE key on the front...

Страница 168: ...CDF calculation again from the beginning The calculation is performed accumulatively until this side key is pressed CCDF Auto Scaling Selects whether to fix the scale of the horizontal axis amplitude...

Страница 169: ...ment Reference line red Gaussian line blue Total number of power samples used to calculate the CCDF curve CCDF curve green Measurement results G Peak amplitude G Average amplitude G Crest factor CCDF...

Страница 170: ...overview the subview and the main view Overview Content Selects the content of the overview H Spectrogram H Waveform power versus time Refer to page 3 121 for information about setting the view scale...

Страница 171: ...during the pulse on H Repetition Interval Measures the time from a pulse rising edge to the next pulse rising edge H Duty Cycle Measures the ratio of the pulse width to the repetition interval H Pulse...

Страница 172: ...tics The pulse on and off times are fundamental parameters for pulse measurements These parameters are defined in Figure 3 46 The threshold is a level to detect a pulse relative to the maximum peak in...

Страница 173: ...t panel to set the frequency b Press the SPAN key on the front panel to set the span c Press the AMPLITUDE key on the front panel to set the amplitude For information about setting frequency span and...

Страница 174: ...he results H The results are not displayed in the Pulse Repetition Interval or the Duty Cycle measurement The observed pulse and the next one must be contiguous If either pulse is not recognized due t...

Страница 175: ...e Displays only the view selected by the VIEW SELECT key on the front panel H Multi Default Displays the overview subview and main view Overview Content Selects a view displayed in the overview H Wave...

Страница 176: ...l pulses with the horizontal axis representing the pulse number Figure 3 47 Setting for View Results For Displayed Measurement Determines whether to show the measurement result in the main view for ea...

Страница 177: ...menu to expand the measurement results and waveform view area on screen To recall the side menu press the key on the front panel When View Results For is A Single Pulse G Select a pulse with Select P...

Страница 178: ...EBW Meas Level For the EBW measurement only Specifies how far down from the peak level the bandwidth is measured Range 100 to 1 dB default 30 dB Counter Resolution For the Frequency Deviation measurem...

Страница 179: ...rection value using the Frequency Offset side key described below H Off Default Disables the frequency correction Frequency Offset Sets the frequency correction value when you select User in Frequency...

Страница 180: ...width Peak power On Off ratio Pulse ripple Repetition interval Duty cycle Pulse pulse phase Channel power OBW EBW Frequency deviation The green arrow indicates the pulse detection threshold MEAS SETUP...

Страница 181: ...nd Span This section describes frequency and span which are fundamental settings for observing the spectrum These items are set using the general purpose knob and the numeric input keypad You can also...

Страница 182: ...ight edge of the horizontal axis Numeric entry field Range 0 Hz to 8 GHz NOTE Start Freq and Stop Freq are available when the measurement mode Mode is set to spectrum analysis S A except real time The...

Страница 183: ...r setting frequency Controls span Span and frequency settings are shown in Figure 3 50 Span Sets span The available range depends on the measurement frequency band and mode as shown in Table 3 4 on pa...

Страница 184: ...D 2 FL CDMA2000 GSM BAND 2 RL CDMA2000 IMT2000 FL CDMA2000 IMT2000 RL CDMA2000 JTACS BAND FL CDMA2000 JTACS BAND RL CDMA2000 KOREA PCS FL CDMA2000 KOREA PCS RL CDMA2000 N A 700MHz Cellular FL CDMA2000...

Страница 185: ...Use the arrow keys A Y B to move the marker to another peak 3 Press the MARKER key and then the Center Freq Marker Freq side key The center frequency is set to the frequency at the marker position Cen...

Страница 186: ...Hz 50 Hz to 3 GHz 1 1 2 1 5 2 2 5 3 4 5 6 8 sequence RF3 RSA2208A 5 to 8 GHz Real Time S A Baseband Option 05 DC to 20 MHz 100 Hz to 20 MHz 1 2 5 sequence Demod Time RF RSA2203A 10 MHz to 3 GHz RF1 RS...

Страница 187: ...e maximum allowable span setting Center frequency Maximum allowable span setting for the analyzer Set span A part of the trace is not displayed in these two settings Center frequency Set span Set span...

Страница 188: ...rames For example when the span is 20 MHz one logical frame is composed from two 20 MHz 10 MHz scans When the span is below 10 MHz in the baseband and RF band one physical frame corresponds to one log...

Страница 189: ...Att RF Atten Mixer Rf Att Mixer Level RF Atten Mixer Mixer Vertical Scale Vertical Units Corrections Amplitude Offset Frequency Offset Amplitude Table Edit Table Interpolation Load Table Save Table Se...

Страница 190: ...to Level Automatically adjusts reference level for the best system perfor mance based on power measurement within the set span NOTE An input signal within 10 MHz of the center frequency may cause Auto...

Страница 191: ...Changes the RF attenuation level when RF Att is selected in RF Atten Mixer above Table 3 6 RF attenuation level setting Frequency band Attenuation level dBm RF RSA2203A RF1 RSA2208A 0 to 50 2 dB step...

Страница 192: ...etails of amplitude correction To set amplitude follow these steps 1 Press the AMPLITUDE key on the front panel 2 Set the reference level using the Ref Level side key 3 To best display the waveform au...

Страница 193: ...instrument is overloaded In this case data display is distorted and the measurement is not accurate If a signal larger than the reference level set value by 20 dB or more is applied continuously howev...

Страница 194: ...amplitude offset control is available Refer to page 3 81 for setting the offset Figure 3 57 shows the concept of amplitude correction In this example a signal with 80 dBm is sent to a preamplifier wit...

Страница 195: ...de correction value H Select Point To Edit Selects a row to be edited H Frequency Enters the frequency of a correction point H Amplitude Enters an amplitude correction value for the specified frequenc...

Страница 196: ...at Frequency 1 Amplitude correction value 1 Frequency 2 Amplitude correction value 2 Frequency 3 Amplitude correction value 3 Example The following amplitude correction file has correction data for th...

Страница 197: ...H Create the file as a text file and save it with the extension cor H The maximum number of input lines is 3000 H The order of correction data input is unimportant because the file is sorted when it...

Страница 198: ...5 for file handling a Press the Load Table side key to load the file b Press the Edit Table side key 4 To enter new data See Figure 3 59 a Press the Frequency side key and enter the frequency of a cor...

Страница 199: ...frequency of the point Amplitude Inputs correction value Done Editing Table Registers the input values and adds a line Clear Table Deletes all data in the table Figure 3 59 Amplitude correction data...

Страница 200: ...data input save the file as follows a Press the AMPLITUDE key on the front panel b Press the Corrections side key c Press the Save Table side key to specify the save file Refer to page 3 155 for file...

Страница 201: ...ns Amplitude Table On even if the table is not set H In the other modes Real Time S A Demod and Time The amplitude offset is always effective The default value is zero If you set the offset to a non z...

Страница 202: ...q Interpolation side key to select the scale for frequency interpolation Lin linear or Log logarithmic b Press the Ampl Interpolation side key to select the scale for amplitude interpolation Lin linea...

Страница 203: ...S A mode except Real Time S A Timing Menu Figure 3 63 shows the Timing menu structure Acquisition Length Spectrum Offset Acquisition Length Acquisition History Spectrum Length Spectrum Offset Analysi...

Страница 204: ...uisitions You can view previous acquisitions by selecting the acquisition history by block number Spectrum Length Displays the time length for FFT processing of the spectrum displayed in the subview I...

Страница 205: ...iew display FFT start point Main view display Spectrum Offset Spectrum Length Demod and Time modes only Figure 3 64 Timing parameters The Timing menu in the Real Time S A real time spectrum analysis m...

Страница 206: ...Time modes Analysis Length Same as in the Demod and Time modes Analysis Offset Same as in the Demod and Time modes Frequency Center Sets the frequency of the center of analysis area Frequency Width S...

Страница 207: ...e gaps appear between frames The shorter the frame cycle the more precisely you can observe the spectrum waveform variation in time You can acquire frames without gaps when the span setting is below 1...

Страница 208: ...Setting Timing Parameters 3 88 RSA2203A RSA2208A User Manual...

Страница 209: ...parameters H Mode Selects free run or triggered acquisition H Repeat Determines whether to acquire data continuously or singly H Source Selects a trigger signal source H Level Sets a trigger level H...

Страница 210: ...ilable when the measurement mode is set to Real Time S A Demod or Time Repeat Mode Repeat Stop and Show Results Mode Triggered Source Save on Trigger Save Count Save Count Limit Continuous Single Free...

Страница 211: ...s Repeatedly acquires and displays the waveform Acquisition data will be overwritten while waiting for a new trigger event Use the Single setting if you will need to examine or reanalyze the measureme...

Страница 212: ...ch might not fill a whole block In either case press RUN STOP again to restart acquisition Source Selects a trigger source when the trigger mode is Triggered H Level Full BW Default Uses the internal...

Страница 213: ...ion H Fall and Rise The trigger occurs at the falling edge of the trigger signal to acquire the first block and at the rising edge to acquire the next block The rising and falling edges alternate at e...

Страница 214: ...a acquisition Display Time Trigger Free Run Single Press the RUN STOP key Triggered Continuous Time Data acquisition Display Display Triggered Single Data acquisition Press the RUN STOP key Press the...

Страница 215: ...ontrol the Save on Trigger function Save On Trigger Enables and disables the Save on Trigger function H On Enables the Save on Trigger function H Off Default Disables the Save on Trigger function Save...

Страница 216: ...erence level is set to 3 dBm 3 dBm becomes the full scale of the A D converter If the trigger level is set to 100 a trigger will occur when a signal with a level higher than 3 dBm is applied The Figur...

Страница 217: ...ou can see that the voltage at the largest peak is more than twice the voltage of the original signals On the frequency axis of Figure C only signals of size 1 are generated at 1 Hz 3 Hz and 5 Hz The...

Страница 218: ...MHz the bandwidth of approximately 15 MHz is the detection target of IF trigger Note that as shown in Figure 3 74 any signal exceeding the trigger level outside the range of 1 MHz of span activates t...

Страница 219: ...modulation analysis and the Time time analysis modes O indicating the trigger output time can be also displayed in the Timing field on the overview The default status for O is off Follow these steps...

Страница 220: ...Trigger 3 100 RSA2203A RSA2208A User Manual...

Страница 221: ...r ris 4B type However for the pulse measurements in the Time mode you can select Nyquist or Blackman Harris 4B refer to RBW FFT Menu on page 3 55 The Demod and Time modes have no RBW process The adjus...

Страница 222: ...lowing controls in the Spectrum Analyzer and the S A with Spctrogram modes RBW FFT Selects whether to set RBW and FFT parameters automatically or manually H Auto Sets RBW automatically with the span s...

Страница 223: ...d Res Off as its default condition When RBW FFT is set to FFT FFT Points Selects FFT sample point numbers per frame when RBW FFT is set to FFT Range 64 to 65536 in increments of 2n Higher numbers prov...

Страница 224: ...the start point of the 1024 point FFT frame by the number of samples from the previous frame see Figure 3 79 Range 1 to 1024 samples in increments of 2n FFT Overlap Displays the amount of overlap betw...

Страница 225: ...spurious signal comes from the input signal or the instrument The number of FFT points is normally limited to 8192 internally to avoid displaying internally generated spurious signals However you can...

Страница 226: ...litude of the frequency components In FFT windows the frequency resolution is inversely proportional to the amplitude accuracy Select a proper window according to the measurement items and characteris...

Страница 227: ...pe Frequency Time domain data FFT window Time Time domain data resulting after windowing process Frequency domain data FFT Figure 3 81 Windowing process of time domain data Generally window frequency...

Страница 228: ...cy resolution is improved by reducing the width of the main lobe window H Accuracy of the amplitude levels of frequency components is improved by reducing side lobe level relative to the main lobe The...

Страница 229: ...th Bandpass filter Blackman 100 0 dB 20 40 60 80 1 642 58 dB 1 726757 Hamming 0 dB 20 40 60 80 1 302 43 dB 1 362826 Hanning 0 dB 20 40 60 80 100 1 438 32 dB 1 5 Parzen 0 dB 20 40 60 80 100 1 27 27 dB...

Страница 230: ...ont Window Equivalent noise bandwidth Maximum side lobe 3 dB bandwidth Bandpass filter Sine Cubed 0 dB 20 40 60 80 100 1 654 39 dB 1 734891 Sine to the 4th 0 dB 20 40 60 80 100 120 1 85 47 dB 1 944444...

Страница 231: ...on You can save waveform data in files and load them as Trace 1 or 2 NOTE Trace comparison display and average function are available in the spectrum analysis S A mode except Real Time S A Trace 1 yel...

Страница 232: ...Trace n Save Trace n 1 2 On Freeze Off Normal Average MaxHold MinHold Max Min Max Min Load From File menu Refer to Saving a File on page 3 158 Save To File menu Refer to Loading a File on page 3 162...

Страница 233: ...as the weighting factor Triggered and Single mode RMS Averages traces accumulating up to Number of Averages then stops the acquisition until the next trigger event occurs Reset Average Causes trace ac...

Страница 234: ...trol Specifies the action when more than Average Count measurement results are generated H Expo Continues the average with an exponential weighting applied to old values H Repeat Clears average data a...

Страница 235: ...es RMS Root mean square Used when acquiring data in single mode N frames average then the acquisition stops X p n x p n for n 1 for 2 n N X p n x p N for n N X p n n 1 X p n 1 x p n n Exponential RMS...

Страница 236: ...o select 1 5 Press the Trace 1 Type side key and select Average for example 6 Press the Number of Averages side key and set 64 for example 7 Press the RUN STOP key to acquire data 8 Press the Reset Av...

Страница 237: ...ide key and select Normal 4 Display Trace 2 as the averaged waveform a Press the Select Trace side key to select 2 b Press the Trace 2 Type side key and select Average Max Hold or Min Hold The wavefor...

Страница 238: ...rce file The trace is automatically frozen For information about file operations refer to page 3 155 and subsequent pages Trace Compression Although waveform data are acquired as 1024 points per frame...

Страница 239: ...n screen corresponds to each pixel Compress Bin Invalid data Frame Valid data Invalid data Figure 3 86 Relationships between frame bin and pixel There are three types of compression methods Max Min an...

Страница 240: ...el Pixel data on screen Acquired data points Min Acquires the minimum value of data points corresponding to each pixel Pixel data on screen Acquired data points Pixel data on screen Acquired data poin...

Страница 241: ...ects a view when displaying two or three views on screen The view switches each time you press this key The selected view is surrounded with a white box Selects a view style format and content The men...

Страница 242: ...multiple views on the screen follow these steps 1 Select a view by pressing the VIEW SELECT key The selected view is surrounded by a white frame 2 If necessary change a multiple view display to a sing...

Страница 243: ...value and the scale of the vertical axis automatically to fit the waveform to the screen Horizontal Scale Sets the range of the horizontal axis Horizontal Start Sets the minimum value left edge of the...

Страница 244: ...ical axis Range 87 to 89088 frames Vertical Start Sets the start frame number for the vertical axis Color Scale Sets the scale value subtracting the minimum power value from the maximum power value of...

Страница 245: ...Setting Views RSA2203A RSA2208A User Manual 3 125 Vertical Size Vertical Start Color Scale Color Stop Horizontal Scale Horizontal Start Figure 3 90 Scale and format settings in spectrogram view...

Страница 246: ...91 Auto Scale Sets the start value and the scale of the vertical axis automatically to fit the waveform to the screen Horizontal Scale Sets the range of the horizontal axis Horizontal Start Sets the m...

Страница 247: ...izontal Scale Horizontal Start Vertical axis AM modulation factor FM frequency deviation PM phase deviation or IQ level AM modulation factor shown Vertical axis Power Horizontal Scale Horizontal Start...

Страница 248: ...vertical axis automatical ly to fit the waveform to the screen Horizontal Scale Sets the range of the horizontal axis Horizontal Start Sets the minimum value left edge of the horizontal axis Vertical...

Страница 249: ...of lines horizontal line and vertical line as shown in Figure 3 93 In the S A mode other than Real Time S A you can display one or two of each line You can display the horizontal and vertical lines c...

Страница 250: ...3 94 Lines menu structure other than Real Time S A The Lines menu in the S A mode other than the Real Time S A has the following controls Show Line Selects the display line to be controlled H Horizon...

Страница 251: ...ct 1 Press the Line 1 side key and move the line H To display two horizontal lines Press the Number Of Line side key to select 2 Press the Line 1 side key and move line 1 Line 2 moves in parallel Pres...

Страница 252: ...side key to select 1 Press the Line 1 side key and move the line H To display two vertical lines Press the Number Of Line side key to select 2 Press the Line 1 side key and move line 1 Line 2 moves in...

Страница 253: ...the amplitude and frequency lines The spectrogram uses the time and frequency lines The display lines are placed at regular intervals from the reference line Frequency display lines blue Frequency ref...

Страница 254: ...the view see Figure 3 97 Spectrum view Amplitude Line Amplitude Line Offset Amplitude Line Interval Frequency Line Frequency Line Offset Frequency Line Interval View Lines Readout Off On Spectrogram v...

Страница 255: ...r frequency the reference line is at center screen Frequency Line Interval Sets the interval of the frequency display lines Range 0 to full span the default is 0 Hz View Lines Readout Determines wheth...

Страница 256: ...Display Line 3 136 RSA2203A RSA2208A User Manual...

Страница 257: ...is refer to Spectrum Analysis S A mode on page 3 1 One or two markers active and fixed and or a reference cursor can be displayed on the screen as shown in Figure 3 99 Active marker Reference cursor F...

Страница 258: ...nce Cursor Off Selected Marker Off Step Size Marker X All Markers Off Assign Marker X to Trace Center Freq Marker Freq 1 2 Off Single Delta 1 2 S A mode only Peak Search Freq Threshold Demod and Time...

Страница 259: ...me modes only Sets the origin of an analysis range with the marker in the overview For the detail refer to Setting the Analysis Range on page 3 29 Positions the marker to the highest peak signal Moves...

Страница 260: ...rker X to Trace When two traces are being displayed moves the selected marker to another trace with the same horizontal position Available only if two traces are being displayed Peak Search Freq Thres...

Страница 261: ...l 2 Press the Makers side key to select Single Only Marker 1 is enabled Note that the Marker X Position menu item is already selected 3 Rotate the general purpose knob or enter the value using the num...

Страница 262: ...keypad to move the active marker to the reference point 4 Change the active marker by pressing the Select Marker side key to select 2 5 Rotate the general purpose knob or enter the value using the ke...

Страница 263: ...he cursor at the marker position Demod and Time modes only On the overview you can also place the reference cursor at a trigger output position with the Reference Cursor to Trigger side key 5 Press th...

Страница 264: ...ctrum analysis mode two traces are shown when Trace 2 is turned on using the TRACE AVG menu In DEMOD modulation analysis mode and TIME time analysis mode two traces are shown in IQ vs Time view I leve...

Страница 265: ...shows a concurrent display of the spectrum and the spectrogram If you move the marker to the left on the spectrum the marker on the spectrogram moves to the left in accordance with that movement Conve...

Страница 266: ...ignal A Moves the marker lower in frequency to the next signal Moves the marker higher in frequency to the next signal Y Moves the marker higher in amplitude to the next signal B Moves the marker lowe...

Страница 267: ...d is set to 1 kHz the next peak is recognized only if it is 1 kHz or more distant from the first peak see Figure 3 107 Example Peak Search Freq Threshold 1 kHz Not recognized as a peak 1 kHz The marke...

Страница 268: ...Marker Operation and Peak Search 3 148 RSA2203A RSA2208A User Manual...

Страница 269: ...help The help system provides information about operating this analyzer providing the following help resources online H Front panel key descriptions H Online user manual H Online programmer manual Dis...

Страница 270: ...le press the MEASURE key to show information about that key see Figure 3 108 Press the front panel key to show the description of that key Figure 3 108 Online help for the front panel key H If you sel...

Страница 271: ...he next topic up Scrolls the display up MARKERS B Selects the next topic down Scrolls the display down MARKERS A Moves to the next level up Scrolls the display to the left MARKERS Moves to the next le...

Страница 272: ...lick the topic in the contents window to show the description Using a keyboard select a topic or enter a search word see Figure 3 110 Use the arrow keys to move the cursor and the enter key to accept...

Страница 273: ...e front panel See Figure 2 1 on page 2 2 for the front panel connectors H Cal Uses the internal 50 MHz calibration signal as the signal source Refer to Functional Check on page 1 14 for using the cal...

Страница 274: ...Selecting Input Source 3 154 RSA2203A RSA2208A User Manual...

Страница 275: ...the analyzer any time by loading the settings from this file H IQT Data file A file used to save time domain waveform data acquired on the data memory in the Demod Modulation Analysis and the Time Ti...

Страница 276: ...t Block Current Area Load From File Menu Select File Load File Now Folder Load from XXXA Load from XXXB Load from XXXC Save To File Menu Filename Save File Now Folder Save to XXXA Save to XXXB Save to...

Страница 277: ...form data or instrument settings to a file Save State Saves the instrument settings Save Data Real Time S A only Saves waveform IQ data in the time domain Save Data Demod and Time modes only Saves wav...

Страница 278: ...ress the SAVE key on the front panel 2 Press one of the following side keys depending on the type of data to save Table 3 15 File save operation Meas mode Side key Save content Ext S A t R l Ti Save S...

Страница 279: ...eset file lower right of the screen There are three preset names for each file type as shown in Table 3 16 Table 3 16 Preset file names File type Save file name State sta StateA StateB StateC Data iqt...

Страница 280: ...lder H Close Folder closes the selected folder H Done accepts the selected file Open Folder Opens the selected folder Select Folder Selects a folder using the knob Open Folder Closes the selected fold...

Страница 281: ...the letter R and then press the ENTER key H Press the ABC number 8 key once to select the letter A and then press the ENTER key H Press the ABC number 8 key three times to select the letter C and the...

Страница 282: ...ce 1 waveform trc Load Trace 2 Trace 2 waveform trc Load Correction Amplitude correction data cor Real Time S A D d Ti Load State Instrument settings sta Demod or Time Load Data Acquired data in time...

Страница 283: ...he file press the Load File Now side key See Figure 3 117 The data is loaded from the specified file Select File Selects a file using the knob Load File Now Loads the data from the specified file Fold...

Страница 284: ...ed above each key For example the 8 key inputs A B and C as well as 8 Each time you press the key the selected character moves through the list A B C 8 H CAPS LOCK key toggles a character between uppe...

Страница 285: ...name SA 4 Press the MNO key on the keypad once to enter M Filename SAM 5 Enter the remaining characters in the same way Filename SAMPLE1 If you make a mistake you can correct it any time before pressi...

Страница 286: ...t using Windows on the analyzer Refer to Windows documentation for additional information about operating Windows Making Deleting a Directory You can make or delete a directory using Windows but not u...

Страница 287: ...file structure The file is normally created after data acquisition is complete When logging data is acquired continuously a data block is added each time the data is acquired In data logging since th...

Страница 288: ...the order of the other items is not fixed and some new items may be added 40416Type WCA380IQT NOTE not RSA2208AIQT but WCA380IQT FrameReverse Off FramePadding Before Band RF3 MemoryMode Zoom FFTPoint...

Страница 289: ...latest acquired frame FramePadding The analyzer adds dummy frames when acquired frames do not fill BlockSize block size Figure 3 120 shows the dummy frames The FramePadding parameter is always set to...

Страница 290: ...of frames in the data block This value divided by MultiFrames represents the number of frames that are scanned and synthe sized into one frame FramePeriod Shows the frame period setting in seconds Th...

Страница 291: ...is indicated by ValidFrames in the file header The frame order is determined by FrameReverse in the file header Frame header Frame data Frame header Frame data Frame header Frame data Frame header Fra...

Страница 292: ...short reserved2 Internal use only short triggered Indicates whether the frame is before or after the trigger H 0 Indicates that the frame is before the trigger pre trigger H 1 Indicates that the frame...

Страница 293: ...d to 2 byte signed integers and then written in the file Amplitude The amplitude is calculated using i and q in the IQT file using these formulas i i IOffset q q QOffset Amplitude 10 ln i i q q ln 10...

Страница 294: ...culated using the following formulas Be careful about the sign for phase correction Amplitude Original data Gain correction data 128 dBm Phase Original data Phase correction data 128 degree Definition...

Страница 295: ...22 Trace file structure XNum 641 XRightLabel Span XStart 1 9995G XScale 1 0015625M XUnit Hz ZNum 1 YStart 100 XLeftLabel Center UpdateAreas 1 YUnit dBm NBW 3 13180146596413k YMiddleUnit dB YScale 100...

Страница 296: ...cy XStart Required Represents the minimum left edge of the horizontal axis XScale Required Represents the scale of the horizontal axis XUnit Represents the unit of the horizontal axis fixed to Hz ZNum...

Страница 297: ...eader Power 1 tab Mask 1 Power 2 tab Mask 2 Power 3 tab Mask 3 Number indicated by XNum Power N tab Mask N Figure 3 124 Data block Part of the data block might look like this 100 875531204 0 111 25351...

Страница 298: ...File Format 3 178 RSA2203A RSA2208A User Manual...

Страница 299: ...nt Menu The Print menu contains the following controls Print now Save screen to file Background color Printer Black White Figure 3 125 Print menu structure Print now Starts printing a copy of the anal...

Страница 300: ...izard Refer to the printer manual for the installation method Refer to page 2 26 for using Windows XP To print a copy of the analyzer screen follow these steps 1 Press the PRINT key on the front panel...

Страница 301: ...color set in step 1 4 Press the Save screen to file side key The file selection screen appears 5 Do one of the following to output the screen image to a specified file H Using a preset file name Pres...

Страница 302: ...Screen Copy 3 182 RSA2203A RSA2208A User Manual...

Страница 303: ...Appendices...

Страница 304: ......

Страница 305: ...the performance requirements for those characteris tics The specifications are common to RSA2203A and RSA2208A unless otherwise noted Unless otherwise stated the following tables of electrical charact...

Страница 306: ...rier frequency measurement 14 kHz At specified frequency Option 05 Frequency 10 MHz Span 1 MHz without Option 10 Marker 1 kHz Carrier frequency measurement 50 Hz Frequency 10 MHz Span 1 MHz with Optio...

Страница 307: ...112 dBc Hz 130 dBc Hz 132 dBc Hz 133 dBc Hz 1 kHz 10 kHz 20 kHz 30 kHz 100 kHz 1 MHz 5 MHz 7 MHz Frequency 2000 MHz 95 dBc Hz 104 dBc Hz 105 dBc Hz 105 dBc Hz 112 dBc Hz 130 dBc Hz 132 dBc Hz 132 dBc...

Страница 308: ...Hz 133 dBc Hz 1 kHz 10 kHz 20 kHz 30 kHz 100 kHz 1 MHz 5 MHz 7 MHz Table A 4 Input Characteristics Description Signal input Input connector N type Input impedance 50 VSWR 1 4 2 5 GHz RF attenuation 1...

Страница 309: ...t 10 to 40 _C 1 5 dB RF RF1 2 0 dB RF2 RSA2208A only 2 0 dB RF3 RSA2208A only 0 7 dB Baseband 1 to 20 MHz Option 05 Absolute amplitude accuracy at calibration point 0 dB attenuation 20 to 30 _C 0 5 dB...

Страница 310: ...ency 7 to 7 7 GHz RSA2208A only Table A 7 Spurious response Characteristics Description Image Suppression Typical 1st IF 75 dB RF RF1 70 dB RF2 RF3 RSA2208A only 2nd and 3rd IF 80 dB RF RF1 75 dB RF2...

Страница 311: ...10 MHz Real time capture bandwidth RF 10 MHz Baseband 20 MHz Option 05 only Table A 9 Sampling rate Characteristics Description Sampling rate Real Time S A Demod and Time modes 10 MHz span 12 8 Msps 5...

Страница 312: ...d Time modes 20 MHz span Baseband only 40 ms 10 MHz span 80 ms 5 MHz span 160 ms 2 MHz span 320 ms 1 MHz span 640 ms 500 kHz span 1 28 ms 200 kHz span 3 2 ms 100 kHz span 6 4 ms 50 kHz span 12 8 ms 20...

Страница 313: ...to 90 MHz span 10 kHz 20 to 40 MHz span 10 kHz 10 MHz span 1 kHz 5 MHz span 1 kHz 2 MHz span 1 kHz 1 MHz span 1 kHz 500 kHz span 500 Hz 200 kHz span 200 Hz 100 kHz span 100 Hz 50 kHz span 50 Hz 20 kHz...

Страница 314: ...Trigger marker position timing uncertainty 2 sample points Table A 14 Measurement function Characteristics Description S A mode Noise power Channel power Adjacent channel power ratio Occupied bandwidt...

Страница 315: ...t Active Average Max hold Min hold View and Off Display line Horizontal line 1 and 2 Vertical line 1 and 2 Table A 17 Controller and interface Characteristics Description Controller CPU Intel Pentium...

Страница 316: ...ator replaceable Cosel supply 2 A Time delayed 250 V not operator replaceable Heat dissipation Maximum power 350 VA Maximum line current 5 A rms at 50 Hz 90 V line with 5 clipping Surge current Maximu...

Страница 317: ...cs Description Temperature Operating 10 to 40 _C Nonoperating 20 to 60 _C Relative humidity Operating and nonoperating 20 to 80 no condensation maximum wet bulb temperature 29 _C Altitude Operating Up...

Страница 318: ...tions Act per the following standard s AS NZS 2064 1 2 Industrial Scientific and Medical Equipment 1992 To ensure compliance with EMC requirements only high quality shielded cables having a reliable c...

Страница 319: ...1 No pollution or only dry nonconductive pollution occurs Products in this category are generally encapsulated hermetically sealed or located in clean rooms Pollution Degree 2 Normally only dry nonco...

Страница 320: ...Appendix A Specifications A 16 RSA2203A RSA2208A User Manual...

Страница 321: ...menu keys as illustrated in Figure B 1 The menu keys are divided into the following groups H MEASUREMENT H DISPLAY H MODE H MARKERS H VIEW H UTILITY Some of the submenus are used for programming or s...

Страница 322: ...fAtt Mixer None CDMA2000 EU PAMR400 FL CDMA2000 EU PAMR400 RL CDMA2000 EU PAMR800 FL CDMA2000 EU PAMR800 RL CDMA2000 GSM BAND 1 FL CDMA2000 GSM BAND 1 RL CDMA2000 GSM BAND 2 FL CDMA2000 GSM BAND 2 RL...

Страница 323: ...senfield BlackmanHarris3A BlackmanHarris3B BlackmanHarris4A BlackmanHarris4B FlatTop Off On Select Trace Trace n Trace n Type Number Of Averages Trace n Type Average Number Of Traces to Hold Trace n T...

Страница 324: ...en Mixer Mixer Corrections Amplitude Offset Auto RfAtt Mixer Real Time S A Demod and Time Modes Real Time S A Acquisition Length Spectrum Offset Demod and Time modes Acquisition Length Acquisition His...

Страница 325: ...rnal Slope Position Free Run Triggered Continuous Single Level External On Off On Off Rise Fall Rise and Fall Fall and Rise Demod and Time Modes Average Average Count Average Term Control Off On Expo...

Страница 326: ...ursion Scroll Table ACPR S A Mode C N OBW Carrier Frequency EBW Spurious Rect Gaussian Nyquist Root Nyquist Rect Gaussian Nyquist Root Nyquist Rect Gaussian Nyquist Root Nyquist The arrow indicates th...

Страница 327: ...tion Threshold Channel Bandwidth OBW Power Ratio EBW Meas Level Counter Resolution P P Phase Time Offset Measurement Filter Filter Bandwidth for Gaussian filter Filter Parameter for Gaussian filter Fr...

Страница 328: ...Time CCDF Mode only Peak Search Hor Threshold Real Time S A with Zoom Mode Center Freq Marker Freq Analysis Time Marker Time Center Zoom Marker Freq Display View Menu 1 of 2 Spectrum view Auto Scale H...

Страница 329: ...ak Power On Off Ratio Pulse Ripple Repetition Interval Duty Cycle Pulse Pulse Phase Channel Power OBW EBW Frequency Deviation A Single Pulse All Pulses Pulse Width Results Peak Power Results On Off Ra...

Страница 330: ...y Change Option Key Angular Units Phase Degrees Radians Print now Save screen to file Background color Printer Black White Real Time S A Demod and Time modes Load State Load Data S A mode except Real...

Страница 331: ...for damage wear and missing parts using Table C 1 as a guide Instruments that appear to have been dropped or otherwise abused should be checked thoroughly to verify correct operation and perfor mance...

Страница 332: ...free cloth or a soft bristle brush If dirt remains use a cloth or swab dampened with a 75 isopropyl alcohol solution A swab is useful for cleaning in narrow spaces around the controls and connectors D...

Страница 333: ...GHz H Option 05 DC 20 MHz baseband frequency extension H Option 10 OCXO high stability reference oscillator 1 10 9 H Option 12 USB keyboard and mouse H Option C3 Calibration service 3 years H Option C...

Страница 334: ...ble D 1 Power cord identification Plug configuration Normal usage Option number North America 120 V A0 Universal Euro 230 V A1 United Kingdom 230 V A2 Australia 240 V A3 North America 240 V A4 Switzer...

Страница 335: ...5 XX Front cover 200 A524 XX Operating system restore floppy disk 063 3832 XX Optional Accessories You can order the accessories listed in Table D 3 to use with your analyzer Table D 3 Optional access...

Страница 336: ...Appendix D Options and Accessories D 4 RSA2203A RSA2208A User Manual...

Страница 337: ...Glossary...

Страница 338: ......

Страница 339: ...signal the modulating signal Analysis Time A subset of time contiguous samples from one Block Time used as input to an Analysis View Analysis View Any view which produces measurement results except fo...

Страница 340: ...s referenced to 1 microvolt Decibel dB Ten times the logarithm of the ratio of one electrical power to another Depth of Modulation The difference between the maximum and the minimum of the RF envelope...

Страница 341: ...n their frequencies Frame A series of time contiguous samples long enough in duration and at a sufficient sample rate to produce a spectrum view of a specified span and RBW Frequency The rate at which...

Страница 342: ...on screen control is grayed out if it is not adjustable Import Bring data into the application from a file of some format other than application native Input Impedance The impedance at the desired inp...

Страница 343: ...ture which captures the minimum signal amplitude at all displayed frequencies over a series of sweeps Modulate To regulate or vary a characteristic of a signal Modulating Signal The signal which modul...

Страница 344: ...ce Level The signal level required to deflect the CRT display to the top graticule line Residual FM Incidental FM Short term displayed frequency instability or jitter due to instability in the spectru...

Страница 345: ...gnal wherein it is represented by displaying its frequency distribution Spectrum Analysis The technique or process of determining the frequency distribution of a signal Spectrum Analyzer A device for...

Страница 346: ...Glossary Glossary 8 RSA2203A RSA2208A User Manual...

Страница 347: ...Index...

Страница 348: ......

Страница 349: ...arrier frequency measurement 3 13 Caution RF INPUT 1 12 CCDF Time mode 3 46 view setting 3 128 Center offset calibration 1 24 Changing overview 3 32 Channel power measurement 3 5 Channel table using 3...

Страница 350: ...es 3 166 files 3 166 How to display averaged waveforms 3 116 data by trigger and repeat modes 3 94 horizontal display line 3 131 multiple views 3 122 online help 3 149 options 2 24 trace 1 and 2 3 114...

Страница 351: ...Time mode 3 41 Menu Amplitude 3 69 amplitude correction 3 75 Average 3 112 basic operation 2 16 FFT 3 102 Frequency 3 62 front panel keys 2 3 Help 3 149 Input 3 153 Lines 3 130 Lines Real Time S A 3...

Страница 352: ...eamless acquisition 3 87 SELECT MARKERS 3 139 Setting analysis range 3 29 Setup display 2 12 Side keys 2 3 Side panel 2 5 Signal amplitude limit 1 12 Signal processing 1 6 Single trigger 3 91 Single v...

Страница 353: ...mode 3 91 Troubleshooting 1 19 Tutorial 2 29 U UNCAL 1 12 Unpacking 1 9 USB connectors side panel 2 6 V Vector mode span 3 68 Vector span 3 68 Version displaying 2 24 VGA output connector side panel 2...

Страница 354: ...Index Index 6 RSA2203A RSA2208A User Manual...

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