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12-5
4170-01
1. OVERVIEW
A radial tire uses a cord angle of 90 degrees. That is, the cord material runs in a radial or direct line
from one bead to the other across the tread. In addition, a radial tire has a belt overwrap under the
tread surface to provide greater structural stability. The belt overwrap of a radial tire distortion while the
radial structure enables high speed driving.
Tire supports the weight of the vehicle, reduces the impact from the road and at the same time,
transmits the power to propel, brake and steer on the road. It also functions to maintain a
vehicle’s movement. In order to complete such tasks, a tire must be structured to be a resilient
vessel of air.
There is wear limit mark on the tire, which protrudes as a strip shape located approximately 1.6 mm
from the groove bottom. This wear limit mark is not seen from the outside so there is additional
"▲" mark on the shoulder to let the driver find the wear mark easily. To measure the tire groove
depth, measure at any point other than the point which has a wear limit mark.
The tire is worn unevenly according to the driver's driving habit, improper servicing, low tire inflation
pressure, changed tire location, etc.
1) Structure of Tire
Tread
This thick layer of rubber provides the interface
between the tire and the road. Wear-resistant
rubber is used to protect the carcass and belt
against fractures and impacts and to deliver a
long driving life.
Shoulder
Located between the tread and sidewall, the
shoulder rubber is the thickest so that the
design must allow for the easy diffusion of heat
generated within the tire while driving.
Sidewall
The part between the shoulder and bead, the
flexible sidewall protects the carcass and
enhances the ride. A tire’s type, size,
structure, pattern, manufacturing company,
product name and various characters are
indicated here.
Bead
The bead attaches the tire to the rim and wraps
the end of the cord fabric. Comprised of the bead
wire, core, flipper and other parts, the bead is
generally designed to be slightly tight around the
rim so that in the case of a sudden drop in
inflation pressure, the tire will not fall off the rim.
Carcass
As the most important framework of a tire, the
entire inner layer of cord fabric is called the
carcass. The carcass acts to support air
pressure, vertical load and absorb shocks.
Valve
Belt
Bead core
Содержание Rodius 2013
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Страница 118: ...01 3 0000 00 Top View Side View Front View Rear View 1 DIMENSIONS Unit mm Optional ...
Страница 119: ...01 4 2 SPECIFICATIONS Optional 2WD ...
Страница 120: ...01 5 0000 00 Specifications Cont d ...
Страница 122: ...01 7 0000 00 4 MAINTENANCE 1 Scheduled Maintenance Services EU Diesel Engine D20DTR ...
Страница 123: ...01 8 ...
Страница 124: ...01 9 0000 00 ...
Страница 125: ...01 10 2 Scheduled Maintenance Services GEN Diesel Engine D20DTR ...
Страница 126: ...01 11 0000 00 ...
Страница 127: ...01 12 ...
Страница 128: ...01 13 0000 00 3 Scheduled Maintenance Services Gasoline Engine ...
Страница 129: ...01 14 ...
Страница 130: ...01 15 0000 00 ...
Страница 132: ...01 17 0000 00 Front Double wishbone Rear Multi Link 6 JACK POINTS ...
Страница 134: ...01 19 0000 00 8 ELECTRIC COMPONENTS AND LAYOUT 1 Wiring Harness Arrangement ...
Страница 135: ...01 20 2 Components Locator ...
Страница 137: ......
Страница 138: ......
Страница 139: ...03 3 0000 00 1 GLOSSARY ...
Страница 140: ...03 4 ...
Страница 141: ...03 5 0000 00 ...
Страница 142: ...03 6 ...
Страница 143: ...03 7 0000 00 ...
Страница 144: ...03 8 ...
Страница 145: ...03 9 0000 00 ...
Страница 146: ...03 10 ...
Страница 147: ...01 3 0000 00 Left view Right view Rear view Front view 1 ENGINE LAYOUT ...
Страница 163: ...02 4 2 MAJOR CHANGES Rear Engine Mounting Insulator for 4WD Design changed for reducing abnormal noise during driving ...
Страница 193: ...02 34 Screw plug Oil seal Timing gear case cover Timing gear case cover TGCC 5 Timing gear case cover ...
Страница 218: ...03 11 2210 01 4 Fuel System Check Procedure ...
Страница 232: ...03 25 2210 01 3 Input Output devices Refer to Chapter Engine Control ...
Страница 239: ...04 8 3 INPUT OUTPUT OF INTAKE SYSTEM For more information refer to Chapter Engine Control ...
Страница 240: ...04 9 1719 00 4 OPERATING PROCESS Work Flow ...
Страница 244: ...05 4 2 TROUBLESHOOTING 1 Work Flow ...
Страница 247: ...05 7 1729 01 3 OPERATING PROCESS 1 Exhaust Gas Flow 2 Input Output Devices ...
Страница 253: ...06 8 Oil Pump Defect Rapid over loaded driving after replacing oil filter and oil and clogging of oil line 2 ...
Страница 254: ...06 9 1914 01 Turbine Side Inflow of foreign materials from engine Compressor Side such as air filter muffler and nut 3 ...
Страница 255: ...06 10 Defects caused by reasons other than that of the turbocharger 4 ...
Страница 257: ...06 12 2 Work Flow for Troubleshooting ...
Страница 258: ...06 13 1914 01 ...
Страница 259: ...06 14 ...
Страница 260: ...06 15 1914 01 ...
Страница 261: ...06 16 ...
Страница 265: ...06 20 3 INPUT OUTPUT DEVICES ...
Страница 282: ...09 6 3 Checking Battery ...
Страница 287: ...09 11 1451 01 2 OPERATING PROCESS 1 Charging Flow ...
Страница 289: ...09 13 1451 01 3 CIRCUIT DIAGRAM ...
Страница 292: ...10 5 1413 00 2 SYSTEM OPERATION 1 Input Output Diagram of Glow Plug Control Unit 2 System Diagram ...
Страница 293: ...10 6 3 Circuit Diagram ...
Страница 297: ...10 10 5 Pre glow and Post glow This shows the pre glow and post glow step as a chart ...
Страница 301: ...11 6 2 Circuit Diagram ...
Страница 313: ...13 6 2 OPERATING PROCESS 1 Schematic Diagram ...
Страница 320: ...14 8 ...
Страница 330: ...14 18 6 CIRCUIT DIAGRAM ...
Страница 332: ...15 4 Oxygen Sensor Glow Plug 1 MAJOR COMPONENTS HFM Air mass Temperature Injector C3I IMV E VGT Actuator ...
Страница 334: ...15 6 Fuel Rail Pressure Sensor Front EGT Sensor Differential Pressure Sensor Camshaft Position Sensor Rear EGT Sensor ...
Страница 335: ...15 7 0000 00 Fuel Temperature Sensor Coolant Temperature Sensor Knock Sensor 2 T MAP Sensor D20DTR ECU ...
Страница 336: ...15 8 2 SYSTEM OPERATION 1 Input Output of ECU 1 ECU Block diagram ...
Страница 353: ...15 25 0000 00 B Input Output for variable swirl valve ...
Страница 357: ...15 29 0000 00 C Input Output of E EGR system ...
Страница 361: ...15 33 0000 00 C Input Output for E VGT system ...
Страница 364: ...15 36 C Input Output for oxygen sensor ...
Страница 367: ...15 39 0000 00 C Input Output for cooling fan and A C compressor ...
Страница 375: ...15 47 0000 00 C Input Output for CDPF control ...
Страница 378: ...15 50 3 Input Output for CAN communication ...
Страница 379: ...01 4 1 COMPONENT LOCATOR 1 Front View ...
Страница 383: ...02 3 1113 01 1 SPECIFICATIONS 1 Engine Specifications ...
Страница 384: ...02 4 2 Performance Curve ...
Страница 385: ...02 5 1113 01 2 SPECIAL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT ...
Страница 386: ...02 6 3 FASTENER TIGHTENING SPECIFICATIONS ...
Страница 387: ...02 7 1113 01 1 Fastener Tightening Specifications Cont d ...
Страница 389: ...03 4 Temperature vs resistance ...
Страница 390: ......
Страница 392: ...05 4 4 FASTENER TIGHTENING SPECIFICATIONS ...
Страница 393: ...06 3 9210 01 1 OIL CIRCULATION ...
Страница 395: ...07 3 2110 01 1 GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS ...
Страница 396: ...07 4 2 SPECIAL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT ...
Страница 397: ...07 5 2110 01 3 FASTENER TIGHTENING SPECIFICATIONS ...
Страница 399: ...07 7 2110 01 2 COMPONENT LOCATOR ...
Страница 401: ...08 3 1452 01 1 GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS ...
Страница 402: ...08 4 2 FASTENER TIGHTENING SPECIFICATIONS ...
Страница 405: ...08 7 1452 01 4 STARTING AND CHARGING SYSTEM GASOLINE ENGINE CIRCUIT ...
Страница 406: ...09 3 1522 16 1 ENGINE DATA DISPLAY TABLE ...
Страница 407: ...09 4 2 FASTENER TIGHTENING SPECIFICATIONS 1 Temperature vs Resistance ...
Страница 419: ...01 6 3 MAJOR CHANGES Interior fuse and relay box Heated steering wheel added Voltage stabilizer module added ...
Страница 421: ...01 8 3 CIRCUIT DIAGRAM SB1 SB4 C FAN HI LO REALY F HEATER RELAY 1 Engine Room Fuse and Relay Box ...
Страница 422: ...01 9 8410 02 SB5 SB8 Ef5 Ef6 2ND A PUMP RELAY ENG MAIN RELAY START RELAY ...
Страница 423: ...01 10 SB9 SB11 Ef10 Ef23 RR BLOWER RELAY DEFOGGER RELAY ...
Страница 424: ...01 11 8410 02 Ef2 Ef4 Ef19 Ef20 B HORN RELAY H LAMP LO HI RELAY COMP RELAY ...
Страница 425: ...01 12 Ef7 Ef9 Ef21 FRT FOG LAMP RELAY TAIL LAMP RELAY ...
Страница 426: ...01 13 8410 02 Ef11 Ef16 POWER WINDOW RELAY ...
Страница 427: ...01 14 Ef17 Ef18 Ef22 Ef24 Ef26 FUEL PUMP RELAY ...
Страница 428: ...01 15 8410 02 2 Interior Fuse and Relay Box F1 F5 ...
Страница 429: ...01 16 F6 F12 ...
Страница 430: ...01 17 8410 02 F13 F16 ...
Страница 431: ...01 18 F17 F24 ...
Страница 432: ...01 19 8410 02 F25 F30 ...
Страница 433: ...01 20 F31 F36 ...
Страница 435: ...02 4 4 Input Signals Of Rk Stics ...
Страница 464: ...02 33 8710 01 ...
Страница 472: ...02 41 8710 01 3 CIRCUIT DIAGRAM Tail lamp key reminder SW chime bell ...
Страница 473: ...02 42 Power window warning lamp brake s belt ...
Страница 474: ...02 43 8710 01 Door SW lamp door courtesy g handle door open warning lamp defogger ...
Страница 475: ...02 44 Central door lock ...
Страница 476: ...02 45 8710 01 Wiper rain sensing wiper ...
Страница 478: ...03 4 1 SYSTEM LAYOUT 1 Location Immobilizer Warning Lamp Immobilizer Unit ECU REKES Key Diagnostic Connector ...
Страница 481: ......
Страница 484: ...03 10 2 Circuit Diagram ...
Страница 496: ...07 10 3 CIRCUIT DIAGRAM 1 Interior Lamp ...
Страница 497: ...07 11 8310 01 2 External Lamp 1 Head lamp DRL day time running light unit ...
Страница 498: ...07 12 2 Head lamp leveling device ...
Страница 499: ...07 13 8310 01 3 Tail lamp ...
Страница 500: ...07 15 8310 01 5 Fog lamp ...
Страница 501: ...07 14 4 Turn signal hazard lamp ...
Страница 502: ...07 16 6 Stop back up lamp ...
Страница 506: ...06 6 Overhead console switch Multimeter function deleted maintain digital clock Digital clock ...
Страница 507: ......
Страница 510: ...07 3 7810 01 1 SPECIFICATIONS OF WIPER ...
Страница 513: ...07 6 1 SYSTEM LAYOUT Components ...
Страница 514: ...07 7 7810 01 2 CIRCUIT DIAGRAM ...
Страница 524: ...08 12 3 OPERATION MODE OF RAIN SENSING WIPER SYSTEM ...
Страница 527: ...08 15 8610 11 5 DIAGNOSIS PROCEDURES ...
Страница 529: ...08 17 8610 11 7 RAIN SENSING WIPER ...
Страница 538: ...09 11 8790 01 5 Wiring diagram ...
Страница 539: ...09 12 6 FLOW CHART ...
Страница 543: ...11 6 Radio antenna specification changed Changed to micro pole antenna from glass antenna with radio antenna amplifier ...
Страница 560: ...01 9 3650 01 Characteristics ...
Страница 569: ...01 18 3 CIRCUIT DIAGRAM Start Motor Selector Lever CAN Communication ...
Страница 570: ...01 19 3650 01 Solenoid Oil temperature sensor Speed sensor N2 N3 ...
Страница 576: ...02 8 3162 00 Main shaft ...
Страница 584: ...02 16 1st speed 2 POWER FLOW 2nd speed ...
Страница 585: ...02 17 3170 01 4th speed 3rd speed ...
Страница 586: ...02 18 6th speed 5th speed ...
Страница 587: ...02 19 3170 01 Reverse gear ...
Страница 590: ...03 4 2 TROUBLESHOOTING ...
Страница 596: ...03 10 Clutch cover assembly 3 Layout Clutch disc Dual mass flywheel DMF Concentric slave cylinder T M Input shaft ...
Страница 606: ...05 7 3240 01 Interior Components 4WD Switch assembly Warning Indicator Lamp for 4WD TCCU ...
Страница 607: ...05 8 3 SYSTEM LAYOUT ...
Страница 622: ......
Страница 642: ...08 15 4850 03 1 COMPONENTS ...
Страница 643: ...08 16 ...
Страница 658: ...09 12 3 OPERATING PROCESS 1 Block Diagram of Input and Output ...
Страница 674: ...09 28 2 Electric Circuit Diagram Wheel speed sensor Stop lamp switch Self diagnostic connector Warning lamp ABS ESP ...
Страница 675: ...09 29 4891 01 Brake Pressure Sensor ESP Sensor Sensor Cluster ESP OFF Switch ...
Страница 679: ...10 6 3 ABS SYSTEM OPERATION 1 Block Diagram ...
Страница 684: ...10 11 4891 01 3 Circuit Diagram ...
Страница 696: ...11 14 2 SYSTEM LAYOUT ...
Страница 709: ...01 4 Rear cooler duct Appearance changed 2 MAJOR CHANGES ...
Страница 710: ......
Страница 712: ...01 7 6810 30 PWM electronic fan A C compressor Receiver drier PTC box PWM Refrigerant pressure sensor ...
Страница 716: ...01 11 6810 30 Rear Ventilation Front Ventilation Heater vents A C vents 3 Ventilation System 1 Location of Vents ...
Страница 723: ...01 18 5 CIRCUIT DIAGRAM 1 FATC Full Auto Temperature Control D20DTR PWM Motor Compressor relay ...
Страница 724: ...01 19 6810 30 GSL 3 2 Condenser Fan Relay ...
Страница 725: ...01 20 Actuator mode intake AQS sensor ...
Страница 726: ...01 21 6810 30 Rear Air Conditioner Blower Mode Actuator ...
Страница 727: ...01 22 2 Manual Air Conditioner D20DTR Motor Mode Intake Air Mix PWM ...
Страница 728: ...01 23 6810 30 GSL 3 2 Condenser Fan Motor ...
Страница 729: ...01 24 Blower Motor Front Rear ...
Страница 730: ......
Страница 739: ...02 11 8810 03 3 CIRCUIT DIAGRAM ...
Страница 741: ...02 13 8810 03 ...
Страница 746: ...03 7 7410 01 Seat sliding adjust lever Rear 3rd Row Seatback Folding Lever Headrest Back folding adjust lever ...
Страница 749: ...03 10 3 7 Passengers Front Seat Belt 3 point Rear 2nd row 3 point Rear 1st row 3 point ...
Страница 765: ...03 26 5 Operation of rear seat Rear 1st and 2nd seat Seat sliding Front Rear ...
Страница 777: ...03 38 Driver power seat 7 CIRCUIT DIAGRAM ...
Страница 778: ...03 39 7410 01 FRT seat warmer ...
Страница 783: ...04 7 7340 00 Drain hose Control switch Sun shade glass Control unit Sun roof motor 4 COMPONENTS AND LOCATIONS ...
Страница 786: ...04 10 6 CIRCUIT DIAGRAM ...
Страница 787: ...05 3 7630 01 Multi tray Delete multi tray 1 MAJOR CHANGES Cluster fascia panel Cluster fascia panel design changed ...
Страница 794: ...06 8 Rear Rear mudguard design changed Front Front mudguard design changed Mudguard ...
Страница 795: ...07 3 5110 01 Top View Side View Front View Rear View 1 MAJOR EXTERNAL DIMENSIONS Unit mm Optional ...