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SD Card Interface Description

3-4

SanDisk Secure Digital (SD) Card Product Manual, Rev. 1.9 © 2003 SANDISK CORPORATION

Figure 3-2 shows the bus topology of several cards with one host in SD Bus mode.

Figure 3-2. SD Card System Bus Topology

During the initialization process, commands are sent to each card individually, allowing the application to detect the
cards and assign logical addresses to the physical slots. Data is always sent to each card individually. However, to
simplify the handling of the card stack, after initialization, all commands may be sent concurrently to all cards.
Addressing information is provided in the command packet.

The SD Bus allows dynamic configuration of the number of data lines. After power-up, by default, the SD Card will
use only DAT0 for data transfer. After initialization, the host can change the bus width (number of active data
lines). This feature allows and easy trade off between hardware cost and system performance.

SD Memory

Card (A)

CLK

Vdd
Vss

D0-D3, CMD

SD Memory

Card (B)

CLK

Vdd
Vss

D0-D3, CMD

MultiMediaCard

(C)

CLK

Vdd
Vss

D0, CS, CMD

CLK

Vdd

Vss

D0-3(A),

CMD(A)

D0-3(B),

CMD(B)

D0-3(C)

CMD(C)

HOST

D1&D2 Not

Connected

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Содержание SDSDB-32-201-80 - Industrial Grade Flash Memory...

Страница 1: ...re Digital Card Product Manual Version 1 9 Document No 80 13 00169 December 2003 SanDisk Corporation Corporate Headquarters 140 Caspian Court Sunnyvale CA 94089 Phone 408 542 0500 Fax 408 542 0503 www...

Страница 2: ...istered trademarks of SanDisk Corporation Product names mentioned herein are for identification purposes only and may be trademarks and or registered trademarks of their respective companies 2003 SanD...

Страница 3: ...1 5 9 7 Data Transfer Rate 1 9 1 5 9 8 Data Protection in the Flash Card 1 10 1 5 9 9 Erase 1 10 1 5 9 10 Write Protection 1 10 1 5 9 11 Copy Bit 1 10 1 5 9 12 The CSD Register 1 10 1 5 10 SD Card SPI...

Страница 4: ...col Description 4 1 4 1 SD Bus Protocol 4 1 4 2 Protocol s Functional Description 4 4 4 3 Card Identification Mode 4 5 4 3 1 Reset 4 6 4 3 2 Operating Voltage Range Validation 4 7 4 3 3 Card Identific...

Страница 5: ...n Commands 5 8 5 2 SPI Command Set 5 8 5 2 1 Command Format 5 8 5 2 2 Command Classes 5 9 5 2 2 1 Detailed Command Description 5 9 5 2 3 Responses 5 12 5 2 3 1 Format R1 5 13 5 2 3 2 Format R1b 5 13 5...

Страница 6: ...ital SD Card Product Manual Rev 1 9 2003 SANDISK CORPORATION File System Support A 5 Appendix B Ordering Information B 1 Appendix C SanDisk Worldwide Sales Offices C 1 Appendix D Limited Warranty D 1...

Страница 7: ...aCard forward compatibility was kept Actually the main difference between SD Card and MultiMediaCard is the initialization process The SD Card specifications were originally defined by MEI Matsushita...

Страница 8: ...atures The SD Card provides the following features Up to 1 GB of data storage SD Card protocol compatible Supports SPI Mode Targeted for portable and stationary applications for secured copyrights pro...

Страница 9: ...tible with the following SD Card Physical Layer Specification standard The SD Card Physical Layer System Specification Version 1 01 This specification may be obtained from SD Card Association 53 Mucke...

Страница 10: ...a space The SD Card s soft error rate specification is much better than the magnetic disk drive specification In the extremely rare case a read error does occur SD Cards have innovative algorithms to...

Страница 11: ...he Erase Command The Erase sector or group command provides the capability to substantially increase the write performance of the SD Card Once a sector has been erased using the Erase command a write...

Страница 12: ...esses each card separately through its own command lines The SD Card s CID register is pre programmed with a unique card identification number which is used during the identification procedure In addi...

Страница 13: ...ck command is sent by the host The size of a block is either programmable or fixed The information about allowed block sizes and the programmability is stored in the CSD The granularity of the erasabl...

Страница 14: ...ber Block Size Byte Data Area Protected size Blocks Protected Area size Blocks User Area Blocks SDSDJ 1024 512 2 004 224 20 480 1 983 744 SDSDJ 512 512 1 001 104 10 240 940 864 SDSDJ 256 512 499 456 5...

Страница 15: ...length for read operations is limited by the device sector size 512 bytes but can be as small as a single byte Misalignment is not allowed Every data block must be contained in a single physical secto...

Страница 16: ...o prevent the host from writing to or erasing data on the card The WP switch does not have any influence on the internal Permanent or Temporary WP bits in the CSD 1 5 9 11 Copy Bit The content of a SD...

Страница 17: ...detection methods can be found in SD Physical Specification s Application Notes given by the SDA 1 5 10 3 Card Status In SPI mode only 16 bits containing the errors relevant to SPI mode can be read o...

Страница 18: ...tion to the SD Card 1 12 SanDisk Secure Digital SD Card Product Manual Rev 1 9 2003 SANDISK CORPORATION 1 5 10 9 Write Protection Same as in SD Card mode 1 5 10 10 Copyright Protection Same as in SD C...

Страница 19: ...Introduction to the SD Card SanDisk Secure Digital SD Card Product Manual Rev 1 9 2003 SANDISK CORPORATION 1 13 This page intentionally left blank...

Страница 20: ...Human body model according to ANSI EOS ESD S5 1 1998 8kV coupling plane discharge 15kV air discharge Human body model per IEC61000 4 2 2 2 Reliability and Durability Table 2 2 Reliability and Durabil...

Страница 21: ...Products 1 5msec 10msec 100msec 100msec Block Write Access Time Binary Products MLC Products 24msec 40msec 250msec 250msec CMD1 to Ready after power up 50msec 500msec Sleep to Ready 1msec 2msec NOTES...

Страница 22: ...6 Physical Specifications Refer to Table 2 6 and to Figures 2 1 through 2 3 for SD Card physical specifications and dimensions Table 2 6 Physical Specifications Weight 2 0 g maximum Length 32mm 0 1mm...

Страница 23: ...Product Specifications 2 4 SanDisk Secure Digital SD Card Product Manual Rev 1 9 2003 SANDISK CORPORATION Figure 2 2 SD Card Dimensions...

Страница 24: ...Product Specifications SanDisk Secure Digital SD Card Product Manual Rev 1 9 2003 SANDISK CORPORATION 2 5 Figure 2 3 SD Card Dimensions...

Страница 25: ...Product Specifications 2 6 SanDisk Secure Digital SD Card Product Manual Rev 1 9 2003 SANDISK CORPORATION This page intentionally left blank...

Страница 26: ...CLK I Clock 6 VSS2 S Supply voltage ground 7 DAT0 I O Data Line Bit 0 8 DAT1 I O Data Line Bit 1 9 DAT2 I O Data Line Bit 2 NOTES 1 S power supply I input O output using push pull drivers 2 The extend...

Страница 27: ...consumption may occur due to the floating inputs Each card has a set of information registers refer to Table 3 3 Detailed descriptions are provided in Section 3 5 Table 3 3 SD Card Registers Name Widt...

Страница 28: ...communication lines and three supply lines CMD Command is a bi directional signal Host and card drivers are operating in push pull mode DAT0 3 Data lines are bi directional signals Host and card driv...

Страница 29: ...lify the handling of the card stack after initialization all commands may be sent concurrently to all cards Addressing information is provided in the command packet The SD Bus allows dynamic configura...

Страница 30: ...emoval insertion should be detected by the bus master using the CRC codes that suffix every bus transaction 3 2 1 Power Protection Cards can be inserted into or removed from the bus without damage If...

Страница 31: ...signal see Figure 3 4 The CS signal must be continuously active for the duration of the SPI transaction command response and data The only exception is card programming time At this time the host can...

Страница 32: ...ontains a busy flag indicating that the card is still working on its power up procedure and is not ready for identification This bit informs the host that the card is not ready The host has to wait an...

Страница 33: ...voltage differentials VSS1 VSS2 0 3 0 3 V Power up Time 250 mS From 0V to VDD Min 3 4 3 Bus Signal Line Load The total capacitance CL of the CLK line of the SD Card bus is the sum of the bus master ca...

Страница 34: ...Bus Signal Levels To meet the requirements of the JEDEC specification JESD8 1A the card input and output voltages shall be within the specified ranges in Table 3 6 for any VDD of the allowed voltage...

Страница 35: ...s are referred to min VIH and max VIL Clock Frequency Data Transfer Mode fPP 0 25 MHz CL 100 pF 7 cards Clock Frequency Identification Mode The low frequency is required for MultiMediaCard compatibili...

Страница 36: ...figuration information The RCA register holds the card relative communication address for the current session The card status and SD status registers hold the communication protocol related status of...

Страница 37: ...its are constant and will be set as described in Figure 4 8 If bit 32 the busy bit is set it informs the host that the card power up procedure is finished Figure 3 8 OCR Structure 3 5 2 Card Identific...

Страница 38: ...n is the most significant nibble and the m is the least significant nibble Example The PRV binary value filed for product revision 6 2 will be 0110 0010 The CRC Checksum is computed by the following f...

Страница 39: ...vice size multiplier C_SIZE_MULT 3 R 49 47 SD128 64 SD064 32 SD032 32 SD016 32 SD008 16 100b 011b 011b 011b 010b erase single block enable ERASE_BLK_EN 1 R 46 46 Yes 1b erase sector size SECTOR_SIZE 7...

Страница 40: ...5 D 6 0 E 7 0 F 8 0 7 Reserved NSAC Defines the worst case for the clock dependent factor of the data access time The unit for NSAC is 100 clock cycles Therefore the maximal value for the clock depen...

Страница 41: ...rs READ_BL_PARTIAL 1 means that smaller blocks can be used as well The minimum block size will be equal to minimum addressable unit one byte WRITE_BLK_MISALIGN Defines if the data block to be written...

Страница 42: ...URR_MIN The maximum values for read and write currents at the minimal VDD power supply are coded in Table 3 17 Table 3 17 VDD Minimum Current Consumption VDD_R_CURR_MIN VDD_W_CURR_MIN Code For Current...

Страница 43: ...up write protection possible R2W_FACTOR Defines the typical block program time as a multiple of the read access time Table 3 20 defines the field format Table 3 20 R2W_FACTOR R2W_FACTOR Multiples of R...

Страница 44: ...e file system with partition table 0 1 DOS FAT floppy like with boot sector only no partition table 0 2 Universal File Format 0 3 Others Unknown 1 0 1 2 3 Reserved CRC The CRC field carries the check...

Страница 45: ...card vendor dependent SD_SECURITY Describes the security algorithm supported by the card Table 3 26 SD Supported Security Algorithm SD_SECURITY Supported Algorithm 0 No security 1 Security protocol 1...

Страница 46: ...A misaligned address that did not match the block length was used in the command C 29 BLOCK_LEN_ERROR E R 0 no error 1 error The transferred block length is not allowed for this card or the number of...

Страница 47: ...the internal ECC A 13 ERASE_RESET S R 0 cleared 1 set An erase sequence was cleared before executing because an out of erase sequence command was received C 12 9 CURRENT_STATE S X 0 idle 1 ready 2 ide...

Страница 48: ...ed by the SET_BUS_WIDTH command A 509 SECURED_MODE S R 0 not in the mode 1 in secured mode Card is in Secured Mode of operation refer to the SD Security Specifications document A 508 496 Reserved 495...

Страница 49: ...essed by the host using the secured read write command after doing authentication as defined in the SD Security Specification The security protected area size is defined by SanDisk as approximately on...

Страница 50: ...SD Card Interface Description SanDisk Secure Digital SD Card Product Manual Rev 1 9 2003 SANDISK CORPORATION 3 25 This page intentionally left blank...

Страница 51: ...transferred via the data lines From host to card s CMD DAT Command From host to card Command Response From card to host Operation no response Operation no data Figure 4 1 No Response and No Data Opera...

Страница 52: ...to card CMD DAT Command Data from card to host Command Response From card to host Block write operation Multiple block write operation Response Data stop operation Data block crc Data block crc Busy...

Страница 53: ...R6 protected by 7 bit CRC checksum Transmitter bit 0 card response Total length 48 bits End bt always 1 0 0 Content CID or CSD CRC 1 Total length 136 bits End bt always 1 R1 R3 R6 R2 Figure 4 5 Respo...

Страница 54: ...e intended for all SD Cards Some of these commands require a response Addressed Point to Point Commands The addressed commands are sent to the addressed SD Card and cause a response to be sent from th...

Страница 55: ...ration modes and card states Each state in the SD Card state diagram Figures 4 7 and 4 8 is associated with one operation mode Table 4 1 Overview of Card States versus Operation Modes Card State Opera...

Страница 56: ...process starting at CMD1 SPI Operation Mode CMD0 CS Asserted 0 Figure 4 7 SD Card State Diagram Card Identification Mode 4 3 1 Reset GO_IDLE_STATE CMD0 is the software reset command and sets each SD C...

Страница 57: ...SEND_OP_COND command CMD1 of MultiMediaCard The host should ignore an ILLEGAL_COMMAND status in the MultiMediaCard response to CMD3 since it is a residue of ACMD41 which is invalid in the MultiMediaCa...

Страница 58: ...ture data transfer mode typically with a higher clock rate than fOD Once the RCA is received the card state changes to the Stand by State At this point if the host wants the card to have another RCA n...

Страница 59: ...lative card address 0x0000 all cards transfer back to Stand by State Note that it is the responsibility of the Host to reserve the RCA 0 for card de selection refer to Table 4 3 CMD7 description This...

Страница 60: ...ally if the CMD and DAT0 lines of the cards are kept separated and the host keeps the busy DAT0 line disconnected from the other DAT0 lines of the other cards the host may access the other cards while...

Страница 61: ...mat The data transfer format is similar to the data read format For block oriented write data transfer the CRC check bits are added to each data block The card performs a CRC check for each data line...

Страница 62: ...ill have the old data If the host sends a greater number of write blocks than are defined in ACMD23 the card will erase blocks one by one as new data is received This number will be reset to the defau...

Страница 63: ...ed switch on the socket side will indicate to the host that the card is write protected or not It is the responsibility of the host to protect the card The position of the write protect switch is un k...

Страница 64: ...tions and may not be used by any SD Card manufacturer ACMD6 ACMD13 ACMD17 25 ACMD38 49 ACMD51 General Command GEN_CMD CMD56 The bus transaction of the GEN_CMD is the same as the single block read or w...

Страница 65: ...n regardless of the host clock However the host must provide a clock edge for the card to turn off its busy signal Without a clock edge the SD Card unless previously disconnected by a deselect command...

Страница 66: ...xn second bit xn 1 last bit x0 CRC 15 0 Remainder M x x16 G x The first bit is the first data bit of the corresponding block The degree n of the polynomial denotes the number of bits of the data block...

Страница 67: ...are card independent either 100 times longer than the typical access times for these operations given below or 100ms The times after which a time out condition for Write Erase operations occur are ca...

Страница 68: ...essed point to point Data Transfer Commands adtc data transfer on DAT All commands and responses are sent over the CMD line of the SD Card The command transmission always starts with the left bit of t...

Страница 69: ...ses CCCs 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 11 Supported Commands Basic Reserved Block Read Reserved Block Write Erase Write Pro tection Lock Card Appli cation Specific Reserved CMD0 CMD2 CMD3 CMD4 CMD7 CMD9 CMD10 C...

Страница 70: ...ddress 0 deselects all When the RCA equals 0 the host may do one of the following use other RCA number to perform card de selection or re send CMD3 to change its RCA number to other then 0 and then us...

Страница 71: ...t Applicable CMD27 adtc 31 0 don t care R1 PROGRAM_CSD Programming of the programmable bits of the CSD The bit places must be filled but the value is irrelevant Table 4 6 Write Protection Class 6 Cmd...

Страница 72: ...8 Lock Card Commands Class 7 Cmd Index Type Argument Resp Abbreviation Command Description CMD42 CMD54 SDA Optional Commands currently supported by SanDisk SD Card Table 4 9 Application Specific Comm...

Страница 73: ...31 23 stuff bits 22 0 Number of blocks R1 SET_WR_BLK_ ERASE_COUNT Set the number of write blocks to be pre erased before writing to be used for faster Multiple Block WR command 1 default one wr block...

Страница 74: ...stby tran data rcv prg dis ina Command Changes to Class Independent CRC error command not sup ported Class 0 CMD0 idle idle idle idle idle idle idle idle idle CMD2 ident CMD3 stby stby CMD4 stby CMD7...

Страница 75: ...ation ACMD41 card VDD range compatible ready ACMD41 card is busy idle ACMD41 card VDD range not compatible ina ACMD42 tran ACMD51 data class 9 11 CMD41 CMD43 CMD54 CMD57 CMD59 Reserved CMD60 CMD63 Res...

Страница 76: ...ponse length 136 bits The content of the CID register is sent as a response to CMD2 and CMD10 The content of the CSD register is sent as a response to CMD9 Only bits 127 1 of the CID and CSD are trans...

Страница 77: ...are Data Bits from Card Repeater CRC Cyclic Redundancy Check Bits 7 Bits Card Active Host Active The difference between the P bit and Z bit is that a P bit is actively driven to HIGH by the card respe...

Страница 78: ...sponse CMD S T content CRC E Z Z P P S T content CRC E Z Z Z Figure 4 13 Command Response Timing Data Transfer Mode Last Card Response Next Host Command Timing After receiving the last card response t...

Страница 79: ...D Figure 4 17 Timing of Multiple Block Read Command Host command NCR cycles Response CMD S T content CRC E Z Z P P S T content CRC E DAT D D D D D D E Z Z Figure 4 18 Timing of Stop Command CMD12 Data...

Страница 80: ...n a flash programming error occurs the card will ignore all further data blocks In this case no CRC response will be sent to the host and therefore there will not be CRC start bit on the bus and the t...

Страница 81: ...onse Host Cmnd CMD S T content CRC E Z Z P P S T content CRC E S T Content Card is programming DAT S L L E Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Figure 4 23 Stop Transmission Received After Last Data Block Card is Busy Pro...

Страница 82: ...rmation refer to Table 5 5 and 5 1 9 2 in Section 5 0 and the applications note in Appendix A Host Design Considerations NAND MMC and SD based Products Table 4 17 Timing Values Min Max Unit NCR 2 64 C...

Страница 83: ...yte 1 5 1 1 Mode Selection The SD Card wakes up in the SD Bus mode It will enter SPI mode if the CS signal is asserted negative during the reception of the reset command CMD0 If the card recognizes th...

Страница 84: ...ata Read SPI mode supports single block and multiple block read operations SD Card CMD17 or CMD18 Upon reception of a valid read command the card will respond with a response token followed by a data...

Страница 85: ...ery data block has a prefix or start block token one byte After a data block is received the card will respond with a data response token and if the data block is received with no errors it will be pr...

Страница 86: ...s the host s responsibility to prevent it 5 1 5 Erase and Write Protect Management The erase and write protect management procedures in the SPI mode are identical to the SD Bus mode While the card is...

Страница 87: ...completed its initialization processes and is ready for the next command In SPI mode however CMD1 has no operands and does not return the contents of the OCR register Instead the host can use CMD58 SP...

Страница 88: ...1 CRC and Illegal Commands Unlike the SD Card protocol in SPI mode the card will always respond to a command The response indicates acceptance or rejection of the command A command may be rejected in...

Страница 89: ...SPI Protocol Definition SanDisk Secure Digital SD Card Product Manual Rev 1 9 2003 SANDISK CORPORATION 5 7...

Страница 90: ...ll be order of magnitude the number of write blocks WRITE_BL to be erased multiplied by the block write delay 5 1 10 Memory Array Partitioning Same as for SD Card mode 5 1 11 Card Lock Unlock The Card...

Страница 91: ...Card CMD Class CCC Class Description Supported Commands 0 1 9 10 12 13 16 17 18 24 25 27 28 29 30 32 33 38 42 55 56 58 59 class 0 Basic class 1 Not supported in SPI class 2 Block read class 3 Not sup...

Страница 92: ...read write 1 CMD17 Yes 31 0 data address R1 READ_SINGLE _BLOCK Reads a block of the size selected by the SET_BLOCKLEN command 2 CMD18 Yes 31 0 data address R1 READ_MULTIPLE _BLOCK Continuously transf...

Страница 93: ...the last write block in a continuous range to be erased CMD34 CMD37 Reserved CMD38 Yes 31 0 don t care R1b ERASE Erases all previously selected write blocks CMD39 No CMD40 No CMD41 CMD54 Reserved CMD5...

Страница 94: ...rite blocks to be pre erased before writing to be used for faster Multiple Block WR command 1 default one wr block 2 ACMD24 Reserved ACMD25 Yes Reserved for SD security applications1 ACMD26 Yes Reserv...

Страница 95: ...error in the sequence of erase commands occurred Address error A misaligned address which did not match the block length was used in the command Parameter error The command s argument e g address bloc...

Страница 96: ...lid selection sectors for erase Write protect violation The command tried to write a write protected block Card ECC failed Card internal ECC was applied but failed to correct the data CC error Interna...

Страница 97: ...te Error response 110 the host may send CMD13 SEND_STATUS in order to get the cause of the write problem ACMD22 can be used to find the number of well written write blocks 5 2 4 Data Tokens Read and w...

Страница 98: ...10 Data Error Token The four least significant bits LSB are the same error bits as in response format R2 5 2 6 Clearing Status Bits As described in the previous paragraphs in SPI mode status bits are...

Страница 99: ...nd to Card Response Card is Busy The following timing diagram describes the command response transaction for commands when the card responses which the R1b response type e g SET_WRITE_PROT and ERASE W...

Страница 100: ...and bus transaction The timeout values for the response and the data block are NCR Since the NAC is still unknown CS H L L L L L L H H H H NCS NEC DataIN X H H H H Read Command H H H H H H H H X X X X...

Страница 101: ...ng Values Table 5 5 shows the timing values and definitions For more information refer to Table 4 17 in Section 4 0 Section 5 1 9 2 and the applications note in Appendix A Host Design Considerations N...

Страница 102: ...SPI Protocol Definition 5 20 SanDisk Secure Digital SD Card Product Manual Rev 1 9 2003 SANDISK CORPORATION This page intentionally left blank...

Страница 103: ...s timing specifications If they want to support MultiMediaCards in their design the clock speed should be controllable by the host This is due to the MultiMediaCard s open drain mode the MultiMediaCar...

Страница 104: ...anufacturer products The SD Card also supports a 4 bit and a 1 bit SD bi directional bus mode SD bus pins are CLK CMD and DAT in 1 bit mode and CLK CMD and DAT 0 3 in 4 bit mode The MultiMediaCard als...

Страница 105: ...SanDisk Secure Digital SD Card Product Manual Rev 1 9 2003 SANDISK CORPORATION A 3 The example in Table 3 shows the difference between moving 512 bytes of data to and from a MultiMediaCard or SD Card...

Страница 106: ...and recommended mode The more blocks that can be written in Multiblock mode the better the performance of the design Therefore when planning the design ensure that enough system RAM is designed in to...

Страница 107: ...writing to an SD Card and MultiMediaCard is generally done in 512 byte blocks however erasing often occurs in much larger blocks The NAND architecture used by SanDisk and other card vendors currently...

Страница 108: ...SANDISK CORPORATION B 1 Appendix B Ordering Information To order SanDisk products directly from SanDisk call 408 542 0595 Secure Digital Card SDSDB 16 16 MB SDSDB 32 32 MB SDSDJ 64 64 MB SDSDJ 128 12...

Страница 109: ...count Sales 32500 Mills Rd Avon OH 44011 Tel 440 327 0490 Fax 440 327 0295 International Retail Sales European Retail Sales Wilhelminastraat 10 2011 VM Haarlem The Netherlands Tel 31 23 5514226 Fax 31...

Страница 110: ...SanDisk Worldwide Sales Offices C 2 SanDisk Secure Digital SD Card Product Manual Rev 1 9 2003 SANDISK CORPORATION This page intentionally left blank...

Страница 111: ...nd to be defective within one year of purchase SanDisk will have the option of repairing or replacing the defective product if the following conditions are met A The defective product is returned to S...

Страница 112: ...fect conditions of use proof of purchase and purchase date If approved SanDisk will issue a Return Material Authorization or Product Repair Authorization number Ship the defective product to SanDisk C...

Страница 113: ...here failure could cause damage injury or loss of life the products should only be incorporated in systems designed with appropriate redundancy fault tolerant or back up features SanDisk shall not be...

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