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Technical data are subject to change without notice.

ISO 9001 certified. © Copyright SPM 1996-9. 71519.Z

SPM Instrument AB

• Box 4 • S-645 21 Strängnäs • Sweden

Tel +46 152 22500 • Fax +46 152 15075 • [email protected] • www.spminstrument.se

Fault Analysis Chart

Vibration up 2 steps from original or good level:
Plan to maintain, measure more frequently.

Vibration up 3 steps:
Inspect and maintain as soon as possible,
measure daily.

Vibration up 4 steps or more:
Shut down immediately and investigate.

Where

Part of

machine

All over

machine

Axial

+ radial

How

much

> 1 step

Record results.

Measure again
according to
schedule.

change

Increase

Treat large unexplained decrease like large
increase. Investigate soonest.

Recent maintenance, machine off load or stopped.

Measuring fault.

Something broken, loose, or missing.

Change

Measure Vibration Severity

Plan to maintain
when vibration
increases 2 steps
above new or
good level.

Slow build-up of
dirt.

Steady wear,
corrosion.

Stretched or
slipping belts.

Direc-

tion

Slack mounting bolts,
loose frame parts,
etc.

Coupling wearing or
stiffening.

Gear tooth wear.

Mainly

radial

< 1 step

Time Schedule

Machine Class

Measuring Point

Decrease

Radial and axial:

Slack or sheared
mounting bolts.

Damaged machine
feet, bent or
damaged subframes
or supports.

Faulty alignment,
bent or cracked
shaft.

Gear tooth damage.

One step on the chart below (any class at any
level) represents a 1.6 times increase from
previous value.

Each condition band (= 2 steps) represents a
2.5 times increase, i.e. a significant change in
vibration severity.

3 steps up is a fourfold increase, an alarming
change demanding immediate action.

Class

RMS

mm/s

Limits

1 step

Mainly radial

: Failed fan blades,

loss of balance weights,
shedding of dirt. Oil film
hysteresis whirls, excessive
bearing play.

Radial and axial

: Changes in

foundation or support structure
causing serious misalignment or
looseness. Bent or fractured
shafts. Critical speed and other
resonances.

Small machines

: Possibly

transmitted vibration from
larger machines.

Содержание VIB-11

Страница 1: ... 4 S 645 21 Strängnäs Sweden Tel 46 152 22500 Fax 46 152 15075 info spminstrument se www spminstrument se Technical data are subject to change without notice Copyright SPM 1996 9 71519 Z Instruction Manual Vibrameter VIB 11 ...

Страница 2: ......

Страница 3: ...Manual for Vibrameter VIB 11 Contents Introduction 2 Vibration 3 Measurement 4 Measure Acceleration Display Velocity 5 Machine Classes 6 Measuring Points 7 Recording of Readings 8 Follow up Form 9 Measuring Equipment 10 Transducer Mounting 10 Hand held Probe 11 Taking Readings 11 Changing Batteries 11 Maintenance Based on Vibration Records 12 Fault Analysis Chart 13 Technical Specifications Part N...

Страница 4: ...simplified by international standards which define the acceptable vibration level for a given type of machine and recommend monitoring methods suitable for industrial purposes A Maintenance Tool Effective Condition Based Maintenance requires economical and simple monitoring methods which can be applied by maintenance personnel without special training Their primary task is to locate trouble spots ...

Страница 5: ... of any particu lar piece of plant one has to determine its normal vibration level then measure the actual amount and type of vibration and compare the two values To decide what is normal one has to consider the function of the machine and the forces involved the rigidity of the machine structure A large diesel engine vibrates more than a small elec tric motor the forces involved are very differen...

Страница 6: ... are measured simulta neously Cyclic movement can be measured and described in three different ways as displacement acceleration velocity Displacement means the actual distance the object moves measured either from its rest position in one direction peak or as the total movement in both directions peak to peak Displacement is usually meas ured in mils A part that is moving from rest speeding up sl...

Страница 7: ...severity is directly related to the energy level of machine vibration and thus a good indicator of the destructive forces acting on the machine There are transducers which measure velocity directly i e seismic probes with either moving coils or moving magnets These transducers are normally bulky easily damaged and expensive to manufacture They are therefore gradually being replaced by acceleromete...

Страница 8: ...d for heavy reciprocating prime movers and machines which are intended to vibrate for example vibrating screens see Appendix page 15 for precise definitions Motor power and types electric turbine diesel ma chine size and foundation stiffness concrete base metal frame etc will give a first indication of ma chine class For example most smaller process pumps on a chemical plant would be Class II A 10...

Страница 9: ... problem to guard against measur ing on that bearing will be sufficient To be able to make an adequate assessment of the mechanical state of the whole machine one should also measure on the drive end bearing 2 and the motor 1 The direction of measurement is very important Out of balance forces rotate with the shaft and cause radial vibration acting in all directions within the plane of rotation Ax...

Страница 10: ...vibration trend as well There are no general rules about how often vibration should be measured The intervals between readings a day a week perhaps a whole month depend wholly on the individual machine its work its impor tance for the plant and on the rate of change in its vibration level Obviously an exhaust fan with a soot problem will need more frequent surveillance than a fresh air fan but onl...

Страница 11: ...are subject to change without notice ISO 9001 certified Copyright SPM 1996 9 71519 Z SPM Instrument AB Box 4 S 645 21 Strängnäs Sweden Tel 46 152 22500 Fax 46 152 15075 info spminstrument se www spminstrument se VIC 12 ...

Страница 12: ...normally mounted on the machine with the magnetic base Attach the transducer to a smooth flat surface with the main sensitivity axis pointing in the desired meas uring direction Spot face the contact surface if nec essary The magnetic base has a diameter of 27 5 mm Screw Mounting Screw mounting is the best alternative where the magnetic base cannot be used Prepare threaded mounting holes as shown ...

Страница 13: ... repeatable results cannot be guaran teed Taking Readings Connect the transducer to Vibrameter VIB 11 with the measuring cable Attach the transducer to the meas uring point Press the button below the display window and hold it down Wait for the readout to stabilize Read and record the result To switch off the instrument release the button If the display shows OFL the instrument has an overflow cau...

Страница 14: ...pace between two lines on the follow up form For all machine classes at any level it repre sents a 1 6 times increase decrease from the previ ous reading or if the change is gradual from the original norm value For maintenance it is a first warning that machine condition is getting worse At this stage tightening a few bolts or adjusting a belt may be sufficient to get rid of the excess vibration a...

Страница 15: ...uild up of dirt Steady wear corrosion Stretched or slipping belts Direc tion Slack mounting bolts loose frame parts etc Coupling wearing or stiffening Gear tooth wear Mainly radial 1 step Time Schedule Machine Class Measuring Point Decrease Radial and axial Slack or sheared mounting bolts Damaged machine feet bent or damaged subframes or supports Faulty alignment bent or cracked shaft Gear tooth d...

Страница 16: ...range 10 to 1000 Hz Max peak acceleration 600 m s2 Temperature range 30 C to 150 C 22 F to 302 F Typical temperature drift 0 25 C Casing Stainless acid proof steel AISI 316 sealed Dimensions diam 27 5 mm x 45 mm Weight 135 grams 5 oz Connector type TNC Torque limit 10 Nm 7 4 lbf ft TRV 12 TRV 13 TRX 16 81030 81031 81057 81027 46044 46045 TRX 17 VIC 11 VIC 12 VIB 10 VIB 11 Part Numbers VIB 10 Vibra...

Страница 17: ...ition Production electrical motors of up to 15 kW are typical examples of machines in this category Class II Medium sized machines typically electrical motors with 15 to 75 kW output without special foundations rigidly mounted engines or machines up to 300 kW on special foundations Class III Large prime movers and other large machines with rotating masses on rigid and heavy foundations which are r...

Страница 18: ......

Страница 19: ...______________________________________________________ CITY __________________________________________ POSTAL CODE ___________________ COUNTRY _____________________________________ PHONE _________________________ USER NAME S _________________________________ FAX _____________________________ AUTHORIZED DISTRIBUTOR ______________________________________________________ CUSTOMER NO _________________...

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