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UM2243 Rev 2

23/41

UM2243

Static current measurement principle

40

9 

Static current measurement principle

The static measurement mode allows a stable current to be measured over a wide range 
from 1 nA to 200 mA, with an accuracy of better than 2%.To use this mode properly, the 
target board current should not vary by more than 10% of its average value during 
measurement acquisition.

It is also recommended to remove JP4 jumper (additional 2.2 µF capacitor needed for 
dynamic measurement) especially for current consumption measurements below 50 nA.

Figure 16. Static current measurement principle

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The static current measurement principle is based on a shunt method: due to Ohm’s law, the 
current flowing in the shunt resistor causes a voltage drop (Vi in static current measurement 
principle) to occur. This voltage is amplified by a differential amplifier to deliver a voltage in 
single-ended mode referenced to ground. The voltage is converted by one analog-to-digital 
converter (ADC) of the embedded MCU, and is finally processed to deliver the current 
measurement information. 

To allow a wide dynamic range, the STM32L496 MCU’s firmware first performs an auto-
calibration, then switches-in the appropriate shunt resistor among five (ranging from few 
hundred milliohms for high current measurement, to several kiloohms for the highest ohmic 
shunt) in order to read the appropriate value on the ADC. This circuitry is designed to not 
exceed 60 mV dropout on VOUT. In other words, if the output voltage (VDD) is set at 3.3 V, 
VOUT does not drop below 3.24 V during static measurements.

Содержание X-NUCLEO-LPM01A

Страница 1: ...0 mA with 100 kHz bandwidth The X NUCLEO LPM01A operates either in standalone mode using its LCD joystick and button to display static measurements or in controlled mode connected to a host PC via USB using the STM32CubeMonitor Power software tool with its comprehensive graphical user interface It can be used to supply and measure the consumption of STM32 Nucleo 32 Nucleo 64 or Nucleo 144 boards u...

Страница 2: ...arger 14 7 3 Power source from an external DC power supply 15 7 4 Power source from the 5 V pin of the Arduino Uno or Arduino Nano connectors 16 7 5 X NUCLEO LPM01A power consumption 16 8 Power supply connections of a target board 17 8 1 Settings for use of the Arduino Uno connectors with Nucleo64 and Nucleo144 use cases 19 8 2 Settings for use of the Arduino Nano connectors in a Nucleo32 use case...

Страница 3: ...tor used with Arduino Nano connectors 34 14 3 Switch to select the type of daughterboard 34 15 How to adapt an STM32L432 Nucleo 32 Nucleo 64 Nucleo 144 to power the MCU from the Arduino AREF pin 35 15 1 How to adapt an STM32L432 Nucleo 32 to power the MCU from the Arduino AREF pin 35 15 2 How to adapt an STM32L476 Nucleo 64 to power the MCU from the Arduino AREF pin 35 15 3 How to adapt an STM32L4...

Страница 4: ...Contents UM2243 4 41 UM2243 Rev 2 17 Reference documents 39 18 Revision history 40 ...

Страница 5: ...able 1 Ordering Information 9 Table 2 Power input source setting summary 13 Table 3 Power output related jumper and connector settings 17 Table 4 Pin description of the basic connector CN14 22 Table 5 Reference documents 39 Table 6 Document revision history 40 ...

Страница 6: ... board 19 Figure 13 STM32 Nucleo64 target board plugged into the X NUCLEO LPM01A 20 Figure 14 STM32 Nucleo32 target board plugged into the X NUCLEO LPM01A 21 Figure 15 Basic connector CN14 22 Figure 16 Static current measurement principle 23 Figure 17 Dynamic current block diagram 24 Figure 18 Embedded user interfaces elements 27 Figure 19 Arduino D7 trigger signal from target schematics 29 Figure...

Страница 7: ... 165 mW Energy measurement computation by power measurement time integration Target board connections Arduino Nano connector for example to connect a Nucleo 32 Arduino Uno connector for example to connect a Nucleo 64 or a Nucleo 144 Basic connector for wire connection to any target board Expansion board power supply input sources selectable via jumper through USB micro B External power Ext Pwr con...

Страница 8: ...n Example E or ES marking locations On the targeted STM32 that is soldered on the board for illustrations of STM32 marking refer to the applicable STM32 datasheet at www st com Next to the evaluation tool ordering part number This is stuck to or silkscreen printed on the board This board features a specific STM32 device version which allows the operation of any stack or library This STM32 device s...

Страница 9: ...expansion board can be controlled by a computer through a USB port A computer driver for the USB virtual COM port VCP is required The STM32 Virtual COM Port Driver reference code STSW STM32102 can be downloaded from www st com The board can be controlled either Via a COM port terminal with commands Type the command help for a list of commands available For more information on commands please refer...

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Страница 12: ...Hardware layout and configuration UM2243 12 41 UM2243 Rev 2 Figure 4 X NUCLEO LPM01A layout bottom view 06Y 9 ƌĚƵŝŶŽ hŶŽ Eϯ Eϰ Eϴ EϵͿ 1 Picture is not contractual ...

Страница 13: ...he X NUCLEO LPM01A board must be powered by a power supply unit or by an auxiliary equipment complying with the standard EN 60950 1 2006 A11 2009 and must be Safety Extra Low Voltage SELV with limited power capability 7 1 Power source from an USB host port default setting A jumper should be inserted in the USB position of JP3 as shown in Figure 5 JP3 USB setting No jumper should be inserted in JP2...

Страница 14: ... peripherals are supplied and the target board can be supplied from USB connector CN5 regardless of whether or not USB enumeration succeed If an abnormal current higher than 600 mA is drawn by the X NUCLEO LPM01A from USB connector CN5 an embedded current protection clamps the current and an LED LD5 USB FS over current LED lights up until the over current is removed See Figure 3 X NUCLEO LPM01A la...

Страница 15: ... pins as shown in Figure 7 Nevertheless the X NUCLEO LPM01A has a series connected reverse polarity protection diode to prevent damage in the event of an inadvertent reversed polarity connection see Figure 2 Hardware block diagram Figure 7 06Y 9 džƚ н ϳͲϭϬs ϱϬϬ ŵ ŵŝŶ н Ͳ JP3 and CN7 Ext Pwr setting Note The X NUCLEO LPM01A external voltage range has been limited to 10 V maximum to limit self heatin...

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Страница 17: ...2 MCU In other words it allows the removal of quiescent or leakage current of board peripherals like the on board ST LINK debugger voltage regulator and so on without removing peripheral ICs from the target board Reciprocally power supplied to a target board through Arduino Uno or Nano via the 3 3 V power pin supplies the complete target board and its peripherals Table 3 Power output related jumpe...

Страница 18: ... capacitance on the power output voltage VOUT It is recommended to keep JP4 jumper inserted most of the time to avoid X NUCLEO LPM01A dynamic measurement oscillation especially when the target board has a decoupling capacitance of less than 1 µF on its input power supply path Figure 10 Pins AREF and 3V3 of Arduino Uno connectors CN4 and CN3 06Y 9 Z ŽƵƚƉƵƚ ϯsϯ ŽƵƚƉƵƚ Figure 11 Pins AREF and 3V3 of ...

Страница 19: ...to the targeted Nucleo board User Manual to adapt the board to be supplied from AREF See example in 15 1 How to adapt an STM32L432 Nucleo 32 to power the MCU from the Arduino AREF pin The power sources and the USB connector of the X NUCLEO LPM01A must first be disconnected to avoid any electrical conflict or damage Then apply the correct X NUCLEO LPM01A jumper settings for JP9 JP10 and JP4 followi...

Страница 20: ... to power the MCU from the Arduino AREF pin This adaptation is needed to supply power to the STM32 MCU only so that only the MCU consumption is measured In other words this adaptation removes the consumption of peripherals such as ST LINK The power sources and the USB connector of the X NUCLEO LPM01A must first be disconnected to avoid any electrical conflict or damage Then apply the correct X NUC...

Страница 21: ...UM2243 Rev 2 21 41 UM2243 Power supply connections of a target board 40 Figure 14 STM32 Nucleo32 target board plugged into the X NUCLEO LPM01A ...

Страница 22: ...ING pin4 is a buffered copy of the output voltage VOUT It can be used to monitor VOUT with a voltmeter or oscilloscope without impacting the current power measurements Alternatively VOUT_MONITORING can be used as a reference with a voltage divider to generate a bias voltage without impacting the current consumption Note VOUT_MONITORING output has 150 ohms serial resistance to protect it output buf...

Страница 23: ...rement principle is based on a shunt method due to Ohm s law the current flowing in the shunt resistor causes a voltage drop Vi in static current measurement principle to occur This voltage is amplified by a differential amplifier to deliver a voltage in single ended mode referenced to ground The voltage is converted by one analog to digital converter ADC of the embedded MCU and is finally process...

Страница 24: ... is based on the shunt method as for the static measurement Nevertheless a specific and complex architecture performs dynamic measurement with a 100 kHz bandwidth covering the wide current measurement range of about 110 dB from 100 nA to 50 mA by keeping the output voltage stable The dynamic current circuitry has built in overcurrent protection that operates from 59 mA Therefore some transient cur...

Страница 25: ...ent of the range and is typically 30 mV Diode D guarantees that if the output voltage is higher than the limit VDD Vdrop the loop has no effect there is no leakage current 10 2 Behavior for dynamic current measurements The boundary between low and high currents is the output current to give a voltage drop of typically 30 mV Vdrop in the LOshunt resistor 1000 ohms that is 30 μA For output currents ...

Страница 26: ...eeded if the target board has 1 µF minimum decoupling capacitance at its input power path In this case jumper JP4 can be removed or kept inserted This additional 2 2 µF decoupling capacitance has no effect on energy measurements as energy measurement is integration of power measurement over time Nevertheless the 2 2 µF decoupling capacitance has some effect on instantaneous current measurements i ...

Страница 27: ...Ds LD1 LD2 LD3 LD4 and a Reset button B2 are used to work with the X NUCLEO LPM01A In standalone mode both static and dynamic measurements are possible Please refer to the X NUCLEO LPM01A PowerShield firmware user manual 1 for details on measurement features available and use of the X NUCLEO LPM01A user interface menus with the embedded firmware Figure 18 Embedded user interfaces elements 06Y 9 Ed...

Страница 28: ...ontrolled modes Host controlled mode with command lines sent by a COM port terminal refer to the X NUCLEO LPM01A PowerShield firmware user manual 1 Host controlled mode with the STM32CubeMonitor Power graphic user interface refer to the STM32CubeMonitor Power user manual 2 Both modes require installation of the USB VCP Virtual COM port driver STM32 Virtual COM Port Driver on the PC Please refer to...

Страница 29: ...t board to the X NUCLEO LPM01A The trigger signal on Arduino connector alias D7 is controlled from the target board to trigger the X NUCLEO LPM01A for a conversion start or event trigger Please refer to the X NUCLEO LPM01A PowerShield firmware user manual 1 for a detailed description of the use of this trigger signal in standalone and controlled modes The trigger signal D7 is active high A 3 3 Moh...

Страница 30: ...he X NUCLEO LPM01A and the target board UM2243 30 41 UM2243 Rev 2 Figure 20 Arduino Uno D7 trigger signal from target and solder bridges SB26 06Y 9 ϳ ŽůĚĞƌ ďƌŝĚŐĞ Ϯϲ Figure 21 Arduino Nano D7 trigger signal from target 06Y 9 ϳ ...

Страница 31: ...O LPM01A PowerShield firmware user manual 1 for a detailed a description of how this trigger signal is used in standalone and controlled modes The trigger signals D2 and D3 are active low A 100 kohm pull up resistor to VOUT biases D2 and D3 Solder bridges SB5 and SB3 respectively for D2 and D5 are open by default One of them must be closed to enable this trigger feature see Figure 23 Figure 22 Ard...

Страница 32: ...Trigger signals between the X NUCLEO LPM01A and the target board UM2243 32 41 UM2243 Rev 2 Figure 24 Arduino Nano D2 D3 trigger signal to target 06Y 9 Ϯ ƚƌŝŐŐĞƌ ƚŽ ƚĂƌŐĞƚ ϯ ƚƌŝŐŐĞƌ ƚŽ ƚĂƌŐĞƚ ...

Страница 33: ...nnected to the Arduino I2C bus and D8 because this connector has a reserved use which is not described here 14 1 Extension connector used with Arduino Uno connectors To use a specific daughterboard connected to CN11 controlled by a board plugged into the Arduino Uno set of connectors CN3 CN4 CN8 and CN9 the solder bridges SB6 SB12 SB17 must be closed Figure 25 Extension connector CN11 with Arduino...

Страница 34: ... solder bridges SB15 SB18 SB19 must be closed Figure 26 Extension connector CN11 with Arduino Nano 06Y 9 ƌĚƵŝŶŽ EĂŶŽ EϭϮ Eϭϯ ŽůĚĞƌ ďƌŝĚŐĞ ϭϱ ϭϴ ůŝĚĞƌ Ϯ ϭ džƚĞŶƐŝŽŶ ĐŽŶŶĞĐƚŽƌ Eϭϭ ŽůĚĞƌ ďƌŝĚŐĞ ϭϵ ŽƚƚŽŵ ƐŝĚĞ 14 3 Switch to select the type of daughterboard Two kinds of daughterboard can be used with CN11 ST or External Move the slider of switches S1 and S2 to select the right mode The position is silks...

Страница 35: ...pen SB3 STLINK_TX of Virtual COM port Note SWCLK and SWDIO cannot be disconnected STM32L432 software should set these two signals PA14 and PA13 respectively to high impedance 15 2 How to adapt an STM32L476 Nucleo 64 to power the MCU from the Arduino AREF pin This appendix provides an example to adapt an STM32L476 Nucleo 64 board to power the MCU from only the Arduino AREF pin instead of the Arduin...

Страница 36: ...r source selection to disconnect 5V from VIN_5V U5V and E5V 3 Ensure that SB152 and SB158 are closed and that SB167 is open AVDD is connected to VDD AVDD is not connected to VDD_MCU 4 SB122 is closed SB1 SB8 SB121 and SB127 are open In this example discrete SMPS are not used There is a direct bypass between VDD and VDD_MCU PG10 PG11 PG12 and PG13 should be set in high impedance by the STM32L496 so...

Страница 37: ...can be determined by turning the equipment off and on the user is encouraged to try to correct interference by one or more of the following measures Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver Connect the equipment into an outlet on circuit different from that to which the receiver is connected Consult the dealer or an experienced radio TV ...

Страница 38: ...pareil ne doit pas produire de brouillage et 2 l utilisateur de l appareil doit accepter tout brouillage radioélectrique subi même si le brouillage est susceptible d en compromettre le fonctionnement Etiquette de conformité à la NMB 003 d Industrie Canada CAN ICES 3 B NMB 3 B 16 3 CE Compliance Statement EN 55032 2012 EN 55024 2010 EN 60950 1 2006 A11 2009 A1 2010 A12 2011 A2 2013 IEC 60650 1 2005...

Страница 39: ...nce documents Table 5 Reference documents Reference Version Title 1 Latest version Getting started with PowerShield firmware user manual UM2269 2 Latest version STM32CubeMonitor Power software tool for power and ultra low power measurements user manual UM2202 ...

Страница 40: ...ment revision history Date Version Changes 18 Oct 2017 1 Initial release 7 Mar 2018 2 Added Ordering information Updated System requirements Product marking Statement of compliance to local legislation and Reference documents STM32CubeMonitor Power software tool ordering code ...

Страница 41: ...sers are solely responsible for the choice selection and use of ST products and ST assumes no liability for application assistance or the design of Purchasers products No license express or implied to any intellectual property right is granted by ST herein Resale of ST products with provisions different from the information set forth herein shall void any warranty granted by ST for such product ST...

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